封面
市场调查报告书
商品编码
1370495

牙科衬垫和基托市场:2023-2028 年全球行业趋势、份额、规模、成长、机会和预测

Dental Liners and Bases Market: Global Industry Trends, Share, Size, Growth, Opportunity and Forecast 2023-2028

出版日期: | 出版商: IMARC | 英文 148 Pages | 商品交期: 2-3个工作天内

价格

抽象的

市场概况:

2022年,全球牙科衬垫和基托市场规模达到14亿美元。展望未来,IMARC集团预计到2028年市场规模将达到18亿美元,2023-2028年复合年增长率(CAGR)为3.26%。

牙科衬垫和基托是改善患者修復和修復护理的材料。它们通常夹在牙洞准备之间,以防止细菌毒素对牙髓产生不利影响。清漆、氢氧化钙、磷酸锌、玻璃离聚物和树脂是一些常用的衬垫材料。它们以薄层形式涂抹,以密封牙本质在蛀牙底部和墙壁上,从而最大限度地减少或消除细菌的流入。另一方面,基底以厚层形式应用,并且非常坚固,可以在放置过程中支撑修復材料。牙科衬垫和基託也表现出高压缩和拉伸强度以及射线不透性特性。

牙科衬垫和基托市场趋势:

全球年轻人牙周病发病率不断上升,为市场创造了积极的前景。牙科衬垫和基托广泛用于降低术后敏感度,因为它们与牙齿具有牢固的粘合力,密封牙齿结构以防止微渗漏。此外,由于不健康的饮食习惯和缺乏适当的牙科护理而导致的口腔健康问题日益普遍,有利于市场的成长。与此一致的是,人们越来越意识到技术先进的牙科手术可以透过恢復牙齿的美观和功能状态来管理口腔健康,这也是另一个生长诱导因素。除此之外,製造商不断推出现有产品的新版本,包括在主要材料中添加聚合物和银,以及使用氧化锌丁香酚、具有杀菌性能的树脂改性玻璃离聚物,这些都为市场提供了动力生长。此外,牙齿封闭、牙髓保护、隔热和刺激次生牙本质形成等产品的广泛采用正在对市场成长产生积极影响。除此之外,易患牙科疾病的老年人口不断增加、消费者支出能力不断增强、医疗保健行业的显着增长以及政府促进牙科保健的有利倡议的实施都支持了市场的增长。

本报告回答的关键问题

  • 2022 年全球牙科衬垫和基托市场规模有多大?
  • 2023-2028年全球牙齿衬垫和基托市场的预期成长率是多少?
  • 推动全球牙科衬垫和基托市场的关键因素是什么?
  • COVID-19 对全球牙科衬垫和基托市场有何影响?
  • 根据材料,全球牙科衬垫和基托市场的细分情况如何?
  • 根据最终用户,全球牙科衬垫和基托市场的细分情况如何?
  • 全球牙科衬垫和基托市场的主要区域有哪些?
  • 全球牙科衬垫和基托市场的主要参与者/公司有哪些?

目录

第一章:前言

第 2 章:范围与方法

  • 研究目的
  • 利害关係人
  • 资料来源
    • 主要资源
    • 二手资料
  • 市场预测
    • 自下而上的方法
    • 自上而下的方法
  • 预测方法

第 3 章:执行摘要

第 4 章:简介

  • 概述
  • 主要行业趋势

第 5 章:全球牙科衬垫与基托市场

  • 市场概况
  • 市场业绩
  • COVID-19 的影响
  • 市场预测

第 6 章:按材料分類的市场

  • 氧化锌丁香酚
    • 市场走向
    • 市场预测
  • 玻璃离聚物
    • 市场走向
    • 市场预测
  • 树脂改质玻璃离聚物
    • 市场走向
    • 市场预测
  • 其他的
    • 市场走向
    • 市场预测

第 7 章:最终用户的市场区隔

  • 医院
    • 市场走向
    • 市场预测
  • 牙医诊所
    • 市场走向
    • 市场预测
  • 研究和学术机构
    • 市场走向
    • 市场预测

