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异丁烯全球市场 2023-2030
市场调查报告书
商品编码
1176583

异丁烯全球市场 2023-2030

Global Isobutene Market - 2023-2030
出版日期: | 出版商: DataM Intelligence | 英文 212 Pages | 商品交期: 约2个工作天内

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简介目录

市场概览

异丁烯的市场规模预计在预测期内 (2023-2030) 将显着增长，复合年增长率为 4.0%。

异丁烯是称为 2-甲基丙烯或异丁烯的 C4 烃的异构体。 它是一种无色气体，在压力下会迅速液化。 由于其反应性等特性，气体用途广泛，是化学合成中重要的基本成分。 异丁烯用作各种聚合物和最终产品的原材料，包括抗氧化剂、聚异丁烯 (PIB) 和各种基于柠檬醛的产品。

此外，异丁烯主要用于生产聚丁烯（丁基橡胶）和作为合成甲基叔丁基醚的前体。 这些产品通常用于特殊应用，例如热熔胶、化合物、色母粒、塑料包装、电气绝缘、压缩包装、电线和电缆。

市场动态

生物基添加剂重要性的提高提高了异丁烯的市场份额

异丁烯广泛用作环保燃料添加剂，是一种工业化学品，通过使用特定□转化植物中天然存在的葡萄糖而製成。

这种□存在于自然界中约 50% 的生物体中。 将异辛烷添加到汽油中以停止爆震等。 它有可能成为甲基叔丁基醚 (MBTE) 的替代燃料，MBTE 是一种存在毒性的汽油成分。 全球变暖对策的主要参与者正致力于在未来实现净零排放。 异丁烯对环境无害，已被证明对臭氧层消耗和全球变暖的影响微乎其微。

2018 年 4 月，Sekai Bioenergy 和总部位于阿姆斯特丹的 SkyNRG 合作，使用经 ASTM 认证的生物异丁烯原料和转化方法生产可持续航空燃料。 两家公司希望将 Global Bioenergies 基于异丁烯的 SAF 整合到航空燃料行业标准 ASTM D7566 中，但首先需要获得航空业的批准。

Global Bioenergy 创造了一种合成生物催化剂，并将其与天然□结合，创造了一种导致异丁烯生产的代谢途径。 因此，与许多以前的过程不同，导致异丁烯的新代谢途径涉及自然界中不存在的机制。

此外，这种独特的生物基生产方法目前正在扩大规模。 自 2014 年以来，一座年产约 10 吨氧化异丁烯的中试装置已在法国 Pommacle 投入运营，2017 年德国洛伊纳炼油厂的聚合级异丁烯产能为 100 吨/年。示范设备已启动手术。

价格波动为异丁烯增长创造了巨大且具有挑战性的氛围

异丁烯在过去几年经历了前所未有的增长，最终用户需求是增加该产品市场份额的主要因素。 然而，需求增加是市场的主要障碍，价格波动是一个主要因素。

例如，2022年第一季度，美国异丁烯价格在原材料供应受限的情况下进一步上涨。 由于下游聚异丁烯和丁基橡胶行业试图平衡，该地区的需求基本面正在动摇。 然而，该国的供应一直动盪不安，因为飙升的投入成本迫使国内外转炉的原材料价格上涨。

此外，全球通货膨胀也推高了正丁烯和异丁烯的价格。 此外，美国还从亚洲和欧洲的供应商进口部分食品。 因此，在进口货物价格上涨的支撑下，美国市场异丁烯价格表现上涨。 因此，为了确保利润率，不断上涨的产品成本有时会超过客户成本。

此外，石油基异丁烯市场占有率高，原油价格飙升对异丁烯业务产生负面影响。 俄罗斯和乌克兰之间持续的争端影响了上游原油价格，导致供应短缺和美国异丁烯价格上涨。 2022 年第一季度，下游轮胎行业和汽油添加剂的需求也发生了变化。 异丁烯价格与 2021 年第四季度相比大幅上涨，原因是上个月上游石油和天然气价格有所回升。

COVID-19 影响分析

受 COVID-19 的影响，2020 年全球异丁烯市场有所下滑。 各国政府已采取措施遏制新出现的 COVID-19 流行病。 严格的封锁和实施不同期限的旅行限制正在阻碍各行各业的发展。 封锁和其他旅行限制使汽车和航空航天活动完全停止，并禁止基本服务。

