全球心臟植入电子设备市场 -2023-2030
市场调查报告书
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1374809

全球心臟植入电子设备市场 -2023-2030

Global Cardiac Implantable Electronic Devices Market -2023-2030

出版日期: | 出版商: DataM Intelligence | 英文 186 Pages | 商品交期: 约2个工作天内

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简介目录

概述

心律不整或心跳不均是指心跳速率或节律出现问题。心臟跳动可能太快、太慢或节奏奇怪。通常情况下,心率在体育锻炼时会加快,而在放鬆或休息时会减慢。心臟植入式电子设备(CIED) 是电池供电的医疗设备,用于治疗各种心臟疾病,这些设备包括永久性心律调节器(PPM)、自动植入式心臟復律去颤器(AICD) 和心臟再同步治疗设备(CRT)。

CIED 用于监测和管理心律不整(PPM、AICD、CRT)并增强收缩功能 (CRT)。目前,据估计,全球每年植入的心臟植入电子设备(CIED)多达140万个。据美国心臟学会称,美国每年约有 20 万个心律调节器被植入心搏过缓患者体内。

心律不整等心血管疾病病例的不断增加、产品授权的增加、研究活动的积极成果、市场发展(包括合併、收购、产品推出、意识的提高等因素)预计将在预测期内推动全球心臟植入电子设备市场的成长。此外,新产品的推出和技术进步预计也将有助于预测期内的全球市场成长。

动力学

增加心臟植入电子设备的授权

不同监管机构对心臟植入电子设备的授权不断增加,预计将在预测期内推动全球市场的成长。例如,2023年5月,全球心血管生物医学研究和技术公司百多力(Biotronik)的世界上最重要的起搏器和(心臟再同步治疗-起搏器)CRT-P心臟植入式电子设备系列获得了左束授权的CE(Conformite Europeenne)许可。分支节奏。

此外,2022年1月,美敦力(Medtronic)是一家医疗技术公司,主要从事基于设备的医疗的设计、心臟植入电子设备、分销和商业化,获得了日本厚生劳动省的商业化和偿还授权。 Micra AV 经导管心律调节系统(TPS)。这项授权扩大了日本这个全球最广泛的市场之一适合获得全球最小起搏器 Micra TPS 的患者数量。 Micra AV 建议用于治疗房室传导阻滞患者,房室传导阻滞是一种心室(心房和心室)之间的电讯号变形的状态。

心血管疾病病例不断增加

包括心律不整在内的心血管疾病病例的不断增加预计将在预测期内增加对心臟植入电子设备的需求。例如,根据 NIH 2020 年发布的研究,全球心房颤动患病人数约为 375.74 亿例(占全球居民的 0.51%),在过去二十年中再次增加了 33%。社会人口指数高的国家负荷增加最多,但社会人口指数中等的国家目前增幅最大。

心房颤动是一种非常典型的心律不整。根据评估,预计到2050 年,全球将有约600-1200 万人患有这种疾病,其中美国预计将有600-1200 万人患有这种疾病,到2060 年,欧洲将有1790 万人患有这种疾病。心房颤动是缺血性中风的一个重要威胁因素,并会造成严重的经济负担。具有很高的发病率和死亡率。

同样,根据 NIH 的数据,在广大人群中,心律不整的盛行率预计为 1.5% 至 5%,其中心房颤动的盛行率很高。此外,根据英国心臟基金会 2023 年英国情况说明书,英国有超过 150 万人被诊断出患有心房颤动,但其中相当一部分人没有得到有效治疗。据估计,英国至少有 27 万名 65 岁以上的人患有未确诊(或无症状)心房颤动。

心臟植入电子设备召回

由于患者健康安全问题而从市场上召回的心臟植入电子设备预计将阻碍预测期内的全球市场成长。例如,2021 年 4 月,美国食品药物管理局 (FDA) 宣布美敦力 (Medtronic) 召回近 35 万件植入式心臟设备,因为这些设备在需要时提供高压治疗的能力始终存在问题。

根据 FDA 的声明,低能量电击或根本不电击可能无法修復危及生命的心律不整,从而导致心臟骤停、其他严重伤害或死亡。此外,如果拥有这些设备之一的个人需要额外的手术过程来移除和更换该设备,则还有其他伤害威胁。召回中包含的特定心臟植入式电子设备包括 Cobalt XT、Cobalt 和 Crome ICD 以及 CRT-D; Claria MRI、Amplia MRI、Compia MRI、Viva 和 Brava CRT-D;以及 Visia AF、Visia AF MRI、Evera、Evera MRI、Primo MRI 和 Mirro MRI ICD。

