封面
市场调查报告书
商品编码
1679529

木材和木製品市场规模、份额、趋势分析报告:按应用、地区、细分市场、预测,2025-2030 年

Wood And Timber Products Market Size, Share & Trends Analysis Report By Application (Paper, Lumber, Textiles, Bio Chemicals), By Region (North America, Europe, Asia Pacific), And Segment Forecasts, 2025 - 2030

出版日期: | 出版商: Grand View Research | 英文 101 Pages | 商品交期: 2-10个工作天内

价格

木材和木製品市场的成长和趋势

根据 Grand View Research, Inc. 的新报告,全球木材和木製品市场预计到 2030 年将达到 1,251,260 亿美元,2025 年至 2030 年的复合年增长率为 4.7%。

木材和木製品需求的成长是多种相互关联因素的结果,包括人口成长的住宅需求和永续产品创新。在市场不断扩大的同时,必须应对森林砍伐问题、贸易限制和气候变迁影响等挑战,以确保长期永续性。随着主要企业专注于平衡经济和环境优先事项,向认证和工程木製品的转变可能会影响该行业的未来成长。

木材产业也受惠于提高产量比率和效率的技术改进。精准林业、人工智慧驱动的锯木厂以及工程木製品的改进黏合剂有助于最大限度地提高木材利用率,同时减少浪费。这些技术创新使公司能够更永续地满足不断增长的需求。

除了传统用途外,木材和木製品在生质能源和生物材料领域也受到关注。欧洲、北美和亚洲部分地区正在采用木质颗粒和生质能作为石化燃料的替代品。同时,木材衍生的化学品、纺织品(如Lyocell纤维和粘胶纤维)和生物基塑胶正在寻找新的用途,并总体上增加了对木材资源的需求。

向永续和生物分解性材料的转变正在增加对纸质包装解决方案的需求。随着许多政府和企业寻找塑胶的环保替代品,牛皮纸、瓦楞纸板和无底纸标籤等木质产品越来越受欢迎。例如,热敏纸产业严重依赖木浆,而物流、电子商务和食品包装领域的成长进一步推动了其扩张。

木材和木製品需求的增加是多种相互关联因素的结果,包括人口增长的住宅需求和永续产品创新。在市场不断扩大的同时,必须应对森林砍伐问题、贸易限制和气候变迁影响等挑战,以确保长期永续性。随着主要参与企业专注于平衡经济和环境优先事项,向认证和工程木製品的转变可能会影响该行业的未来成长。

木材和木製品市场报告重点

  • 从应用角度来看,纸张将在2024年占据产业主导地位,收益占有率达58.9%,预计2025年至2030年将快速成长。全球对木质纸製品的需求正在发生变化,传统印刷和书写纸的需求正在减少,但对包装材料和卫生用品的需求正在增加。
  • 家具产业对木材的需求受到都市化、可支配收入的增加以及消费者对天然和永续材料的偏好变化的推动。随着越来越多的人迁入城市,对家居和办公家具的需求持续增长,尤其是在中国、印度和东南亚等快速成长的经济体。
  • 纺织业对木纤维的需求正在激增,尤其是当消费者和品牌寻求聚酯等合成纤维的替代品时,聚酯等合成纤维会造成微塑胶污染。源自木浆(主要是桉树、山毛榉和松树)的黏胶纤维、Lyocell纤维和莫代尔纤维在时尚和纺织业被广泛采用。这些纤维柔软、透气、生物分解性,使其成为永续服饰、家用纺织品甚至工业应用的理想选择。
  • 木材衍生的生物化学品在永续製造、製药和工业应用中变得越来越重要。摆脱石油基化学品的趋势正在推动对木质替代品的需求。随着针对石化产品的环保法规不断加强,各行各业开始转向生物基解决方案,从而增加了对木材衍生化学品的需求。企业正在投资先进的加工技术,从木製品中提取高价值化学品,进一步将木材纳入绿色供应链。
  • 东南亚的林业生产以热带硬木为中心,马来西亚和越南是主要出口国。然而,对森林砍伐和非法采伐的担忧导致监管力度加大,并鼓励采用经过认证和合法来源的木材产品。在亚太地区,时尚产业的黏胶纤维和Lyocell纤维纤维製造商正在增加对木纤维的投资。

