电动汽车用氢燃料电池专利格局（2022 年）

德国汽车製造商不断增长的专利活动以及中国公司最近开发的令人印象深刻的知识产权使氢基电动汽车 (BEV) 和电池电动汽车 (BEV) 成为解决汽车製造商面临的问题的解决方案之一. 这标誌着人们对燃料电池电动汽车 (HFCEV) 重新产生了兴趣。

分析背景

目前，全球交通运输部门约占直接二氧化碳排放量的四分之一。为了解决这个问题，过去几年，世界各国政府都出台了政策法规和研发项目的财政激励措施，以支持绿色氢生产、氢基础设施和燃料电池电动汽车的未来繁荣。此外，汽车製造商、设备供应商 (OEM)、氢能和燃料电池公司之间的许多研发计划、战略联盟和合作伙伴关係也蓬勃发展，为构建和加强这一特定市场提供了深刻的见解。

在过去十年中，汽车行业的技术兴趣发生了变化，公司将研发工作和专利工作集中在电池技术上。然而，电动汽车仍然存在未解决的问题（里程自主性、充电速度、安全性等），导致 2010 年代中期燃料电池技术专利申请重新兴起，2015-2021 年的复合年增长率为18%。

专利概览< br >最活跃的专利申请人（2020年过渡）

随着新进入者的出现而蓬勃发展的领域

用于公路运输（汽车、卡车、公共汽车）的氢基燃料电池技术是一个引起全球许多公司关注的领域，在过去 20 年中公布了 30,000 多个专利家族。与许多创新驱动型行业一样，日本公司历来在 2000 年代主导燃料电池技术领域，并对专利活动采取量化方法。

专利分类

专利系列包括燃料电池技术（PEMFC、SOFC、MCFC、PAFC、AFC 等）、电池材料和组件（电极、膜、催化剂、气体扩散层、双极板、电解质等）、管理和控制（热管理、压力管理等）、燃料电池堆、燃料电池系统、储氢等。

专利部概要
最大的专利受让人：按供应链细分

大众/奥迪
专利组合概览

在本报告中，我们分析了与电动汽车 (EV) 用氢燃料电池相关的专利趋势，包括近年来专利申请和出版物数量的趋势、申请专利的主要国家以及主要专利转让情况。供应链各领域新进入者、IP合作（联合专利申请）和IP转让（专利所有权变更）、细分专利分布（共20多种）、15家主要公司的IP概况（申请号）专利数量、明细、法律区域、地域范围等）、主要专利概要（共3万余项）等。

本报告提及的公司（部分）

行业：AGC、爱信精机、安德森工业、旭化成、北汽集团（北京汽车）、蓝界科技、宝马、博世、佳能、Cellcentric、奇瑞汽车、戴姆勒、电装、东风汽车、一汽（中国一汽）、福特、FTXT能源科技、通用汽车、格罗夫氢能汽车、日立集团、本田、海利恩工业、现代/起亚、强生科技、科隆工业、LG集团, 三菱集团, 村田製作所/索尼, 新科力化学, 新日铁, 日产集团, Nuvoton, Panasonic/Sanyo, Refire Technology, 雷诺, 三星集团, Schaeffler Technologies, S-FuelCell, 上海神力高科技, 中化华通, 总研, 住友集团、日出动力、铃木集团、凸版印刷、东丽工业、东芝集团、丰田集团、伟易购、大众/奥迪、潍柴集团、宇通等

研究机构：AIST（国家先进工业科学技术研究院）、北京大学、CEA（替代能源与原子能委员会）、大连化学物理研究所- 中科院、吉林大学、KAIST（韩国高等科学技术研究院）、KIER（韩国能源研究所）、首尔国立大学、上海交通大学、华南理工大学、同济大学、清华大学、武汉大学科技、浙江大学等

内容

简介

分析范围及方法

亮点和关键见解

专利格局：概述

• 专利公布时间表
• 总部的时代演变
• 主要专利申请人
• 最活跃的专利申请人（自 2020 年 1 月起）
• 按公司类型划分的主要专利申请人
• 专利申请人：已发布专利数量随时间变化的趋势
• 新进入者的知识产权
• 专利的当前法律状态
• 专利权人的知识产权领导力
• 专利受让人IP块的可能性
• 有效专利的区域分布
• 专利权人的组合：地理范围
• 中国主要公司的知识产权战略

知识产权合作

知识产权诉讼与挑战

专利细分

• 专利家族的分布：按细分市场
• 已公开专利数量随时间的变化：按细分市场
• 主要专利申请人与细分市场
• 专利申请人排名：按细分市场

专注于 PEMFC

• 一段时间内公布的专利数量
• 主要专利申请人
• 专利权人的知识产权领导力
• 主要专利

主要公司的知识产权概况

• 主要IP企业：Toyota、Honda、Nissan、Hyundai/Kia、General Motors、Panasonic、Volkswagen/Audi、Bosch、BMW、Grove Hydrogen Automotive、Shen-Li High Tech (Sino Fuel Cell)、FAW、Weichai、Sunrise Power、Cellcentric
• 每家公司概览： 竞争优势、增强潜力、公司的知识产权动态、知识产权合作、近期专利活动概览

关于KnowMade

The growth in patenting activity among German vehicle manufacturers and the impressive IP recent developments of Chinese companies are indicative of renewed interest in hydrogen-based fuel cell electric vehicles (HFCEV) as one solution, along with battery electric vehicles (BEV), to tackle the issues faced by automakers.