设备成本高

设备和植入手术的高成本预计将阻碍预测期内的全球市场成长。例如,心律调节器的成本通常为 19,000 美元至 96,000 美元。预计费用还包括手术前后可能需要的植入费用、X 光或其他影像测试费用,以及后续访问和需要完成的任何调整。

此外,如果没有保险,费用可能从大约 20,000 美元到 100,000 美元不等。对于没有任何保险的个人来说,起搏器和心臟辅助植入物的费用约为 19,000 美元至 96,000 美元或以上,具体取决于起搏器的类型、地点和住院时间。因此,由于成本高昂,大多数低收入者无法接受种植手术,减缓了预测期内的市场成长。

目录

第 1 章:方法与范围

  • 研究方法论
  • 报告的研究目的和范围

第 2 章:定义与概述

第 3 章:执行摘要

  • 按产品分类的片段
  • 按指示显示的片段
  • 最终使用者的片段
  • 按地区分類的片段

第 4 章:动力学

  • 影响因素
    • 司机
      • 增加心臟植入电子设备的授权
      • 心血管疾病病例不断增加
    • 限制
      • 心臟植入电子设备召回
      • 设备成本高
    • 机会
    • 影响分析

第 5 章:产业分析

  • 波特五力分析
  • 供应链分析
  • 定价分析
  • 监管分析
  • 专利分析
  • 科技趋势
  • 最终用户趋势
  • SWOT分析
  • DMI 意见

第 6 章:COVID-19 分析

  • COVID-19 分析
    • 新冠疫情爆发前的情景
    • 新冠疫情期间的情景
    • 新冠疫情后的情景
  • COVID-19 期间的定价动态
  • 供需谱
  • 疫情期间政府与市场相关的倡议
  • 製造商策略倡议
  • 结论

第 7 章:副产品

  • 起搏器
    • 单室
    • 双室
    • 双心室
  • 植入式心臟復律去颤器
    • 经静脉ICD
    • 皮下ICD
  • 植入式心臟循环记录仪

第 8 章:依指示

  • 心律不整
  • 心律监测
  • 心臟传导阻滞/衰竭
  • 其他的

第 9 章:最终用户

  • 医院
  • 专科诊所
  • 门诊手术中心
  • 学术研究机构
  • 其他的

第 10 章:按地区

  • 北美洲
    • 我们
    • 加拿大
    • 墨西哥
  • 欧洲
    • 德国
    • 英国
    • 法国
    • 义大利
    • 西班牙
    • 欧洲其他地区
  • 南美洲
    • 巴西
    • 阿根廷
    • 南美洲其他地区
  • 亚太
    • 中国
    • 印度
    • 日本
    • 澳洲
    • 亚太其他地区
  • 中东和非洲

第 11 章:竞争格局

  • 竞争场景
  • 市场定位/份额分析
  • 併购分析

第 12 章:公司简介

  • Abbott
    • 公司简介
    • 产品组合和描述
    • 财务概览
    • 主要进展
  • Medtronic plc
  • Boston Scientific Corporation
  • Biotronic AG
  • Stryker
  • Microport Scientific Corporation
  • Koninklijke Philips NV
  • Lepu Medical Technology (Beijing)Co.,Ltd.
  • MEDICO SRL
  • Vitatron

第 13 章:附录

简介目录
Product Code: MD7234

Overview

An arrhythmia, or uneven heartbeat, is a trouble with the rate or rhythm of the heartbeat. The heart may beat too fast, too slow, or with an odd rhythm. It is typical for the heart rate to race up in physical exercise and to slow down while relaxing or resting. Cardiac implantable electronic devices (CIEDs) are battery-powered medical devices employed for the treatment of a variety of cardiac conditions these devices include permanent pacemakers (PPMs), automated implantable cardioverter defibrillators (AICDs), and cardiac resynchronization therapy devices (CRTs).

CIEDs are utilized to monitor and manage arrhythmias (PPMs, AICDs, CRTs) and enhance systolic function (CRTs). Presently, it is assessed that up to 1.4 million cardiac implantable electronic devices (CIED) are implanted worldwide annually. According to the American College of Cardiology, roughly 200,000 pacemakers are implanted in the United States in individuals with bradycardic annually.

