美国、欧盟和中国监管机构应对平台经济的趋势

随着金融科技的发展和互联网环境的进步，金融服务提供者不再局限于传统的金融机构。 Fintech（金融科技）和大型科技公司通过平台模式提供各种金融服务。 随着金融服务日益数字化、智能化，维护金融市场稳定成为各国关注的焦点。

本报告分析了美国、欧盟 (EU) 和中国主要监管机构采取的监管行动。 □我们考虑四个重要考虑因素：风险防范。

目录

第一章金融科技对传统银行的影响

• 金融服务的互补效应
• 市场支撑效应

第二章大型科技公司对传统银行的影响

• 金融服务的替代方案
• 市场优势
• 网络安全和隐私保护
• 技术开发和提供
• 系统性风险

第三章国际监管机构的措施

• 数据收集和共享
  • 欧盟：数据法/数据治理法
  • 美国：促进数据共享和分析的隐私保护国家战略
  • 中国：数据安全法
• 有关隐私和安全的规定
  • 欧盟：通用数据保护条例 (GDPR)
  • 美国：美国数据隐私和保护法
  • 中国：个人信息保护法
• 算法公平性监管
  • 欧盟：值得信赖的人工智能道德准则
  • 美国：人工智能权利法案草案
  • 中国：个人信息保护法
• 科技公司的监管
  • 欧盟：数字服务法
  • 美国：《创新与选择法案》和《开放应用市场法案》
  • 中国：反垄断法

第 4 章国际监管机构的主要考虑因素

• 数据收集的完整性
  • 最新财务信息
  • 非财务信息
• 数据隐私和安全
• 技术应用的合理性
• 防范系统性风险
• MIC的意见

附录

• 公司名单

With the development of financial technology and the advancement of the internet environment, providers of financial services are no longer limited to traditional financial institutions. FinTech (Financial Technology) and big-tech companies offer diversified financial services through platform models. As financial services progress towards digitization and intelligence, maintaining financial market stability becomes a focus for countries. This report analyzes the regulatory measures taken by major supervisory authorities in the US (United States), the EU (European Union), China, and looks into four key considerations: data collection integrity, data privacy security, rationality of technology applications, and prevention of systemic risks.

Table of Contents

1.The Impact of Fintech on Traditional Banks

• 1.1 Complementary Effects of Financial Services
• 1.2 Market Supportive Effects

2. The Impact of BigTech on Traditional Banks

• 2.1 Replacement of Financial Services
• 2.2 Market Dominance
• 2.3 Cybersecurity and Privacy Protection
• 2.4 Technology Development and Provision
• 2.5 Systemic Risks

3. Measures Taken by Interntional Regularoty Authorities

• 3.1 Data Collection and Sharing
  • 3.1.1 EU: Data Act and Data Governance Act
  • 3.1.2 US: National Strategy for Privacy Protection in Promoting Data Sharing and Analysis
  • 3.1.3 China: Data Security Law
• 3.2 Privacy and Security Regulation
  • 3.2.1 EU: General Data Protection Regulation
  • 3.2.2 US: The American Data Privacy and Protection Act
  • 3.2.3 China: Personal Information Protection Law
• 3.3 Regulation of Algorithmic Fairness
  • 3.3.1 EU: Trustworthy AI Ethical Assessment Principles
  • 3.3.2 US: Artificial Intelligence Rights Blueprints
  • 3.3.3 China: Personal Information Protection Law
• 3.4 Regulation of Technology Companies
  • 3.4.1 EU: Digital Services Act
  • 3.4.2 US: The American Innovation and Choice Online Act and Open App Markets Act
  • 3.4.3 China: Anti-Monopoly Law

4.Key Considerations of International Regulatory Authorities

• 4.1 Data Collection Integrity
  • 4.1.1 Emerging Financial Information
  • 4.1.2 Non-Financial Information
• 4.2 Data Privacy Security
• 4.3 Rationality of Technology Applications
• 4.4 Prevention of Systemic Risks
• MIC Perspective

Appendix

• List of Companies

List of Tables

• Table 1 Specific Measures of the EU's "Data Act"
• Table 2 Measures of the EU "Data Law"
• Table 3 Seven Principles and Regulations of GDPR for Data Controllers
• Table 4 Five Principles and Regulations of GDPR for Data Subject Rights
• Table 5 Key Highlights of Chapters in the "US Data Privacy and Protection Act"
• Table 6 Protection of Individual Information Rights under the "Personal Information Protection Law"
• Table 7 Principles for Reliable AI Ethics Assessment
• Table 8 Principles of the United States Artificial Intelligence Rights Blueprint
• Table 9 Compliance Explanation of Automated Decision-Making in China
• Table 10 Regulations on Anti-Monopoly in China's Platform Economy

Companies covered

• Alibaba
• Amazon
• Apple
• BlackRock
• Google
• Google
• Gucci
• LVNA
• Meta
• Microsoft
• Target
• Tesla
• Ulta Beauty