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市场调查报告书
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1842343

美国兽医临床化学诊断市场规模、份额和趋势分析报告:按动物、产品、测试、样本、最终用途和细分市场预测,2025-2033 年

U.S. Veterinary Clinical Chemistry Diagnostics Market Size, Share & Trends Analysis Report By Animal (Production Animals, Companion Animals), By Product, By Test, By Sample, By End Use, And Segment Forecasts, 2025 - 2033

出版日期: | 出版商: Grand View Research | 英文 150 Pages | 商品交期: 2-10个工作天内

价格

美国兽医临床诊断市场摘要

预计 2024 年美国兽医临床化学诊断市场规模为 7.6405 亿美元,到 2033 年将达到 14.0532 亿美元,2025 年至 2033 年的复合年增长率为 7.19%。

该行业的发展主要得益于对预防和健康检测的日益重视、兽医院和专科诊所的扩张以及诊断技术和就地检验的进步。现代兽医护理强调对动物各生命阶段的预防性护理和健康筛检。在美国,饲主兽医每年为预防保健就诊的犬隻为1.5次,为预防性护理就诊的猫隻为0.7次。这一改善反映了对定期兽医就诊、预防保健和动物健康的投资增加。

临床化学检测使兽医能够监测器官功能、识别亚临床疾病,并为长期健康管理奠定基准。包括麻醉前检测、老年护理和年度体检在内的常规健康检查日益受到推广。此外,宠物保险也越来越普及,使得饲主更容易获得预防性诊断。这些积极主动的方法改善了动物健康,并确保了兽医领域对化学分析仪、试剂和实验室服务的持续需求。

美国各地兽医院、专科诊所和兽医院连锁机构的稳定成长,推动了对临床化学诊断的需求。多专科兽医院和转诊中心的兴起,推动了对快速可靠诊断能力的需求。这些机构需要内部分析设备来支援常规筛检、术前评估和重症患者的管理。大型连锁机构对兽医院服务的整合,推动了创新诊断工具的采用,并确保了护理的一致性。这种扩展增加了检测量,提高了诊断的可近性,并进一步将临床化学融入全球兽医护理路径。

由于技术的快速进步,美国兽医临床化学诊断行业正在蓬勃发展。增强型试剂、全自动桌上型系统和紧凑型即时诊断分析仪等创新技术使兽医能够在诊所更快速、更准确地进行检测。这些技术缩短了周转时间,提高了诊断准确性,并能够立即做出治疗决策。与数位平台的整合以及与兽医诊所管理系统的连接进一步提高了工作流程效率。可携式、使用者友善的系统对中小型诊所尤其具有吸引力。向诊所内即时诊断的转变减少了对外部实验室的依赖,提高了兽医的可及性和采用率。

目录

第一章调查方法与范围

第二章执行摘要

第三章美国兽医临床化学诊断市场趋势与展望

  • 市场体系展望
    • 母市场展望
    • 补贴市场展望
  • 市场动态
    • 市场驱动因素分析
    • 市场限制因素分析
    • 市场机会分析
    • 市场问题分析
  • 市场分析工具
    • 波特五力分析
    • PESTEL 与 SWOT 分析
  • 定价分析
  • 监管状况
  • 技术格局
  • 主要动物物种数量预估(2021-2024)

第四章美国兽医临床化学诊断市场:产品评估与趋势分析

  • 细分仪表板
  • 美国兽医临床化学诊断市场:产品差异分析
  • 2021-2033 年美国兽医临床化学诊断市场规模及趋势分析(依产品)
  • 耗材、试剂和套件
  • 设备和仪器

第五章美国兽医临床化学诊断市场:动物估计与趋势分析

  • 细分仪表板
  • 美国兽医临床化学诊断市场:动物变异分析
  • 美国兽医临床化学诊断市场规模及趋势分析(依动物种类,2021-2033)
  • 伴侣动物
    • 其他宠物
  • 生产动物
    • 家禽
    • 其他生产动物

第六章美国兽医临床化学诊断市场:测试估计和趋势分析

  • 细分仪表板
  • 美国兽医临床化学诊断市场:测试变异分析
  • 美国兽医临床化学诊断市场规模和趋势分析(按测试,2021-2033 年)
  • 肾功能检查(RFT)
  • 肝功能检查(LFT)
  • 电解质面板
  • 其他的