The growing cases of cardiovascular diseases including arrhythmias, increasing product authorizations, positive outcomes from research activities, market developments including mergers, acquisitions, products introductions, growing awareness among other factors are expected to boost the global cardiac implantable electronic devices market growth in the forecast period. Further, the new product launches and technological advancements also expected to contribute to the global market growth in the forecast period.

Dynamics

Increasing Cardiac Implantable Electronic Devices Authorizations

The increasing cardiac implantable electronic devices authorizations from distinct regulatory bodies are expected to boost the global market growth during the forecast period. For instance, in May 2023, Biotronik, a global cardiovascular biomedical research and technology corporation, obtained CE (Conformite Europeenne) clearance for the World's foremost pacemaker and (cardiac resynchronization therapy-pacemaker) CRT-P Cardiac Implantable Electronic Devices line authorized for left bundle branch pacing.

Moreover, in January 2022, Medtronic, a medical technology corporation involved in the designing, cardiac implantable electronic devicesion, distribution, and commercialization of device-based medical treatments, obtained Japan's Ministry of Health, Labor, and Welfare authorization for the commercialization and repayment of the Micra AV Transcatheter Pacing System (TPS). This authorization extends the number of patients in Japan, one of the most extensive markets in the globe, who are suitable to obtain the Micra TPS, the globe's tiniest pacemaker. The Micra AV is suggested to treat patients with AV block, a state in which the electrical signals between the chambers of the heart (the atria and the ventricle) are deformed.

Growing Cases of Cardiovascular Diseases

The growing cases of cardiovascular diseases including cardiac arrhythmias are expected to boost the demand for cardiac implantable electronic devices in the forecast period. For instnace, according to the NIH study published in 2020, the global preponderance of atrial fibrillation was around 37,574 million cases (0.51% of the global inhabitants), which grew again by 33% in the last two decades. The most elevated load is witnessed in nations with high socio-demographic index, though the most extensive current gain transpired in middle socio-demographic index nations.

Atrial fibrillation is a highly typical cardiac arrhythmia. It has been assessed that around 6-12 million individuals globally are expected to suffer from this disorder in the US by 2050 and 17.9 million individuals in Europe by 2060. Atrial fibrillation is a significant threat element for ischemic stroke and evokes a critical economic load along with substantial morbidity and mortality.

Again, according to the NIH, the preponderance of arrhythmias is anticipated to be 1.5% to 5% in the widespread population, with atrial fibrillation being highly expected. Further, according to the British Heart Foundation UK Factsheet 2023, over 1.5 million people in the UK have been diagnosed with atrial fibrillation, but a substantial number of them are not treated effectively. It is assessed that there are at the minimum 270,000 individuals aged above 65 with undiagnosed (or silent) atrial fibrillation in the UK.

Cardiac Implantable Electronic Devices Recalls

The cardiac implantable electronic devices recalls from the market owing to patient health safety concerns are expected to hamper the global market growth during the forecast period. For instance, in April 2021, the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) declared that Medtronic recalled almost 350,000 implantable cardiac devices owing to persistent problems with their capability to deliver high-voltage therapy when required.

According to the FDA declaration, a reduced-energy shock, or no shock at all, may fail to fix a life-threatening arrhythmia, which can lead to cardiac arrest, other severe injury, or death. Moreover, there are other threats of injury if an individual with one of these devices requires additional surgical processes to remove and replace the device. Specific cardiac implantable electronic devices included in the recall were the Cobalt XT, Cobalt and Crome ICDs and CRT-Ds; Claria MRI, Amplia MRI, Compia MRI, Viva, and Brava CRT-Ds; and Visia AF, Visia AF MRI, Evera, Evera MRI, Primo MRI, and Mirro MRI ICDs.

High Device Costs

The high cost of devices and implant procedures is expected to hamper the global market growth during the forecast period. For instance, the pacemaker's costs typically range from $19,000 to $96,000. The expense is also expected to include implantation costs, X-rays, or other imaging tests expenses that might be required before and post the procedure, and the follow-up visit and any adjustments that are required to be completed.