来自生物基原材料的异丁烯正处于增长阶段，高度依赖研发活动来创造新型创新产品，创造价值并推动市场增长。 公司投资于研发活动以提高产品质量。 大流行对其活动产生了重大影响，因为它推迟了新增塑剂的测试和商业部署。 由于产品潜力，有许多初创企业活跃在异丁烯领域。 由于不确定的情况，大流行迫使一些初创企业关闭业务，严重影响了许多初创企业的收益。

内容

第 1 章异丁烯全球市场的研究方法和范围

  • 调查方法
  • 调查目的和范围

第 2 章全球异丁烯市场 - 市场定义和概述

第 3 章全球异丁烯市场 - 执行摘要

  • 按原材料划分的市场细分
  • 按应用划分的市场细分
  • 最终用户的市场细分
  • 按地区划分的市场细分

第 4 章全球异丁烯市场-市场动态

  • 市场影响因素
    • 司机
      • 生物基添加剂的重要性不断提高，提高了异丁烯的市场份额
    • 约束因素
      • 价格波动为异丁烯的增长创造了极具挑战性的环境
    • 商机
    • 影响分析

第 5 章全球异丁烯市场-行业分析

  • 波特的五力分析
  • 供应链分析
  • 定价分析
  • 监管分析

第 6 章全球异丁烯市场 - COVID-19 分析

  • COVID-19 市场分析
    • COVID-19 的上市前情景
    • COVID-19 的当前市场情景
    • COVID-19 后或未来情景
  • COVID-19 期间的价格动态
  • 供需范围
  • 大流行期间与市场相关的政府举措
  • 製造商的战略举措
  • 总结

第 7 章全球异丁烯市场-按原料分类

  • 石油
  • 生物基

第 8 章全球异丁烯市场 - 按应用

  • 橡胶
  • 燃料添加剂
  • 甲基叔丁基醚 (MTBE)
  • 乙基叔丁基醚 (ETBE)
  • 其他

第 9 章全球异丁烯市场 - 最终用户

  • 汽车
  • 航空航天
  • 医药
  • 化妆品和个人护理
  • 其他

第 10 章全球异丁烯市场-按地区

  • 北美
    • 美国
    • 加拿大
    • 墨西哥
  • 欧洲
    • 德国
    • 英国
    • 法国
    • 意大利
    • 西班牙
    • 其他欧洲
  • 南美洲
    • 巴西
    • 阿根廷
    • 其他南美洲
  • 亚太地区
    • 中国
    • 印度
    • 日本
    • 韩国
    • 其他亚太地区
  • 中东和非洲

第 11 章全球异丁烯市场-竞争格局

  • 竞争场景
  • 市场分析/市场份额分析
  • 併购分析

第 12 章全球异丁烯市场-公司概况

  • 巴斯夫欧洲公司
    • 公司概况
    • 最终用户的产品组合和描述
    • 主要亮点
    • 财务摘要
  • Evonik Industries
  • Global Bioenergies SA
  • Exxon Mobil
  • ABI Chemicals
  • LyondellBasell Industries Holdings B.V.
  • Honeywell International Inc.
  • SONGWON
  • Praxair Technology, Inc.
  • Yuhua Group

第 13 章异丁烯全球市场 - 关键考虑因素

第 14 章全球异丁烯市场-DataM

简介目录
Product Code: DMCH4645

Market Overview

Isobutene Market size was worth US$ XX million in 2022 and is estimated to show significant growth by reaching up to US$ XX million by 2030, growing at a CAGR of 4.0% within the forecast period (2023-2030).

Isobutene is an isomeric C4 hydrocarbon known as 2-methylpropene or Isobutylene. Under pressure, the colorless gas is quickly liquefiable. Gas is a versatile and important fundamental building ingredient in chemical synthesis because of its reactivity and other characteristics. Isobutene is a raw ingredient used to create a variety of polymers or finished goods, including antioxidants, polyisobutene (PIB) and a wide range of citral-based products.

Furthermore, Isobutene is primarily used to make polybutylene (butyl rubber) and as a precursor in the synthesis of methyl tert-butyl ether. These goods are frequently used in hot melt adhesives, compounding, masterbatches, plastic packaging, electrical insulation, compression packaging, wires and cables, among other specialist applications.

