2024-2028 年全球免税零售市场
市场调查报告书
商品编码
1450071

2024-2028 年全球免税零售市场

Global Duty-free Retailing Market 2024-2028

出版日期: | 出版商: TechNavio | 英文 172 Pages | 订单完成后即时交付

价格

2023-2028年,免税零售市场预计将达到339.3亿美元,预测期内复合年增长率为11.28%。

该报告包括对免税零售市场的整体分析、市场规模和预测、趋势、成长动力、挑战以及涵盖约 25 家供应商的供应商分析。

它提供了对当前市场状况、最新趋势和驱动因素以及整体市场环境的最新分析。该市场的推动因素包括国际观光数量的增加、提供免税产品的零售商数量的增加以及高级产品的消费税豁免。

市场范围
基准年 2024年
结束年份 2028年
预测期 2024-2028
成长动力 加速度
2024年与前一年同期比较 13.77%
复合年增长率 11.28%
增量 339.3亿美元

研究指出,人们越来越关注改善旅客的购物体验,这是未来几年推动免税零售市场成长的关键因素之一。此外,新兴市场免税店的扩张和免税零售的高成长率将带来巨大的市场需求。

目录

第一章执行摘要

  • 市场概况

第二章 市场形势

  • 市场生态系统

第三章 市场规模

  • 市场定义
  • 细分市场分析
  • 2023 年市场规模
  • 2023-2028年市场展望

第四章 市场规模表现

  • 免税零售全球市场 2018-2022
  • 2018-2022年产品細項分析
  • 2018-2022年通路細項分析
  • 2018-2022 年区域細項分析
  • 2018-2022 年国家細項分析

第五章五力分析

  • 五力摘要
  • 买方议价能力
  • 供应商的议价能力
  • 新进入者的威胁
  • 替代品的威胁
  • 竞争威胁
  • 市场状况

第六章市场区隔:依产品

  • 细分市场
  • 比较:按产品
  • 化妆品与香水:2023-2028 年市场规模与预测
  • 时尚服饰与配件:2023-2028 年市场规模与预测
  • 烟草与酒精饮料:2023-2028 年市场规模与预测
  • 糖果零食与优质食品:2023-2028 年市场规模与预测
  • 市场机会:依产品分类

第七章市场区隔:按分销管道

  • 细分市场
  • 比较:按分销管道
  • 机场:2023-2028 年市场规模与预测
  • 边境/市中心/饭店:2023-2028 年市场规模与预测
  • 其他:2023-2028年市场规模与预测
  • 市场机会:依分销管道划分

第八章 客户形势

  • 客户形势概览

第九章 地区形势

  • 区域细分
  • 区域比较
  • 亚太地区:2023-2028 年市场规模与预测
  • 欧洲:2023-2028 年市场规模与预测
  • 北美:2023-2028 年市场规模与预测
  • 中东和非洲:2023-2028 年市场规模与预测
  • 南美洲:2023-2028年市场规模与预测
  • 中国:2023-2028年市场规模及预测
  • 美国:2023-2028 年市场规模与预测
  • 德国:2023-2028 年市场规模与预测
  • 日本:2023-2028年市场规模与预测
  • 法国:2023-2028年市场规模与预测
  • 市场机会:依地区形势

第 10 章 驱动因素、挑战与趋势

  • 市场驱动因素
  • 市场挑战
  • 驱动因素和挑战的影响
  • 市场趋势

第十一章 供应商形势

  • 概述
  • 供应商形势
  • 混乱的情况
  • 产业风险

第十二章供应商分析

  • 交易厂商
  • 供应商市场定位
  • Aer Rianta International
  • Avolta AG
  • China international travel service co. LTD.
  • Delhi Duty Free Services Pvt. Ltd.
  • DFS Group Ltd.
  • Dubai Duty Free
  • Duty Free Americas Inc.
  • Ever Rich Duty Free Shop
  • Flemingo International
  • Gebr. Heinemann SE and Co. KG
  • Hyundai Department Store Group Co. Ltd.
  • Japan Airport Terminal Co. Ltd.
  • King Power Group
  • Lagardere SA
  • Lotte Corp.

第十三章附录

Product Code: IRTNTR40625

The duty-free retailing market is forecasted to grow by USD 33.93 bn during 2023-2028, accelerating at a CAGR of 11.28% during the forecast period. The report on the duty-free retailing market provides a holistic analysis, market size and forecast, trends, growth drivers, and challenges, as well as vendor analysis covering around 25 vendors.