第 8 章:按地区分類的市场区隔

  • 北美洲
    • 美国
      • 市场走向
      • 市场预测
    • 加拿大
      • 市场走向
      • 市场预测
  • 亚太
    • 中国
      • 市场走向
      • 市场预测
    • 日本
      • 市场走向
      • 市场预测
    • 印度
      • 市场走向
      • 市场预测
    • 韩国
      • 市场走向
      • 市场预测
    • 澳洲
      • 市场走向
      • 市场预测
    • 印尼
      • 市场走向
      • 市场预测
    • 其他的
      • 市场走向
      • 市场预测
  • 欧洲
    • 德国
      • 市场走向
      • 市场预测
    • 法国
      • 市场走向
      • 市场预测
    • 英国
      • 市场走向
      • 市场预测
    • 义大利
      • 市场走向
      • 市场预测
    • 西班牙
      • 市场走向
      • 市场预测
    • 俄罗斯
      • 市场走向
      • 市场预测
    • 其他的
      • 市场走向
      • 市场预测
  • 拉丁美洲
    • 巴西
      • 市场走向
      • 市场预测
    • 墨西哥
      • 市场走向
      • 市场预测
    • 其他的
      • 市场走向
      • 市场预测
  • 中东和非洲
    • 市场走向
    • 按国家/地区分類的市场细分
    • 市场预测

第 9 章:SWOT 分析

  • 概述
  • 优势
  • 弱点
  • 机会
  • 威胁

第 10 章:价值链分析

第 11 章:波特五力分析

  • 概述
  • 买家的议价能力
  • 供应商的议价能力
  • 竞争程度
  • 新进入者的威胁
  • 替代品的威胁

第 12 章:价格分析

第13章:竞争格局

  • 市场结构
  • 关键参与者
  • 关键参与者简介
    • 3M Company
    • Bisco Industries
    • Den-Mat Holdings LLC
    • Dentsply Sirona
    • GC Corporation
    • Ivoclar Vivadent AG
    • Kerr Corporation
    • Pulpdent Corporation
    • Shofu Inc.
    • VOCO GmbH
Product Code: SR112023A6474

Abstract

Market Overview:

The global dental liners and bases market size reached US$ 1.4 Billion in 2022. Looking forward, IMARC Group expects the market to reach US$ 1.8 Billion by 2028, exhibiting a growth rate (CAGR) of 3.26% during 2023-2028.

Dental liners and bases are materials that improve restorative and prosthodontic care among patients. They are commonly sandwiched between the cavity preparation to prevent the adverse effects of bacterial toxins on pulp. Varnish, calcium hydroxide, zinc phosphate, glass ionomer, and resin are some of the common materials used as liners. They are applied in a thin layer to seal the dentin on the floor and walls of the cavity, minimizing or eliminating the influx of bacteria. On the other hand, bases are applied in a thick layer and are extremely strong to support a restorative material during placement. Dental liners and bases also exhibit high compressive and tensile strength and radiopacity properties.

Dental Liners and Bases Market Trends:

The increasing incidences of periodontic diseases among young adults across the globe are creating a positive outlook for the market. Dental liners and bases are widely used to reduce postoperative sensitivity as they offer a strong bond to the tooth, sealing the tooth structure to protect against microleakage. Additionally, the growing prevalence of oral health problems owing to unhealthy eating habits and a lack of proper dental care is favoring the market growth. In line with this, the rising awareness about technologically advanced dental procedures to manage oral health by restoring teeth in an aesthetic and functional state is acting as another growth-inducing factor. Apart from this, manufacturers are constantly introducing new versions of existing products, including the addition of polymers and silver in the prime material and the utilization of zinc oxide eugenol, resin-modified glass ionomers with bactericidal properties, which are providing an impetus to the market growth. Moreover, the widespread product adoption for dental sealing, pulpal protection, thermal insulation, and stimulation of secondary dentine formation is positively influencing the market growth. Besides this, the rising geriatric population susceptible to dental diseases, increasing expenditure capacities of consumers, significant growth in the healthcare industry, and the implementation of favorable government initiatives promoting dental care are supporting the market growth.

Key Market Segmentation:

IMARC Group provides an analysis of the key trends in each sub-segment of the global dental liners and bases market report, along with forecasts at the global, regional and country level from 2023-2028. Our report has categorized the market based on material and end user.