目录

第一章调查方法与范围

第二章执行摘要

第三章木材和木製品市场变数、趋势和范围

  • 市场体系展望
  • 产业价值链分析
  • 技术概述
  • 法律规范
  • 市场动态
    • 市场驱动因素分析
    • 市场限制因素分析
    • 行业机会
    • 产业挑战
  • 商业环境工具分析
    • 波特五力分析
    • SWOT和PESTLE分析
  • 市场动盪分析

第四章 木材和木製品市场:应用、估算和趋势分析

  • 关键点
  • 2024年及2030年应用变化分析及市场占有率
  • 2018-2030年全球木材和木製品市场应用状况
    • 家具
    • 木头
    • 纤维
    • 生物化学品
    • 其他的

第五章 木材和木製品市场:区域估计和趋势分析

  • 关键点
  • 2024 年及 2030 年区域市场占有率分析
  • 北美洲
    • 按应用,2018-2030 年
    • 美国
    • 加拿大
    • 墨西哥
  • 欧洲
    • 按应用,2018-2030 年
    • 德国
    • 英国
    • 法国
  • 亚太地区
    • 按应用,2018-2030 年
    • 中国
    • 印度
    • 日本
  • 拉丁美洲
    • 按应用,2018-2030 年
  • 中东和非洲
    • 按应用,2018-2030 年

第六章竞争格局

  • 主要参与企业、他们的最新发展及其对该行业的影响
  • 竞争性分类
  • 企业市场分析
  • 公司热图分析
  • 战略地图,2024年
  • 公司名单
    • Ogonek Custom Hardwoods, Inc.
    • PotlatchDeltic Corporation
    • Resolute Forest Products
    • RSG Forest Products, Inc.
    • Sierra Forest Products, Inc.
    • Southern Pine Timber Products, Inc.
    • Stora Enso Oyj
    • Timbeck Architecture
    • Timber Products Co. Limited Partnership
    • US LBM Holdings, LLC
    • West Fraser Timber Co. Ltd.
    • Sterling Solutions LLC
    • Weyerhaeuser Company
Product Code: GVR-4-68040-512-6

Wood And Timber Products Market Growth & Trends:

The global wood and timber products market size is anticipated to reach USD 1,251.26 billion by 2030 and is anticipated to grow at a CAGR of 4.7% from 2025 to 2030, according to a new report by Grand View Research, Inc. The rising demand for wood and timber products is a result of multiple interlinked factors, from population-driven housing needs to sustainable product innovations. While the market continues to expand, challenges such as deforestation concerns, trade restrictions, and climate change impacts must be managed to ensure long-term sustainability. The shift toward certified and engineered wood products will likely shape the industry's future growth, with key players focusing on balancing economic and environmental priorities.

The timber industry is also benefiting from technological improvements that increase yield and efficiency. Precision forestry, AI-driven sawmills, and improved adhesives for engineered wood products are helping maximize wood utilization while reducing waste. These innovations enable companies to meet growing demand more sustainably.

Beyond traditional uses, wood and timber are also gaining traction in bioenergy and biomaterials. Wood pellets and biomass energy are being adopted as alternatives to fossil fuels in Europe, North America, and parts of Asia. Meanwhile, wood-derived chemicals, textiles (such as lyocell and viscose), and bio-based plastics are finding new applications, expanding the overall demand for timber resources.

The shift towards sustainable and biodegradable materials is increasing the demand for paper-based packaging solutions. With many governments and corporations pushing for eco-friendly alternatives to plastic, wood-derived products such as kraft paper, cardboard, and linerless labels are gaining traction. The direct thermal paper industry, for example, relies heavily on wood pulp, and growing logistics, e-commerce, and food packaging sectors are further driving its expansion.

The rising demand for wood and timber products is a result of multiple interlinked factors, from population-driven housing needs to sustainable product innovations. While the market continues to expand, challenges such as deforestation concerns, trade restrictions, and climate change impacts must be managed to ensure long-term sustainability. The shift toward certified and engineered wood products will likely shape the industry's future growth, with key players focusing on balancing economic and environmental priorities.

