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日本驱逐舰市场 - 2024 - 2031Japan Destroyer Market - 2024 - 2031 |
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日本驱逐舰市场2023年达17亿美元,预计2031年将达24亿美元,2024-2031年预测期间复合年增长率为4.40%。
在新兴技术、不断变化的地缘政治动态以及增强作战能力的需求的推动下,日本驱逐舰市场正在迅速发展。几个关键趋势正在塑造这个市场,凸显了日本对维持强大且技术先进的海上防御的重视。
鑑于来自北韩和中国的地区威胁,飞弹防御仍然是日本驱逐舰的关键关注点。将宙斯盾作战系统和 SM-3 Block IIA 飞弹整合到舰队中,体现了日本致力于建造强大的飞弹防御系统。例如,日本正在建造新的配备宙斯盾的驱逐舰,以取代取消的宙斯盾岸上计划,反映出其对移动海基防御解决方案的重视。
此外,日本的现代驱逐舰越来越多地被设计为执行多种任务,包括防空战(AAW)、反潜战(ASW)和反水面战(ASuW)。日本海上自卫队委託建造的玛雅级驱逐舰体现了这一趋势,配备宙斯盾弹道飞弹防御系统以及先进的雷达和声纳技术。这种多功能性确保驱逐舰能够应对从飞弹威胁到海军交战等各种安全挑战。
此外,环境问题和运作效率正在推动新型驱逐舰采用混合动力推进系统。这些系统将燃气涡轮机和电力推进相结合,以提高燃油效率并减少排放。此类绿色技术的发展符合日本更广泛的环境承诺,同时提高了其海军资产的作战范围和永续性。
最后,日本不断增加的国防预算使其能够采购更先进的驱逐舰并对现有驱逐舰进行升级。日本的国防开支一度目标是占GDP的1%以下。日本首相岸田文雄政府在2022 财年提出的第一份预算总额为5.1 兆日元,与该政策一致,但2023 财年的预算增至6.6 兆日元,并在2023 财年又增加了兆日圆,达到7.7 兆日圆。
司机
地缘政治紧张局势和国家安全担忧
日本的地缘政治环境,特别是印太地区的地缘政治环境,推动了对先进驱逐舰的需求。例如,斯德哥尔摩国际和平研究所 (SIPRI) 估计,截至 2022 年 1 月,北韩拥有约 20 件核武和足够用于 45 至 55 个核装置的裂变材料。已进行六次核子试验,爆炸当量从第一次试验的少于1千吨稳定增加到第六次试验的160吨。
此外,在东亚,力量平衡正迅速转向有利于中国的方向。 SIPRI的数据显示,2013年至2022年间,美国国防开支成长了2.7%,而同期中国国防开支却飙升了63%。从绝对值来看,美国仍位居全球第一,2022 年支出为 8,770 亿美元,而中国则以 2,920 亿美元排名第二。然而,必须指出的是,虽然美国军队致力于全球,但中国军队只参与地区性事务。
此外,日本也决定增加国防开支。然而,考虑到现在做出的两个战区承诺,日本和美国对韩国防御的安全承诺未来可能会减少。日本已经将注意力从朝鲜半岛转向台湾海峡。因此,上述因素有助于推动市场成长。
政府国防政策与预算
日本政府的国防政策和预算是驱逐舰市场的关键驱动力,反映了该国在区域紧张局势中加强海上安全的承诺。日本政府根据其国防计划指南(NDPG)和中期防卫计划(MTDP),优先考虑海军现代化,以应对印度-太平洋地区新出现的威胁。这些政策强调透过拨出大量资金来采购和升级具有先进能力的驱逐舰来加强日本自卫队(SDF),特别是海上自卫队(JMSDF)。
例如,日本计划在2023年开始建造两艘驱逐舰,即宙斯盾系统装备舰(ASEV),分别于2024财年和2025财年开始建造,并于2027年和2028年投入使用。美元2024 财年为驱逐舰提供的资金为日圆或 26 亿美元。这笔金额比日本经济部在 2024 财年 8 月预算请求中寻求的 3,797 亿日圆(26.4 亿美元)略有减少。
此外,2024年,日本防卫省正式签署了生产两艘配备宙斯盾空战战斗管理系统的新建海军驱逐舰的合约。这些新船被称为宙斯盾系统装备船(ASEV),计划于 2027 年和 2028 年投入使用。
日本国防部为这两艘船花费了2,721 亿日元(18.9 亿美元),第一份合约以1,397 亿日圆的价格授予了三菱重工(MHI),第二份合约则授予了日本海洋联合公司(Japan Marine United Corp.)。三菱重工将于 2027 年交付该船,日本海事公司将于一年后交付该船。因此,日本政府的国防政策和不断增加的预算透过采购、现代化和尖端技术的整合直接推动驱逐舰市场。
限制
开发和维护成本高
先进驱逐舰的开发、采购和维护成本高昂,严重限制了日本驱逐舰市场的成长。由于其尖端技术、复杂系统和特殊要求,这些舰艇是海军舰队中最昂贵的资产之一。例如,配备宙斯盾弹道飞弹防御系统的玛雅级驱逐舰每艘造价约为 1,730 亿日圆(16 亿美元)。如此大量的前期投资限制了在给定预算週期内可以生产的船数量。
此外,持续的营运和维护费用进一步加剧了财务资源的紧张。相控阵雷达、飞弹拦截器和隐形技术等先进系统需要定期升级和专业人员维护。人工智慧和网路安全措施的使用增加又增加了一层成本,因为这些系统必须不断更新才能有效应对不断变化的威胁。因此,高昂的开发和维护成本限制了日本驱逐舰市场的规模和步伐。
Japan's Destroyer Market reached US$ 1.7 billion in 2023 and is expected to reach US$ 2.4 billion by 2031, growing with a CAGR of 4.40% during the forecast period 2024-2031.
The Japan destroyer market is evolving rapidly, driven by emerging technologies, changing geopolitical dynamics and the need for enhanced operational capabilities. Several key trends are shaping this market, highlighting Japan's focus on maintaining a robust and technologically advanced maritime defense.