Breakup by Material:

Zinc Oxide Eugenol

Glass Ionomer

Resin-Modified Glass Ionomers

Others

Breakup by End User:

Hospitals

Dental Clinics

Research and Academic Institutes

Breakup by Region:

North America

United States

Canada

Asia-Pacific

China

Japan

India

South Korea

Australia

Indonesia

Others

Europe

Germany

France

United Kingdom

Italy

Spain

Russia

Others

Latin America

Brazil

Mexico

Others

Middle East and Africa

Competitive Landscape:

The competitive landscape of the industry has also been examined along with the profiles of the key players being 3M Company, Bisco Industries, Den-Mat Holdings LLC, Dentsply Sirona, GC Corporation, Ivoclar Vivadent AG, Kerr Corporation, Pulpdent Corporation, Shofu Inc. and VOCO GmbH.

Key Questions Answered in This Report

  • 1. What was the size of the global dental liners and bases market in 2022?
  • 2. What is the expected growth rate of the global dental liners and bases market during 2023-2028?
  • 3. What are the key factors driving the global dental liners and bases market?
  • 4. What has been the impact of COVID-19 on the global dental liners and bases market?
  • 5. What is the breakup of the global dental liners and bases market based on the material?
  • 6. What is the breakup of the global dental liners and bases market based on the end user?
  • 7. What are the key regions in the global dental liners and bases market?
  • 8. Who are the key players/companies in the global dental liners and bases market?

Table of Contents

1 Preface

2 Scope and Methodology

  • 2.1 Objectives of the Study
  • 2.2 Stakeholders
  • 2.3 Data Sources
    • 2.3.1 Primary Sources
    • 2.3.2 Secondary Sources
  • 2.4 Market Estimation
    • 2.4.1 Bottom-Up Approach
    • 2.4.2 Top-Down Approach
  • 2.5 Forecasting Methodology

3 Executive Summary

4 Introduction

  • 4.1 Overview
  • 4.2 Key Industry Trends

5 Global Dental Liners and Bases Market

  • 5.1 Market Overview
  • 5.2 Market Performance
  • 5.3 Impact of COVID-19
  • 5.4 Market Forecast

6 Market Breakup by Material

  • 6.1 Zinc Oxide Eugenol
    • 6.1.1 Market Trends
    • 6.1.2 Market Forecast
  • 6.2 Glass Ionomer
    • 6.2.1 Market Trends
    • 6.2.2 Market Forecast
  • 6.3 Resin-Modified Glass Ionomers
    • 6.3.1 Market Trends
    • 6.3.2 Market Forecast
  • 6.4 Others
    • 6.4.1 Market Trends
    • 6.4.2 Market Forecast

7 Market Breakup by End User

  • 7.1 Hospitals
    • 7.1.1 Market Trends
    • 7.1.2 Market Forecast
  • 7.2 Dental Clinics
    • 7.2.1 Market Trends
    • 7.2.2 Market Forecast
  • 7.3 Research and Academic Institutes
    • 7.3.1 Market Trends
    • 7.3.2 Market Forecast

8 Market Breakup by Region

  • 8.1 North America
    • 8.1.1 United States
      • 8.1.1.1 Market Trends
      • 8.1.1.2 Market Forecast
    • 8.1.2 Canada
      • 8.1.2.1 Market Trends
      • 8.1.2.2 Market Forecast
  • 8.2 Asia-Pacific
    • 8.2.1 China
      • 8.2.1.1 Market Trends
      • 8.2.1.2 Market Forecast
    • 8.2.2 Japan
      • 8.2.2.1 Market Trends
      • 8.2.2.2 Market Forecast
    • 8.2.3 India
      • 8.2.3.1 Market Trends
      • 8.2.3.2 Market Forecast
    • 8.2.4 South Korea
      • 8.2.4.1 Market Trends
      • 8.2.4.2 Market Forecast
    • 8.2.5 Australia
      • 8.2.5.1 Market Trends
      • 8.2.5.2 Market Forecast
    • 8.2.6 Indonesia
      • 8.2.6.1 Market Trends
      • 8.2.6.2 Market Forecast
    • 8.2.7 Others
      • 8.2.7.1 Market Trends
      • 8.2.7.2 Market Forecast
  • 8.3 Europe
    • 8.3.1 Germany
      • 8.3.1.1 Market Trends
      • 8.3.1.2 Market Forecast
    • 8.3.2 France
      • 8.3.2.1 Market Trends
      • 8.3.2.2 Market Forecast
    • 8.3.3 United Kingdom
      • 8.3.3.1 Market Trends
      • 8.3.3.2 Market Forecast
    • 8.3.4 Italy
      • 8.3.4.1 Market Trends
      • 8.3.4.2 Market Forecast
    • 8.3.5 Spain
      • 8.3.5.1 Market Trends
      • 8.3.5.2 Market Forecast
    • 8.3.6 Russia
      • 8.3.6.1 Market Trends
      • 8.3.6.2 Market Forecast
    • 8.3.7 Others
      • 8.3.7.1 Market Trends
      • 8.3.7.2 Market Forecast
  • 8.4 Latin America
    • 8.4.1 Brazil
      • 8.4.1.1 Market Trends
      • 8.4.1.2 Market Forecast
    • 8.4.2 Mexico
      • 8.4.2.1 Market Trends
      • 8.4.2.2 Market Forecast
    • 8.4.3 Others
      • 8.4.3.1 Market Trends
      • 8.4.3.2 Market Forecast
  • 8.5 Middle East and Africa
    • 8.5.1 Market Trends
    • 8.5.2 Market Breakup by Country
    • 8.5.3 Market Forecast