Wood And Timber Products Market Report Highlights:

  • Based on application, paper dominated the industry with a major revenue share of 58.9% in 2024 and is forecasted to grow rapidly from 2025 to 2030. The global demand for wood-based paper products is undergoing a transformation, with declining demand for traditional printing and writing paper but rising demand for packaging materials and hygiene products.
  • The demand for wood in the furniture industry is being driven by urbanization, rising disposable incomes, and shifting consumer preferences toward natural and sustainable materials. As more people move to cities, the demand for home and office furniture continues to rise, particularly in fast-growing economies like China, India, and Southeast Asia.
  • The textile industry is experiencing a surge in demand for wood-based fibers, particularly as consumers and brands seek alternatives to synthetic fibers like polyester, which contribute to microplastic pollution. Viscose, lyocell, and modal fibers, derived from wood pulp (mainly from eucalyptus, beech, and pine trees), are being widely adopted in the fashion and textile industries. These fibers offer softness, breathability, and biodegradability, making them an attractive choice for sustainable clothing, home textiles, and even industrial applications.
  • Wood-derived bio-chemicals are becoming increasingly important in sustainable manufacturing, pharmaceuticals, and industrial applications. The shift away from petroleum-based chemicals is driving demand for wood-based alternatives. With stricter environmental regulations on petrochemicals, industries are turning to bio-based solutions, increasing demand for wood-derived chemicals. Companies are investing in advanced processing technologies to extract high-value chemicals from wood byproducts, further integrating wood into green supply chains.
  • Forestry production in Southeast Asia is largely focused on tropical hardwoods, with countries like Malaysia and Vietnam being major exporters. However, concerns over deforestation and illegal logging have led to stricter regulations, encouraging the adoption of certified and legally sourced wood products. The Asia-Pacific region is also witnessing rising investment in wood-based textiles, with manufacturers producing viscose and lyocell fibers for the fashion industry.

Table of Contents

Chapter 1. Methodology and Scope

  • 1.1. Research Methodology
  • 1.2. Research Scope & Assumption
  • 1.3. Information Procurement
    • 1.3.1. Purchased Database
    • 1.3.2. GVR's Internal Database
    • 1.3.3. Secondary Sources & Third-Party Perspectives
    • 1.3.4. Primary Research
  • 1.4. Information Analysis
    • 1.4.1. Data Analysis Models
  • 1.5. Market Formulation & Data Visualization
  • 1.6. List of Data Sources

Chapter 2. Executive Summary

  • 2.1. Market Outlook, 2024 (USD Million)
  • 2.2. Segmental Outlook
  • 2.3. Competitive Insights

Chapter 3. Wood & Timber products Market Variables, Trends & Scope

  • 3.1. Market Lineage Outlook
  • 3.2. Industry Value Chain Analysis
  • 3.3. Technological Overview
  • 3.4. Regulatory Framework
  • 3.5. Market Dynamics
    • 3.5.1. Market Driver Analysis
    • 3.5.2. Market Restraint Analysis
    • 3.5.3. Industry Opportunities
    • 3.5.4. Industry Challenges
  • 3.6. Business Environmental Tools Analysis
    • 3.6.1. Porter's Five Forces Analysis
      • 3.6.1.1. Bargaining Power of Suppliers
      • 3.6.1.2. Bargaining Power of Buyers
      • 3.6.1.3. Threat of Substitution
      • 3.6.1.4. Threat of New Entrants
      • 3.6.1.5. Competitive Rivalry
    • 3.6.2. PESTLE Analysis, by SWOT
      • 3.6.2.1. Political Landscape
      • 3.6.2.2. Economic Landscape
      • 3.6.2.3. Social Landscape
      • 3.6.2.4. Technology Landscape
      • 3.6.2.5. Environmental Landscape
      • 3.6.2.6. Legal Landscape
  • 3.7. Market Disruption Analysis

Chapter 4. Wood & Timber Products Market: Application Estimates & Trend Analysis

  • 4.1. Key Takeaways
  • 4.2. Application Movement Analysis & Market Share, 2024 & 2030
  • 4.3. Global Wood & Timber Products Market by Application, 2018 - 2030 (USD Million)
    • 4.3.1. Furniture
      • 4.3.1.1. Market Revenue Estimates and Forecasts, 2018 - 2030 (USD Million)
    • 4.3.2. Paper
      • 4.3.2.1. Market Revenue Estimates and Forecasts, 2018 - 2030 (USD Million)
    • 4.3.3. Lumber
      • 4.3.3.1. Market Revenue Estimates and Forecasts, 2018 - 2030 (USD Million)
    • 4.3.4. Textiles
      • 4.3.4.1. Market Revenue Estimates and Forecasts, 2018 - 2030 (USD Million)
    • 4.3.5. Bio Chemicals
      • 4.3.5.1. Market Revenue Estimates and Forecasts, 2018 - 2030 (USD Million)
    • 4.3.6. Others
      • 4.3.6.1. Market Revenue Estimates and Forecasts, 2018 - 2030 (USD Million)

