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市场调查报告书
商品编码
1985989

塑胶替代品：全球永续包装市场（2026-2036）

Beyond Plastic: The Global Sustainable Packaging Market 2026-2036
出版日期: | 出版商: Future Markets, Inc. | 英文 732 Pages, 227 Tables, 130 Figures | 订单完成后即时交付

价格

全球包装产业正处于关键的转折点。其市场规模超过1兆美元，是全球最大的製造业之一，也是最受关注的产业之一。塑胶虽然占主导地位，约占软包装的三分之二，但也已成为线性经济的象征，面临着来自消费者、监管机构和品牌所有者的日益增长的压力，要求其逐步淘汰塑胶包装。预计在2026年至2036年的十年间，永续包装将从一项小众倡议转变为几乎所有终端市场的结构性要求。

永续包装的定义不再仅限于其材料。从艾伦·麦克阿瑟基金会的循环经济原则到欧盟的 "包装和包装废弃物法规" ，许多关键框架都将永续包装定义为在设计时充分考虑其整个生命週期的产品。具体而言，这指的是使用可再生或回收原材料、低能耗低碳排放、优化回收和堆肥、并在使用后可在生物或技术材料循环中重复利用的包装。更重要的是，它还必须满足商业规模所需的功能性、食品安全性和成本要求。由于多种因素的共同作用，全球永续包装材料市场正在快速增长，这些因素包括欧洲、北美和亚洲的监管压力，品牌所有者加速推进使用回收材料和实现碳减排目标，消费者越来越愿意为可靠且可持续的产品支付溢价，以及一系列材料和技术创新正在创造出真正具有成本竞争力的传统塑料可持续替代品。主要材料类别包括生物基和可生物降解聚合物，例如PLA、PHA、PBAT和淀粉混合物；纸张、纤维、模塑纸浆、纤维素薄膜；用于高级再利用应用的铝和玻璃；以及新型材料，例如菌丝复合材料、海藻基薄膜和蛋白质基生物塑胶。

阻隔技术是实现永续包装转型的关键层。传统多层塑胶复合材料（具有优异的抗氧、抗湿和抗油性能）与可持续的单一材料或纸基替代品之间的功能性能差距，历来是商业上替代的主要障碍。然而，这一差距正在迅速缩小。包括生物基聚乙烯醇（PVOH）和乙烯-乙烯醇共聚物（EVOH）、热塑性聚合物涂层、硅酮和天然蜡体係以及新一代奈米纤维素和矿物基涂层在内的可持续阻隔涂层，使得纸张和纤维基材能够满足食品饮料和製药应用领域严格的保质期和食品安全要求。

这项转型也带来了复杂的挑战。可堆肥包装面临基础设施的限制，而将生物塑胶整合到传统的塑胶回收流程中仍然是一项技术和监管方面的挑战。此外，儘管化学回收技术正在发展，但其成本尚未达到原生聚合物生产的水平，而且生物基原料的经济性易受农业市场週期和政策支持的影响。在耐油食品包装应用中逐步淘汰 PFAS，既带来了紧迫性，也为寻找替代阻隔解决方案提供了机会。

本报告考察了全球永续包装市场，并对材料、技术、市场区隔、应用和竞争格局进行了详细分析。

目录

第一章 摘要整理

  • 全球包装市场
  • 什么是永续包装？
  • 阻隔涂层的市场定义与分类
  • 永续包装材料的全球市场
  • 可持续阻隔涂层的全球市场
  • 永续包装材料的主要类型
  • 价格
  • 商业产品
  • 市场趋势
  • 市场驱动因素
  • 可生物降解和可堆肥包装的挑战
  • 废弃产品的处理：回收与生物降解
  • 市场机遇

第二章 引言

  • 市场概览
  • 永续包装材料的类型
  • 包装生命週期
  • 纸质和塑胶包装的展望

第三章 包装中的永续材料

  • 材料创新
  • 活性包装
  • 单一材料包装
  • 常用的传统聚合物材料包装
  • 合成生物基包装材料
  • 天然生物基包装材料
  • 永续阻隔涂层
  • 永续包装黏合剂

第四章 监理环境与合规性

  • PFAS法规及分阶段淘汰计划
  • 一次性塑胶指令
  • 包装及包装废弃物法规 (PPWR)
  • REACH法规及化学品安全要求
  • 食品接触法规及安全要求
  • 生产者延伸责任制
  • 欧盟成员国循环经济行动计划
  • 包装标籤、数位产品护照及资讯要求
  • 北美监管环境
  • 亚太地区监理发展
  • 新兴市场监理趋势
  • 合规策略：产业联盟、合作架构及认证

第五章 包装材料的回收

  • 机械回收
  • 先进化学回收
  • 处理能力
  • 全球聚合物需求：依回收技术划分（2022-2040 年）
  • 全球市场规模：依回收製程划分（2020-2024 年）（吨）
  • 化学回收塑胶製品
  • 市场地图
  • 价值链
  • 先进塑胶回收製程的生命週期评估 (LCA)
  • 热解
  • 气化
  • 溶解
  • 解聚
  • 其他先进化学回收技术
  • 涂层材料回收的挑战
  • 黏合剂对可回收性的影响

第六章 市场与应用领域

  • 纸和纸板包装
  • 食品包装
  • 软包装
  • 硬包装
  • 碳回收衍生包装材料
  • 永续阻隔涂层
  • 永续活性智慧包装
  • 包装用生物黏合剂

第七章 公司简介（331家公司简介）

第八章 研究方法

第九章 参考文献

The global packaging industry stands at a defining inflection point. Valued at more than $1 trillion, it is one of the world's largest manufacturing sectors - and one of its most scrutinised. Plastics dominate, accounting for nearly two-thirds of flexible packaging formats, yet they have become the symbol of a linear economy that consumers, regulators, and brand owners are under mounting pressure to dismantle. The decade from 2026 to 2036 will be the period in which sustainable packaging transitions from a niche commitment to a structural requirement across virtually every end-use market.

Sustainable packaging is no longer defined simply by the materials from which it is made. The leading frameworks - from the Ellen MacArthur Foundation's circular economy principles to the EU's Packaging and Packaging Waste Regulation - define it as packaging designed across its entire lifecycle: from renewable or recycled feedstocks, manufactured with lower energy and carbon intensity, optimised for recyclability or compostability, and capable of re-entering biological or technical material cycles at end of life. Crucially, it must also meet the functional, food safety, and cost requirements demanded at commercial scale.

The global market for sustainable packaging materials is growing rapidly, driven by converging forces: legislative pressure in Europe, North America, and Asia; accelerating brand owner commitments to recycled content and carbon reduction targets; growing consumer willingness to pay a premium for credibly sustainable products; and a wave of material and technology innovation that is making sustainable alternatives genuinely cost-competitive with conventional plastics. Key material categories include bio-based and biodegradable polymers such as PLA, PHA, PBAT, and starch blends; paper, fibre, and moulded pulp formats; cellulose-based films; aluminium and glass for premium reusable applications; and emerging materials including mycelium composites, seaweed-based films, and protein-based bioplastics.

Barrier technology is the critical enabling layer of the sustainable packaging transition. The functional performance gap between conventional multilayer plastic laminates - which deliver outstanding oxygen, moisture, and grease resistance - and sustainable monomaterial or paper-based alternatives has historically been the primary commercial obstacle to substitution. That gap is now closing rapidly. Sustainable barrier coatings - including bio-based PVOH and EVOH, thermoplastic polymer coatings, silicone and natural wax systems, and next-generation nanocellulose and mineral coatings - are enabling paper and fibre substrates to meet the shelf-life and food safety requirements of demanding food, beverage, and pharmaceutical applications.

The transition is not without complexity. Compostable packaging faces infrastructure constraints; the contamination of conventional plastic recycling streams by bioplastics remains a live technical and regulatory challenge; chemical recycling technologies are scaling but not yet cost-parity with virgin polymer production; and the economics of bio-based feedstocks remain sensitive to agricultural commodity cycles and policy support. PFAS phase-outs across grease-resistant food packaging applications are creating both urgency and opportunity for alternative barrier solutions.

Beyond Plastic: The Global Sustainable Packaging Market 2026-2036 is a comprehensive market intelligence report providing in-depth analysis of the materials, technologies, market segments, applications, and competitive landscape shaping the global transition to sustainable packaging. Drawing on primary interviews with manufacturers and technology developers, quantitative market forecasting, lifecycle assessment data, and commercial case studies, the report equips strategic planners, investors, material scientists, packaging technologists, and brand owners with the intelligence required to navigate one of the most rapidly evolving sectors in global manufacturing.