The report offers an up-to-date analysis regarding the current market scenario, the latest trends and drivers, and the overall market environment. The market is driven by growing international tourism, growing number of retail stores offering duty-free products, and exemption of excise duty on premium products.

Technavio's duty-free retailing market is segmented as below:

Market Scope
Base Year2024
End Year2028
Series Year2024-2028
Growth MomentumAccelerate
YOY 202413.77%
CAGR11.28%
Incremental Value$33.93bn

By Product

  • Cosmetics and perfumes
  • Fashion apparel and accessories
  • Tobacco and alcoholic beverages
  • Confectionery and fine foods

By Distribution Channel

  • Airport
  • Border/downtown/hotel
  • Others

By Geographical Landscape

  • APAC
  • Europe
  • North America
  • Middle East and Africa
  • South America

This study identifies the growing focus on enhancing shopping experience of travelers as one of the prime reasons driving the duty-free retailing market growth during the next few years. Also, rising expansion of duty-free stores and high growth rate of duty-free retailing in developing regions will lead to sizable demand in the market.

The report on the duty-free retailing market covers the following areas:

  • Duty-free retailing market sizing
  • Duty-free retailing market forecast
  • Duty-free retailing market industry analysis

The robust vendor analysis is designed to help clients improve their market position, and in line with this, this report provides a detailed analysis of several leading duty-free retailing market vendors that include 3Sixty Duty Free, Aer Rianta International, Avolta AG, China international travel service co. LTD., Delhi Duty Free Services Pvt. Ltd., DFS Group Ltd., Dubai Duty Free, Duty Free Americas Inc., Duty Free Philippines Corp., Ever Rich Duty Free Shop, Flemingo International, Gebr. Heinemann SE and Co. KG, Hyundai Department Store Group Co. Ltd., James Richardson Group, Lagardere SA, Lotte Corp., Mumbai Duty Free, SHINSEGAE INTERNATIONAL, The Shilla Duty free, Changi Airport Group Singapore Pte. Ltd., Japan Airport Terminal Co. Ltd., King Power Group, and Qatar Airways. Also, the duty-free retailing market analysis report includes information on upcoming trends and challenges that will influence market growth. This is to help companies strategize and leverage all forthcoming growth opportunities.

The study was conducted using an objective combination of primary and secondary information including inputs from key participants in the industry. The report contains a comprehensive market and vendor landscape in addition to an analysis of the key vendors.

The publisher presents a detailed picture of the market by the way of study, synthesis, and summation of data from multiple sources by an analysis of key parameters such as profit, pricing, competition, and promotions. It presents various market facets by identifying the key industry influencers. The data presented is comprehensive, reliable, and a result of extensive research - both primary and secondary. The market research reports provide a complete competitive landscape and an in-depth vendor selection methodology and analysis using qualitative and quantitative research to forecast the accurate market growth.

Table of Contents

1 Executive Summary

  • 1.1 Market overview

2 Market Landscape

  • 2.1 Market ecosystem

3 Market Sizing

  • 3.1 Market definition
  • 3.2 Market segment analysis
  • 3.3 Market size 2023
  • 3.4 Market outlook: Forecast for 2023-2028

4 Historic Market Size

  • 4.1 Global duty-free retailing market 2018 - 2022
  • 4.2 Product Segment Analysis 2018 - 2022
  • 4.3 Distribution Channel Segment Analysis 2018 - 2022
  • 4.4 Geography Segment Analysis 2018 - 2022
  • 4.5 Country Segment Analysis 2018 - 2022

5 Five Forces Analysis

  • 5.1 Five forces summary
  • 5.2 Bargaining power of buyers
  • 5.3 Bargaining power of suppliers
  • 5.4 Threat of new entrants
  • 5.5 Threat of substitutes
  • 5.6 Threat of rivalry
  • 5.7 Market condition

6 Market Segmentation by Product

  • 6.1 Market segments
  • 6.2 Comparison by Product
  • 6.3 Cosmetics and perfumes - Market size and forecast 2023-2028
  • 6.4 Fashion apparel and accessories - Market size and forecast 2023-2028
  • 6.5 Tobacco and alcoholic beverages - Market size and forecast 2023-2028
  • 6.6 Confectionery and fine foods - Market size and forecast 2023-2028
  • 6.7 Market opportunity by Product

