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市场调查报告书
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1479846

电力零售市场 - 2024 年至 2029 年预测

Retail Electricity Market - Forecasts from 2024 to 2029
出版日期: | 出版商: Knowledge Sourcing Intelligence | 英文 145 Pages | 商品交期: 最快1-2个工作天内

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简介目录

零售电力市场预计将以 4.78% 的复合年增长率成长，市场规模从 2022 年的 31,550 亿美元达到 2029 年的 43,760 亿美元。

电力零售是电力供应链的最后一步，将电力直接出售给最终消费者。它包括向住宅、商业和工业需求者分配和销售电力。

零售电力不同于批发电力，后者涉及发电商、发行和大型工业消费者之间的交易。它在确保可靠、高效的电力供应以满足多样化的消费者需求方面发挥关键作用。电力流经各种中介机构，包括发电机和零售电力提供者。批发市场是电力生产商根据需求和燃料成本出售现货或未来发电的地方。零售电力公用事业公司包括受监管的公共产业、竞争性供应商和市场竞争对手，确保为住宅和商业客户提供充足的电力。零售电费影响顾客电价，批发电费影响零售电费。零售电力供应商确保向客户提供适量的电力，从而确保可靠和安全的电力供应。

根据美国能源资讯署预计，2023年，美国公用事业规模设施将发电41780亿千瓦时，其中60%来自石化燃料，19%来自核能，21%来自可再生，总合总量为4.18兆千瓦时。此外，据报道，小型太阳能发电系统发电量将增加736.2亿度。

此外，2022 年 3 月，PowerFlex 和 Hydro One Limited 同意共同为安大略省市场开发分散式能源 (DER) 解决方案。该合作伙伴关係最初将重点关注安大略省总合20 兆瓦时的两个电池能源储存系统(BESS)计划。 Powerflex 是 EDF 再生能源北美公司的一个部门，使用专有的能源管理系统 (EMS) 来列出承包BESS。该合作伙伴关係旨在加速能源来源脱碳，为客户提供选择并提高区域永续性和復原力。同时，Hydro One Limited 正致力于推出创新解决方案，透过增加分散式能源的使用来优化电网。这种伙伴关係将支持安大略省迈向低碳经济。

从广义上讲，市场区隔是更广泛的电力市场的一部分，重点关注最终消费者的需求，包括直接向消费者购买和销售电力服务和产品。关键要素包括电力供应商、消费者、关税和定价、法规、申请和计量以及客户服务。消费者的范围从家庭到企业和工业，收费系统包括固定费率方案、可变费率和分时费率。智慧电錶变得普及，使得即时监控消费量成为可能。

政府改善电力供应的措施预计将推动市场发展

旨在改善电力供应的政府措施对于推动电力市场至关重要。这些策略包括农村电子电网计划、补贴和财政奖励、官民合作关係、政策和法律规范、可再生能源目标、社区计画以及能力建设和培训。农村电网计划涉及电网扩建和离网解决方案的引入。政府为可再生能源技术提供电费补贴和财政奖励，使电费更便宜。电力是现代生活的重要组成部分，用于多种用途，包括照明、暖气、冷气、操作电器产品、电脑、电子产品、机械和大众交通工具系统。

根据美国能源情报署的数据，2022 年美国终端用电力消耗量将比 2021 年成长 3.2%。主要用户为商业部门1.3兆千瓦时和住宅部门1.5兆千瓦时。

此外，自2020年以来，世界各国政府已拨款1.34兆美元用于清洁能源投资，过去六个月宣布的新支出约为1,300亿美元。这种放缓可能是暂时的，因为澳洲、巴西、加拿大、欧盟（EU）和日本正在考虑额外的政策方案。政府支出在清洁能源投资快速成长和干净科技供应链扩张中发挥核心作用。旨在加强国内清洁能源技术製造的对製造商的直接激励措施目前总额约为 900 亿美元。自全球能源危机爆发以来，各国政府也增加了针对消费者的短期纾困措施的支出。

此外，贸发会议敦促撒哈拉以南非洲国家利用其可再生能源蕴藏量，共同创造一个更清洁、更绿色的未来。儘管能源供应不断增加，但该地区 50% 以上的人口仍然没有电，这影响了健康、教育、减贫和永续发展。报告警告说，如果不进一步努力，到2030年，没有清洁燃料的人数将增加到11亿以上。获得可靠的能源对于经济发展、工业化、生产力和人类发展至关重要。