The report is structured across six substantive chapters:

  • Executive Summary - Key market data, sizing, and forecasts for sustainable packaging by material type, packaging format, end-use market, and geography, including revenue and volume data from 2023 to 2036, material pricing benchmarks, leading commercial products, market trends, growth drivers, and the principal challenges facing biodegradable and compostable packaging adoption.
  • Introduction - A detailed framework for sustainable packaging, covering definitions, material typologies (biodegradable, compostable, bio-based, reusable, and upcycled), packaging lifecycle analysis from raw material sourcing through manufacturing, distribution, use, and end-of-life, and a structured overview of sustainable barrier coatings and packaging adhesive systems.
  • Sustainable Materials in Packaging - Technical deep-dives into the full spectrum of sustainable packaging materials, including conventional polymer comparisons; synthetic bio-based polymers (PLA, Bio-PET, Bio-PTT, Bio-PEF, Bio-PA, PBAT, PBS, Bio-PP); natural bio-based materials (PHA, starch blends, cellulose and nanocellulose, protein-based bioplastics, lipids and waxes, seaweed, and mycelium); sustainable barrier coatings; and sustainable adhesive technologies spanning waterborne, solvent-borne, hot melt, and radiation-curable systems.
  • Packaging Recycling - Analysis of the full recycling technology landscape, including mechanical recycling, advanced chemical recycling (pyrolysis, gasification, dissolution, and depolymerisation), global recycling capacities, life cycle assessments, recycling challenges for coated and multilayer materials, and the impact of adhesive systems on recyclability.
  • Markets and Applications - Sector-by-sector market analysis covering paper and board packaging, food packaging, flexible packaging, rigid packaging, carbon-capture-derived materials, sustainable barrier coatings markets, and packaging adhesives, with quantitative forecasts, commercial examples, and competitive dynamics for each segment.
  • Company Profiles - Detailed profiles of >300 companies active across the sustainable packaging value chain, from material developers and converters to technology providers and brand-led innovators.

The report profiles the following companies: 9Fiber, Acorn Pulp Group, Actega, ADBioplastics, Advanced Biochemical (Thailand), Advanced Paper Forming, Aeropowder, AGRANA Staerke, Agrosustain, Ahlstrom-Munksjo, AIM Sweden, Akorn Technology, Alberta Innovates/Innotech Materials, Alter Eco Pulp, Alterpacks, AmicaTerra, An Phat Bioplastics, Anellotech, Ankor Bioplastics, ANPOLY, Apeel Sciences, Applied Bioplastics, Aquapak Polymers, Aquaspersions, Archer Daniel Midland (ADM), Archipelago Technology Group, Archroma, Arekapak, Arkema, Arrow Greentech, Attis Innovations, Asahi Kasei Chemicals, Avantium, Avani Eco, Avient Corporation, Balrampur Chini Mills, BASF, Berry Global, Be Green Packaging, Bioelements Group, Bio Fab NZ, BIO-FED, Biofibre, Biokemik, BIOLO, BioLogiQ, BIO-LUTIONS International, Biomass Resin Holdings, Biome Bioplastics, BIOTEC, Bio2Coat, Bioform Technologies, Biovox, Bioplastech, BioSmart Nano, BlockTexx, Blue Ocean Closures, Bluepha, BOBST, Borealis, Borregaard Chemcell, Brightplus, Buhl Paperform, Business Innovation Partners, CapaTec, Carbiolice, Carbios, Cass Materials, Cardia Bioplastics, CARAPAC, Celanese, Cellugy, Cellutech (Stora Enso), Celwise, Chemol Company (Seydel), Chemkey Advanced Materials Technology, Chinova Bioworks, Cirkla, CJ Biomaterials, CKF, Coastgrass, Constantia Flexibles, Corumat, Cruz Foam, CuanTec, Cullen Eco-Friendly Packaging, Daicel Polymer, Daio Paper, Danimer Scientific, DIC Corporation, DIC Products, DisSolves, DKS, Dow, DuFor Resins, DuPont, E6PR, EarthForm, Earthodic, Eastman Chemical, Ecologic Brands, Ecomann Biotechnology, Eco-Products, Eco-SQ, Ecoshell, EcoSynthetix, Ecovative Design, Ecovia Renewables and more......

TABLE OF CONTENTS

1 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY

  • 1.1 The Global Packaging Market
  • 1.2 What is sustainable packaging?
    • 1.2.1 Compostable Packaging
    • 1.2.2 Bioplastics Recycling Lifecycle
    • 1.2.3 Commercial Examples
      • 1.2.3.1 Coca-Cola and I LOHAS
      • 1.2.3.2 CJ CheilJedang
      • 1.2.3.3 Coca-Cola Initiatives in the Philippines
      • 1.2.3.4 Listerine Wash-Off Sleeve and 30% rPET Bottle
      • 1.2.3.5 TIPA Compostable Films
      • 1.2.3.6 Futamura NatureFlex
      • 1.2.3.7 Vegware
      • 1.2.3.8 Notpla's Seaweed-Based Barrier Coating
      • 1.2.3.9 Kelpi
      • 1.2.3.10 PlantSea
      • 1.2.3.11 Zero Circle
      • 1.2.3.12 B'Zeos
      • 1.2.3.13 Traceless Materials
      • 1.2.3.14 Fiberpac
      • 1.2.3.15 Xampla Morro
      • 1.2.3.16 ReStalk
      • 1.2.3.17 Releaf Paper
      • 1.2.3.18 HUID
      • 1.2.3.19 ReZip
      • 1.2.3.20 Hipli
      • 1.2.3.21 Kiud
      • 1.2.3.22 L'Oreal
    • 1.2.4 Waste Hierarchy
    • 1.2.5 EMF Global Commitment Signatories
      • 1.2.5.1 EMF Global Commitment - Targets and Progress
      • 1.2.5.2 EMF Global Commitment - Achievements Against PCR Targets
  • 1.3 Market Definitions and Classifications for Barrier Coatings
  • 1.4 The Global Market for Sustainable Packaging
    • 1.4.1 By packaging materials
      • 1.4.1.1 Tonnes
      • 1.4.1.2 Revenues
    • 1.4.2 By packaging product type
      • 1.4.2.1 Tonnes
      • 1.4.2.2 Revenues
    • 1.4.3 By end-use market
      • 1.4.3.1 Tonnes
      • 1.4.3.2 Revenues
    • 1.4.4 By region
      • 1.4.4.1 Tonnes
      • 1.4.4.2 Revenues
  • 1.5 The Global Market for Sustainable Barrier Coatings
  • 1.6 Main types of Sustainable Packaging Materials
    • 1.6.1 Cellulose acetate
    • 1.6.2 PLA
    • 1.6.3 Aliphatic-aromatic co-polyesters
    • 1.6.4 PHA
    • 1.6.5 Starch/starch blends
  • 1.7 Prices
  • 1.8 Commercial products
  • 1.9 Market Trends
  • 1.10 Market Drivers
    • 1.10.1 Regulatory Mandates and PFAS Phase-Out Impact
    • 1.10.2 Circular Economy Initiatives and Recyclability Requirements
    • 1.10.3 Consumer Demand for Sustainable Packaging
    • 1.10.4 E-Commerce Growth and Packaging Performance Needs
    • 1.10.5 Brand Owner Sustainability Commitments
  • 1.11 Challenges for Biodegradable and Compostable Packaging
  • 1.12 End-of-Life: Recycling vs Biodegradability
  • 1.13 Market Opportunities
    • 1.13.1 PFAS Replacement Market Opportunity
    • 1.13.2 Adjacent Market Expansion
    • 1.13.3 Geographic Expansion in Emerging Markets
    • 1.13.4 Value-Added Service Opportunities

2 INTRODUCTION

  • 2.1 Market overview
  • 2.2 Types of sustainable packaging materials
    • 2.2.1 Biodegradable and Compostable Materials
      • 2.2.1.1 PLA (Polylactic Acid)
      • 2.2.1.2 Bagasse
      • 2.2.1.3 Mushroom Packaging
      • 2.2.1.4 Seaweed-Based Materials
    • 2.2.2 Paper and Fiber-Based Materials
      • 2.2.2.1 Recycled Paper/Cardboard
      • 2.2.2.2 Molded Pulp
      • 2.2.2.3 Bamboo Packaging
    • 2.2.3 Bio-Based Plastics
      • 2.2.3.1 Bio-PE and Bio-PET
      • 2.2.3.2 PHAs (Polyhydroxyalkanoates)
    • 2.2.4 Reusable and Upcycled Materials
      • 2.2.4.1 Glass
      • 2.2.4.2 Aluminium
      • 2.2.4.3 Upcycled Agricultural Waste
    • 2.2.5 Other Materials
      • 2.2.5.1 Edible Packaging
      • 2.2.5.2 Cellulose-Based Films
      • 2.2.5.3 Algae-Based Materials
  • 2.3 Packaging lifecycle
    • 2.3.1 Raw materials
    • 2.3.2 Manufacturing
    • 2.3.3 Transport
    • 2.3.4 Packaging in-use
    • 2.3.5 End of life
  • 2.4 Outlook for paper vs plastic packaging