Market Dynamics

The growing importance of bio-based additives drives the market share for Isobutene

The widely-used green fuel additive and an industrial chemical is known as bio-based Isobutene is created by utilizing a specific enzyme to change the naturally occurring glucose in plants.

The enzyme is present in nature in around 50% of organisms. Isooctane is added to gasoline to stop knocking and other issues. The fuel could replace the gasoline ingredient methyl tert-butyl ether (MBTE), which may be hazardous. The future goal for major actors in the fight against global warming is net zero emissions. It has been established that Isobutene is environmentally friendly and has negligible potential to cause ozone depletion or global warming.

In April 2018, Global Bioenergies and Amsterdam-based SkyNRG collaborated to produce sustainable aviation fuel utilizing an ASTM-certified bio-isobutene feedstock and conversion method. The companies want to integrate Global Bioenergies' isobutene-based SAF in ASTM D7566, the industry standard for jet fuel, but they need the aviation industry's approval first.

Global Bioenergies created synthetic biocatalysts and paired them with natural enzymes to create the metabolic pathways that lead to the generation of Isobutene. Therefore, the new metabolic pathways leading to Isobutene involve non-naturally occurring mechanisms, in contrast to most earlier processes.

Additionally, the unique bio-based production method is currently being scaled up. A pilot plant with a capacity of around 10 tons/year of oxidation-grade Isobutene has been operating in Pomacle, France, since 2014, while in 2017, a demo facility with 100 tons/year of polymer-grade Isobutene began operations on the Leuna refinery site in Germany.

Fluctuations in price create a huge challenging atmosphere for the growth of Isobutene

Isobutene has shown unprecedented growth in the past few years and demand from end-user industries is a major factor that has escalated the product's market share. However, growing demand led to huge crate hurdles for the market and price fluctuation is a major factor.

For instance, in the early quarter of 2022, the price of U.S. isobutylene rose further instead of a limited material supply. Demand fundamentals have been floating in the region as downstream Polyisobutylene and Butyl Rubber industries attempt to maintain the balance. However, the country's supply experienced disturbing dynamics due to high input costs, which compelled producers to increase the price of materials for domestic and foreign converters.

In addition, prices for n-butylene and Isobutylene have increased due to worldwide inflation. Additionally, U.S. imports some of its food from suppliers in Asia and Europe. Consequently, high-priced imported cargoes supported the rising price trend of Isobutylene in U.S. market. As a result, increasing product costs partially exceed those of their customers to safeguard their profit margins.

Petroleum-based Isobutene holds a major market share and rising crude oil prices have negatively impacted the isobutene business. The ongoing problems between Russia and Ukraine have influenced upstream crude oil prices, leading to a supply shortage that has resulted in the high price of Isobutene in U.S. domestic market. Demand from downstream tire industries and gasoline additives also changed in the first quarter of 2022. As upstream crude and natural gas prices recovered in the last month, isobutylene prices increased significantly compared to the fourth quarter of 2021.

COVID-19 Impact Analysis

The global isobutene market experienced a decline in 2020 owing to COVID-19's impact. The governments took measures to curb the spread of the emerging COVID-19 pandemic. The imposition of strict lockdowns and movement restrictions of varying durations has hampered the growth of various industries. The lockdowns and other movement restrictions completely halted automotive and aerospace activities, barring essential services.

Isobutene from bio-based raw materials is in its growing phase, relying heavily on research and developmental activities to create new types of innovative products to generate value and drive the market's growth. Companies have invested in research and developmental activities to improve product quality. Due to the pandemic, activities were severely affected as the pandemic delayed the testing and commercial deployment of new material plasticizers. Due to the product's potential, many startups are active within the isobutene sector. The revenues of many startups were severely affected by the pandemic, as some startups had to close operations due to the uncertain situation.

Segment Analysis

The global isobutene market is segmented on raw material, application, end-user and region.

Petroleum-based Isobutene has shown dominating market share due to easy extraction of the product at higher concentration

The global isobutene market is segmented based on type: petroleum-based and bio-based. Petroleum-based Isobutene dominates the market of the mentioned types. Isobutene, often referred to as Isobutylene, is a crucial industrial intermediate used in manufacturing polyethylene and polypropylene. The important characteristics of Isobutene include high flammability, colorlessness and benzine odor. Isobutane is an unsaturated hydrocarbon employed as a raw material for butyl rubber and polyisobutylene, among other chemical industry raw materials, industrial additives and solvents.