此外，官民合作关係透过让私人公司参与发电、输电和配电计划来加速基础设施发展。明确的政策框架鼓励投资、公平竞争和消费者权利。可再生能源目标促进环境永续性并促进创新。社区为基础的计划使社区能够管理自己的电力系统并促进社会和经济发展。能力建构和培训计画将确保电气化倡议的成功。

预计北美地区市场将成长。

在美国，新商业设施投资的增加加上工业化的快速发展正在增加整体电力消耗量。未来几年，这一趋势，加上加强发电的新计画和政策，预计将进一步扩大中国的售电规模。美国能源资讯署短期能源展望报告显示，2024年第一季美国向主要最终用户的零售零售电量为9,700亿度，较2023年第一季成长5.6%。消息人士进一步表示，住宅部门强劲成长8.7%，其次是商业部门成长4%，工业部门成长3%。预计年终整体消费量将成长3%。

此外，美国人口正在稳步增长，电力需求预计将进一步增加。根据人口普查局2023年12月发布的2023年人口预测，美国人口趋势正在恢復到大流行前的水平，其中南方占全国人口增长的87%，人口增长了140万%。十一个主要州经历了人口增长，包括新泽西州、俄亥俄州、堪萨斯州、阿拉斯加州、明尼苏达州、密西根州和马里兰州。

此外，技术采用的快速成长趋势加上快速的都市化进一步需要稳定可靠的电力供应，预计这将推动未来几年的市场成长。

电动车的普及正在加速，加上对新电网基础设施的投资，创造了新的成长机会。例如，2023年10月，拜登政府宣布将投资34.6亿美元用于58个计划，这些项目将增强美国44个州电网的可靠性和弹性。此外，根据白宫2024年1月发布的新闻稿，迄今为止，美国电动车网路的投资已超过250亿美元。

目录

第一章简介

  • 能源转型现状
  • 产业分析：检视关键产业及其影响
    • 运输
    • 大楼
    • 产业
    • 发电
  • 能源转型的社会经济影响

第二章调查方法

  • 研究设计
  • 调查过程

第三章执行摘要

  • 主要发现
  • 分析师观点

第四章能源电力产业概况

  • 介绍
  • 能源产业概况
    • 世界能源产量（EJ）
    • 按燃料分類的能源结构
  • 电力业概况
    • 世界发电量（太瓦时）
    • 权力组合
  • 分析师观点

第五章市场动态

  • 市场驱动因素
  • 市场限制因素
  • 二氧化碳排放
    • 煤炭
    • 油
    • 天然气
  • 清洁能源投资
    • 发电
    • 能源基础设施
    • 最终用途
  • 建议

第六章 政府法规/政策

  • 介绍
  • 净零承诺
  • 补偿制度

第七章 电力零售市场：爱别

  • 介绍
  • 单相
  • 两相
  • 三相

第八章电力零售市场：依合约类型

  • 介绍
  • 标准零售
  • 市场零售

第九章电力零售市场：依最终用户分类

  • 介绍
  • 住宅
  • 商业的
  • 工业的

第十章电力零售市场：按地区

  • 介绍
  • 北美洲
    • 爱别
    • 按合约类型
    • 按最终用户
    • 按国家/地区
  • 南美洲
    • 爱别
    • 按合约类型
    • 按最终用户
    • 按国家/地区
  • 欧洲
    • 爱别
    • 按合约类型
    • 按最终用户
    • 按国家/地区
  • 中东/非洲
    • 爱别
    • 按合约类型
    • 按最终用户
    • 按国家/地区
  • 亚太地区
    • 爱别
    • 按合约类型
    • 按最终用户
    • 按国家/地区

第十一章近期发展和投资

第十二章竞争环境及分析

  • 主要企业及策略分析
  • 市场占有率分析
  • 合併、收购、协议和合作
  • 竞争对手仪表板

第十三章 公司简介

  • American Electric Power Company, Inc.
  • Alectra Inc.
  • Hydro One Networks Inc.
  • R&M Electrical Group Limited
  • Constellation Energy Resources, LLC（Constellation Energy Corporation）
  • 4Change Energy
  • Sumitomo Corporation
  • Ambit Energy（Vistra Corp）
  • Amigo Energy（Just Energy）
  • Aboitiz Power Corporation（Aboitiz Equity Ventures）
简介目录
Product Code: KSI061615881

The retail electricity market is projected to rise at a compound annual growth rate (CAGR) of 4.78% to reach a market valuation of US$4.376 trillion by 2029, from US$3.155 trillion in 2022.