3 SUSTAINABLE MATERIALS IN PACKAGING

  • 3.1 Materials innovation
  • 3.2 Active packaging
  • 3.3 Monomaterial packaging
  • 3.4 Conventional polymer materials used in packaging
    • 3.4.1 Polyolefins: Polypropylene and polyethylene
      • 3.4.1.1 Overview
      • 3.4.1.2 Grades
      • 3.4.1.3 Producers
    • 3.4.2 PET and other polyester polymers
      • 3.4.2.1 Overview
    • 3.4.3 Renewable and bio-based polymers for packaging
    • 3.4.4 Comparison of synthetic fossil-based and bio-based polymers
    • 3.4.5 Processes for bioplastics in packaging
    • 3.4.6 End-of-life treatment of bio-based and sustainable packaging
  • 3.5 Synthetic bio-based packaging materials
    • 3.5.1 Polylactic acid (Bio-PLA)
      • 3.5.1.1 Overview
      • 3.5.1.2 Properties
      • 3.5.1.3 Applications
      • 3.5.1.4 Advantages
      • 3.5.1.5 Challenges
      • 3.5.1.6 Commercial examples
    • 3.5.2 Polyethylene terephthalate (Bio-PET)
      • 3.5.2.1 Overview
      • 3.5.2.2 Properties
      • 3.5.2.3 Applications
      • 3.5.2.4 Advantages of Bio-PET in Packaging
      • 3.5.2.5 Challenges and Limitations
      • 3.5.2.6 Commercial examples
    • 3.5.3 Polytrimethylene terephthalate (Bio-PTT)
      • 3.5.3.1 Overview
      • 3.5.3.2 Production Process
      • 3.5.3.3 Properties
      • 3.5.3.4 Applications
      • 3.5.3.5 Advantages of Bio-PTT in Packaging
      • 3.5.3.6 Challenges and Limitations
      • 3.5.3.7 Commercial examples
    • 3.5.4 Polyethylene furanoate (Bio-PEF)
      • 3.5.4.1 Overview
      • 3.5.4.2 Properties
      • 3.5.4.3 Applications
      • 3.5.4.4 Advantages of Bio-PEF in Packaging
      • 3.5.4.5 Challenges and Limitations
      • 3.5.4.6 Commercial examples
    • 3.5.5 Bio-PA
      • 3.5.5.1 Overview
      • 3.5.5.2 Properties
      • 3.5.5.3 Applications in Packaging
      • 3.5.5.4 Advantages of Bio-PA in Packaging
      • 3.5.5.5 Challenges and Limitations
      • 3.5.5.6 Commercial examples
    • 3.5.6 Poly(butylene adipate-co-terephthalate) (Bio-PBAT)- Aliphatic aromatic copolyesters
      • 3.5.6.1 Overview
      • 3.5.6.2 Properties
      • 3.5.6.3 Applications in Packaging
      • 3.5.6.4 Advantages of Bio-PBAT in Packaging
      • 3.5.6.5 Challenges and Limitations
      • 3.5.6.6 Commercial examples
    • 3.5.7 Polybutylene succinate (PBS) and copolymers
      • 3.5.7.1 Overview
      • 3.5.7.2 Properties
      • 3.5.7.3 Applications in Packaging
      • 3.5.7.4 Advantages of Bio-PBS and Co-polymers in Packaging
      • 3.5.7.5 Challenges and Limitations
      • 3.5.7.6 Commercial examples
    • 3.5.8 Polypropylene (Bio-PP)
      • 3.5.8.1 Overview
      • 3.5.8.2 Properties
      • 3.5.8.3 Applications in Packaging
      • 3.5.8.4 Advantages of Bio-PP in Packaging
      • 3.5.8.5 Challenges and Limitations
      • 3.5.8.6 Commercial examples
  • 3.6 Natural bio-based packaging materials
    • 3.6.1 Polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHA)
      • 3.6.1.1 Properties
      • 3.6.1.2 Applications in Packaging
      • 3.6.1.3 Advantages of PHA in Packaging
      • 3.6.1.4 Challenges and Limitations
      • 3.6.1.5 Commercial examples
    • 3.6.2 Starch-based blends
      • 3.6.2.1 Overview
      • 3.6.2.2 Properties
      • 3.6.2.3 Applications in Packaging
      • 3.6.2.4 Advantages of Starch-Based Blends in Packaging
      • 3.6.2.5 Challenges and Limitations
      • 3.6.2.6 Commercial examples
    • 3.6.3 Cellulose
      • 3.6.3.1 Feedstocks
        • 3.6.3.1.1 Wood
        • 3.6.3.1.2 Plant
        • 3.6.3.1.3 Tunicate
        • 3.6.3.1.4 Algae
        • 3.6.3.1.5 Bacteria
      • 3.6.3.2 Microfibrillated cellulose (MFC)
        • 3.6.3.2.1 Properties
      • 3.6.3.3 Nanocellulose
        • 3.6.3.3.1 Cellulose nanocrystals
          • 3.6.3.3.1.1 Applications in packaging
        • 3.6.3.3.2 Cellulose nanofibers
          • 3.6.3.3.2.1 Applications in packaging
        • 3.6.3.3.3 Bacterial Nanocellulose (BNC)
          • 3.6.3.3.3.1 Applications in packaging
      • 3.6.3.4 Commercial examples
    • 3.6.4 Protein-based bioplastics in packaging
      • 3.6.4.1 Feedstocks
      • 3.6.4.2 Commercial examples
    • 3.6.5 Lipids and waxes for packaging
      • 3.6.5.1 Overview
      • 3.6.5.2 Commercial examples
    • 3.6.6 Seaweed-based packaging
      • 3.6.6.1 Overview
      • 3.6.6.2 Production
      • 3.6.6.3 Applications in packaging
      • 3.6.6.4 Producers
    • 3.6.7 Mycelium
      • 3.6.7.1 Overview
      • 3.6.7.2 Applications in packaging
      • 3.6.7.3 Commercial examples
    • 3.6.8 Chitosan
      • 3.6.8.1 Overview
      • 3.6.8.2 Applications in packaging
      • 3.6.8.3 Commercial examples
    • 3.6.9 Bio-naphtha
      • 3.6.9.1 Overview
      • 3.6.9.2 Markets and applications
      • 3.6.9.3 Commercial examples
  • 3.7 Sustainable Barrier Coatings
    • 3.7.1 Substrates: Paper and Plastic
      • 3.7.1.1 Paper substrate characteristics and coating requirements
      • 3.7.1.2 Plastic substrate applications and sustainability challenges
      • 3.7.1.3 Substrate selection criteria and performance trade-offs
    • 3.7.2 Extrusion Barrier Coatings
    • 3.7.3 Thermoplastic Polymers
    • 3.7.4 Aluminium
    • 3.7.5 Waxes
    • 3.7.6 Silicone and Other Natural Materials
    • 3.7.7 High Barrier Polymers
    • 3.7.8 Wet-Barrier Coatings
      • 3.7.8.1 Application methods and process optimization
      • 3.7.8.2 Performance benchmarking against alternatives
      • 3.7.8.3 Environmental impact assessment
      • 3.7.8.4 Market adoption patterns
    • 3.7.9 Wax Coating
    • 3.7.10 Barrier Metallisation
      • 3.7.10.1 Technology overview and application scope
      • 3.7.10.2 Performance advantages in barrier applications
      • 3.7.10.3 Sustainability challenges and recycling impact
    • 3.7.11 Biodegradable, biobased and recyclable coatings
    • 3.7.12 Monolayer Coatings
    • 3.7.13 Current Technology State-of-the-Art
      • 3.7.13.1 Water-based coating technologies
      • 3.7.13.2 Bio-based polymer solutions
        • 3.7.13.2.1 Polysaccharides
          • 3.7.13.2.1.1 Chitin
          • 3.7.13.2.1.2 Chitosan
          • 3.7.13.2.1.3 Starch
        • 3.7.13.2.2 Poly(lactic acid) (PLA)
        • 3.7.13.2.3 Poly(butylene Succinate)(PBS)
        • 3.7.13.2.4 Polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHA)
        • 3.7.13.2.5 Alginate
        • 3.7.13.2.6 Cellulose Acetate
        • 3.7.13.2.7 Protein-Based (Soy, Wheat)
        • 3.7.13.2.8 Bio-PE (Polyethylene)
        • 3.7.13.2.9 Bio-PET
        • 3.7.13.2.10 Lignin-Based Polymers
        • 3.7.13.2.11 Bacterial Cellulose
        • 3.7.13.2.12 Furan-Based Polymers (PEF)
        • 3.7.13.2.13 Tannin-Based Polymers
    • 3.7.14 Rosins
      • 3.7.14.1 Dispersion Coating Systems
      • 3.7.14.2 Nano-enhanced Barrier Materials
    • 3.7.15 Global Bioplastics Production Capacity
  • 3.8 Sustainable Packaging Adhesives
    • 3.8.1 Waterborne adhesives
      • 3.8.1.1 Acrylic-copolymer adhesives
      • 3.8.1.2 VAE (vinyl acetate ethylene) adhesives
      • 3.8.1.3 PVAc (polyvinyl acetate) adhesives
      • 3.8.1.4 Natural-based adhesives
    • 3.8.2 Solvent-borne/reactive systems
      • 3.8.2.1 Acrylic adhesives
      • 3.8.2.2 Synthetic elastomer adhesives
      • 3.8.2.3 Polyurethane adhesives
    • 3.8.3 Hot melt adhesives
      • 3.8.3.1 EVA (ethylene vinyl acetate) hot melts
      • 3.8.3.2 Polyolefin hot melts
      • 3.8.3.3 Bio-based hot melts
      • 3.8.3.4 Polyamide hot melts
    • 3.8.4 Radiation-curable adhesives
      • 3.8.4.1 UV-curable systems
      • 3.8.4.2 Electron beam curable adhesives