9 SWOT Analysis

  • 9.1 Overview
  • 9.2 Strengths
  • 9.3 Weaknesses
  • 9.4 Opportunities
  • 9.5 Threats

10 Value Chain Analysis

11 Porters Five Forces Analysis

  • 11.1 Overview
  • 11.2 Bargaining Power of Buyers
  • 11.3 Bargaining Power of Suppliers
  • 11.4 Degree of Competition
  • 11.5 Threat of New Entrants
  • 11.6 Threat of Substitutes

12 Price Analysis

13 Competitive Landscape

  • 13.1 Market Structure
  • 13.2 Key Players
  • 13.3 Profiles of Key Players
    • 13.3.1 3M Company
      • 13.3.1.1 Company Overview
      • 13.3.1.2 Product Portfolio
      • 13.3.1.3 Financials
      • 13.3.1.4 SWOT Analysis
    • 13.3.2 Bisco Industries
      • 13.3.2.1 Company Overview
      • 13.3.2.2 Product Portfolio
    • 13.3.3 Den-Mat Holdings LLC
      • 13.3.3.1 Company Overview
      • 13.3.3.2 Product Portfolio
    • 13.3.4 Dentsply Sirona
      • 13.3.4.1 Company Overview
      • 13.3.4.2 Product Portfolio
      • 13.3.4.3 Financials
      • 13.3.4.4 SWOT Analysis
    • 13.3.5 GC Corporation
      • 13.3.5.1 Company Overview
      • 13.3.5.2 Product Portfolio
    • 13.3.6 Ivoclar Vivadent AG
      • 13.3.6.1 Company Overview
      • 13.3.6.2 Product Portfolio
      • 13.3.6.3 SWOT Analysis
    • 13.3.7 Kerr Corporation
      • 13.3.7.1 Company Overview
      • 13.3.7.2 Product Portfolio
      • 13.3.7.3 SWOT Analysis
    • 13.3.8 Pulpdent Corporation
      • 13.3.8.1 Company Overview
      • 13.3.8.2 Product Portfolio
    • 13.3.9 Shofu Inc.
      • 13.3.9.1 Company Overview
      • 13.3.9.2 Product Portfolio
      • 13.3.9.3 Financials
    • 13.3.10 VOCO GmbH
      • 13.3.10.1 Company Overview
      • 13.3.10.2 Product Portfolio

