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全球风疹诊断测试市场 - 2023-2030Global Rubella Diagnostic Testing Market - 2023-2030 |
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麻疹具有高度传染性。大约十分之九未受到保护的人会在接触麻疹病毒后被感染。怀孕早期感染风疹的孕妇生出患有先天性风疹综合征(CRS)的婴儿的可能性高达 90%。一名麻疹患者可感染 12 至 18 人,使其成为传染性最强但可通过疫苗预防的疾病。
接触麻疹的易感人群(未接种疫苗/从未患过麻疹)中约有十分之九会患病。 33% 患有先天性风疹综合征的婴儿在一岁之前死亡。风疹 IgG 血清学检测应用于评估风疹免疫力,包括怀疑先天性风疹综合征的怀孕前、怀孕期间和怀孕后。怀孕期间感染风疹可导致流产(受孕 20 週内胎儿流产)和死产(20 週后死亡)。
世界某些地区再次爆发麻疹疫情增加了诊断检测。美国疾病控制与预防中心的数据显示,儘管美国在2000年就宣布麻疹被消灭,但2019年美国31个州报告了近1300例麻疹病例,是1992年以来的最高数字。世界卫生组织于2023 年8 月上旬表示,与世界其他国家相比,印度的麻疹病例数最多,截至2023 年有57,550 例。也门有24,596 例,巴基斯坦有10,549 例。
2000 年至 2021 年间,麻疹疫苗在全球挽救了超过 5600 万人的生命。然而,由于其再次发生,这一数字正在下降。诊断测试可用于治疗生活在观察到麻疹疫情的特定地区的个人的疾病。据联合国国际儿童紧急基金会(UNICEF)称,全球疫苗接种覆盖率已于2022年恢復。然而,全球仍有2050万儿童错过了救生疫苗,比2019年增加了210万。
2022 年,儘管印度的覆盖率达到 93%,但仍有 160 万儿童未接种疫苗和疫苗接种不足。数量的减少使得该疾病在少数地区再次出现,并立即传播到其他地区,因为该疾病具有高度传染性。疫情发生在疫苗接种率最低的地区。因此,预计上述因素将在预测期内推动市场。
推动市场的其他一些因素包括测试程序的进步、风疹疫情的再次爆发以及疫苗接种数量的减少,这些因素预计将在未来一段时间内推动市场。
风疹 IgM 检测应仅限于疑似风疹病例。不建议用于筛查无症状人群。类风湿因子的存在也可能导致 IgM 假阳性。由于存在假阳性结果的可能性,IgM 不应包含在常规检测中以确定先前风疹免疫的证据。对无症状、未暴露的孕妇进行风疹 IgM 检测是不合适的,因为可能会出现假阳性结果,从而产生误导。
Measles is highly contagious. Around 9 out of 10 people who are not protected will become infected following exposure to the measles virus. A pregnant woman infected with rubella in early pregnancy has up to a 90% chance of giving birth to a baby with congenital rubella syndrome (CRS). One person with measles can infect 12-18 people, making it the most infectious yet vaccine-preventable disease.
Around 9 out of 10 susceptible people (unvaccinated/have never had measles) who are exposed to measles will get sick. 33% of infants with congenital rubella syndrome die before one year. Rubella IgG serology testing should be used for assessing rubella immunity, including before, during, and after pregnancy suspecting congenital rubella syndrome. Rubella infection during pregnancy can lead to miscarriage (loss of the fetus within 20 weeks of conception) and stillbirth (death after 20 weeks).
The Reoccurrence of measles outbreaks in some parts of the world increases diagnostic testing. According to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, although measles was declared eliminated in the United States in 2000, almost 1,300 cases of measles were reported in 31 states in the U.S. in 2019, the most significant number since 1992. According to data, the World Health Organization said in early August 2023, India had the highest number of measles cases compared to the rest of the world, with 57,550 cases as of 2023. Yemen with 24,596 and Pakistan with 10,549 patients.