4 REGULATORY ENVIRONMENT AND COMPLIANCE

  • 4.1 PFAS Restrictions and Phase-Out Schedules
  • 4.2 Single-Use Plastics Directive
  • 4.3 Packaging and Packaging Waste Regulation (PPWR)
  • 4.4 REACH and Chemical Safety Requirements
  • 4.5 Food Contact Regulations and Safety Requirements
  • 4.6 Extended Producer Responsibility Schemes
  • 4.7 EU Member State Circular Economy Action Plans
  • 4.8 On-Pack Labelling, Digital Product Passports, and Information Requirements
  • 4.9 North American Regulatory Environment
  • 4.10 Asia-Pacific Regulatory Development
  • 4.11 Emerging Market Regulatory Development
  • 4.12 Compliance Strategies: Industry Consortiums, Collaborative Frameworks, and Certification

5 PACKAGING RECYCLING

  • 5.1 Mechanical recycling
    • 5.1.1 Closed-loop mechanical recycling
    • 5.1.2 Open-loop mechanical recycling
    • 5.1.3 Polymer types, use, and recovery
  • 5.2 Advanced chemical recycling
    • 5.2.1 Main streams of plastic waste
    • 5.2.2 Comparison of mechanical and advanced chemical recycling
  • 5.3 Capacities
  • 5.4 Global polymer demand 2022-2040, segmented by recycling technology
  • 5.5 Global market by recycling process 2020-2024, metric tons
  • 5.6 Chemically recycled plastic products
  • 5.7 Market map
  • 5.8 Value chain
  • 5.9 Life Cycle Assessments (LCA) of advanced plastics recycling processes
  • 5.10 Pyrolysis
    • 5.10.1 Non-catalytic
    • 5.10.2 Catalytic
      • 5.10.2.1 Polystyrene pyrolysis
      • 5.10.2.2 Pyrolysis for production of bio fuel
      • 5.10.2.3 Used tires pyrolysis
        • 5.10.2.3.1 Conversion to biofuel
      • 5.10.2.4 Co-pyrolysis of biomass and plastic wastes
    • 5.10.3 SWOT analysis
    • 5.10.4 Companies and capacities
  • 5.11 Gasification
    • 5.11.1 Technology overview
      • 5.11.1.1 Syngas conversion to methanol
      • 5.11.1.2 Biomass gasification and syngas fermentation
      • 5.11.1.3 Biomass gasification and syngas thermochemical conversion
    • 5.11.2 SWOT analysis
    • 5.11.3 Companies and capacities (current and planned)
  • 5.12 Dissolution
    • 5.12.1 Technology overview
    • 5.12.2 SWOT analysis
    • 5.12.3 Companies and capacities (current and planned)
  • 5.13 Depolymerisation
    • 5.13.1 Hydrolysis
      • 5.13.1.1 Technology overview
      • 5.13.1.2 SWOT analysis
    • 5.13.2 Enzymolysis
      • 5.13.2.1 Technology overview
      • 5.13.2.2 SWOT analysis
    • 5.13.3 Methanolysis
      • 5.13.3.1 Technology overview
      • 5.13.3.2 SWOT analysis
    • 5.13.4 Glycolysis
      • 5.13.4.1 Technology overview
      • 5.13.4.2 SWOT analysis
    • 5.13.5 Aminolysis
      • 5.13.5.1 Technology overview
      • 5.13.5.2 SWOT analysis
    • 5.13.6 Companies and capacities (current and planned)
  • 5.14 Other advanced chemical recycling technologies
    • 5.14.1 Hydrothermal cracking
    • 5.14.2 Pyrolysis with in-line reforming
    • 5.14.3 Microwave-assisted pyrolysis
    • 5.14.4 Plasma pyrolysis
    • 5.14.5 Plasma gasification
    • 5.14.6 Supercritical fluids
  • 5.15 Recycling challenges for coated materials
    • 5.15.1 Material recovery facility (MRF) challenges
    • 5.15.2 AI and optical sorting technologies
    • 5.15.3 Recycling by design principles
    • 5.15.4 Mono-material coating approaches
  • 5.16 Adhesive Impact on Recyclability
    • 5.16.1 Debonding technologies
    • 5.16.2 Water-washable adhesive systems
    • 5.16.3 Adhesive contamination in recycling streams
    • 5.16.4 Design for recycling guidelines