List of Figures

  • Figure 1: Global: Dental Liners and Bases Market: Major Drivers and Challenges
  • Figure 2: Global: Dental Liners and Bases Market: Sales Value (in Billion US$), 2017-2022
  • Figure 3: Global: Dental Liners and Bases Market Forecast: Sales Value (in Billion US$), 2023-2028
  • Figure 4: Global: Dental Liners and Bases Market: Breakup by Material (in %), 2022
  • Figure 5: Global: Dental Liners and Bases Market: Breakup by End User (in %), 2022
  • Figure 6: Global: Dental Liners and Bases Market: Breakup by Region (in %), 2022
  • Figure 7: Global: Dental Liners and Bases (Zinc Oxide Eugenol) Market: Sales Value (in Million US$), 2017 & 2022
  • Figure 8: Global: Dental Liners and Bases (Zinc Oxide Eugenol) Market Forecast: Sales Value (in Million US$), 2023-2028
  • Figure 9: Global: Dental Liners and Bases (Glass Ionomer) Market: Sales Value (in Million US$), 2017 & 2022
  • Figure 10: Global: Dental Liners and Bases (Glass Ionomer) Market Forecast: Sales Value (in Million US$), 2023-2028
  • Figure 11: Global: Dental Liners and Bases (Resin-Modified Glass Ionomers) Market: Sales Value (in Million US$), 2017 & 2022
  • Figure 12: Global: Dental Liners and Bases (Resin-Modified Glass Ionomers) Market Forecast: Sales Value (in Million US$), 2023-2028
  • Figure 13: Global: Dental Liners and Bases (Other Materials) Market: Sales Value (in Million US$), 2017 & 2022
  • Figure 14: Global: Dental Liners and Bases (Other Materials) Market Forecast: Sales Value (in Million US$), 2023-2028
  • Figure 15: Global: Dental Liners and Bases (Hospitals) Market: Sales Value (in Million US$), 2017 & 2022
  • Figure 16: Global: Dental Liners and Bases (Hospitals) Market Forecast: Sales Value (in Million US$), 2023-2028
  • Figure 17: Global: Dental Liners and Bases (Dental Clinics) Market: Sales Value (in Million US$), 2017 & 2022
  • Figure 18: Global: Dental Liners and Bases (Dental Clinics) Market Forecast: Sales Value (in Million US$), 2023-2028
  • Figure 19: Global: Dental Liners and Bases (Research and Academic Institutes) Market: Sales Value (in Million US$), 2017 & 2022
  • Figure 20: Global: Dental Liners and Bases (Research and Academic Institutes) Market Forecast: Sales Value (in Million US$), 2023-2028
  • Figure 21: North America: Dental Liners and Bases Market: Sales Value (in Million US$), 2017 & 2022
  • Figure 22: North America: Dental Liners and Bases Market Forecast: Sales Value (in Million US$), 2023-2028
  • Figure 23: United States: Dental Liners and Bases Market: Sales Value (in Million US$), 2017 & 2022
  • Figure 24: United States: Dental Liners and Bases Market Forecast: Sales Value (in Million US$), 2023-2028
  • Figure 25: Canada: Dental Liners and Bases Market: Sales Value (in Million US$), 2017 & 2022
  • Figure 26: Canada: Dental Liners and Bases Market Forecast: Sales Value (in Million US$), 2023-2028
  • Figure 27: Asia-Pacific: Dental Liners and Bases Market: Sales Value (in Million US$), 2017 & 2022
  • Figure 28: Asia-Pacific: Dental Liners and Bases Market Forecast: Sales Value (in Million US$), 2023-2028
  • Figure 29: China: Dental Liners and Bases Market: Sales Value (in Million US$), 2017 & 2022
  • Figure 30: China: Dental Liners and Bases Market Forecast: Sales Value (in Million US$), 2023-2028
  • Figure 31: Japan: Dental Liners and Bases Market: Sales Value (in Million US$), 2017 & 2022
  • Figure 32: Japan: Dental Liners and Bases Market Forecast: Sales Value (in Million US$), 2023-2028
  • Figure 33: India: Dental Liners and Bases Market: Sales Value (in Million US$), 2017 & 2022
  • Figure 34: India: Dental Liners and Bases Market Forecast: Sales Value (in Million US$), 2023-2028
  • Figure 35: South Korea: Dental Liners and Bases Market: Sales Value (in Million US$), 2017 & 2022
  • Figure 36: South Korea: Dental Liners and Bases Market Forecast: Sales Value (in Million US$), 2023-2028
  • Figure 37: Australia: Dental Liners and Bases Market: Sales Value (in Million US$), 2017 & 2022