第七章美国兽医临床化学诊断市场:样本估计与趋势分析

  • 细分仪表板
  • 美国兽医临床化学诊断市场:样本变异性分析
  • 2021-2033 年美国兽医临床化学诊断市场规模及趋势分析
  • 血液/血浆/血清
  • 尿
  • 其他的

第八章美国兽医临床化学诊断市场:最终用途估计与趋势分析

  • 细分仪表板
  • 美国兽医临床化学诊断市场:最终用途变异分析
  • 美国兽医临床化学诊断市场规模及趋势分析(依最终用途),2021-2033
    • 参考实验室
    • 兽医
    • 动物饲主/生产者

第九章 竞争态势

  • 市场参与企业分类
    • 市场领导者
    • 新兴玩家
  • 企业市场分析/热图分析
  • 公司简介
    • IDEXX Laboratories, Inc.
    • Zoetis
    • Antech Diagnostics, Inc.(Mars Inc.)
    • Heska Corporation
    • Beckman Coulter
    • Siemens Healthineers AG
    • Randox Laboratories
    • Skyla Corporation
    • Woodley Equipment Company Ltd
    • ARKRAY, Inc
  • 战略地图
    • 併购
    • 伙伴关係与合作
    • 产品/服务发布
    • 其他的
  • 其他主要参与者名单
Product Code: GVR-4-68040-746-7

U.S. Veterinary Clinical Chemistry Diagnostics Market Summary

The U.S. veterinary clinical chemistry diagnostics market size was estimated at USD 764.05 million in 2024 and is projected to reach USD 1,405.32 million by 2033, growing at a CAGR of 7.19% from 2025 to 2033. The industry is primarily driven by increasing focus on preventive and wellness testing, expansion of veterinary practices and specialty clinics, and advancements in diagnostic technology and point-of-care testing. Modern veterinary practice is focused on preventive care, emphasizing wellness screening at all life stages of animals. The veterinarian visits for preventive care of pet owners are 1.5 times for dogs and 0.7 times for cats in the U.S. annually. This improvement reflects regular veterinary visits, preventive care, and growing investment in animal health.

Veterinarians can monitor organ function, identify subclinical diseases, and set baselines for long-term health management via clinical chemistry tests. Pre-anesthetic examinations, geriatric pet care, and yearly checkups are all increasingly promoting routine wellness testing. In addition, more people are getting pet insurance, which makes it easier for owners to have preventive diagnostics. This proactive approach improves animal health outcomes and ensures sustained demand for chemistry analyzers, reagents, and laboratory services in the veterinary sector.

The steady growth of veterinary practices, specialty clinics, and corporate veterinary chains across the U.S. is driving demand for clinical chemistry diagnostics. With more multi-specialty animal hospitals and referral centers, the need for rapid, reliable diagnostic capabilities is increasing. These facilities require in-house analyzers to support routine screenings, pre-surgical evaluations, and management of critical care patients. Large chains' consolidation of veterinary services boosts the widespread use of innovative diagnostic tools, guaranteeing consistency in treatment. This expansion increases testing volumes, improves diagnostic accessibility, and further incorporates clinical chemistry into global standard veterinary care pathways.

The U.S. veterinary clinical chemistry diagnostics industry is expanding due to rapid technology improvements. Veterinarians may now perform tests in-clinic more quickly and accurately because of innovations including enhanced reagents, fully automated benchtop systems, and small point-of-care analyzers. These technologies reduce turnaround time, improve diagnostic precision, and allow immediate treatment decisions. Integration of digital platforms and connectivity with veterinary practice management systems further enhances workflow efficiency. Portable and user-friendly systems are especially attractive to small and mid-sized practices. This shift toward real-time, in-practice diagnostics reduces reliance on external laboratories, boosting accessibility and driving widespread adoption among veterinarians.

U.S. Veterinary Clinical Chemistry Diagnostics Market Report Segmentation

This report forecasts revenue growth at the country level and provides an analysis of the latest industry trends in each of the sub-segments from 2021 to 2033. For this study, Grand View Research has segmented the U.S. veterinary clinical chemistry diagnostics market report based on product, animal, test, sample, and end use.