Chapter 5. Wood & Timber Products Market: Regional Estimates & Trend Analysis

  • 5.1. Key Takeaways
  • 5.2. Regional Market Share Analysis, 2024 & 2030
  • 5.3. North America
    • 5.3.1. Market Estimates And Forecasts, 2018 - 2030 (USD Million)
    • 5.3.2. Market Estimates & Forecasts, By Application, 2018 - 2030 (USD Million)
    • 5.3.3. U.S.
      • 5.3.3.1. Market Estimates And Forecasts, 2018 - 2030 (USD Million)
      • 5.3.3.2. Market Estimates & Forecasts, By Application, 2018 - 2030 (USD Million)
    • 5.3.4. Canada
      • 5.3.4.1. Market Estimates And Forecasts, 2018 - 2030 (USD Million)
      • 5.3.4.2. Market Estimates & Forecasts, By Application, 2018 - 2030 (USD Million)
    • 5.3.5. Mexico
      • 5.3.5.1. Market Estimates And Forecasts, 2018 - 2030 (USD Million)
      • 5.3.5.2. Market Estimates & Forecasts, By Application, 2018 - 2030 (USD Million)
  • 5.4. Europe
    • 5.4.1. Market Estimates And Forecasts, 2018 - 2030 (USD Million)
    • 5.4.2. Market Estimates & Forecasts, By Application, 2018 - 2030 (USD Million)
    • 5.4.3. Germany
      • 5.4.3.1. Market Estimates And Forecasts, 2018 - 2030 (USD Million)
      • 5.4.3.2. Market Estimates & Forecasts, By Application, 2018 - 2030 (USD Million)
    • 5.4.4. UK
      • 5.4.4.1. Market Estimates And Forecasts, 2018 - 2030 (USD Million)
      • 5.4.4.2. Market Estimates & Forecasts, By Application, 2018 - 2030 (USD Million)
    • 5.4.5. France
      • 5.4.5.1. Market Estimates And Forecasts, 2018 - 2030 (USD Million)
      • 5.4.5.2. Market Estimates & Forecasts, By Application, 2018 - 2030 (USD Million)
  • 5.5. Asia Pacific
    • 5.5.1. Market Estimates And Forecasts, 2018 - 2030 (USD Million)
    • 5.5.2. Market Estimates & Forecasts, By Application, 2018 - 2030 (USD Million)
    • 5.5.3. China
      • 5.5.3.1. Market Estimates And Forecasts, 2018 - 2030 (USD Million)
      • 5.5.3.2. Market Estimates & Forecasts, By Application, 2018 - 2030 (USD Million)
    • 5.5.4. India
      • 5.5.4.1. Market Estimates And Forecasts, 2018 - 2030 (USD Million)
      • 5.5.4.2. Market Estimates & Forecasts, By Application, 2018 - 2030 (USD Million)
    • 5.5.5. Japan
      • 5.5.5.1. Market Estimates And Forecasts, 2018 - 2030 (USD Million)
      • 5.5.5.2. Market Estimates & Forecasts, By Application, 2018 - 2030 (USD Million)
  • 5.6. Central & South America
    • 5.6.1. Market Estimates And Forecasts, 2018 - 2030 (USD Million)
    • 5.6.2. Market Estimates & Forecasts, By Application, 2018 - 2030 (USD Million)
  • 5.7. Middle East & Africa
    • 5.7.1. Market Estimates And Forecasts, 2018 - 2030 (USD Million)
    • 5.7.2. Market Estimates & Forecasts, By Application, 2018 - 2030 (USD Million)