6 MARKETS AND APPLICATIONS

  • 6.1 PAPER AND BOARD PACKAGING
    • 6.1.1 Market overview
    • 6.1.2 Recycled Paper and Cardboard
      • 6.1.2.1 Post-consumer recycled (PCR) content paperboard
      • 6.1.2.2 Kraft paper made from recycled fibers
      • 6.1.2.3 Corrugated cardboard with high recycled content
    • 6.1.3 FSC/PEFC Certified Virgin Fibers
      • 6.1.3.1 Sustainably managed forest sources
      • 6.1.3.2 Chain-of-custody certified materials
    • 6.1.4 Alternative Fiber Sources
      • 6.1.4.1 Bamboo-based paper and board
      • 6.1.4.2 Agricultural waste fibers (wheat straw, sugarcane bagasse)
      • 6.1.4.3 Hemp and flax fiber papers
    • 6.1.5 Plastic-Free Barrier Papers
      • 6.1.5.1 Clay-coated papers
      • 6.1.5.2 Silicone-coated papers
      • 6.1.5.3 Mineral oil barrier papers
    • 6.1.6 Water-Based Coatings and Adhesives
      • 6.1.6.1 Replacing plastic laminations with aqueous coatings
      • 6.1.6.2 Plant-based adhesives for box construction
    • 6.1.7 Global market size and forecast to 2036
      • 6.1.7.1 Tonnes
      • 6.1.7.2 Revenues
  • 6.2 FOOD PACKAGING
    • 6.2.1 Films and trays
    • 6.2.2 Pouches and bags
    • 6.2.3 Textiles and nets
    • 6.2.4 Compostable Food Containers
      • 6.2.4.1 PLA (polylactic acid) trays and containers
      • 6.2.4.2 Bagasse food service items
      • 6.2.4.3 Molded fiber clamshells and trays
    • 6.2.5 Biodegradable Films and Wraps
      • 6.2.5.1 Cellulose-based films
      • 6.2.5.2 PLA films for food wrapping
      • 6.2.5.3 Starch-based wraps
    • 6.2.6 Bio-Based Barrier Materials
      • 6.2.6.1 Paper with biopolymer coatings
      • 6.2.6.2 Plant-based waxes for moisture resistance
      • 6.2.6.3 Microfibrillated cellulose (MFC) coatings
    • 6.2.7 Reusable Food Packaging Systems
      • 6.2.7.1 Returnable Glass Containers
      • 6.2.7.2 Durable Bioplastic Containers
      • 6.2.7.3 Loop-Style Reuse Systems
    • 6.2.8 Bioadhesives
      • 6.2.8.1 Starch
      • 6.2.8.2 Cellulose
      • 6.2.8.3 Protein-Based
    • 6.2.9 Barrier coatings and films
      • 6.2.9.1 Polysaccharides
        • 6.2.9.1.1 Chitin
        • 6.2.9.1.2 Chitosan
        • 6.2.9.1.3 Starch
      • 6.2.9.2 Poly(lactic acid) (PLA)
      • 6.2.9.3 Poly(butylene Succinate)
      • 6.2.9.4 Functional Lipid and Proteins Based Coatings
    • 6.2.10 Active and Smart Food Packaging
      • 6.2.10.1 Active Materials and Packaging Systems
      • 6.2.10.2 Intelligent and Smart Food Packaging
      • 6.2.10.3 Oxygen scavengers from natural materials
      • 6.2.10.4 Antimicrobial packaging from plant extracts
      • 6.2.10.5 Bio-based sensors for food freshness
    • 6.2.11 Antimicrobial films and agents
      • 6.2.11.1 Natural
      • 6.2.11.2 Inorganic nanoparticles
      • 6.2.11.3 Biopolymers
    • 6.2.12 Bio-based Inks and Dyes
    • 6.2.13 Edible films and coatings
      • 6.2.13.1 Overview
      • 6.2.13.2 Commercial examples
    • 6.2.14 Global market size and forecast to 2036
      • 6.2.14.1 Tonnes
      • 6.2.14.2 Revenues
  • 6.3 FLEXIBLE PACKAGING
    • 6.3.1 Market overview
    • 6.3.2 Compostable Flexible Films
      • 6.3.2.1 PLA film laminates
      • 6.3.2.2 PHAs (polyhydroxyalkanoates) films
      • 6.3.2.3 PBAT (polybutylene adipate terephthalate) films
      • 6.3.2.4 TPS (thermoplastic starch) films
    • 6.3.3 Recyclable Mono-Materials
      • 6.3.3.1 All-PE (polyethylene) structures
      • 6.3.3.2 All-PP (polypropylene) structures
      • 6.3.3.3 Designed for mechanical recycling
    • 6.3.4 Paper-Based Flexible Packaging
      • 6.3.4.1 High-strength paper with functional coatings
      • 6.3.4.2 Paper-plastic hybrid structures with separable layers
      • 6.3.4.3 Glassine and greaseproof papers
    • 6.3.5 Bio-Based Films
      • 6.3.5.1 Bio-PE films (from sugarcane)
      • 6.3.5.2 Bio-PET films
      • 6.3.5.3 Cellulose-based transparent films
    • 6.3.6 Reduced Material Structures
      • 6.3.6.1 Ultra-thin films with enhanced performance
      • 6.3.6.2 Downgauged materials with reinforcing technologies
      • 6.3.6.3 Resource-efficient multi-layer structures
    • 6.3.7 Global market size and forecast to 2036
      • 6.3.7.1 Tonnes
      • 6.3.7.2 Revenues
  • 6.4 RIGID PACKAGING
    • 6.4.1 Market overview
    • 6.4.2 Recycled Plastic Containers
      • 6.4.2.1 rPET (recycled polyethylene terephthalate) bottles and containers
      • 6.4.2.2 rHDPE (recycled high-density polyethylene) bottles
      • 6.4.2.3 PCR polypropylene tubs and containers
    • 6.4.3 Bio-Based Rigid Plastics
      • 6.4.3.1 Bio-PET bottles (partially plant-based)
      • 6.4.3.2 Bio-PE containers
      • 6.4.3.3 PLA bottles and jars
    • 6.4.4 Refillable/Reusable Systems
      • 6.4.4.1 Durable containers designed for multiple uses
      • 6.4.4.2 Standardized shapes for refill systems
      • 6.4.4.3 Concentrated product formats reducing packaging
    • 6.4.5 Alternative Materials
      • 6.4.5.1 Mushroom packaging for protective applications
      • 6.4.5.2 Molded pulp containers and inserts
      • 6.4.5.3 Wood and cork containers for premium products
    • 6.4.6 Glass and Metal Alternatives
      • 6.4.6.1 Lightweight glass technologies
      • 6.4.6.2 Thin-walled aluminum containers
      • 6.4.6.3 Tin-free steel packaging
    • 6.4.7 Global market and forecasts to 2036
      • 6.4.7.1 Tonnes
      • 6.4.7.2 Revenues
  • 6.5 CARBON CAPTURE DERIVED MATERIALS FOR PACKAGING
    • 6.5.1 Benefits of carbon utilization for plastics feedstocks
    • 6.5.2 CO2-derived polymers and plastics
    • 6.5.3 CO2 utilization products
  • 6.6 SUSTAINABLE BARRIER COATINGS
    • 6.6.1 Market overview and drivers
    • 6.6.2 Coating consumption by substrate type
      • 6.6.2.1 Paper substrates
      • 6.6.2.2 Plastic substrates
    • 6.6.3 Market by coating process
      • 6.6.3.1 Extrusion coatings
      • 6.6.3.2 Wet-coating applications
      • 6.6.3.3 Wax coating processes
    • 6.6.4 Market by material type
      • 6.6.4.1 Thermoplastic polymer coatings
        • 6.6.4.1.1 Polyethylene-based coatings
        • 6.6.4.1.2 Polypropylene-based coatings
        • 6.6.4.1.3 Bio-PE coating applications
      • 6.6.4.2 High barrier polymer coatings
        • 6.6.4.2.1 Green PVOH (polyvinyl alcohol) coatings
        • 6.6.4.2.2 EVOH (ethylene vinyl alcohol) coatings
        • 6.6.4.2.3 Barrier performance characteristics
      • 6.6.4.3 Aluminium barrier coatings
        • 6.6.4.3.1 Vacuum metallization processes
        • 6.6.4.3.2 Aluminium deposition techniques
        • 6.6.4.3.3 Recyclability considerations
      • 6.6.4.4 Wax coatings
        • 6.6.4.4.1 Natural wax applications
        • 6.6.4.4.2 Synthetic wax alternatives
        • 6.6.4.4.3 Biodegradability characteristics
      • 6.6.4.5 Silicone and natural material coatings
        • 6.6.4.5.1 Silicone oxide coatings
        • 6.6.4.5.2 Natural polymer coatings
        • 6.6.4.5.3 Seaweed-based barrier coatings
      • 6.6.4.6 Biobased barrier polymers
        • 6.6.4.6.1 PHA coating applications
        • 6.6.4.6.2 Starch-based barrier coatings
        • 6.6.4.6.3 Protein-based barrier materials
  • 6.7 SUSTAINABLE ACTIVE AND INTELLIGENT PACKAGING
    • 6.7.1 Introduction and Market Overview
    • 6.7.2 Classification of Active Packaging Systems
    • 6.7.3 Bio-Based Oxygen Scavengers
    • 6.7.4 Antimicrobial Packaging from Natural Agents
    • 6.7.5 Ethylene Scavengers for Fresh Produce
    • 6.7.6 Moisture Management Systems
    • 6.7.7 Intelligent and Smart Packaging Systems
    • 6.7.8 Edible Films and Coatings as Active Packaging
    • 6.7.9 Regulatory Framework for Active and Intelligent Packaging
    • 6.7.10 Market Forecast: Sustainable Active and Intelligent Packaging, 2023-2036
    • 6.7.11 Key Technology Developers and Commercial Examples
  • 6.8 PACKAGING BIOADHESIVES
    • 6.8.1 Market Overview and Structure
      • 6.8.1.1 Industry Structure Analysis
    • 6.8.2 Value Chain Mapping
    • 6.8.3 Competitive Landscape
    • 6.8.4 Market Drivers and External Factors
      • 6.8.4.1 Economic Trends Impact
      • 6.8.4.2 Global Trade Tensions Effects
      • 6.8.4.3 Population Growth Influence
      • 6.8.4.4 E-Commerce Growth Drivers
      • 6.8.4.5 Raw Material Costs and Availability
    • 6.8.5 Regulatory Influences
    • 6.8.6 Packaging Waste and Regulations
      • 6.8.6.1 Extended Producer Responsibility Impact
      • 6.8.6.2 EU Packaging and Packaging Waste Regulation
      • 6.8.6.3 Adhesive Raw Material Regulations
      • 6.8.6.4 Food Packaging Adhesive Requirements
    • 6.8.7 Market by Adhesive Type
      • 6.8.7.1 Waterborne Adhesives Market
        • 6.8.7.1.1 Acrylic-Copolymer Adhesives
        • 6.8.7.1.2 VAE Adhesives
        • 6.8.7.1.3 PVAc Adhesives
        • 6.8.7.1.4 Natural-Based Adhesives
      • 6.8.7.2 Solvent-Borne and Reactive Systems Market
        • 6.8.7.2.1 Acrylic Systems
        • 6.8.7.2.2 Synthetic Elastomer Systems
        • 6.8.7.2.3 Polyurethane Systems
      • 6.8.7.3 Hot Melt Adhesives Market
        • 6.8.7.3.1 EVA Hot Melts
        • 6.8.7.3.2 Polyolefin Hot Melts
        • 6.8.7.3.3 Synthetic Elastomer Hot Melts
        • 6.8.7.3.4 Bio-Based Hot Melt Developments
      • 6.8.7.4 Radiation-Curable Adhesives
    • 6.8.8 Market by Packaging Type
      • 6.8.8.1 Rigid Packaging and Labels
        • 6.8.8.1.1 Corrugated Board Packaging
        • 6.8.8.1.2 Paperboard Applications
        • 6.8.8.1.3 Carton Assembly
        • 6.8.8.1.4 Core Manufacturing
        • 6.8.8.1.5 Composite Cans and Containers
        • 6.8.8.1.6 Rigid Plastic Containers
        • 6.8.8.1.7 Labels and Lidding
        • 6.8.8.1.8 Flexible Packaging
        • 6.8.8.1.9 Multilayer Structure Lamination
        • 6.8.8.1.10 Seal Layer Applications
        • 6.8.8.1.11 Adhesive Lamination Processes
        • 6.8.8.1.12 Heat Sealing Applications
    • 6.8.9 Market by End-Use Applications
      • 6.8.9.1 Food Packaging Applications
        • 6.8.9.1.1 Fresh and Processed Meat, Poultry, and Fish
        • 6.8.9.1.2 Fresh Fruit and Vegetables
        • 6.8.9.1.3 Frozen and Chilled Food
        • 6.8.9.1.4 Ready Meals
        • 6.8.9.1.5 Additional Food Applications
      • 6.8.9.2 Beverage Packaging
        • 6.8.9.2.1 Bottled Water
        • 6.8.9.2.2 Carbonated Soft Drinks
        • 6.8.9.2.3 Fruit Juice and Juice Drinks
        • 6.8.9.2.4 Hot Beverages and Other Soft Drinks
        • 6.8.9.2.5 Alcoholic Drinks
      • 6.8.9.3 Non-Food Packaging
        • 6.8.9.3.1 Cosmetics and Personal Care
        • 6.8.9.3.2 Household Products
        • 6.8.9.3.3 Healthcare Products
        • 6.8.9.3.4 Industrial Products