  • Product Outlook (Revenue, USD Million, 2021 - 2033)
  • Consumables, Reagents & Kits
  • Equipment & Instruments
  • Animal Outlook (Revenue, USD Million, 2021 - 2033)
  • Companion Animals
    • Dogs
    • Cats
    • Horses
    • Other Companion Animals
  • Production Animals
    • Cattle
    • Poultry
    • Swine
    • Other Production Animals
  • Test Outlook (Revenue, USD Million, 2021 - 2033)
  • Renal Function Test (RFT)
  • Liver Function Test (LFT)
  • Electrolyte Panel
  • Other Tests
  • Sample Type Outlook (Revenue, USD Million, 2021 - 2033)
  • Blood/Plasma/Serum
  • Urine
  • Other Samples
  • End Use Outlook (Revenue, USD Million, 2021 - 2033)
  • Reference Laboratories
  • Veterinarians
  • Animal Owners/ Producers

Table of Contents

Chapter 1. Methodology and Scope

  • 1.1. Market Segmentation and Scope
  • 1.2. Market Definitions
  • 1.3. Research Methodology
  • 1.4. Information Procurement
    • 1.4.1. Purchased Database
    • 1.4.2. GVR's Internal Database
    • 1.4.3. Secondary Sources
    • 1.4.4. Primary Research
  • 1.5. Information/Data Analysis
  • 1.6. Market Formulation & Visualization
  • 1.7. Data Validation & Publishing
  • 1.8. Model Details
    • 1.8.1. Commodity flow analysis
    • 1.8.2. Bottom Up Approach
    • 1.8.3. Multivariate Analysis
  • 1.9. List of Secondary Sources
  • 1.10. Objectives

Chapter 2. Executive Summary

  • 2.1. Market Outlook
  • 2.2. Segment Outlook
  • 2.3. Competitive Insights

Chapter 3. U.S. Veterinary Clinical Chemistry Diagnostics Market Variable Trends & Scope

  • 3.1. Market Lineage Outlook
    • 3.1.1. Parent Market Outlook
    • 3.1.2. Ancillary Market Outlook
  • 3.2. Market Dynamics
    • 3.2.1. Market Driver Analysis
      • 3.2.1.1. Increasing Focus on Preventive and Wellness Testing
      • 3.2.1.2. Expansion of Veterinary Practices and Specialty Clinics
      • 3.2.1.3. Advancements in Diagnostic Technology and Point-Of-Care Testing
    • 3.2.2. Market Restraint Analysis
      • 3.2.2.1. Stringent Regulatory Compliance and Approval Processes
    • 3.2.3. Market Opportunity Analysis
    • 3.2.4. Market Challenge Analysis
  • 3.3. Market Analysis Tools
    • 3.3.1. Porter's Five Forces Analysis
    • 3.3.2. PESTEL by SWOT Analysis
  • 3.4. Pricing Analysis
  • 3.5. Regulatory Landscape
  • 3.6. Technology Landscape
  • 3.7. Estimated Animal Population by Key Species, 2021 - 2024

Chapter 4. U.S. Veterinary Clinical Chemistry Diagnostics Market: Product Estimates & Trend Analysis

  • 4.1. Segment Dashboard
  • 4.2. U.S. Veterinary Clinical Chemistry Diagnostics Market: Product Movement Analysis
  • 4.3. U.S. Veterinary Clinical Chemistry Diagnostics Market Size & Trend Analysis, by Product, 2021 to 2033 (USD Million)
  • 4.4. Consumables, Reagents & Kits
    • 4.4.1. Consumables, Reagents & Kits Market Estimates and Forecasts, 2021 - 2033 (USD Million)
  • 4.5. Equipment & Instruments
    • 4.5.1. Equipment & Instruments Market Estimates and Forecasts, 2021 - 2033 (USD Million)

Chapter 5. U.S. Veterinary Clinical Chemistry Diagnostics Market: Animal Estimates & Trend Analysis

