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市场调查报告书
商品编码
1870016
铁路车辆市场规模、份额和趋势分析报告:按产品、类型、列车类型、地区和细分市场预测(2025-2033 年)Rolling Stock Market Size, Share & Trends Analysis Report By Product (Locomotive, Rapid Transit Vehicle), By Type (Diesel, Electric), By Train Type, By Region, And Segment Forecasts, 2025 - 2033 |
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2024年全球铁路车辆市场规模估计为671.2亿美元,预计2033年将达到1,230.1亿美元。
预计从 2025 年到 2033 年,该市场将以 7.2% 的复合年增长率成长。铁路基础设施投资的增加、先进数位解决方案的日益普及以及对节能和永续交通系统的需求不断增长,是推动市场成长的关键因素。
新兴地区高速铁路网的扩张带来了新的机会,并有可能大幅提升对铁路车辆的需求。然而,市场也面临许多挑战,例如高昂的资本支出和较长的计划前置作业时间。一个值得关注的趋势是物联网 (IoT) 和预测性维护技术的融合,这些技术正在帮助铁路营运提高营运效率并减少停机时间。
多个政府机构和私人企业正致力于加强交通基础设施建设,并引进大量能够运输大量货物的铁路车辆,这促进了市场成长。例如,根据《全球铁路评论》报道,截至2023年1月,印度铁路承接了该国约27%的货运量。为此,印度政府的目标是在未来几年内将铁路货运份额提高到40%至45%左右。为实现这一目标,政府正着力推行多项战略倡议,包括与铁路车辆行业的主要企业开展合作与伙伴关係。这些措施包括引进先进的铁路车辆以及对相关铁路基础建设进行大量投资。
铁路基础设施投资的增加对铁路车辆市场的成长产生了显着影响。随着铁路基础设施投资的增加,铁路车辆现代化改造也日益受到重视。这包括升级机车,配备更强大的引擎;引入更先进的煞车系统;以及提升客车的舒适度。此外,还包括使用环保铁路车辆,例如电力机车和使用替代燃料的列车。铁路基础设施投资的增加也将促进铁路网的扩张,进而可能推动对铁路车辆的需求。
这包括采购新的机车、客车和货车,以满足扩建后铁路网的需求。基础设施升级,例如轨道改造(如减少弯道长度和引入现代化号誌系统),也促进了市场成长。例如,西门子于2023年3月宣布投资2.2亿美元,在美国北卡罗来纳州建造一座先进的製造和铁路服务设施。这些新设施可望推动铁路技术的进步,并保障全国各地的客运畅通。
科技进步使得设计和製造更节能的车辆成为可能。例如,现代电力火车头采用再生煞车技术,回收煞车过程中损失的能量并将其储存在车载电池中。这些能量随后被重新用于动力来源列车,从而降低整体消费量和成本。电脑视觉和人工智慧等新技术也为提升铁路运输安全做出了贡献。这些技术可用于侦测轨道障碍物、监控列车运行以及防撞。例如,列车自动控制系统(PTC)结合了全球定位系统(GPS)、无线通讯和车载计算机,能够自动减速和停车,从而防止事故发生。
近年来,铁路运输需求的不断增长显着推高了对铁路车辆及相关基础设施的需求。然而,列车、运作装置及相关基础设施的成本高且资本密集,需要地方政府和中央政府的大量财政支援。因此,多家铁路车辆製造商、铁路营运商和第三方供应商正致力于采用基于状态的即时维护程序,在列车运行过程中实施。即时分析程序能够辅助铁路管理部门进行维护工作。据报道,透过遵循这些程序,铁路车辆製造商每年可节省高达20亿美元的维护成本。
此外,铁路领域正在进行多项重大改革,为所有线路的列车和基础设施增添新功能。例如,2023年3月,KONCAR-ElektriCna vozila dd公司在普拉车站推出了一列柴油电力动车组列车。该列车最高时速可达120公里/小时,可容纳167名乘客。列车由三节低地板车厢组成,每侧设有四扇双开门。此外,列车还配备了两个轮椅坡道、自行车停车处以及覆盖所有乘客区域的监视录影机。乘客可享免费Wi-Fi,车站和站点还将提供视听广播。预计这种低地板列车将覆盖该地区50%的线路,有助于提升交通运输服务的品质。
对节能型列车的强劲需求正为铁路车辆产业创造巨大的成长机会。随着人们对环境永续性的日益关注以及燃料和能源成本的不断上涨,铁路营运商和政府正优先考虑在保持高性能和高可靠性的同时降低能耗的铁路车辆。随着各国实施更严格的排放法规并追求碳减排目标,包括电动式、混合动力列车、电池列车和氢燃料列车在内的节能型列车正受到越来越多的关注。这种全球向永续交通的转变正在刺激对先进列车技术的投资,为铁路车辆製造商、零件供应商和技术提供者创造了盈利空间。例如,加拿大国家铁路公司(CN)于2025年1月开始试运行中功率混合列车。
高昂的初始投资和维护成本限制了铁路车辆市场的成长。购买新的列车、客车、货车和地铁车辆需要大量的资本支出,这会给铁路营运商带来沉重的财务负担,尤其是在资金有限的发展中地区。配备最新技术的先进铁路车辆,例如节能推进系统、自动化、即时监控和预测性维护功能,价格高成本,使得大规模的车队升级和扩建面临挑战。例如,柴油机车的成本通常在50万美元到200万美元之间,而电力火车头的成本可能超过600万美元。成本会因多种因素而异,例如使用交流电 (AC) 还是直流电 (DC) 牵引、功率以及车载电子设备的类型。
The global rolling stock market size was estimated at USD 67.12 billion in 2024, and is projected to reach USD 123.01 billion by 2033, growing at a CAGR of 7.2% from 2025 to 2033. Increasing investments in railway infrastructure, growing adoption of advanced digital solutions, and rising demand for energy-efficient and sustainable transportation systems are key factors driving the market growth.