Moreover, the cost can differ anywhere from approximately $20,000 and $100,000, without insurance. For individuals without any insurance coverage, a pacemaker and heart-assist implant can cost around $19,000-$96,000 or above, depending on the kind of pacemaker, the site, and the span of the hospital stay. Thus, owing to the high costs majority of low earning population is unable to undergo implant procedure slowing the market growth in the forecast period.

Segment Analysis

The global cardiac implantable electronic devices market is segmented based on product, indication, end-user and region.

Implantable cardioverter-defibrillators (ICDs) Product Expected to Dominate Market

Owing to the increase in cardiac implantable electronic devices launches and approvals the Implantable cardioverter-defibrillators (ICDs) segment is estimated to hold the majority of the global market share in the forecast period. For instance, in October 2020, Abbott introduced its unique ICD and CRT-D in India, thus expanding its cardiac implantable electronic devices line in the nation. The corporation even obtained CE Mark clearance for its Gallant ICD and CRT-D devices in February 2020.

Moreover, in August 2022, Medtronic plc introduced an investigational extravascular implantable cardioverter defibrillator (EV ICD) system defibrillator with the tip positioned under the breastbone, beyond the heart and veins attained a defibrillation success rate of 98.7%, and satisfied its safety endpoints in global clinical investigations.

Further, in February 2023, Medtronic plc, obtained CE (Conformite Europeenne) Mark for its Aurora EV-ICD MRI SureScan (Extravascular Implantable Cardioverter-Defibrillator) and Epsila EV MRI SureScan defibrillation lead for the treatment of dangerously rapid cardiac beats that can direct to premature cardiac arrest. The Aurora EV-ICD system delivers the life-saving advantages of conventional ICDs while dodging specific threats as its lead (thin wire) is positioned outside the heart and veins.

Geographical Penetration

Growing Cases of Cardiovascular Diseases

Owing to the increasing cases of cardiovascular disease in North America the region is estimated to dominate the global market during the forecast period. For instance, according to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, in the US, approximately 805,000 individuals have heart attacks, and one individual dies every 33 seconds from cardiovascular disease yearly. Moreover, according to the Arrhythmia Alliance Atrial fibrillation impacts nearly 1 out of 50 Americans under the age of 65 and about 1 out of 10 Americans over age 65. The prevalence of ventricular arrhythmias differs widely.

Furthermore, the increase in initiatives to support better practices and awareness in individuals with atrial fibrillation is expected to boost the regional market growth in the forecast period. For instance, the North American Thrombosis Forum's Atrial Fibrillation Action Initiative recognizes multidisciplinary most promising approaches for stroke precluding atrial fibrillation (Afib). The task is to deliver a comprehensive yet straightforward consensus record concentrated on stroke and bleeding threat examination in individuals with Afib and anticoagulation choices and management. The organization intends for this practical record to function as a reference for the whole medical society concerned with the care of individuals with Afib: primary care, emergency medicine, pharmacy, and cardiovascular medicine.

COVID-19 Impact Analysis

The COVID-19 pandemic inflicted challenges to the standard management of access and delivery of health care worldwide. It promoted the adoption of telemedicine and digital health, establishing a fresh epoch in the management of CIED patients. Patient results could be enhanced with device-based intensive monitoring corresponding with standard in-clinic follow-up at periodic intervals.

The pandemic background encouraged the quest for alternative solutions for practical patient follow-up, like validation of digital technologies, data management techniques, implementation of predictive analytics, cybersecurity, growth of restricted forms of remote CIED programming, and reimbursement. However, the pandemic disturbed the planned implant procedures which were rescheduled or cancelled negatively influencing the global market during the pandemic.

Key Developments

  • In April 2023, Aziyo Biologics, Inc., a corporation that designs and trades biologic developments to enhance compatibility between medical devices and patients, formed a distribution deal with LeMaitre Vascular, Inc., a provider of vascular devices, implants, and services.
  • In December 2021, LifeTech Scientific Corporation expanded its deals with Medtronic to advance the strategic partnership on the "HeartTone domestic pacemaker project" and to begin the partnership on domestically-made MRI-conditional pacemakers.
  • In June 2021, Medtronic Private Limited, India, launched the Micra AV, a miniaturized fully self-contained pacemaker that provides state-of-the-art pacing technology to atrioventricular (AV) block patients by a minimally invasive approach.