Chapter 6. Competitive Landscape

  • 6.1. Key Players, their Recent Developments, and their Impact on Industry
  • 6.2. Competition Categorization
  • 6.3. Company Market Position Analysis
  • 6.4. Company Heat Map Analysis
  • 6.5. Strategy Mapping, 2024
  • 6.6. Company Listing
    • 6.6.1. Ogonek Custom Hardwoods, Inc.
      • 6.6.1.1. Company Overview
      • 6.6.1.2. Financial Performance
      • 6.6.1.3. Product Benchmarking
      • 6.6.1.4. Strategic Initiatives
    • 6.6.2. PotlatchDeltic Corporation
      • 6.6.2.1. Company Overview
      • 6.6.2.2. Financial Performance
      • 6.6.2.3. Product Benchmarking
      • 6.6.2.4. Strategic Initiatives
    • 6.6.3. Resolute Forest Products
      • 6.6.3.1. Company Overview
      • 6.6.3.2. Financial Performance
      • 6.6.3.3. Product Benchmarking
      • 6.6.3.4. Strategic Initiatives
    • 6.6.4. RSG Forest Products, Inc.
      • 6.6.4.1. Company Overview
      • 6.6.4.2. Financial Performance
      • 6.6.4.3. Product Benchmarking
      • 6.6.4.4. Strategic Initiatives
    • 6.6.5. Sierra Forest Products, Inc.
      • 6.6.5.1. Company Overview
      • 6.6.5.2. Financial Performance
      • 6.6.5.3. Product Benchmarking
      • 6.6.5.4. Strategic Initiatives
    • 6.6.6. Southern Pine Timber Products, Inc.
      • 6.6.6.1. Company Overview
      • 6.6.6.2. Financial Performance
      • 6.6.6.3. Product Benchmarking
      • 6.6.6.4. Strategic Initiatives
    • 6.6.7. Stora Enso Oyj
      • 6.6.7.1. Company Overview
      • 6.6.7.2. Financial Performance
      • 6.6.7.3. Product Benchmarking
      • 6.6.7.4. Strategic Initiatives
    • 6.6.8. Timbeck Architecture
      • 6.6.8.1. Company Overview
      • 6.6.8.2. Financial Performance
      • 6.6.8.3. Product Benchmarking
      • 6.6.8.4. Strategic Initiatives
    • 6.6.9. Timber Products Co. Limited Partnership
      • 6.6.9.1. Company Overview
      • 6.6.9.2. Financial Performance
      • 6.6.9.3. Product Benchmarking
      • 6.6.9.4. Strategic Initiatives
    • 6.6.10. US LBM Holdings, LLC
      • 6.6.10.1. Company Overview
      • 6.6.10.2. Financial Performance
      • 6.6.10.3. Product Benchmarking
      • 6.6.10.4. Strategic Initiatives
    • 6.6.11. West Fraser Timber Co. Ltd.
      • 6.6.11.1. Company Overview
      • 6.6.11.2. Financial Performance
      • 6.6.11.3. Product Benchmarking
      • 6.6.11.4. Strategic Initiatives
    • 6.6.12. Sterling Solutions LLC
      • 6.6.12.1. Company Overview
      • 6.6.12.2. Financial Performance
      • 6.6.12.3. Product Benchmarking
      • 6.6.12.4. Strategic Initiatives
    • 6.6.13. Weyerhaeuser Company
      • 6.6.13.1. Company Overview
      • 6.6.13.2. Financial Performance
      • 6.6.13.3. Product Benchmarking
      • 6.6.13.4. Strategic Initiatives