An emerging opportunity lies in the expansion of high-speed rail networks in developing regions, which could significantly boost rolling stock demand. However, the market faces challenges such as high capital expenditure and long project lead times. A notable trend is the integration of Internet of Things (IoT) and predictive maintenance technologies, enhancing operational efficiency and reducing downtime in railway operations.
Several government agencies and private entities are focusing on enhancing their transportation infrastructure while deploying a large number of rolling stock vehicles that can carry considerable loads of freight, ultimately contributing to market growth. For instance, as per Global Railway Review, as of January 2023, the Indian railways contribute approximately 27% of India's freight transport. Thus, the government of India is aiming to enhance the current share of railway freight transport to almost 40 - 45% in the coming years. As a result, the government is focusing on various strategic initiatives, including collaborations and partnerships with the major players in the rolling stock industry, to be undertaken in order to achieve its target. These initiatives involve high investments in the deployment of advanced rolling stock vehicles and advancements in the associated railway infrastructure.
Increasing investments in railway infrastructure are significantly impacting the rolling stock market growth. With increased investments in railway infrastructure, the focus on modernizing rolling stock is increasing. This involves upgrading locomotives with more powerful engines, installing better braking systems, and improving passenger comfort in coaches. Furthermore, it includes the use of environmentally friendly rolling stock, such as electric trains or trains powered by alternative fuels. Increased investments in railway infrastructure also lead to the expansion of railway networks, which can subsequently drive the demand for rolling stock.
This involves the purchase of new locomotives, coaches, and wagons to meet the needs of an expanded network. Infrastructure upgrades such as improvements to the tracks, which include reducing the number of curves or installing modern signaling systems, are also contributing to the market growth. For instance, in March 2023, Siemens announced an investment of USD 220 million to build advanced manufacturing and rail services facilities in North Carolina, U.S. These new facilities are expected to improve rail technology to aid passenger's smooth journey within the country.
Advances in technology have made it possible to design and produce energy-efficient rolling stock. For instance, modern electric locomotives use regenerative braking, which captures the energy lost during braking and stores it in onboard batteries. This energy can be used later to power the train, which reduces the overall energy consumption and costs. New technologies such as computer vision, and artificial intelligence are also making rail transportation safer. These technologies can be used to detect obstacles on the tracks, monitor train performance, and prevent collisions. For instance, Positive Train Control (PTC) technology uses GPS, wireless communication, and onboard computers to slow down or stop trains and prevent accidents automatically.
The increased preference for railway transportation has resulted in considerable demand for this rolling stock and supporting infrastructure in recent years. However, the high cost of trains, rolling equipment, and accompanying infrastructure are capital-intensive and require considerable financial support from local and central administrations. Therefore, several rolling stock OEMs, rail operators, and third-party suppliers are shifting their focus to condition-based maintenance procedures conducted in real-time while trains are in operation. The near-time analytics programs assist authorities in conducting rail maintenance. By following these procedures, the rolling stock OEMs are observed to reduce their maintenance costs up to USD 2 billion annually.
Besides, several major reforms are underway in the railway sector. New features will be added to trains and the infrastructure on all routes. For instance, in March 2023, the KONCAR - ElektriCna vozila dd, introduced an electric-diesel train at Pula Railway Station. The train can travel at a speed of 120 km/h and has a capacity of 167 passengers. It is a low-floor, three-part train with four double doors on each side. It contains two ramps for wheelchairs, space for bicycles, and video surveillance across the entire passenger area. Passengers receive free Wi-Fi and visual and auditory announcements at stations and stops. This factor is expected to enhance the quality of the transport service, as this type of low-floor train will cover 50% of the lines in this area.
The surge in demand for energy-efficient rolling stock presents a significant growth opportunity for the rolling stock industry. As concerns over environmental sustainability and rising fuel and energy costs intensify, railway operators and governments are increasingly prioritizing trains that consume less energy while maintaining high performance and reliability. Energy-efficient rolling stock, including electric, hybrid, battery-powered, and hydrogen-fueled trains, is gaining traction as countries implement stringent emissions regulations and pursue carbon reduction targets. This global shift toward sustainable mobility is driving investments in advanced train technologies, creating lucrative opportunities for rolling stock manufacturers, component suppliers, and technology providers. For instance, in January 2025, the Canadian National Railway (CN) launched a pilot project to test a medium-horsepower hybrid-electric train developed in collaboration with Knoxville Locomotive Works (KLW).
The high initial investment and maintenance costs associated with rolling stock restrain the market growth. Purchasing new trains, passenger coaches, freight wagons, or metro units requires substantial capital expenditure, which can be a major financial burden for railway operators, particularly in developing regions with limited funding. Advanced rolling stock equipped with modern technologies, such as energy-efficient propulsion systems, automation, real-time monitoring, and predictive maintenance features, comes at a high cost, making large-scale fleet modernization or expansion challenging. For instance, a diesel locomotive typically ranges in price from USD 500,000 to 2 million, whereas an electric locomotive can cost more than USD 6 million. The cost varies based on factors such as whether it uses AC or DC traction, its horsepower, and the type of electronics it includes.
Global Rolling Stock Market Report Segmentation
This report forecasts revenue growth at global, regional, and country levels and provides an analysis of the latest industry trends in each of the sub-segments from 2021 to 2033. For this study, Grand View Research has segmented the global rolling stock market report based on product, type, train type, and region.