  • Figure 38: Australia: Dental Liners and Bases Market Forecast: Sales Value (in Million US$), 2023-2028
  • Figure 39: Indonesia: Dental Liners and Bases Market: Sales Value (in Million US$), 2017 & 2022
  • Figure 40: Indonesia: Dental Liners and Bases Market Forecast: Sales Value (in Million US$), 2023-2028
  • Figure 41: Others: Dental Liners and Bases Market: Sales Value (in Million US$), 2017 & 2022
  • Figure 42: Others: Dental Liners and Bases Market Forecast: Sales Value (in Million US$), 2023-2028
  • Figure 43: Europe: Dental Liners and Bases Market: Sales Value (in Million US$), 2017 & 2022
  • Figure 44: Europe: Dental Liners and Bases Market Forecast: Sales Value (in Million US$), 2023-2028
  • Figure 45: Germany: Dental Liners and Bases Market: Sales Value (in Million US$), 2017 & 2022
  • Figure 46: Germany: Dental Liners and Bases Market Forecast: Sales Value (in Million US$), 2023-2028
  • Figure 47: France: Dental Liners and Bases Market: Sales Value (in Million US$), 2017 & 2022
  • Figure 48: France: Dental Liners and Bases Market Forecast: Sales Value (in Million US$), 2023-2028
  • Figure 49: United Kingdom: Dental Liners and Bases Market: Sales Value (in Million US$), 2017 & 2022
  • Figure 50: United Kingdom: Dental Liners and Bases Market Forecast: Sales Value (in Million US$), 2023-2028
  • Figure 51: Italy: Dental Liners and Bases Market: Sales Value (in Million US$), 2017 & 2022
  • Figure 52: Italy: Dental Liners and Bases Market Forecast: Sales Value (in Million US$), 2023-2028
  • Figure 53: Spain: Dental Liners and Bases Market: Sales Value (in Million US$), 2017 & 2022
  • Figure 54: Spain: Dental Liners and Bases Market Forecast: Sales Value (in Million US$), 2023-2028
  • Figure 55: Russia: Dental Liners and Bases Market: Sales Value (in Million US$), 2017 & 2022
  • Figure 56: Russia: Dental Liners and Bases Market Forecast: Sales Value (in Million US$), 2023-2028
  • Figure 57: Others: Dental Liners and Bases Market: Sales Value (in Million US$), 2017 & 2022
  • Figure 58: Others: Dental Liners and Bases Market Forecast: Sales Value (in Million US$), 2023-2028
  • Figure 59: Latin America: Dental Liners and Bases Market: Sales Value (in Million US$), 2017 & 2022
  • Figure 60: Latin America: Dental Liners and Bases Market Forecast: Sales Value (in Million US$), 2023-2028
  • Figure 61: Brazil: Dental Liners and Bases Market: Sales Value (in Million US$), 2017 & 2022
  • Figure 62: Brazil: Dental Liners and Bases Market Forecast: Sales Value (in Million US$), 2023-2028
  • Figure 63: Mexico: Dental Liners and Bases Market: Sales Value (in Million US$), 2017 & 2022
  • Figure 64: Mexico: Dental Liners and Bases Market Forecast: Sales Value (in Million US$), 2023-2028
  • Figure 65: Others: Dental Liners and Bases Market: Sales Value (in Million US$), 2017 & 2022
  • Figure 66: Others: Dental Liners and Bases Market Forecast: Sales Value (in Million US$), 2023-2028
  • Figure 67: Middle East and Africa: Dental Liners and Bases Market: Sales Value (in Million US$), 2017 & 2022
  • Figure 68: Middle East and Africa: Dental Liners and Bases Market: Breakup by Country (in %), 2022
  • Figure 69: Middle East and Africa: Dental Liners and Bases Market Forecast: Sales Value (in Million US$), 2023-2028
  • Figure 70: Global: Dental Liners and Bases Industry: SWOT Analysis
  • Figure 71: Global: Dental Liners and Bases Industry: Value Chain Analysis
  • Figure 72: Global: Dental Liners and Bases Industry: Porter's Five Forces Analysis

List of Tables

  • Table 1: Global: Dental Liners and Bases Market: Key Industry Highlights, 2022 and 2028
  • Table 2: Global: Dental Liners and Bases Market Forecast: Breakup by Material (in Million US$), 2023-2028
  • Table 3: Global: Dental Liners and Bases Market Forecast: Breakup by End User (in Million US$), 2023-2028
  • Table 4: Global: Dental Liners and Bases Market Forecast: Breakup by Region (in Million US$), 2023-2028
  • Table 5: Global: Dental Liners and Bases Market: Competitive Structure
  • Table 6: Global: Dental Liners and Bases Market: Key Players