Missile defense remains a critical focus for Japan's destroyers, given regional threats from North Korea and China. The integration of the Aegis Combat System and SM-3 Block IIA missiles into the fleet showcases Japan's commitment to building a robust missile shield. For instance, Japan is constructing new Aegis-equipped destroyers to replace the canceled Aegis Ashore program, reflecting its emphasis on mobile, sea-based defense solutions.
In addition, modern destroyers in Japan are increasingly designed to perform multiple roles, including anti-air warfare (AAW), anti-submarine warfare (ASW) and anti-surface warfare (ASuW). The Maya-class destroyers, commissioned by the JMSDF, exemplify this trend, featuring the Aegis Ballistic Missile Defense system alongside advanced radar and sonar technologies. This versatility ensures that destroyers can address diverse security challenges, from missile threats to naval engagements.
Moreover, environmental concerns and operational efficiency are driving the adoption of hybrid propulsion systems in new destroyers. These systems combine gas turbines and electric propulsion to enhance fuel efficiency and reduce emissions. The development of such green technologies aligns with Japan's broader environmental commitments while improving the operational range and sustainability of its naval assets.
Finally, Japan's increasing defense budget is enabling the procurement of more advanced destroyers and upgrades to existing ones. Japan's defense expenditures were once targeted at 1% of GDP or less. The first budget proposed by the administration of Prime Minister Kishida Fumio in fiscal 2022 totaled ¥5.1 trillion, in line with that policy, but for fiscal 2023 the budget rose to ¥6.6 trillion and it climbed by another trillion to ¥7.7 trillion in the fiscal 2024 budget.
Drivers
Geopolitical Tensions and National Security Concerns
Japan's geopolitical environment, particularly in the Indo-Pacific region, drives the need for advanced destroyers. For instance, the Stockholm International Peace Research Institute (SIPRI) estimates that North Korea possessed approximately 20 nuclear weapons and sufficient fissile material for 45 to 55 nuclear devices as of January 2022. In the 12 years following its first detonation test in 2006, North Korea has conducted six nuclear tests, with explosion yield increasing steadily from less than 1 kiloton in the first test to 160 kilotons in the sixth test.
In addition, in East Asia, the balance of power has been shifting rapidly in favor of China. According to SIPRI, while US defense expenditures increased by 2.7% between 2013 and 2022, China's defense spending soared by 63 percent in the same period. In absolute terms, US remained in first place globally, spending US$ 877 billion in 2022, while China was in second place at US$ 292 billion. However, it must be noted that while US military is globally committed, the Chinese military is only regionally engaged.