Isobutane is produced after naphtha is split in the steam cracker. The non-catalytic steam cracking method for producing Isobutene is one of the fundamental methods through which the respective petroleum-based compound is manufactured on an industrial scale. However, the yield of the process is low and the process also consumes much methanol. As a result, scientists have invented other methods for synthesizing Isobutene.

One important manufacturing process for synthesizing Isobutylene is using methanol as a raw material in the MTBE (methyl tert-butyl ether) etherification process and cracking reaction with mixed carbon four containing Isobutylene. In this process, methanol is an effective absorbent for removing light components below C3 from the product gas and heavy components above C3.

Once-through yields of greater than or equal to 98.5%, less than or equal to 1.5% methanol consumption and purity levels greater than or equal to 99.9% may all be achieved using the respective isobutylene production process. The method of isobutylene production addresses the initial difficulties of low isobutylene yield and excessive solvent usage during manufacturing.

Geographical Analysis

Asia-Pacific is a major player in the global pharmaceutical industry, with India and China among the leading producers

Asia-Pacific is a rapidly industrializing region experiencing major growth across various industrial sectors. Asia-Pacific is dominant in the global automotive industry, with more than 50% of global automobiles being produced. Production of automobiles is concentrated mostly in China, Japan and India. Higher consumer confidence and spending on passenger and light vehicles are the results of the variables.

The region's developing nations are working on expanding their automotive industries. These countries' governments constantly emphasize programs and regulatory frameworks for trade liberalization.

Asia-Pacific is also a major player in the global pharmaceutical industry, with India and China among the leading producers. Japan, Thailand and South Korea also have well-developed pharmaceutical industries. Isobutene is utilized in the industrial production of active pharmaceutical ingredients and intermediates.

The region also has a well-developed cosmetics and personal care products industry. Taking advantage of cheap labor and industry-friendly policies, many multinational cosmetic companies have opened their primary production facilities in Asia-Pacific. China, South Korea, Singapore and Japan are regionally leading cosmetic producers. Isobutene is used as a propellant in aerosolized hairsprays and deodorants. It is also used as an anti-foaming agent in various skincare products.

Competitive Landscape

The global isobutene market is highly competitive with local and global key players. The key players contributing to the market's growth are LyondellBasell Industries Holdings B.V., BASF SE, Linde plc, Tokyo Chemical Industry Co., Ltd., Honeywell International Inc., Evonik Industries AG, Merck KGaA, Global Bioenergies, SONGWON, Vinati Organics Limited and others.

The major companies are adopting several growth strategies, such as product launches, acquisitions and collaborations, contributing to the global growth of the isobutene market.

  • For instance, in 2020, Evonik will invest around €15 million in its Marl C4 production network. In December 2021, targeted debottlenecking measures will significantly increase the local manufacturing capacity for so-called isobutene derivatives. Additionally, logistics will be expanded even further to give clients more supply flexibility regarding the quantities required and the turnaround time.

LYNAS CORPORATION, LTD.

Overview: BASF SE is a multinational chemical company producing chemicals for various industries. It is one of the largest publicly owned companies, with over 700,000 shareholders. The company has segmented its product portfolio into 13 categories. The company offers its products in 16 sectors, including transportation, chemicals, construction, electronics & electric, energy & resources, furniture & wood, home care and cleaning, agriculture and others. BASF SE has more than 30 Group companies located in Ludwigshafen. BASF SE operates in 6 verbund sites and 361 production sites in more than 90 countries.

Product Portfolio: Isobutene: Isobutene (also known as Isobutylene) is formed after breaking naphtha. It is an unsaturated hydrocarbon. There are many applications for Isobutene in the chemical industry. as a source of raw materials for polyisobutylene and butyl rubber. High flammability, toxicity, colorlessness and benzine odor are key properties of Isobutene.

Key Development

  • On March 22, 2021, The partnership between OMV and BASF, the chemical firm, achieved a new high with the commissioning of OMV's new ISO C4 plant at the Burghausen (Germany) site. Since the end of 2020, the factory, based on cutting-edge technology created jointly by the two businesses, has been generating high-purity Isobutene.

Why Purchase the Report?