Report's Key Features:

• Describing the global patenting trends,including time evolution of patent publications, countries of patent filings, etc.

• Identifying the main patent assignees and the IP newcomers in the different segments of the supply chain.

• Determining the status of their patenting activity (active / inactive) and their IP dynamics (ramping up, slowing down, steady).

• Identifying the IP collaborations (patent co-filings) and IP transfers (changes of patent ownership).

• Patents categorized into more than 20 segments: fuel cell technologies (PEMFC, SOFC, MCFC, PAFC, AFC, etc.), cell materials and components (electrodes, membranes, catalysts, gas diffusion layer, bipolar plates, electrolytes, etc.), stacking of fuel cells, fuel cell system, thermal management, pressure management, etc.

• IP profile of 15 key players: patent portfolio overview (IP dynamics, segmentation, legal status, geographic coverage, etc.), IP collaborations, and recent patenting activity.

• Excel database containing all patents analyzed in the report, including patent segmentations and hyperlinks to an updated online database.

Context of the report:

Nowadays, the global transportation sector represents about one quarter of all direct carbon dioxide emissions. To remedy this, during the past few years, several national and supranational governments around the world have instigated policy regulations and financial incentives regarding research and development programs in order to help green hydrogen production, hydrogen infrastructures and fuel cell-powered electric vehicles thrive in the future. Moreover, numerous R&D programs, strategic alliances and partnerships among vehicle manufacturers, equipment suppliers (OEM) and hydrogen- and fuel cell-related companies have blossomed, giving a strong insight into the structuring and strengthening of this specific market.

The last 10 years we witnessed a shift in technological interest in the automotive sector, with companies concentrating their R&D efforts and patenting activities on battery technologies. But with some as yet unresolved issues for electric vehicles (mileage autonomy, charging speed and safety to name a few), there was a revival in interest in fuel cell technology patent filings in the mid-2010s, with a CAGR of 18% between 2015 and 2021.

In this context, Knowmade is releasing a new report which aims to provide a comprehensive view of the patent landscape related to hydrogen-based fuel cells for terrestrial electric vehicles (cars, trucks and buses), from electrolyte and electrode materials to the fuel cell system and vehicle integration, segmented into fuel cell technologies - such as proton exchange membrane (PEMFC), solid oxide (SOFC) and molten carbonate (MCFC).

Patent landscape analysis is a powerful tool to understand global hydrogen fuel cell electric vehicles competitive and technological environment. Overall, patenting activity (patent filings) reflects the level of R&D investment made by a country or player in a specific technology, while providing clues as to the technology readiness level reached by the main IP players. What's more, the technology coverage along the value chain and the geographical coverage of the patent portfolios are closely related to the business strategy of IP players.

PATENT LANDSCAPE OVERVIEW
Most active patent applicants since 2020

A sector boosted by the emergence of newcomers

With more than 30,000 patent families published in the past 20 years, hydrogen-based fuel cell technologies for road transportation (cars, trucks, buses) is a sector that has caught the attention of a lot of companies around the world. As in a lot of innovation-led industry sectors, Japanese players historically took over the fuel cell-related technological field in the 2000s, taking a quantitative approach in patenting activity. Players such as car makers (Toyota, Nissan, Honda, Mitsubishi, etc.), equipment suppliers (Aisin Seiki, Denso, Soken, etc.), device manufacturers (Panasonic/Sanyo, Hitachi, Toshiba, Murata/Sony, etc.) or material suppliers (Toppan Printing, Nippon Steel, Toray Industries, Sumitomo, etc.) have been active all along the value chain, from electrode materials and fuel cell stacks to system integration into vehicles. Other players have joined their Japanese counterparts in patent filings in that period, like US General Motors and Ford, German Daimler, Volkswagen/Audi, Bosch and BMW, and South Korean Hyundai/Kia, Samsung and LG. More recently, the patenting activity is led by German vehicle manufacturers and Chinese newcomers, as a way to develop and diversify their businesses, for the former - Volkswagen/Audi, Bosch or BMW - and to take some market shares and develop fuel cell technologies, for the latter - vehicle manufacturers Grove Hydrogen Automotive, FAW China First Automotive Works, Dongfeng Motor, Yutong Bus or SAIC Group, and product devices sellers SinoHytec, Weichai Group, FTXT Energy Technology or Shanghai Shenli High Technology.