Retail electricity is the final stage of the electricity supply chain, where electricity is sold directly to end-use consumers. It involves the distribution and sale of electricity to residential, commercial, and industrial customers.

Retail electricity differs from wholesale electricity, which involves transactions between generators, distributors, and large industrial consumers. It plays a crucial role in ensuring a reliable and efficient supply of electricity to meet diverse consumer needs. Electricity flows through various intermediaries, including power generators and retail electric companies. Wholesale markets are where generators sell their electricity, either as spot or future-generated, depending on demand and fuel costs. Retail electric companies, including regulated utilities, competitive providers, and marketers, secure the correct amount of power supply for residential and business customers. Retail energy costs can influence customer prices, while wholesale energy costs affect retail energy prices. Retail electric companies ensure the right amount of power is delivered to customers, ensuring a reliable and safe electricity supply.

As per the U.S. Energy Information Administration, in 2023, the United States generated 4,178 billion kWh of electricity at utility-scale facilities, with 60% coming from fossil fuels, 19% from nuclear energy, and 21% from renewable energy sources, totaling 4.18 trillion kWh. It reported an additional 73.62 billion kWh of electricity generated from small-scale solar photovoltaic systems.

Additionally, in March 2022, PowerFlex and Hydro One Limited have agreed to co-develop Distributed Energy Resources (DER) solutions for the Ontario market. The partnership will initially focus on two Battery Energy Storage Systems (BESS) projects, totaling 20 MWh in Ontario. PowerFlex, a division of EDF Renewables North America, will provide a turnkey BESS using its proprietary Energy Management System (EMS), which offers real-time insights, historical reporting, asset dashboards, and consolidated billing. The partnership aims to accelerate the decarbonization of energy sources, provide greater choice to customers, and increase sustainability and resiliency in the area. Hydro One, on the other hand, is committed to embracing innovative solutions to optimize the electricity grid through increasing the use of Distributed Energy Resources. The partnership will help Ontario support its goal of becoming a low-carbon economy.

Comprehensively, the retail electricity market is a segment of the broader electricity market that focuses on end-consumer needs, involving the buying and selling of electricity services and products directly to consumers. Key elements include electricity suppliers, consumers, tariffs and pricing, regulation, billing and metering, and customer service. Consumers range from households to businesses and industries, and pricing structures can include fixed-rate plans, variable rates, and time-of-use pricing. Smart meters are becoming more common, enabling real-time monitoring of consumption.

Government Initiatives to increase people's access to electricity is anticipated to drive the market

Government initiatives aimed at increasing electricity access are crucial in driving the electricity market. These strategies include rural e-grid projects, subsidies and financial incentives, public-private partnerships, policy and regulatory frameworks, renewable energy targets, community-based programs, and capacity building and training. Rural e-grid projects involve expanding the electricity grid or deploying off-grid solutions. Governments provide subsidies on electricity tariffs or financial incentives for renewable energy technologies to make electricity more affordable. Electricity is a crucial component of modern life used for various purposes such as lighting, heating, cooling, and operating appliances, computers, electronics, machinery, and public transportation systems.

According to U.S. Energy Information Administration, in 2022, the total U.S. electricity end-use consumption was 3.2% higher than in 2021. Major user was commercial 1.3 trillion KwH and residential sector 1.5 trillion KwH.

Further, Governments worldwide have allocated USD 1.34 trillion to clean energy investment since 2020, with around 130 billion new spending announced in the last six months. This slowdown may be temporary as additional policy packages are being considered in Australia, Brazil, Canada, the European Union, and Japan. Government spending is playing a central role in the rapid growth of clean energy investment and expanding clean technology supply chains. Direct incentives for manufacturers aimed at bolstering domestic manufacturing of clean energy technologies now total around USD 90 billion. Governments have also increased spending on short-term consumer affordability measures since the start of the global energy crisis.

Additionally, UNCTAD is urging sub-Saharan African countries to utilize their renewable energy reserves and collaborate to create a cleaner, greener future. Despite increased energy access, over 50% of the region's population still lacks electricity, impacting health, education, poverty reduction, and sustainable development. The report warns that without further efforts, the population without clean fuels could rise to over 1.1 billion by 2030. Access to reliable energy is crucial for economic development, industrialization, productivity, and human development.