Competitive Landscape

The major global players in the market include: Abbott, Medtronic plc, Boston Scientific Corporation, Biotronic AG, Stryker, Microport Scientific Corporation, Koninklijke Philips N.V., Lepu Medical Technology (Beijing)Co.,Ltd., MEDICO S.R.L., and Vitatron among others.

Why Purchase the Report?

  • To visualize the global cardiac implantable electronic devices market segmentation based on product, indication, end-user and region as well as understand key commercial assets and players.
  • Identify commercial opportunities by analyzing trends and co-development.
  • Excel data sheet with numerous data points of cardiac implantable electronic devices market-level with all segments.
  • PDF report consists of a comprehensive analysis after exhaustive qualitative interviews and an in-depth study.
  • Product mapping available as excel consisting of key products of all the major players.

The global cardiac implantable electronic devices market report would provide approximately 61 tables, 58 figures and 186 Pages.

Target Audience 2023

  • Manufacturers/ Buyers
  • Industry Investors/Investment Bankers
  • Research Professionals
  • Emerging Companies

Table of Contents

1. Methodology and Scope

  • 1.1. Research Methodology
  • 1.2. Research Objective and Scope of the Report

2. Definition and Overview

3. Executive Summary

  • 3.1. Snippet by Product
  • 3.2. Snippet by Indication
  • 3.3. Snippet by End-User
  • 3.4. Snippet by Region

4. Dynamics

  • 4.1. Impacting Factors
    • 4.1.1. Drivers
      • 4.1.1.1. Increasing Cardiac Implantable Electronic Devices Authorizations
      • 4.1.1.2. Growing Cases of Cardiovascular Diseases
    • 4.1.2. Restraints
      • 4.1.2.1. Cardiac Implantable Electronic Devices Recalls
      • 4.1.2.2. High Device Costs
    • 4.1.3. Opportunity
    • 4.1.4. Impact Analysis

5. Industry Analysis

  • 5.1. Porter's Five Force Analysis
  • 5.2. Supply Chain Analysis
  • 5.3. Pricing Analysis
  • 5.4. Regulatory Analysis
  • 5.5. Patent Analysis
  • 5.6. Technology Trend
  • 5.7. End-User Trend
  • 5.8. SWOT Analysis
  • 5.9. DMI Opinion

6. COVID-19 Analysis

  • 6.1. Analysis of COVID-19
    • 6.1.1. Scenario Before COVID
    • 6.1.2. Scenario During COVID
    • 6.1.3. Scenario Post COVID
  • 6.2. Pricing Dynamics Amid COVID-19
  • 6.3. Demand-Supply Spectrum
  • 6.4. Government Initiatives Related to the Market During Pandemic
  • 6.5. Manufacturers Strategic Initiatives
  • 6.6. Conclusion

7. By Product

  • 7.1. Introduction
    • 7.1.1. Market Size Analysis and Y-o-Y Growth Analysis (%), By Product
    • 7.1.2. Market Attractiveness Index, By Product
  • 7.2. Pacemaker*
    • 7.2.1. Introduction
    • 7.2.2. Market Size Analysis and Y-o-Y Growth Analysis (%)
    • 7.2.3. Single-chamber
    • 7.2.4. Dual-chamber
    • 7.2.5. Biventricular
  • 7.3. Implantable Cardioverter Defibrillators
    • 7.3.1. Transvenous ICD
    • 7.3.2. Subcutaneous ICD
  • 7.4. Implantable Cardiac Loop Recorders

8. By Indication

  • 8.1. Introduction
    • 8.1.1. Market Size Analysis and Y-o-Y Growth Analysis (%), By Indication
    • 8.1.2. Market Attractiveness Index, By Indication
  • 8.2. Arrhythmia*
    • 8.2.1. Introduction
    • 8.2.2. Market Size Analysis and Y-o-Y Growth Analysis (%)
  • 8.3. Heart Rhythm Monitoring
  • 8.4. Heart Block/Failure
  • 8.5. Others

9. By End-User

  • 9.1. Introduction
    • 9.1.1. Market Size Analysis and Y-o-Y Growth Analysis (%), By End-User
    • 9.1.2. Market Attractiveness Index, By End-User
  • 9.2. Hospitals*
    • 9.2.1. Introduction
    • 9.2.2. Market Size Analysis and Y-o-Y Growth Analysis (%)
  • 9.3. Specialty Clinics
  • 9.4. Ambulatory Surgery Centers
  • 9.5. Academic Research Institutes
  • 9.6. Others