Measles vaccines saved more than 56 million lives worldwide between 2000-2021. However, the numbers are declining due to its reoccurrence. Diagnostic testing comes into play to treat the disease in individuals living in specific regions where measles outbreaks are observed. According to the United Nations International Children's Emergency Fund (UNICEF), global vaccination coverage has recovered in 2022. However, there are still 20.5 million children missing out on lifesaving vaccines globally, 2.1 million more than in 2019.
In 2022, India accounted for 1.6 million unvaccinated and under-vaccinated children despite achieving 93 percent coverage. These reducing numbers make the reoccurrence of the disease in a few regions and immediately spread to other regions as well because the disease is highly contagious. The outbreaks happen in those areas where the vaccination is at its lowest. Hence, the above factor is expected to drive the market in the forecast period.
Some of the other factors that drive the market are advancements in testing procedures, reoccurrence of rubella outbreaks, and decreased number of vaccinations are a few factors that are expected to drive the market in the forthcoming period.
Rubella IgM testing should be limited to suspected rubella cases. It is not recommended for screening asymptomatic people. The presence of rheumatoid factor can also result in a false positive IgM. Due to the possibility of false positive results, IgM should not be included in routine testing to determine evidence of prior rubella immunity. Rubella IgM testing in asymptomatic, unexposed pregnant people is inappropriate because false positive results can occur, which can be misleading.
The global rubella diagnostic testing is segmented based on diagnostic test, age group, end user, and region.
The enzyme immunoassay (EIA) is expected to hold the largest market share during the forecast period, owing to the rising incidences of rubella and the advantages of the enzyme immunoassay (EIA) method. For instance, the enzyme immunoassay is the most used as it is relatively inexpensive, technically easy to perform, rapid, and susceptible.
EIA is used to detect rubella-specific immunoglobulin G (IgG) antibodies. IgM testing is the most commonly performed technique using commercial enzyme immunoassay (EIA) kits. The blood test detects antibodies the immune system makes to kill the rubella virus, which remains in the bloodstream for years. The EIA is also suitable for diagnosing acute infections, as a significant increase in antibody levels was detected in all paired specimens tested from patients with acute rubella infection.
In July 2021, it reported that measles and rubella are two of the most globally critical vaccine-preventable diseases (VPD), and measuring antibodies to measles and rubella viruses in samples collected from serosurveys can play an important role in estimating population immunity and guiding immunization activities and enzyme immunoassay is the most convenient method and accessible approach for detecting the rubella virus. Hence, the efficacy is elevated if ELISA kits are used. This factor is expected to drive the market in the forecast period.
Asia Pacific is expected to hold the largest segment in the market. According to information from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, India has the highest number of cases between April and September 2022. Pakistan stayed in 7th position with 3635 cases, while the US had 33 cases by the end of 2022.
Due to the increased number of cases in 2022, the Indian government has launched a scheme to improve the diagnostic services related to measles disease. For instance, in July 2022, the Pradhan Mantri Surakshit Matritva Abhiyan by the Ministry of Health & Family Welfare (MoHFW), Government of India, to improve the quality and coverage of antenatal care (ANC), including diagnostics and counseling services, as part of the Reproductive Maternal Neonatal Child and Adolescent Health (RMNCH + A) strategy.
COVID-19 negatively impacted the global market during the outburst because to prevent further COVID-19 infection, restrictions and regulations were imposed, making it difficult for people to perform rubella diagnoses affecting the sales of the rubella diagnostic kits. Furthermore, during the pandemic, regular vaccination programs were on hold, which according to NIH estimation, put 80 million infants at risk of infection by measles, polio, and diphtheria, negatively impacting the global market.
The major global players in the rubella diagnostic testing market include: Siemens Healthineers AG, Bio Rad Laboratories Inc., Abbott Laboratories, BioMerieux SA, Thermo Fisher Scientific Inc., ZEUS, Scientific Inc., F. Hoffmann-La Roche Ltd, Ortho Clinical Diagnostics, InDevR, Inc., and Beckman Coulter Inc. among others.
The global rubella diagnostic testing market report would provide approximately 61 tables, 61 figures, and 185 Pages.
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