7 Market Segmentation by Distribution Channel

  • 7.1 Market segments
  • 7.2 Comparison by Distribution Channel
  • 7.3 Airport - Market size and forecast 2023-2028
  • 7.4 Border/downtown/hotel - Market size and forecast 2023-2028
  • 7.5 Others - Market size and forecast 2023-2028
  • 7.6 Market opportunity by Distribution Channel

8 Customer Landscape

  • 8.1 Customer landscape overview

9 Geographic Landscape

  • 9.1 Geographic segmentation
  • 9.2 Geographic comparison
  • 9.3 APAC - Market size and forecast 2023-2028
  • 9.4 Europe - Market size and forecast 2023-2028
  • 9.5 North America - Market size and forecast 2023-2028
  • 9.6 Middle East and Africa - Market size and forecast 2023-2028
  • 9.7 South America - Market size and forecast 2023-2028
  • 9.8 China - Market size and forecast 2023-2028
  • 9.9 US - Market size and forecast 2023-2028
  • 9.10 Germany - Market size and forecast 2023-2028
  • 9.11 Japan - Market size and forecast 2023-2028
  • 9.12 France - Market size and forecast 2023-2028
  • 9.13 Market opportunity By Geographical Landscape

10 Drivers, Challenges, and Trends

  • 10.1 Market drivers
  • 10.2 Market challenges
  • 10.3 Impact of drivers and challenges
  • 10.4 Market trends

11 Vendor Landscape

  • 11.1 Overview
  • 11.2 Vendor landscape
  • 11.3 Landscape disruption
  • 11.4 Industry risks

12 Vendor Analysis

  • 12.1 Vendors covered
  • 12.2 Market positioning of vendors
  • 12.3 Aer Rianta International
  • 12.4 Avolta AG
  • 12.5 China international travel service co. LTD.
  • 12.6 Delhi Duty Free Services Pvt. Ltd.
  • 12.7 DFS Group Ltd.
  • 12.8 Dubai Duty Free
  • 12.9 Duty Free Americas Inc.
  • 12.10 Ever Rich Duty Free Shop
  • 12.11 Flemingo International
  • 12.12 Gebr. Heinemann SE and Co. KG
  • 12.13 Hyundai Department Store Group Co. Ltd.
  • 12.14 Japan Airport Terminal Co. Ltd.
  • 12.15 King Power Group
  • 12.16 Lagardere SA
  • 12.17 Lotte Corp.

13 Appendix

  • 13.1 Scope of the report
  • 13.2 Inclusions and exclusions checklist
  • 13.3 Currency conversion rates for US$
  • 13.4 Research methodology
  • 13.5 List of abbreviations

Exhibits:

  • Exhibits1: Executive Summary - Chart on Market Overview
  • Exhibits2: Executive Summary - Data Table on Market Overview
  • Exhibits3: Executive Summary - Chart on Global Market Characteristics
  • Exhibits4: Executive Summary - Chart on Market By Geographical Landscape
  • Exhibits5: Executive Summary - Chart on Market Segmentation by Product
  • Exhibits6: Executive Summary - Chart on Market Segmentation by Distribution Channel
  • Exhibits7: Executive Summary - Chart on Incremental Growth
  • Exhibits8: Executive Summary - Data Table on Incremental Growth
  • Exhibits9: Executive Summary - Chart on Vendor Market Positioning
  • Exhibits10: Parent market
  • Exhibits11: Market Characteristics
  • Exhibits12: Offerings of vendors included in the market definition
  • Exhibits13: Market segments
  • Exhibits14: Chart on Global - Market size and forecast 2023-2028 ($ billion)
  • Exhibits15: Data Table on Global - Market size and forecast 2023-2028 ($ billion)
  • Exhibits16: Chart on Global Market: Year-over-year growth 2023-2028 (%)
  • Exhibits17: Data Table on Global Market: Year-over-year growth 2023-2028 (%)
  • Exhibits18: Historic Market Size - Data Table on global duty-free retailing market 2018 - 2022 ($ billion)
  • Exhibits19: Historic Market Size - Product Segment 2018 - 2022 ($ billion)
  • Exhibits20: Historic Market Size - Distribution Channel Segment 2018 - 2022 ($ billion)
  • Exhibits21: Historic Market Size - Geography Segment 2018 - 2022 ($ billion)
  • Exhibits22: Historic Market Size - Country Segment 2018 - 2022 ($ billion)
  • Exhibits23: Five forces analysis - Comparison between 2023 and 2028
  • Exhibits24: Chart on Bargaining power of buyers - Impact of key factors 2023 and 2028
  • Exhibits25: Bargaining power of suppliers - Impact of key factors in 2023 and 2028
  • Exhibits26: Threat of new entrants - Impact of key factors in 2023 and 2028
  • Exhibits27: Threat of substitutes - Impact of key factors in 2023 and 2028
  • Exhibits28: Threat of rivalry - Impact of key factors in 2023 and 2028
  • Exhibits29: Chart on Market condition - Five forces 2023 and 2028
  • Exhibits30: Chart on Product - Market share 2023-2028 (%)
  • Exhibits31: Data Table on Product - Market share 2023-2028 (%)
  • Exhibits32: Chart on Comparison by Product
  • Exhibits33: Data Table on Comparison by Product
  • Exhibits34: Chart on Cosmetics and perfumes - Market size and forecast 2023-2028 ($ billion)
  • Exhibits35: Data Table on Cosmetics and perfumes - Market size and forecast 2023-2028 ($ billion)
  • Exhibits36: Chart on Cosmetics and perfumes - Year-over-year growth 2023-2028 (%)
  • Exhibits37: Data Table on Cosmetics and perfumes - Year-over-year growth 2023-2028 (%)
  • Exhibits38: Chart on Fashion apparel and accessories - Market size and forecast 2023-2028 ($ billion)
  • Exhibits39: Data Table on Fashion apparel and accessories - Market size and forecast 2023-2028 ($ billion)
  • Exhibits40: Chart on Fashion apparel and accessories - Year-over-year growth 2023-2028 (%)
  • Exhibits41: Data Table on Fashion apparel and accessories - Year-over-year growth 2023-2028 (%)
  • Exhibits42: Chart on Tobacco and alcoholic beverages - Market size and forecast 2023-2028 ($ billion)
  • Exhibits43: Data Table on Tobacco and alcoholic beverages - Market size and forecast 2023-2028 ($ billion)
  • Exhibits44: Chart on Tobacco and alcoholic beverages - Year-over-year growth 2023-2028 (%)
  • Exhibits45: Data Table on Tobacco and alcoholic beverages - Year-over-year growth 2023-2028 (%)
  • Exhibits46: Chart on Confectionery and fine foods - Market size and forecast 2023-2028 ($ billion)
  • Exhibits47: Data Table on Confectionery and fine foods - Market size and forecast 2023-2028 ($ billion)
  • Exhibits48: Chart on Confectionery and fine foods - Year-over-year growth 2023-2028 (%)
  • Exhibits49: Data Table on Confectionery and fine foods - Year-over-year growth 2023-2028 (%)
  • Exhibits50: Market opportunity by Product ($ billion)
  • Exhibits51: Data Table on Market opportunity by Product ($ billion)
  • Exhibits52: Chart on Distribution Channel - Market share 2023-2028 (%)
  • Exhibits53: Data Table on Distribution Channel - Market share 2023-2028 (%)