  • 5.1. Segment Dashboard
  • 5.2. U.S. Veterinary Clinical Chemistry Diagnostics Market: Animal Movement Analysis
  • 5.3. U.S. Veterinary Clinical Chemistry Diagnostics Market Size & Trend Analysis, by Animal, 2021 to 2033 (USD Million)
  • 5.4. Companion Animals
    • 5.4.1. Companion Animals Market Estimates and Forecasts, 2021 - 2033 (USD Million)
    • 5.4.2. Dogs
      • 5.4.2.1. Dogs Market Estimates and Forecasts, 2021 - 2033 (USD Million)
    • 5.4.3. Cats
      • 5.4.3.1. Cats Market Estimates and Forecasts, 2021 - 2033 (USD Million)
    • 5.4.4. Horses
      • 5.4.4.1. Horses Market Estimates and Forecasts, 2021 - 2033 (USD Million)
    • 5.4.5. Other companion animals
      • 5.4.5.1. Other companion animals Market Estimates and Forecasts, 2021 - 2033 (USD Million)
  • 5.5. Production Animals
    • 5.5.1. Production Animals Market Estimates and Forecasts, 2021 - 2033 (USD Million)
    • 5.5.2. Cattle
      • 5.5.2.1. Cattle Market Estimates and Forecasts, 2021 - 2033 (USD Million)
    • 5.5.3. Poultry
      • 5.5.3.1. Poultry Market Estimates and Forecasts, 2021 - 2033 (USD Million)
    • 5.5.4. Swine
      • 5.5.4.1. Swine Market Estimates and Forecasts, 2021 - 2033 (USD Million)
    • 5.5.5. Other production animals
      • 5.5.5.1. Other production animals Market Estimates and Forecasts, 2021 - 2033 (USD Million)

Chapter 6. U.S. Veterinary Clinical Chemistry Diagnostics Market: Test Estimates & Trend Analysis

  • 6.1. Segment Dashboard
  • 6.2. U.S. Veterinary Clinical Chemistry Diagnostics Market: Test Movement Analysis
  • 6.3. U.S. Veterinary Clinical Chemistry Diagnostics Market Size & Trend Analysis, by Test, 2021 to 2033 (USD Million)
  • 6.4. Renal Function Test (RFT)
    • 6.4.1. Renal Function Test (RFT) Market Estimates and Forecasts, 2021 - 2033 (USD Million)
  • 6.5. Liver Function Test (LFT)
    • 6.5.1. Liver Function Test (LFT) Market Estimates and Forecasts, 2021 - 2033 (USD Million)
  • 6.6. Electrolyte Panel
    • 6.6.1. Electrolyte Panel Market Estimates and Forecasts, 2021 - 2033 (USD Million)
  • 6.7. Others
    • 6.7.1. Others Market Estimates and Forecasts, 2021 - 2033 (USD Million)

Chapter 7. U.S. Veterinary Clinical Chemistry Diagnostics Market: Sample Estimates & Trend Analysis

  • 7.1. Segment Dashboard
  • 7.2. U.S. Veterinary Clinical Chemistry Diagnostics Market: Sample Movement Analysis
  • 7.3. U.S. Veterinary Clinical Chemistry Diagnostics Market Size & Trend Analysis, by Sample, 2021 to 2033 (USD Million)
  • 7.4. Blood/Plasma/Serum
    • 7.4.1. Blood/Plasma/Serum Market Estimates and Forecasts, 2021 - 2033 (USD Million)
  • 7.5. Urine
    • 7.5.1. Urine Market Estimates and Forecasts, 2021 - 2033 (USD Million)
  • 7.6. Others
    • 7.6.1. Others Market Estimates and Forecasts, 2021 - 2033 (USD Million)

Chapter 8. U.S. Veterinary Clinical Chemistry Diagnostics Market: By End Use Estimates & Trend Analysis

  • 8.1. Segment Dashboard
  • 8.2. U.S. Veterinary Clinical Chemistry Diagnostics Market: By End Use Movement Analysis
  • 8.3. U.S. Veterinary Clinical Chemistry Diagnostics Market Size & Trend Analysis, by End Use, 2021 to 2033 (USD Million)
    • 8.3.1. Reference Laboratories
      • 8.3.1.1. Reference Laboratories Market Estimates and Forecasts, 2021 - 2033 (USD Million)
    • 8.3.2. Veterinarians
      • 8.3.2.1. Veterinarians Market Estimates and Forecasts, 2021 - 2033 (USD Million)
    • 8.3.3. Animal Owners/ Producers
      • 8.3.3.1. Animal Owners/ Producers Market Estimates and Forecasts, 2021 - 2033 (USD Million)