Furthermore, Public-private partnerships accelerate infrastructure development by involving private companies in electricity generation, transmission, and distribution projects. Clear policy frameworks encourage investment, fair competition, and consumer rights. Renewable energy targets promote environmental sustainability and drive innovation. Community-based programs empower local communities to manage their own electricity systems, enhancing social and economic development. Capacity building and training programs ensure the success of electrification initiatives.

The market is projected to grow in the North American region.

Growing investments in new commercial establishments coupled with rapid industrialization have increased the overall electricity consumption in the United States. In the coming years, this trend along with new schemes and policies in line to bolster electricity generation is anticipated to further expand the scale of retail electricity in the country. According to the U.S Energy Information Administration's "Short-Term Energy Outlook" report, in Q1 of 2024, US retail sales of electricity to major end-users stood at 970 billion kilowatt-hours which signified a 5.6% increase over Q1 of 2023. The same source further stated that the residential sector experienced a major growth of 8.7% in consumption followed by the commercial sector with 4% and industrial with 3%. The overall consumption is expected to grow by 3% by the end of 2024.

Additionally, the population in the United States is growing steadily which is expected to further increase the electricity demand. According to the Census Bureau "Vintage 2023 population estimates, released in December 2023, the country's population trend is returning to pre-pandemic level, with the Southern region accounting for 87% of the nation's population growth by adding 1.4 million residents. Major eleven states inclusive of New Jersey, Ohio, Kansas, Alaska, Minnesota, Michigan, and Maryland among others experienced positive growth in population .

Moreover, the booming trend of technological adoption coupled with rapid urbanization further necessitates a steady and reliable power supply which is anticipated to cause an upward market trajectory in coming years.

Bolstering growth in electrical vehicle adoption coupled with investments in new grid infrastructure establishments has provided new growth opportunities. For instance, in October 2023, the Biden Administration announced an investment of US$3.46 billion for 58 projects that would strengthen electric grid reliability & resilience across 44 American states . Moreover, according to the White House's January 2024 press release, more than US$25 billion has been invested in the US EV network to date inclusive of US$10 billion from the private sector .

Segmentation:

By Phase

  • Single Phase
  • Dual Phase
  • Three Phase

By Contract Type:

  • Standards Retail
  • Market Retail

By End-User

  • Residential
  • Commercial
  • Industrial

By Geography

  • North America
  • USA
  • Canada
  • Mexico
  • South America
  • Brazil
  • Argentina
  • Others
  • Europe
  • UK
  • Germany
  • France
  • Italy
  • Others
  • Middle East and Africa
  • Saudi Arabia
  • UAE
  • Others
  • Asia Pacific
  • China
  • Japan
  • India
  • South Korea
  • Taiwan
  • Thailand
  • Indonesia
  • Others

TABLE OF CONTENTS

1. INTRODUCTION

  • 1.1. Energy Transition Status
  • 1.2. Sector-wise Analysis: Examination of Key Industries and Their Implications
    • 1.2.1. Transport
    • 1.2.2. Buildings
    • 1.2.3. Industry
    • 1.2.4. Power
  • 1.3. Socio-Economic Impact of Energy Transition

2. RESEARCH METHODOLOGY

  • 2.1. Research Design
  • 2.2. Research Process

3. EXECUTIVE SUMMARY

  • 3.1. Key Findings
  • 3.2. Analyst View

4. ENERGY AND POWER INDUSTRY OVERVIEW

  • 4.1. Introduction
  • 4.2. Energy Industry Overview
    • 4.2.1. Global Energy Production (in EJ)
      • 4.2.1.1. Americas
      • 4.2.1.2. Europe
      • 4.2.1.3. Middle East & Africa
      • 4.2.1.4. Asia Pacific
    • 4.2.2. Energy Mix, By Fuel
  • 4.3. Power Industry Overview
    • 4.3.1. Global Power Generation (in TWh)
    • 4.3.2. Power Mix
      • 4.3.2.1. Renewable
      • 4.3.2.2. Non-Renewable
  • 4.4. Analyst View

5. MARKET DYNAMICS

  • 5.1. Market Drivers
  • 5.2. Market Restraints
  • 5.3. CO2 Emissions
    • 5.3.1. Coal
    • 5.3.2. Oil
    • 5.3.3. Natural Gas
  • 5.4. Clean Energy Investment
    • 5.4.1. Electricity Generation
    • 5.4.2. Energy Infrastructure
    • 5.4.3. End-Use
  • 5.5. Recommendations