  • Visualize the global isobutene market segmentation by raw material, application, end-user and region, highlighting key commercial assets and players.
  • Identify commercial opportunities in the isobutene market by analyzing trends and co-development deals.
  • Excel data sheet with thousands of global isobutene market-level 4/5 segmentation points.
  • PDF report with the most relevant analysis cogently put together after exhaustive qualitative interviews and in-depth market study.
  • Product mapping in excel for the key product of all major market players

The global isobutene market report would provide approximately 61 market data tables, 55 figures and 212 pages.

Target Audience 2022

  • Service Providers/ Buyers
  • Residential
  • Research Laboratory
  • Restaurant Business
  • Energy & Utilities Companies
  • Distributors

Table of Contents

1. Global Isobutene Market Methodology and Scope

  • 1.1. Research Methodology
  • 1.2. Research Objective and Scope of the Report

2. Global Isobutene Market - Market Definition and Overview

3. Global Isobutene Market - Executive Summary

  • 3.1. Market Snippet by Raw Material
  • 3.2. Market Snippet by Application
  • 3.3. Market Snippet by End-User
  • 3.4. Market Snippet by Region

4. Global Isobutene Market-Market Dynamics

  • 4.1. Market Impacting Factors
    • 4.1.1. Drivers
      • 4.1.1.1. The growing importance of bio-based additives drives the market share for Isobutene
      • 4.1.1.2. XX
    • 4.1.2. Restraints
      • 4.1.2.1. Fluctuations in price create a huge challenging atmosphere for the growth of Isobutene
      • 4.1.2.2. XX
    • 4.1.3. Opportunity
      • 4.1.3.1. XX
    • 4.1.4. Impact Analysis

5. Global Isobutene Market - Industry Analysis

  • 5.1. Porter's Five Forces Analysis
  • 5.2. Supply Chain Analysis
  • 5.3. Pricing Analysis
  • 5.4. Regulatory Analysis

6. Global Isobutene Market - COVID-19 Analysis

  • 6.1. Analysis of COVID-19 on the Market
    • 6.1.1. Before COVID-19 Market Scenario
    • 6.1.2. Present COVID-19 Market Scenario
    • 6.1.3. After COVID-19 or Future Scenario
  • 6.2. Pricing Dynamics Amid COVID-19
  • 6.3. Demand-Supply Spectrum
  • 6.4. Government Initiatives Related to the Market During Pandemic
  • 6.5. Manufacturers Strategic Initiatives
  • 6.6. Conclusion

7. Global Isobutene Market - By Raw Material

  • 7.1. Introduction
    • 7.1.1. Market Size Analysis and Y-o-Y Growth Analysis (%), By Raw Material
    • 7.1.2. Market Attractiveness Index, By Raw Material
  • 7.2. Petroleum-based *
    • 7.2.1. Introduction
    • 7.2.2. Market Size Analysis and Y-o-Y Growth Analysis (%)
  • 7.3. Bio-based

8. Global Isobutene Market - By Application

  • 8.1. Introduction
    • 8.1.1. Market Size Analysis and Y-o-Y Growth Analysis (%), By Application
    • 8.1.2. Market Attractiveness Index, By Application
  • 8.2. Rubber *
    • 8.2.1. Introduction
    • 8.2.2. Market Size Analysis and Y-o-Y Growth Analysis (%)
  • 8.3. Fuel Additives
  • 8.4. Methyl Tert-Butyl Ether (MTBE)
  • 8.5. Ethyl Tert-Butyl Ether (ETBE)
  • 8.6. Others

9. Global Isobutene Market - By End-User

  • 9.1. Introduction
    • 9.1.1. Market Size Analysis and Y-o-Y Growth Analysis (%), By End-User
    • 9.1.2. Market Attractiveness Index, By End-User
  • 9.2. Automotive *
    • 9.2.1. Introduction
    • 9.2.2. Market Size Analysis and Y-o-Y Growth Analysis (%)
  • 9.3. Aerospace
  • 9.4. Pharmaceuticals
  • 9.5. Cosmetics & Personal Care
  • 9.6. Others