Chapter 9. Competitive Landscape

  • 9.1. Market Participant Categorization
    • 9.1.1. Market Leaders
    • 9.1.2. Emerging Players
  • 9.2. Company Market Position Analysis/ Heat Map Analysis
  • 9.3. Company Profiles
    • 9.3.1. IDEXX Laboratories, Inc.
      • 9.3.1.1. Participant's Overview
      • 9.3.1.2. Financial Performance
      • 9.3.1.3. Product/ Service Benchmarking
      • 9.3.1.4. Strategic Initiatives
    • 9.3.2. Zoetis
      • 9.3.2.1. Participant's Overview
      • 9.3.2.2. Financial Performance
      • 9.3.2.3. Product/ Service Benchmarking
      • 9.3.2.4. Strategic Initiatives
    • 9.3.3. Antech Diagnostics, Inc. (Mars Inc.)
      • 9.3.3.1. Participant's Overview
      • 9.3.3.2. Financial Performance
      • 9.3.3.3. Product/ Service Benchmarking
      • 9.3.3.4. Strategic Initiatives
    • 9.3.4. Heska Corporation
      • 9.3.4.1. Participant's Overview
      • 9.3.4.2. Financial Performance
      • 9.3.4.3. Product/ Service Benchmarking
      • 9.3.4.4. Strategic Initiatives
    • 9.3.5. Beckman Coulter
      • 9.3.5.1. Participant's Overview
      • 9.3.5.2. Financial Performance
      • 9.3.5.3. Product/ Service Benchmarking
      • 9.3.5.4. Strategic Initiatives
    • 9.3.6. Siemens Healthineers AG
      • 9.3.6.1. Participant's Overview
      • 9.3.6.2. Financial Performance
      • 9.3.6.3. Product/ Service Benchmarking
      • 9.3.6.4. Strategic Initiatives
    • 9.3.7. Randox Laboratories
      • 9.3.7.1. Participant's Overview
      • 9.3.7.2. Financial Performance
      • 9.3.7.3. Product/ Service Benchmarking
      • 9.3.7.4. Strategic Initiatives
    • 9.3.8. Skyla Corporation
      • 9.3.8.1. Participant's Overview
      • 9.3.8.2. Financial Performance
      • 9.3.8.3. Product/ Service Benchmarking
      • 9.3.8.4. Strategic Initiatives
    • 9.3.9. Woodley Equipment Company Ltd
      • 9.3.9.1. Participant's Overview
      • 9.3.9.2. Financial Performance
      • 9.3.9.3. Product/ Service Benchmarking
      • 9.3.9.4. Strategic Initiatives
    • 9.3.10. ARKRAY, Inc
      • 9.3.10.1. Participant's Overview
      • 9.3.10.2. Financial Performance
      • 9.3.10.3. Product/ Service Benchmarking
      • 9.3.10.4. Strategic Initiatives
  • 9.4. Strategy Mapping
    • 9.4.1. Mergers & Acquisitions
    • 9.4.2. Partnerships & Collaborations
    • 9.4.3. Product/ Service launch
    • 9.4.4. Others
  • 9.5. List of other key players

List of Tables

  • Table 1 List of secondary sources
  • Table 2 U.S. Veterinary Clinical Chemistry Diagnostics Market Estimates and Forecasts, by Product, 2021 - 2033 (USD Million)
  • Table 3 U.S. Veterinary Clinical Chemistry Diagnostics Market Estimates and Forecasts, by Animal, 2021 - 2033 (USD Million)
  • Table 4 U.S. Veterinary Clinical Chemistry Diagnostics Market Estimates and Forecasts, by Test, 2021 - 2033 (USD Million)
  • Table 5 U.S. Veterinary Clinical Chemistry Diagnostics Market Estimates and Forecasts, by Sample, 2021 - 2033 (USD Million)
  • Table 6 U.S. Veterinary Clinical Chemistry Diagnostics Market Estimates and Forecasts, by End use, 2021 - 2033 (USD Million)
  • Table 7 Company Overview
  • Table 8 Product/Service Benchmarking
  • Table 9 Financial Performance
  • Table 10 Strategic Initiatives