List of Tables

  • Table 1 Wood & Timber Products market estimates & forecasts, by application, 2018 - 2030 (USD Million)
  • Table 2 Wood & Timber Products market estimates & forecasts, by furniture, 2018 - 2030 (USD Million)
  • Table 3 Wood & Timber Products market estimates & forecasts, by paper, 2018 - 2030 (USD Million)
  • Table 4 Wood & Timber Products market estimates & forecasts, by lumber, 2018 - 2030 (USD Million)
  • Table 5 Wood & Timber Products market estimates & forecasts, by textile, 2018 - 2030 (USD Million)
  • Table 6 Wood & Timber Products market estimates & forecasts, by bio chemicals, 2018 - 2030 (USD Million)
  • Table 7 Wood & Timber Products market estimates & forecasts, by other application, 2018 - 2030 (USD Million)
  • Table 8 North America Wood & Timber Products market estimates & forecasts, 2018 - 2030 (USD Million)
  • Table 9 North America Wood & Timber Products market estimates & forecasts, by application, 2018 - 2030 (USD Million)
  • Table 10 U.S. Wood & Timber Products market estimates & forecasts, 2018 - 2030 (USD Million)
  • Table 11 U.S. Wood & Timber Products market estimates & forecasts, by application, 2018 - 2030 (USD Million)
  • Table 12 Canada Wood & Timber Products market estimates & forecasts, 2018 - 2030 (USD Million)
  • Table 13 Canada Wood & Timber Products market estimates & forecasts, by application, 2018 - 2030 (USD Million)
  • Table 14 Mexico Wood & Timber Products market estimates & forecasts, 2018 - 2030 (USD Million)
  • Table 15 Mexico Wood & Timber Products market estimates & forecasts, by application, 2018 - 2030 (USD Million)
  • Table 16 Europe Wood & Timber Products market estimates & forecasts, 2018 - 2030 (USD Million)
  • Table 17 Europe Wood & Timber Products market estimates & forecasts, by application, 2018 - 2030 (USD Million)
  • Table 18 Germany Wood & Timber Products market estimates & forecasts, 2018 - 2030 (USD Million)
  • Table 19 Germany Wood & Timber Products market estimates & forecasts, by application, 2018 - 2030 (USD Million)
  • Table 20 France Wood & Timber Products market estimates & forecasts, 2018 - 2030 (USD Million)
  • Table 21 France Wood & Timber Products market estimates & forecasts, by application, 2018 - 2030 (USD Million)
  • Table 22 UK Wood & Timber Products market estimates & forecasts, 2018 - 2030 (USD Million)
  • Table 23 UK Wood & Timber Products market estimates & forecasts, by application, 2018 - 2030 (USD Million)
  • Table 24 Asia Pacific Wood & Timber Products market estimates & forecasts, 2018 - 2030 (USD Million)
  • Table 25 Asia Pacific Wood & Timber Products market estimates & forecasts, by application, 2018 - 2030 (USD Million)
  • Table 26 China Wood & Timber Products market estimates & forecasts, 2018 - 2030 (USD Million)
  • Table 27 China Wood & Timber Products market estimates & forecasts, by application, 2018 - 2030 (USD Million)
  • Table 28 India Wood & Timber Products market estimates & forecasts, 2018 - 2030 (USD Million)
  • Table 29 India Wood & Timber Products market estimates & forecasts, by application, 2018 - 2030 (USD Million)
  • Table 30 Japan Wood & Timber Products market estimates & forecasts, 2018 - 2030 (USD Million)
  • Table 31 Japan Wood & Timber Products market estimates & forecasts, by application, 2018 - 2030 (USD Million)
  • Table 32 Central & South America Wood & Timber Products market estimates & forecasts, 2018 - 2030 (USD Million)
  • Table 33 Central & South America Wood & Timber Products market estimates & forecasts, by application, 2018 - 2030 (USD Million)
  • Table 34 Middle East & Africa Wood & Timber Products market estimates & forecasts, 2018 - 2030 (USD Million)
  • Table 35 Middle East & Africa Wood & Timber Products market estimates & forecasts, by application, 2018 - 2030 (USD Million)

List of Figures

  • Fig. 1 Information Procurement
  • Fig. 2 Primary Research Pattern
  • Fig. 3 Primary Research Process
  • Fig. 4 Market Research Approaches - Bottom-Up Approach
  • Fig. 5 Market Research Approaches - Top-Down Approach
  • Fig. 6 Market Research Approaches - Combined Approach
  • Fig. 7 Market Snapshot
  • Fig. 8 Segmental Outlook
  • Fig. 9 Competitive Outlook
  • Fig. 10 Market Drivers Impact Analysis
  • Fig. 11 Market Restraint Impact Analysis
  • Fig. 12 Industry Analysis - PORTERS
  • Fig. 13 Industry Analysis - PESTEL by SWOT
  • Fig. 14 Application: Key Takeaways
  • Fig. 15 Application: Market Share, 2024 & 2030
  • Fig. 16 Region, 2024 & 2030, (USD Million)
  • Fig. 17 Regional Marketplace: Key Takeaways
  • Fig. 18 Competition Categorization
  • Fig. 19 Company Market Positioning
  • Fig. 20 Strategy Mapping, 2024