10. Global Isobutene Market - By Region

  • 10.1. Introduction
    • 10.1.1. Market Size Analysis and Y-o-Y Growth Analysis (%), By Region
    • 10.1.2. Market Attractiveness Index, By Region
  • 10.2. North America
    • 10.2.1. Introduction
    • 10.2.2. Key Region-Specific Dynamics
    • 10.2.3. Market Size Analysis and Y-o-Y Growth Analysis (%), By Raw Material
    • 10.2.4. Market Size Analysis and Y-o-Y Growth Analysis (%), By Application
    • 10.2.5. Market Size Analysis and Y-o-Y Growth Analysis (%), By End-User
    • 10.2.6. Market Size Analysis and Y-o-Y Growth Analysis (%), By Country
      • 10.2.6.1. U.S.
      • 10.2.6.2. Canada
      • 10.2.6.3. Mexico
  • 10.3. Europe
    • 10.3.1. Introduction
    • 10.3.2. Key Region-Specific Dynamics
    • 10.3.3. Market Size Analysis and Y-o-Y Growth Analysis (%), By Raw Material
    • 10.3.4. Market Size Analysis and Y-o-Y Growth Analysis (%), By Application
    • 10.3.5. Market Size Analysis and Y-o-Y Growth Analysis (%), By End-User
    • 10.3.6. Market Size Analysis and Y-o-Y Growth Analysis (%), By Country
      • 10.3.6.1. Germany
      • 10.3.6.2. UK
      • 10.3.6.3. France
      • 10.3.6.4. Italy
      • 10.3.6.5. Spain
      • 10.3.6.6. Rest of Europe
  • 10.4. South America
    • 10.4.1. Introduction
    • 10.4.2. Key Region-Specific Dynamics
    • 10.4.3. Market Size Analysis and Y-o-Y Growth Analysis (%), By Raw Material
    • 10.4.4. Market Size Analysis and Y-o-Y Growth Analysis (%), By Application
    • 10.4.5. Market Size Analysis and Y-o-Y Growth Analysis (%), By End-User
    • 10.4.6. Market Size Analysis and Y-o-Y Growth Analysis (%), By Country
      • 10.4.6.1. Brazil
      • 10.4.6.2. Argentina
      • 10.4.6.3. Rest of South America
  • 10.5. Asia-Pacific
    • 10.5.1. Introduction
    • 10.5.2. Key Region-Specific Dynamics
    • 10.5.3. Market Size Analysis and Y-o-Y Growth Analysis (%), By Raw Material
    • 10.5.4. Market Size Analysis and Y-o-Y Growth Analysis (%), By Application
    • 10.5.5. Market Size Analysis and Y-o-Y Growth Analysis (%), By End-User
    • 10.5.6. Market Size Analysis and Y-o-Y Growth Analysis (%), By Country
      • 10.5.6.1. China
      • 10.5.6.2. India
      • 10.5.6.3. Japan
      • 10.5.6.4. South Korea
      • 10.5.6.5. Rest of Asia-Pacific
  • 10.6. Middle East and Africa
    • 10.6.1. Introduction
    • 10.6.2. Key Region-Specific Dynamics
    • 10.6.3. Market Size Analysis and Y-o-Y Growth Analysis (%), By Raw Material
    • 10.6.4. Market Size Analysis and Y-o-Y Growth Analysis (%), By Application
    • 10.6.5. Market Size Analysis and Y-o-Y Growth Analysis (%), By End-User

11. Global Isobutene Market - Competitive Landscape

  • 11.1. Competitive Scenario
  • 11.2. Market Positioning/Share Analysis
  • 11.3. Mergers and Acquisitions Analysis

12. Global Isobutene Market- Company Profiles

  • 12.1. BASF SE *
    • 12.1.1. Company Overview
    • 12.1.2. End-User Portfolio and Description
    • 12.1.3. Key Highlights
    • 12.1.4. Financial Overview
  • 12.2. Evonik Industries
  • 12.3. Global Bioenergies SA
  • 12.4. Exxon Mobil
  • 12.5. ABI Chemicals
  • 12.6. LyondellBasell Industries Holdings B.V.
  • 12.7. Honeywell International Inc.
  • 12.8. SONGWON
  • 12.9. Praxair Technology, Inc.
  • 12.10. Yuhua Group

LIST NOT EXHAUSTIVE

13. Global Isobutene Market - Premium Insights

14. Global Isobutene Market - DataM

  • 14.1. Appendix
  • 14.2. About Us and Services
  • 14.3. Contact Us