Patent segmentation

The patent families have been categorized according to the fuel cell technologies (PEMFC, SOFC, MCFC, PAFC, AFC, etc.), cell materials and components (electrodes, membranes, catalysts, gas diffusion layer, bipolar plates, electrolytes, etc.), management and control (thermal management, pressure management, etc.), stacking of fuel cells, fuel cell system, hydrogen storage, etc.

PATENT SEGMENTATION OVERVIEW
Most patent assignees per supply chain segment

IP profiles: focus on the top IP players' patent portfolios

The patent portfolio of 15 companies is analyzed: Toyota, Honda, Nissan, Hyundai/Kia, General Motors, Panasonic, Volkswagen/Audi, Bosch, BMW, Grove Hydrogen Automotive, Shen-Li High Tech (SinoFuelCell), FAW, Weichai, Sunrise Power, Cellcentric. For each player, the hydrogen fuel cell patent portfolio is analyzed to provide an overview of its strengths, its potential for reinforcement, the level of IP activity, IP collaborations and recent patenting activity.

Useful Excel patent database

This report also includes an extensive Excel database with the 30,000+ patent families (inventions) analyzed in this study. This useful patent database allows for multi-criteria searches and includes patent publication numbers, hyperlinks to an updated online database (original documents, legal status, etc.), priority date, title, abstract, patent assignees, patent's current legal status, and 20+ segments (PEMFC, SOFC, MCFC, AFC, electrodes, membranes, catalysts, gas diffusion layer, stacking of fuel cells, fuel cell system, hydrogen storage, thermal management, pressure management, etc.).

VOLKSWAGEN/AUDI
Patent portfolio overview

Companies mentioned in the report (non-exhaustive)

Industrials: AGC, Aisin Seiki, Anderson Industries, Asahi Kasei, BAIC Group (Beijing Automotive), Blue World Technologies, BMW, Bosch, Canon, Cellcentric, Chery Automobile, Daimler, Denso, Dongfeng Motor, FAW (China First Automobile Works), Ford, FTXT Energy Technology, General Motors, Grove Hydrogen Automotive, Hitachi Group, Honda, Hylium Industries, Hyundai/Kia, J&L Tech, Kolon Industries, LG Group, Mitsubishi Group, Murata Manufacturing/Sony, New Keli Chemical, Nippon Steel, Nissan Group, Nuvoton, Panasonic/Sanyo, Refire Technology, Renault, Samsung Group, Schaeffler Technologies, S-FuelCell, Shanghai Shenli High Technology, Sinohytec, Soken, Sumitomo Group, Sunrise Power, Suzuki Group, Toppan Printing, Toray Industries, Toshiba Group, Toyota Group, Vitesco Technologies, Volkswagen/Audi, Weichai Group, Yutong, etc.

Research organizations: AIST (National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science & Technology), Beijing University, CEA (Alternative Energies and Atomic Energy Commission), Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics - CAS, Jilin University, KAIST (Korea Advanced Institute of Science &Technology), KIER (Korea Institute of Energy Research), Seoul National University, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, South China University of Technology, Tongji University, Tsinghua University, Wuhan University of Technology, Zhejiang University, etc.

TABLE OF CONTENTS

INTRODUCTION

• Context
• Hydrogen fuel cells: advantagea and drawbacks
• Types of fuel cells: PEMFC, SOFC, MCFC, PAFC, etc.
• Fuel cells in transportation
• Incentives & Policies worldwide
• Latest news

SCOPE OF THE REPORT AND METHODOLOGY

• Key features of the report
• Methodology for patent search ,selection and analysis
• Key IP players & Key patents
• Terminology

HIGHLIGHTS AND KEY INSIGHTS

PATENT LANDSCAPE OVERVIEW

• Timeline of patent publications
• Time evolution of company headquarters
• Main patent assignees
• Most active patent applicants since January 2020
• Main patent assignees by company type
• Patent assignees time evolution of patent publications
• IP newcomers
• Current legal status of patents
• IP leadership of patent assignees
• IP blocking potential of patent assignees
• Geographical distribution of alive patents
• Patent assignees geographical coverage of portfolio
• IP strategy of main Chinese players

IP COLLABORATIONS

IP LITIGATIONS AND OPPOSITIONS

PATENT SEGMENTATION

• Distribution of patent families by segment
• Time evolution of patent publications by segment
• Main patent assignees vs. Segments
• Ranking of patent assignees for each segment

FOCUS ON PEMFC

• Time evolution of patent publications
• Main patent assignees
• IP leadership of patent assignees
• Key patents

IP PROFILES OF KEY PLAYERS103

• Selected IP players: Toyota, Honda, Nissan, Hyundai/Kia, General Motors, Panasonic, Volkswagen/Audi, Bosch, BMW, Grove Hydrogen Automotive, Shen-Li High Tech (Sino Fuel Cell), FAW, Weichai, Sunrise Power, Cellcentric

• For each player: Overview of its strength, its potential for reinforcement, the player's IP dynamics, its IP collaborations and its recent patenting activity

KNOWMADE PRESENTATION