7 COMPANY PROFILES (331 company profiles)

8 RESEARCH METHODOLOGY

9 REFERENCES

List of Tables

  • Table 1. Compostable Packaging - Key Target Applications and Certification Requirements
  • Table 2. TIPA Compostable Films - End-Use Application Examples
  • Table 3. Waste Hierarchy - Definition, Packaging Examples, and Regulatory Priority
  • Table 4. EMF Global Commitment - Signatory Breakdown by Organisation Type (2024)
  • Table 5. EMF Global Commitment - Core Targets and Reported Progress (2024)
  • Table 6. EMF Global Commitment - Reported PCR Content Achievements by Material and Sector (2024)
  • Table 7. Sustainable Barrier Coatings Taxonomy.
  • Table 8. Performance Criteria and Sustainability Metrics for Barrier Coatings.
  • Table 9. Global Sustainable Packaging Market by Packaging Materials, 2023-2036 (1,000 tonnes)
  • Table 10. Global Sustainable Packaging Market by Packaging Materials, 2023-2036 (Millions USD)
  • Table 11. Global Sustainable Packaging Market by Packaging Product Type, 2023-2036 (1,000 tonnes)
  • Table 12. Global Sustainable Packaging Market by Packaging Product Type, 2023-2036 (Millions USD)
  • Table 13. Global Sustainable Packaging Market by End-Use Market, 2023-2036 (1,000 tonnes)
  • Table 14. Global Sustainable Packaging Market by End-Use Market, 2023-2036 (Millions USD)
  • Table 15. Global Sustainable Packaging Market by Region, 2023-2036 (1,000 tonnes)
  • Table 16. Global Sustainable Packaging Market by Region, 2023-2036 (Millions USD)
  • Table 17. Global Sustainable Barrier Coatings Market Size and Forecast, 2019-2036.
  • Table 18. Sustainable Barrier Coatings Market Size by Region, 2025-2036 ('000 tonnes and $ million).
  • Table 19. Sustainable Barrier Coatings Market Size by Application, 2025-2036 ('000 tonnes and $ million).
  • Table 20. Cost Structure Analysis by Barrier Coating Type.
  • Table 21. Global Sustainable Barrier Coating Consumption by Material Type, 2019-2036 ('000 tonnes).
  • Table 22. Global Value of Sustainable Barrier Coatings by Material Type, 2019-2036 ($ million).
  • Table 23. Main Types of Sustainable Packaging Materials
  • Table 24. Average prices by packaging type, 2024 (US$ per kg).
  • Table 25. Average annual prices by bioplastic type, 2020-2023 (US$ per kg).
  • Table 26. Recent sustainable packaging products.
  • Table 27. Market trends in Sustainable Packaging
  • Table 28. Sustainable Packaging Trends to 2036.
  • Table 29. Market drivers for recent growth in the Sustainable Packaging market.
  • Table 30. Key Market Drivers and Impact Assessment.
  • Table 31. Market Drivers Impact Assessment Matrix.
  • Table 32. Regulatory Compliance Standards for Sustainable Packaging and Barrier Coatings.
  • Table 33. PFAS Phase-Out Timeline and Replacement Market Opportunity by Region.
  • Table 34. Circular Economy Initiatives and Recyclability Requirements.
  • Table 35. E-Commerce Packaging Performance Requirements.
  • Table 36. Major Brand Owner Sustainability Commitments - Packaging Implications.
  • Table 37. Sustainable Packaging Market Challenges and Restraints.
  • Table 38. Circular Economy Principles in Coating Design.
  • Table 39. Biodegradability Standards and Certification Requirements.
  • Table 40. Forecasts for Global Circularity Rates by Packaging Material, 2023-2036.
  • Table 41. Economic Analysis of End-of-Life Options (costs and revenues per tonne processed).
  • Table 42. Biodegradable and Compostable Packaging Materials
  • Table 43. Seaweed-Based Packaging Materials - Technical and Commercial Overview
  • Table 44. Moulded Pulp Packaging - Grade Comparison and Applications
  • Table 45. Edible Packaging Systems - Materials, Properties, and Applications
  • Table 46. Cellulose-Based Film Grades - Properties and Applications
  • Table 47. Algae-Based Packaging Materials - Technology Landscape
  • Table 48. Paper vs Plastic Packaging - Comparative Lifecycle Performance
  • Table 49. Types of bio-based plastics and fossil-fuel-based plastics
  • Table 50. Comparison of synthetic fossil-based and bio-based polymers.
  • Table 51. Processes for bioplastics in packaging.
  • Table 52. LDPE film versus PLA, 2019-24 (USD/tonne).
  • Table 53. PLA properties for packaging applications.
  • Table 54. Applications, advantages and disadvantages of PHAs in packaging.
  • Table 55. Major polymers found in the extracellular covering of different algae.
  • Table 56. Market overview for cellulose microfibers (microfibrillated cellulose) in paperboard and packaging-market age, key benefits, applications and producers.
  • Table 57. Applications of nanocrystalline cellulose (CNC).
  • Table 58. Market overview for cellulose nanofibers in packaging.
  • Table 59. Applications of Bacterial Nanocellulose in Packaging.
  • Table 60. Types of protein based-bioplastics, applications and companies.
  • Table 61. Overview of alginate-description, properties, application and market size.
  • Table 62. Companies developing algal-based bioplastics.
  • Table 63. Overview of mycelium fibers-description, properties, drawbacks and applications.
  • Table 64. Overview of chitosan-description, properties, drawbacks and applications.
  • Table 65. Commercial Examples of Chitosan-based Films and Coatings and Companies.
  • Table 66. Bio-based naphtha markets and applications.
  • Table 67. Bio-naphtha market value chain.
  • Table 68. Commercial Examples of Bio-Naphtha Packaging and Companies.
  • Table 69. Paper substrate characteristics and coating requirements.
  • Table 70. Plastic substrate applications and sustainability challenges.
  • Table 71. Substrate selection criteria and performance trade-offs.
  • Table 72. Wet-Barrier Coatings Application methods and process optimization.
  • Table 73. Wet-Barrier Coatings Performance benchmarking against alternatives.
  • Table 74.Wet-Barrier Coatings Environmental Impact Assessment
  • Table 75. Wax Coating Sustainability Credentials and Limitations.
  • Table 76. Wax Coating Sustainability credentials and limitations.
  • Table 77. Types of biobased coatings materials.
  • Table 78. Water-based coating technologies.
  • Table 79. Global bioplastics capacities by Material Type ('000 tonnes).
  • Table 80. Bio-based polymer solutions.
  • Table 81. Dispersion coating systems.
  • Table 82. Nano-enhanced barrier materials.
  • Table 83. Global Bioplastics Capacities by Material Type, 2024 ('000 tonnes).
  • Table 84. Bio-Based Polymer Solutions: Barrier Performance and Commercial Readiness.
  • Table 85. Applications of Barrier Nanocoatings in Packaging Sectors.
  • Table 86. Waterborne Packaging Adhesive Market by Chemistry, 2025 (Millions USD)
  • Table 87. PFAS Restrictions and Phase-Out Schedules.
  • Table 88. PFAS Ban Impact by Region and Timeline.
  • Table 89. Single-Use Plastics Directive: Scope, EPR Fees and Exemption Criteria for Qualifying Sustainable Materials.
  • Table 90. PPWR Implementation Timeline and Coating-Relevant Compliance Obligations.
  • Table 91. REACH Regulation: Key Requirements Affecting Barrier Coating Development.
  • Table 92. International Food Contact Regulations and Safety Requirements.
  • Table 93. FDA Food Contact Regulatory Pathways.
  • Table 94. Extended Producer Responsibility Schemes: Global Overview.
  • Table 95. EU Member State Circular Economy Action Plans.
  • Table 96. US State-Level PFAS Bans and Restrictions in Packaging.
  • Table 97. North American Environmental Protection Initiatives Relevant to Sustainable Packaging.
  • Table 98. Asia-Pacific Regulatory Development: Sustainable Packaging Frameworks.
  • Table 99. Emerging Market Regulatory Development Trends.
  • Table 100. Industry Consortium Initiatives.
  • Table 101. Collaborative Compliance Framework Models.
  • Table 102. Certification and Testing Protocols for Sustainable Packaging Materials and Coatings.
  • Table 103. Overview of the recycling technologies.
  • Table 104. Polymer Types, Use, and Mechanical Recycling Recovery Rates.
  • Table 105. Composition of Plastic Waste Streams and Chemical Recycling Applicability.
  • Table 106. Comparison of Mechanical and Advanced Chemical Recycling.
  • Table 107. Advanced Plastics Recycling Capacities by Technology and Company.
  • Table 108. Example chemically recycled plastic products.
  • Table 109. Life Cycle Assessments of Advanced Chemical Recycling Processes.
  • Table 110. Summary of Non-Catalytic Pyrolysis Technologies.
  • Table 111. Summary of catalytic pyrolysis technologies.
  • Table 112. Summary of pyrolysis technique under different operating conditions.
  • Table 113. Biomass materials and their bio-oil yield.
  • Table 114. Biofuel production cost from the biomass pyrolysis process.
  • Table 115. Pyrolysis Companies and Plant Capacities, Current and Planned (2026)
  • Table 116. Gasification Technology Developers and Capacities.
  • Table 117. Summary of gasification technologies.
  • Table 118. Advanced recycling (Gasification) companies.
  • Table 119. Summary of dissolution technologies.
  • Table 120. Advanced recycling (Dissolution) companies
  • Table 121. Depolymerisation processes for PET, PU, PC and PA, products and yields.
  • Table 122. Summary of hydrolysis technologies-feedstocks, process, outputs, commercial maturity and technology developers.