Moreover, Japan has decided to spend more on defense. However, given the two-theater commitment that it now makes, the security commitments that Japan-and US-can make to the defense of South Korea will likely decline in the future. Japan is already shifting its attention away from the Korean Peninsula toward the Taiwan Strait. Thus, above factors helps to boost the market growth.
Government Defense Policies and Budgets
Japan's government defense policies and budgets are critical drivers of the destroyer market, reflecting the nation's commitment to enhancing maritime security amidst regional tensions. The Japanese government, under its National Defense Program Guidelines (NDPG) and the Medium-Term Defense Program (MTDP), prioritizes naval modernization to counter emerging threats in the Indo-Pacific. The policies emphasize strengthening Japan's Self-Defense Forces (SDF), particularly its Maritime Self-Defense Force (JMSDF), by allocating significant funds to procure and upgrade destroyers with advanced capabilities.
For instance, in 2023, Japan plans to begin the construction of the two destroyers, known as the Aegis System Equipped Vessels (ASEV), in Fiscal Year 2024 and FY 2025, respectively, with commissionings in 2027 and 2028. Japan will spend 373.1 billion yen or US$ 2.6 billion, in FY 2024 funding for the destroyers. That amount is a slight reduction from the 379.7 billion yen or US$ 2.64 billion, that the Ministry sought in its August FY 2024 budget request.
In addition, in 2024, Japan's Ministry of Defense (MoD) formally inked contracts for the production of two new-build naval destroyers being equipped with the AEGIS air warfare battle management system. The new vessels - referred to as Aegis System Equipped Vessels (ASEVs) - are planned for commissioning in 2027 and 2028.
The Japanese MoD is spending JPY272.1 billion (US$ 1.89 billion) for the two vessels, with the first contract awarded to Mitsubishi Heavy Industries (MHI) at the cost of JPY139.7 billion and the second going to Japan Marine United Corp. for JPY132.4 billion. MHI will deliver its vessel in 2027, with Japan Marine's following a year later. Therefore, Japan's government defense policies and increasing budgets directly drive the destroyer market by enabling procurement, modernization and the integration of cutting-edge technologies.
Restraints
High Costs of Development and Maintenance
The high costs associated with the development, procurement and maintenance of advanced destroyers significantly restrain the growth of the Japan destroyer market. The vessels are among the most expensive assets in a naval fleet due to their cutting-edge technology, complex systems and specialized requirements. For instance, the Maya-class destroyers, equipped with the Aegis Ballistic Missile Defense system, cost approximately ¥173 billion (US$ 1.6 billion) each. Such substantial upfront investment limits the number of ships that can be produced within a given budget cycle.
Additionally, the ongoing operational and maintenance expenses further strain financial resources. Advanced systems like phased-array radars, missile interceptors and stealth technologies require regular upgrades and specialized personnel for upkeep. The increasing use of artificial intelligence and cybersecurity measures adds another layer of cost, as these systems must be continually updated to remain effective against evolving threats. Therefore, the high costs of development and maintenance constrain the scale and pace of the Japan destroyer market.
The Japan destroyer market is segmented based on type, propulsion system, technology and end-user.
Demand for Propulsion System Drives the Segment Growth
The Nuclear-Powered Destroyers segment is expected to dominate with over 35% of the market during the forecast period 2024-2031. The potential adoption of nuclear-powered destroyers represents a transformative development in Japan's naval capabilities, driving market growth by addressing critical operational and strategic needs.
Nuclear-powered destroyers offer unparalleled advantages in endurance, speed and operational range, making them ideal for long-term deployments and missions in contested waters. This capability aligns with Japan's focus on countering regional threats, such as China's expanding naval presence in the Indo-Pacific and securing critical maritime trade routes.
Although Japan currently operates conventionally powered destroyers, discussions about nuclear propulsion technology have gained attention as part of the broader defense modernization agenda. The operational benefits of nuclear-powered vessels, such as reduced refueling needs and enhanced power capacity for advanced weapons and sensors, are driving interest. For instance, integrating nuclear propulsion could support high-energy systems like directed-energy weapons or advanced radar, crucial for countering hypersonic missiles-a growing concern in the region.
The major global players in the Japan Destroyer market include General Dynamics, BAE Systems, Mitsubishi Heavy Industries, Lockheed Martin, Navantia, Kawasaki Heavy Industries, Rolls-Royce, Thales Group, Northrop Grumman and Fincantieri.
The Japan destroyer market report would provide approximately 45 tables, 33 figures and 201 pages.
Target Audience 2024
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