10. By Region

  • 10.1. Introduction
    • 10.1.1. Market Size Analysis and Y-o-Y Growth Analysis (%), By Region
    • 10.1.2. Market Attractiveness Index, By Region
  • 10.2. North America
    • 10.2.1. Introduction
    • 10.2.2. Key Region-Specific Dynamics
    • 10.2.3. Market Size Analysis and Y-o-Y Growth Analysis (%), By Product
    • 10.2.4. Market Size Analysis and Y-o-Y Growth Analysis (%), By Indication
    • 10.2.5. Market Size Analysis and Y-o-Y Growth Analysis (%), By End-User
    • 10.2.6. Market Size Analysis and Y-o-Y Growth Analysis (%), By Country
      • 10.2.6.1. U.S.
      • 10.2.6.2. Canada
      • 10.2.6.3. Mexico
  • 10.3. Europe
    • 10.3.1. Introduction
    • 10.3.2. Key Region-Specific Dynamics
    • 10.3.3. Market Size Analysis and Y-o-Y Growth Analysis (%), By Product
    • 10.3.4. Market Size Analysis and Y-o-Y Growth Analysis (%), By Indication
    • 10.3.5. Market Size Analysis and Y-o-Y Growth Analysis (%), By End-User
    • 10.3.6. Market Size Analysis and Y-o-Y Growth Analysis (%), By Country
      • 10.3.6.1. Germany
      • 10.3.6.2. UK
      • 10.3.6.3. France
      • 10.3.6.4. Italy
      • 10.3.6.5. Spain
      • 10.3.6.6. Rest of Europe
  • 10.4. South America
    • 10.4.1. Introduction
    • 10.4.2. Key Region-Specific Dynamics
    • 10.4.3. Market Size Analysis and Y-o-Y Growth Analysis (%), By Product
    • 10.4.4. Market Size Analysis and Y-o-Y Growth Analysis (%), By Indication
    • 10.4.5. Market Size Analysis and Y-o-Y Growth Analysis (%), By End-User
    • 10.4.6. Market Size Analysis and Y-o-Y Growth Analysis (%), By Country
      • 10.4.6.1. Brazil
      • 10.4.6.2. Argentina
      • 10.4.6.3. Rest of South America
  • 10.5. Asia-Pacific
    • 10.5.1. Introduction
    • 10.5.2. Key Region-Specific Dynamics
    • 10.5.3. Market Size Analysis and Y-o-Y Growth Analysis (%), By Product
    • 10.5.4. Market Size Analysis and Y-o-Y Growth Analysis (%), By Indication
    • 10.5.5. Market Size Analysis and Y-o-Y Growth Analysis (%), By End-User
    • 10.5.6. Market Size Analysis and Y-o-Y Growth Analysis (%), By Country
      • 10.5.6.1. China
      • 10.5.6.2. India
      • 10.5.6.3. Japan
      • 10.5.6.4. Australia
      • 10.5.6.5. Rest of Asia-Pacific
  • 10.6. Middle East and Africa
    • 10.6.1. Introduction
    • 10.6.2. Key Region-Specific Dynamics
    • 10.6.3. Market Size Analysis and Y-o-Y Growth Analysis (%), By Product
    • 10.6.4. Market Size Analysis and Y-o-Y Growth Analysis (%), By Indication
    • 10.6.5. Market Size Analysis and Y-o-Y Growth Analysis (%), By End-User

11. Competitive Landscape

  • 11.1. Competitive Scenario
  • 11.2. Market Positioning/Share Analysis
  • 11.3. Mergers and Acquisitions Analysis

12. Company Profiles

  • 12.1. Abbott*
    • 12.1.1. Company Overview
    • 12.1.2. Product Portfolio and Description
    • 12.1.3. Financial Overview
    • 12.1.4. Key Developments
  • 12.2. Medtronic plc
  • 12.3. Boston Scientific Corporation
  • 12.4. Biotronic AG
  • 12.5. Stryker
  • 12.6. Microport Scientific Corporation
  • 12.7. Koninklijke Philips N.V.
  • 12.8. Lepu Medical Technology (Beijing)Co.,Ltd.
  • 12.9. MEDICO S.R.L.
  • 12.10. Vitatron

LIST NOT EXHAUSTIVE

13. Appendix

  • 13.1. About Us and Services
  • 13.2. Contact Us