  • Table 123. Summary of Enzymolysis technologies-feedstocks, process, outputs, commercial maturity and technology developers.
  • Table 124. Summary of methanolysis technologies-feedstocks, process, outputs, commercial maturity and technology developers.
  • Table 125. Summary of glycolysis technologies-feedstocks, process, outputs, commercial maturity and technology developers.
  • Table 126. Summary of aminolysis technologies.
  • Table 127. Advanced recycling (Depolymerisation) companies and capacities (current and planned).
  • Table 128. Overview of hydrothermal cracking for advanced chemical recycling.
  • Table 129. Overview of Pyrolysis with in-line reforming for advanced chemical recycling.
  • Table 130. Overview of microwave-assisted pyrolysis for advanced chemical recycling.
  • Table 131. Overview of plasma pyrolysis for advanced chemical recycling.
  • Table 132. Overview of plasma gasification for advanced chemical recycling.
  • Table 133. Mono-Material Coating Approaches for Recyclability.
  • Table 134. Mono-material coating approaches.
  • Table 135. Major Forest Certification Schemes - Comparative Overview
  • Table 136. Chain-of-Custody Certification - Key Standards and Requirements
  • Table 137.Global Market for Sustainable Paper and Board Packaging by Material Type, 2019-2036 ('000 tonnes).
  • Table 138. The Global Market for Sustainable Paper and Board Packaging by Material Type, 2019-2036 (Millions USD)
  • Table 139. Pros and Cons of Different Food Packaging Material Types.
  • Table 140.Bioplastics Properties vs Conventional Polymers for Flexible Food Packaging.
  • Table 141. Active Biodegradable Films and their food applications.
  • Table 142. Intelligent Biodegradable Films.
  • Table 143. Bio-Based Oxygen Scavenger Technologies - Performance, Activation, and Commercial Status
  • Table 144. Natural Antimicrobial Agents in Active Packaging - Efficacy, Spectrum, and Regulatory Status
  • Table 145. Bio-Based Freshness Sensor Technologies - Active Agent, Target Analyte, and Application
  • Table 146. Edible films and coatings market summary.
  • Table 147. The Global Market for Sustainable Food Packaging by Material Type, 2019-2036 ('000 tonnes)
  • Table 148. The Global Market for Sustainable Food Packaging by Material Type, 2019-2036 (Millions USD)
  • Table 149. Typical Applications for Bioplastics in Flexible Packaging.
  • Table 150. PHA Film Grades - Properties and Commercial Comparison
  • Table 151. PBAT Film Key Properties vs. Comparable Flexible Film Materials
  • Table 152. TPS Film Properties by Formulation Type
  • Table 153. Comparison of bioplastics' (PLA and PHAs) properties to other common polymers used in product packaging.
  • Table 154. Typical applications for bioplastics in flexible packaging.
  • Table 155. All-PP Monomaterial Structure Types - Barrier Performance and Recycling Compatibility
  • Table 156. Design-for-Recycling Criteria for Flexible Packaging - Key Parameters
  • Table 157. High-Strength Paper Barrier Coating Systems - Performance and Recyclability
  • Table 158. Paper-Plastic Hybrid Separable Structures - Separation Mechanism and Recyclability
  • Table 159. Glassine and Greaseproof Paper Grades - Properties and Applications
  • Table 160. Bio-PE Film Grades - Properties vs. Fossil PE
  • Table 161. Bio-PET and PEF Film Properties vs. Fossil PET
  • Table 162. Cellulose Film Grades - Barrier Performance and Applications
  • Table 163. Ultra-Thin Barrier Coating Technologies - Thickness, Performance, and Recyclability
  • Table 164. Downgauging Technologies - Gauge Reduction Potential and Performance Impact
  • Table 165. Conventional vs. Resource-Efficient Multi-Layer Flexible Structures
  • Table 166. The Global Market for Sustainable Flexible Packaging by Material Type, 2019-2036 ('000 tonnes)
  • Table 167. The Global Market for Sustainable Flexible Packaging by Material Type, 2019-2036 (Millions USD)
  • Table 168. rPET Mechanical Recycling Grades - Quality, Applications, and Price Benchmarks
  • Table 169. rHDPE Grades - Quality Characteristics, Food Contact Status, and Applications
  • Table 170. PCR Polypropylene Supply Constraints and Commercial Applications
  • Table 171. Bio-PET Bottle - Commercial Grades, Bio-Content, and Performance vs. Fossil PET
  • Table 172. Bio-PE Rigid Container Grades - Properties, Applications, and Commercial Status
  • Table 173. Typical applications for bioplastics in rigid packaging.
  • Table 174. Standardized Refill Container Systems - Commercial Examples and Performance
  • Table 175. Mycelium Composite Packaging - Properties vs. Conventional Protective Packaging
  • Table 176. Moulded Pulp Grades - Properties, Applications, and Leading Producers
  • Table 177. The Global Market for Sustainable Rigid Packaging by Material Type, 2019-2036 ('000 tonnes)
  • Table 178. The Global Market for Sustainable Rigid Packaging by Material Type, 2019-2036 (Millions USD)
  • Table 179. CO2 utilization and removal pathways.
  • Table 180. CO2 utilization products developed by chemical and plastic producers.
  • Table 181. Sustainable Barrier Coating Technologies for Paper Substrates - Performance and Recyclability
  • Table 182. Sustainable Barrier Coatings on Plastic Film Substrates - Performance and Recycling Compatibility
  • Table 183. Extrusion Coating Materials for Sustainable Packaging - Process Parameters and Performance
  • Table 184. Wet-Coating Process Technologies - Speed, Coat Weight, and Application Suitability
  • Table 185. Wax Coating Types - Sustainability Profile, Barrier Performance, and Recyclability
  • Table 186. Polyethylene Coating Grades - Properties, Sustainability, and Application Range
  • Table 187. Polypropylene Coating Grades - Application Parameters and Sustainability Profile
  • Table 188. Bio-PE Coating Applications - Deployment Examples and Performance vs. Fossil PE
  • Table 189. PVOH Coating Grades - Performance Characteristics and Recyclability
  • Table 190. EVOH Grade Specifications - Barrier Performance and Humidity Dependence
  • Table 191. Sustainable Barrier Coating Technologies - Comprehensive Performance Comparison
  • Table 192. Aluminium and Ceramic Deposition Techniques - Barrier Performance Comparison
  • Table 193. Aluminium Barrier Coating Recyclability - Thickness Thresholds and Stream Compatibility
  • Table 194. Natural Wax Types for Packaging - Properties, Applications, and Sustainability
  • Table 195. Synthetic Wax Coating Types - Performance, Processability, and Recyclability
  • Table 196. Wax Coating Biodegradability - Environmental Profiles
  • Table 197. Silicon Oxide Coating Technologies - Performance and Applications
  • Table 198. Natural Polymer Coatings - Barrier Properties and Sustainability Profile
  • Table 199. Seaweed-Based Barrier Coatings - Polysaccharide Types and Performance
  • Table 200. PHA Barrier Coating Grades - Properties and Application Performance
  • Table 201. Protein-Based Barrier Coating Materials - Performance and Commercial Status
  • Table 202. Global Active and Intelligent Packaging Market by Technology Type, 2025 and 2036 (Millions USD)
  • Table 203. Global Sustainable Active and Intelligent Packaging Market by Application Sector, 2025-2036 (Millions USD)
  • Table 204. Bio-Based Oxygen Scavenger Technologies - Performance and Commercial Status
  • Table 205. Natural Antimicrobial Agents in Active Packaging - Efficacy and Regulatory Status
  • Table 206. Intelligent and Smart Packaging Technologies - Bio-Based and Sustainable Systems
  • Table 207. Edible Film and Coating Systems - Biopolymer Substrates and Active Compound Combinations
  • Table 208. Global Sustainable Active and Intelligent Packaging Market by Technology Type, 2023-2036 (Millions USD)
  • Table 209. Global Sustainable Active and Intelligent Packaging Market by Region, 2025-2036 (Millions USD)
  • Table 210. Global Packaging Adhesive Market Structure, 2025
  • Table 211. Global Packaging Adhesive Market by Technology Family, 2025 and 2036 (Millions USD)
  • Table 212. Packaging Adhesive Value Chain - Key Players by Stage
  • Table 213. Leading Packaging Adhesive Suppliers - Sustainability Portfolio Assessment, 2025
  • Table 214. Key Packaging Adhesive Raw Materials - Cost, Source, and Bio-Based Alternatives
  • Table 215. EPR Eco-Modulation Impact on Packaging Adhesive Specification - Selected Markets
  • Table 216. Food Packaging Adhesive Compliance Requirements - EU Framework
  • Table 217. Acrylic PSA Performance Specifications by Application
  • Table 218. Natural-Based Adhesive Systems - Properties and Packaging Applications
  • Table 219. Bio-Based Hot Melt Adhesive Development Landscape
  • Table 220. Corrugated Board Adhesive System Specifications
  • Table 221. Flexible Packaging Adhesive System - Application Performance Requirements
  • Table 222. Packaging Adhesive Market by Food Application Segment, 2025 (Millions USD)
  • Table 223. Packaging Adhesive Market by Beverage Application, 2025 (Millions USD)
  • Table 224. Packaging Adhesive Market by Non-Food Application, 2025 (Millions USD)
  • Table 225. Global Packaging Bioadhesive Market by End-Use and Technology, 2025-2036 (Millions USD)
  • Table 226. Lactips plastic pellets.
  • Table 227. Oji Holdings CNF products.