  • Exhibits54: Chart on Comparison by Distribution Channel
  • Exhibits55: Data Table on Comparison by Distribution Channel
  • Exhibits56: Chart on Airport - Market size and forecast 2023-2028 ($ billion)
  • Exhibits57: Data Table on Airport - Market size and forecast 2023-2028 ($ billion)
  • Exhibits58: Chart on Airport - Year-over-year growth 2023-2028 (%)
  • Exhibits59: Data Table on Airport - Year-over-year growth 2023-2028 (%)
  • Exhibits60: Chart on Border/downtown/hotel - Market size and forecast 2023-2028 ($ billion)
  • Exhibits61: Data Table on Border/downtown/hotel - Market size and forecast 2023-2028 ($ billion)
  • Exhibits62: Chart on Border/downtown/hotel - Year-over-year growth 2023-2028 (%)
  • Exhibits63: Data Table on Border/downtown/hotel - Year-over-year growth 2023-2028 (%)
  • Exhibits64: Chart on Others - Market size and forecast 2023-2028 ($ billion)
  • Exhibits65: Data Table on Others - Market size and forecast 2023-2028 ($ billion)
  • Exhibits66: Chart on Others - Year-over-year growth 2023-2028 (%)
  • Exhibits67: Data Table on Others - Year-over-year growth 2023-2028 (%)
  • Exhibits68: Market opportunity by Distribution Channel ($ billion)
  • Exhibits69: Data Table on Market opportunity by Distribution Channel ($ billion)
  • Exhibits70: Analysis of price sensitivity, lifecycle, customer purchase basket, adoption rates, and purchase criteria
  • Exhibits71: Chart on Market share By Geographical Landscape 2023-2028 (%)
  • Exhibits72: Data Table on Market share By Geographical Landscape 2023-2028 (%)
  • Exhibits73: Chart on Geographic comparison
  • Exhibits74: Data Table on Geographic comparison
  • Exhibits75: Chart on APAC - Market size and forecast 2023-2028 ($ billion)
  • Exhibits76: Data Table on APAC - Market size and forecast 2023-2028 ($ billion)
  • Exhibits77: Chart on APAC - Year-over-year growth 2023-2028 (%)
  • Exhibits78: Data Table on APAC - Year-over-year growth 2023-2028 (%)
  • Exhibits79: Chart on Europe - Market size and forecast 2023-2028 ($ billion)
  • Exhibits80: Data Table on Europe - Market size and forecast 2023-2028 ($ billion)
  • Exhibits81: Chart on Europe - Year-over-year growth 2023-2028 (%)
  • Exhibits82: Data Table on Europe - Year-over-year growth 2023-2028 (%)
  • Exhibits83: Chart on North America - Market size and forecast 2023-2028 ($ billion)
  • Exhibits84: Data Table on North America - Market size and forecast 2023-2028 ($ billion)
  • Exhibits85: Chart on North America - Year-over-year growth 2023-2028 (%)
  • Exhibits86: Data Table on North America - Year-over-year growth 2023-2028 (%)
  • Exhibits87: Chart on Middle East and Africa - Market size and forecast 2023-2028 ($ billion)
  • Exhibits88: Data Table on Middle East and Africa - Market size and forecast 2023-2028 ($ billion)
  • Exhibits89: Chart on Middle East and Africa - Year-over-year growth 2023-2028 (%)
  • Exhibits90: Data Table on Middle East and Africa - Year-over-year growth 2023-2028 (%)
  • Exhibits91: Chart on South America - Market size and forecast 2023-2028 ($ billion)
  • Exhibits92: Data Table on South America - Market size and forecast 2023-2028 ($ billion)
  • Exhibits93: Chart on South America - Year-over-year growth 2023-2028 (%)
  • Exhibits94: Data Table on South America - Year-over-year growth 2023-2028 (%)
  • Exhibits95: Chart on China - Market size and forecast 2023-2028 ($ billion)
  • Exhibits96: Data Table on China - Market size and forecast 2023-2028 ($ billion)
  • Exhibits97: Chart on China - Year-over-year growth 2023-2028 (%)
  • Exhibits98: Data Table on China - Year-over-year growth 2023-2028 (%)
  • Exhibits99: Chart on US - Market size and forecast 2023-2028 ($ billion)
  • Exhibits100: Data Table on US - Market size and forecast 2023-2028 ($ billion)
  • Exhibits101: Chart on US - Year-over-year growth 2023-2028 (%)
  • Exhibits102: Data Table on US - Year-over-year growth 2023-2028 (%)
  • Exhibits103: Chart on Germany - Market size and forecast 2023-2028 ($ billion)
  • Exhibits104: Data Table on Germany - Market size and forecast 2023-2028 ($ billion)
  • Exhibits105: Chart on Germany - Year-over-year growth 2023-2028 (%)