List of Figures

  • Fig. 1 Market Segmentation
  • Fig. 2 Market Research Process
  • Fig. 3 Information Procurement
  • Fig. 4 Primary Research Pattern
  • Fig. 5 Market Research Approaches
  • Fig. 6 Value Chain-Based Sizing & Forecasting
  • Fig. 7 QFD Modelling for Market Share Assessment
  • Fig. 8 Market Formulation & Validation
  • Fig. 9 U.S. Veterinary Clinical Chemistry Diagnostics Market, 2021 - 2033 (USD Million)
  • Fig. 10 U.S. Veterinary Clinical Chemistry Diagnostics Market snapshot
  • Fig. 11 U.S. Veterinary Clinical Chemistry Diagnostics Market Driver Impact
  • Fig. 12 U.S. Veterinary Clinical Chemistry Diagnostics Market Restraint Impact
  • Fig. 13 U.S. Veterinary Clinical Chemistry Diagnostics Product Key Takeaways (USD Million)
  • Fig. 14 U.S. Veterinary Clinical Chemistry Diagnostics Market: Product, Market Share 2024 & 2033
  • Fig. 15 Consumables, Reagents & Kits Market, 2021 - 2033 (USD Million)
  • Fig. 16 Equipment & Instruments Market, 2021 - 2033 (USD Million)
  • Fig. 17 U.S. Veterinary Clinical Chemistry Diagnostics Animal Key Takeaways (USD Million)
  • Fig. 18 U.S. Veterinary Clinical Chemistry Diagnostics Market: Animal, Market Share 2024 & 2033
  • Fig. 19 Companion Animals Market Estimates and Forecasts, 2021 - 2033 (USD Million)
  • Fig. 20 Dogs Market Estimates and Forecasts, 2021 - 2033 (USD Million)
  • Fig. 21 Cats Market Estimates and Forecasts, 2021 - 2033 (USD Million)
  • Fig. 22 Horses Market Estimates and Forecasts, 2021 - 2033 (USD Million)
  • Fig. 23 Others Market Estimates and Forecasts, 2021 - 2033 (USD Million)
  • Fig. 24 Production Animals Market Estimates and Forecasts, 2021 - 2033 (USD Million)
  • Fig. 25 Cattle Market Estimates and Forecasts, 2021 - 2033 (USD Million)
  • Fig. 26 Poultry Market Estimates and Forecasts, 2021 - 2033 (USD Million)
  • Fig. 27 Swine Market Estimates and Forecasts, 2021 - 2033 (USD Million)
  • Fig. 28 Others Market Estimates and Forecasts, 2021 - 2033 (USD Million)
  • Fig. 29 U.S. Veterinary Clinical Chemistry Diagnostics Test Key Takeaways (USD Million)
  • Fig. 30 U.S. Veterinary Clinical Chemistry Diagnostics Market: Test, Market Share 2024 & 2033
  • Fig. 31 Renal Function Test (RFT) Market Estimates and Forecasts, 2021 - 2033 (USD Million)
  • Fig. 32 Liver Function Test (LFT) Market Estimates and Forecasts, 2021 - 2033 (USD Million)
  • Fig. 33 Electrolyte Panel Market Estimates and Forecasts, 2021 - 2033 (USD Million)
  • Fig. 34 Others Market Estimates and Forecasts, 2021 - 2033 (USD Million)
  • Fig. 35 U.S. Veterinary Clinical Chemistry Diagnostics Sample Key Takeaways (USD Million)
  • Fig. 36 U.S. Veterinary Clinical Chemistry Diagnostics Market: Sample, Market Share 2024 & 2033
  • Fig. 37 Blood/Plasma/Serum Market Estimates and Forecasts, 2021 - 2033 (USD Million)
  • Fig. 38 Urine Market Estimates and Forecasts, 2021 - 2033 (USD Million)
  • Fig. 39 Others Market Estimates and Forecasts, 2021 - 2033 (USD Million)
  • Fig. 40 U.S. Veterinary Clinical Chemistry Diagnostics Market by End Use: Key Takeaways
  • Fig. 41 U.S. Veterinary Clinical Chemistry Diagnostics Market by End Use, Market Share, 2024 & 2033
  • Fig. 42 Reference Laboratories Market Estimates and Forecasts, 2021 - 2033 (USD Million)
  • Fig. 43 Veterinarians Market Estimates and Forecasts, 2021 - 2033 (USD Million)
  • Fig. 44 Animal Owners/ Producers Market Estimates and Forecasts, 2021 - 2033 (USD Million)
  • Fig. 45 Market participant categorization