List of Figures

  • Figure 1. Global packaging market by material type.
  • Figure 2. Unilever's Magnum ice cream tub using 100% chemically recycled PP .
  • Figure 3. Global Sustainable Packaging Market by Packaging Materials, 2023-2036 (1,000 tonnes)
  • Figure 4. Global Sustainable Packaging Market by Packaging Materials, 2023-2036 (Millions USD)
  • Figure 5. Global Sustainable Packaging Market by Packaging Product Type, 2023-2036 (1,000 tonnes)
  • Figure 6. Global Sustainable Packaging Market by Packaging Product Type, 2023-2036 (Millions USD)
  • Figure 7. Global Sustainable Packaging Market by End-Use Market, 2023-2036 (1,000 tonnes)
  • Figure 8. Global Sustainable Packaging Market by End-Use Market, 2023-2036 (Millions USD)
  • Figure 9. Global Sustainable Packaging Market by Region, 2023-2036 (1,000 tonnes)
  • Figure 10. Global Sustainable Packaging Market by Region, 2023-2036 (Millions USD)
  • Figure 11. Packaging lifecycle .
  • Figure 12. Routes for synthesizing polymers from fossil-based and bio-based resources.
  • Figure 13. Organization and morphology of cellulose synthesizing terminal complexes (TCs) in different organisms.
  • Figure 14. Biosynthesis of (a) wood cellulose (b) tunicate cellulose and (c) BC.
  • Figure 15. Cellulose microfibrils and nanofibrils.
  • Figure 16. TEM image of cellulose nanocrystals.
  • Figure 17. CNC slurry.
  • Figure 18. CNF gel.
  • Figure 19. Bacterial nanocellulose shapes
  • Figure 20. BLOOM masterbatch from Algix.
  • Figure 21. Typical structure of mycelium-based foam.
  • Figure 22. Life cycle of biopolymer packaging materials.
  • Figure 23. Current management systems for waste plastics.
  • Figure 24. Global polymer demand 2022-2040, segmented by technology, million metric tons.
  • Figure 25. Global demand by recycling process, 2020-2040, million metric tons.
  • Figure 26. Market map for advanced recycling.
  • Figure 27. Value chain for advanced plastics recycling market.
  • Figure 28. Schematic layout of a pyrolysis plant.
  • Figure 29. Waste plastic production pathways to (A) diesel and (B) gasoline
  • Figure 30. Schematic for Pyrolysis of Scrap Tires.
  • Figure 31. Used tires conversion process.
  • Figure 32. SWOT analysis-pyrolysis for advanced recycling.
  • Figure 33. Overview of biogas utilization.
  • Figure 34. Biogas and biomethane pathways.
  • Figure 35. SWOT analysis-gasification for advanced recycling.
  • Figure 36. SWOT analysis-dissoluton for advanced recycling.
  • Figure 37. Products obtained through the different solvolysis pathways of PET, PU, and PA.
  • Figure 38. SWOT analysis-Hydrolysis for advanced chemical recycling.
  • Figure 39. SWOT analysis-Enzymolysis for advanced chemical recycling.
  • Figure 40. SWOT analysis-Methanolysis for advanced chemical recycling.
  • Figure 41. Mondelez confectionery packaging using chemically recycled PCR .
  • Figure 42. SWOT analysis-Glycolysis for advanced chemical recycling.
  • Figure 43. SWOT analysis-Aminolysis for advanced chemical recycling.
  • Figure 44. Kit Kat packaged in paper flow wrap.
  • Figure 45. Quality Street paper-based chocolate packaging.
  • Figure 46. Smarties paper-based chocolate packaging.
  • Figure 47. The global market for sustainable paper & board packaging by material type, 2019-2036 ('000 tonnes).
  • Figure 48. The Global Market for Sustainable Paper and Board Packaging by Material Type, 2019-2036 (Millions USD)
  • Figure 49. Types of bio-based materials used for antimicrobial food packaging application.
  • Figure 50. Water soluble packaging by Notpla.
  • Figure 51. Examples of edible films in food packaging.
  • Figure 52. The Global Market for Sustainable Food Packaging by Material Type, 2019-2036 (Millions USD)
  • Figure 53. mondi mono-material standup pouches
  • Figure 54. Rezorce mono-material PP carton lifecycle.
  • Figure 55. Haleon mono-material blister packaging development.
  • Figure 56. The Global Market for Sustainable Flexible Packaging by Material Type, 2019-2036 ('000 tonnes)
  • Figure 57. The Global Market for Sustainable Flexible Packaging by Material Type, 2019-2036 (Millions USD)
  • Figure 58. The Global Market for Sustainable Rigid Packaging by Material Type, 2019-2036 ('000 tonnes)
  • Figure 59. The Global Market for Sustainable Rigid Packaging by Material Type, 2019-2036 (Millions USD)
  • Figure 60. Applications for CO2.
  • Figure 61. Life cycle of CO2-derived products and services.
  • Figure 62. Conversion pathways for CO2-derived polymeric materials
  • Figure 63. Pluumo.
  • Figure 64. Anpoly cellulose nanofiber hydrogel.
  • Figure 65. MEDICELLU-TM.
  • Figure 66. Asahi Kasei CNF fabric sheet.
  • Figure 67. Properties of Asahi Kasei cellulose nanofiber nonwoven fabric.
  • Figure 68. CNF nonwoven fabric.
  • Figure 69. Passionfruit wrapped in Xgo Circular packaging.
  • Figure 70. Be Green Packaging molded fiber products.
  • Figure 71. Beyond Meat Molded Fiber Sausage Tray.
  • Figure 72. BIOLO e-commerce mailer bag made from PHA.
  • Figure 73. Reusable and recyclable foodservice cups, lids, and straws from Joinease Hong Kong Ltd., made with plant-based NuPlastiQ BioPolymer from BioLogiQ, Inc.
  • Figure 74. Fiber-based screw cap.
  • Figure 75. Molded fiber trays for contact lenses.
  • Figure 76. SEELCAP ONEGO.
  • Figure 77. CJ CheilJedang's biodegradable PHA-based wrapper for shipping products.
  • Figure 78. CuanSave film.
  • Figure 79. Cullen Eco-Friendly Packaging beerGUARD molded fiber trays.
  • Figure 80. ELLEX products.
  • Figure 81. CNF-reinforced PP compounds.
  • Figure 82. Kirekira! toilet wipes.
  • Figure 83. Edible packaging from Dissolves.
  • Figure 84. Rheocrysta spray.
  • Figure 85. DKS CNF products.
  • Figure 86. Molded fiber plastic rings.
  • Figure 87. Mushroom leather.
  • Figure 88. Evoware edible seaweed-based packaging
  • Figure 89. Photograph (a) and micrograph (b) of mineral/ MFC composite showing the high viscosity and fibrillar structure.
  • Figure 90. Forest and Whale container.
  • Figure 91. PHA production process.
  • Figure 92. Soy Silvestre's wheatgrass shots.
  • Figure 93. Genera molded fiber meat trays.
  • Figure 94. AVAPTM process.
  • Figure 95. GreenPower+-TM process.
  • Figure 96. Cutlery samples (spoon, knife, fork) made of nano cellulose and biodegradable plastic composite materials.
  • Figure 97. CNF gel.
  • Figure 98. Block nanocellulose material.
  • Figure 99. CNF products developed by Hokuetsu.
  • Figure 100. Unilever Carte D'Or ice cream packaging.
  • Figure 101. Kami Shoji CNF products.
  • Figure 102. Matrix Pack molded-fiber beverage cup lid.
  • Figure 103. Molded fiber Labeling applied to products.
  • Figure 104. IPA synthesis method.
  • Figure 105. Compostable water pod.
  • Figure 106. Coca-cola paper bottle prototype.
  • Figure 107. Papierfabrik Meldorf's grass-based packaging materials .
  • Figure 108. PulPac dry molded fiber packaging for cosmetics.
  • Figure 109. Example of Qwarzo grease barrier coating.
  • Figure 110. XCNF.
  • Figure 111: Innventia AB movable nanocellulose demo plant.
  • Figure 112. Molded fiber tray.
  • Figure 113. Shellworks packaging containers.
  • Figure 114. Thales packaging incorporating Fibrease.
  • Figure 115. Molded pulp bottles.
  • Figure 116. Sulapac cosmetics containers.
  • Figure 117. Sulzer equipment for PLA polymerization processing.
  • Figure 118. Molded fiber laundry detergent bottle.
  • Figure 119. Tanbark's clamshell product.
  • Figure 120. Silver / CNF composite dispersions.
  • Figure 121. CNF/nanosilver powder.
  • Figure 122. Corbion FDCA production process.
  • Figure 123. UFP Technologies, Inc. product examples.
  • Figure 124. UPM biorefinery process.
  • Figure 125. Varden coffee pod.
  • Figure 126. Vegea production process.
  • Figure 127. Worn Again products.
  • Figure 128. npulp packaging.
  • Figure 129. Western Pulp Products corner protectors.
  • Figure 130. S-CNF in powder form.