  • Exhibits106: Data Table on Germany - Year-over-year growth 2023-2028 (%)
  • Exhibits107: Chart on Japan - Market size and forecast 2023-2028 ($ billion)
  • Exhibits108: Data Table on Japan - Market size and forecast 2023-2028 ($ billion)
  • Exhibits109: Chart on Japan - Year-over-year growth 2023-2028 (%)
  • Exhibits110: Data Table on Japan - Year-over-year growth 2023-2028 (%)
  • Exhibits111: Chart on France - Market size and forecast 2023-2028 ($ billion)
  • Exhibits112: Data Table on France - Market size and forecast 2023-2028 ($ billion)
  • Exhibits113: Chart on France - Year-over-year growth 2023-2028 (%)
  • Exhibits114: Data Table on France - Year-over-year growth 2023-2028 (%)
  • Exhibits115: Market opportunity By Geographical Landscape ($ billion)
  • Exhibits116: Data Tables on Market opportunity By Geographical Landscape ($ billion)
  • Exhibits117: Impact of drivers and challenges in 2023 and 2028
  • Exhibits118: Overview on Criticality of inputs and Factors of differentiation
  • Exhibits119: Overview on factors of disruption
  • Exhibits120: Impact of key risks on business
  • Exhibits121: Vendors covered
  • Exhibits122: Matrix on vendor position and classification
  • Exhibits123: Aer Rianta International - Overview
  • Exhibits124: Aer Rianta International - Product / Service
  • Exhibits125: Aer Rianta International - Key offerings
  • Exhibits126: Avolta AG - Overview
  • Exhibits127: Avolta AG - Business segments
  • Exhibits128: Avolta AG - Key offerings
  • Exhibits129: Avolta AG - Segment focus
  • Exhibits130: China international travel service co. LTD. - Overview
  • Exhibits131: China international travel service co. LTD. - Product / Service
  • Exhibits132: China international travel service co. LTD. - Key offerings
  • Exhibits133: Delhi Duty Free Services Pvt. Ltd. - Overview
  • Exhibits134: Delhi Duty Free Services Pvt. Ltd. - Product / Service
  • Exhibits135: Delhi Duty Free Services Pvt. Ltd. - Key offerings
  • Exhibits136: DFS Group Ltd. - Overview
  • Exhibits137: DFS Group Ltd. - Product / Service
  • Exhibits138: DFS Group Ltd. - Key offerings
  • Exhibits139: Dubai Duty Free - Overview
  • Exhibits140: Dubai Duty Free - Product / Service
  • Exhibits141: Dubai Duty Free - Key offerings
  • Exhibits142: Duty Free Americas Inc. - Overview
  • Exhibits143: Duty Free Americas Inc. - Product / Service
  • Exhibits144: Duty Free Americas Inc. - Key offerings
  • Exhibits145: Ever Rich Duty Free Shop - Overview
  • Exhibits146: Ever Rich Duty Free Shop - Product / Service
  • Exhibits147: Ever Rich Duty Free Shop - Key offerings
  • Exhibits148: Flemingo International - Overview
  • Exhibits149: Flemingo International - Product / Service
  • Exhibits150: Flemingo International - Key offerings
  • Exhibits151: Gebr. Heinemann SE and Co. KG - Overview
  • Exhibits152: Gebr. Heinemann SE and Co. KG - Product / Service
  • Exhibits153: Gebr. Heinemann SE and Co. KG - Key offerings
  • Exhibits154: Hyundai Department Store Group Co. Ltd. - Overview
  • Exhibits155: Hyundai Department Store Group Co. Ltd. - Product / Service
  • Exhibits156: Hyundai Department Store Group Co. Ltd. - Key offerings
  • Exhibits157: Japan Airport Terminal Co. Ltd. - Overview
  • Exhibits158: Japan Airport Terminal Co. Ltd. - Business segments
  • Exhibits159: Japan Airport Terminal Co. Ltd. - Key offerings
  • Exhibits160: Japan Airport Terminal Co. Ltd. - Segment focus
  • Exhibits161: King Power Group - Overview
  • Exhibits162: King Power Group - Product / Service
  • Exhibits163: King Power Group - Key offerings
  • Exhibits164: Lagardere SA - Overview
  • Exhibits165: Lagardere SA - Business segments
  • Exhibits166: Lagardere SA - Key offerings
  • Exhibits167: Lagardere SA - Segment focus
  • Exhibits168: Lotte Corp. - Overview
  • Exhibits169: Lotte Corp. - Product / Service
  • Exhibits170: Lotte Corp. - Key offerings
  • Exhibits171: Inclusions checklist
  • Exhibits172: Exclusions checklist
  • Exhibits173: Currency conversion rates for US$
  • Exhibits174: Research methodology
  • Exhibits175: Validation techniques employed for market sizing
  • Exhibits176: Information sources
  • Exhibits177: List of abbreviations