6. GOVERNMENT REGULATIONS/POLICIES

  • 6.1. Introduction
  • 6.2. Net Zero Commitments
  • 6.3. Remuneration Schemes

7. RETAIL ELECTRICITY MARKET BY PHASE

  • 7.1. Introduction
  • 7.2. Single Phase
    • 7.2.1. Market Trends and Opportunities
    • 7.2.2. Growth Prospects
    • 7.2.3. Geographic Lucrativeness
  • 7.3. Dual Phase
    • 7.3.1. Market Trends and Opportunities
    • 7.3.2. Growth Prospects
    • 7.3.3. Geographic Lucrativeness
  • 7.4. Three Phase
    • 7.4.1. Market Trends and Opportunities
    • 7.4.2. Growth Prospects
    • 7.4.3. Geographic Lucrativeness

8. RETAIL ELECTRICITY MARKET BY CONTRACT TYPE

  • 8.1. Introduction
  • 8.2. Standards Retail
    • 8.2.1. Market Trends and Opportunities
    • 8.2.2. Growth Prospects
    • 8.2.3. Geographic Lucrativeness
  • 8.3. Market Retail
    • 8.3.1. Market Trends and Opportunities
    • 8.3.2. Growth Prospects
    • 8.3.3. Geographic Lucrativeness

9. RETAIL ELECTRICITY MARKET BY END-USER

  • 9.1. Introduction
  • 9.2. Residential
    • 9.2.1. Market Trends and Opportunities
    • 9.2.2. Growth Prospects
    • 9.2.3. Geographic Lucrativeness
  • 9.3. Commercial
    • 9.3.1. Market Trends and Opportunities
    • 9.3.2. Growth Prospects
    • 9.3.3. Geographic Lucrativeness
  • 9.4. Industrial
    • 9.4.1. Market Trends and Opportunities
    • 9.4.2. Growth Prospects
    • 9.4.3. Geographic Lucrativeness

10. RETAIL ELECTRICITY MARKET BY GEOGRAPHY

  • 10.1. Introduction
  • 10.2. North America
    • 10.2.1. By Phase
    • 10.2.2. By Contract Type
    • 10.2.3. By End User
    • 10.2.4. By Country
      • 10.2.4.1. USA
        • 10.2.4.1.1. Market Trends and Opportunities
        • 10.2.4.1.2. Growth Prospects
      • 10.2.4.2. Canada
        • 10.2.4.2.1. Market Trends and Opportunities
        • 10.2.4.2.2. Growth Prospects
      • 10.2.4.3. Mexico
        • 10.2.4.3.1. Market Trends and Opportunities
        • 10.2.4.3.2. Growth Prospects
  • 10.3. South America
    • 10.3.1. By Phase
    • 10.3.2. By Contract Type
    • 10.3.3. By End User
    • 10.3.4. By Country
      • 10.3.4.1. Brazil
        • 10.3.4.1.1. Market Trends and Opportunities
        • 10.3.4.1.2. Growth Prospects
      • 10.3.4.2. Argentina
        • 10.3.4.2.1. Market Trends and Opportunities
        • 10.3.4.2.2. Growth Prospects
      • 10.3.4.3. Others
        • 10.3.4.3.1. Market Trends and Opportunities
        • 10.3.4.3.2. Growth Prospects
  • 10.4. Europe
    • 10.4.1. By Phase
    • 10.4.2. By Contract Type
    • 10.4.3. By End User
    • 10.4.4. By Country
      • 10.4.4.1. Germany
        • 10.4.4.1.1. Market Trends and Opportunities
        • 10.4.4.1.2. Growth Prospects
      • 10.4.4.2. UK
        • 10.4.4.2.1. Market Trends and Opportunities
        • 10.4.4.2.2. Growth Prospects
      • 10.4.4.3. France
        • 10.4.4.3.1. Market Trends and Opportunities
        • 10.4.4.3.2. Growth Prospects
      • 10.4.4.4. Spain
        • 10.4.4.4.1. Market Trends and Opportunities
        • 10.4.4.4.2. Growth Prospects
      • 10.4.4.5. Others
        • 10.4.4.5.1. Market Trends and Opportunities
        • 10.4.4.5.2. Growth Prospects
  • 10.5. Middle East and Africa
    • 10.5.1. By Phase
    • 10.5.2. By Contract Type
    • 10.5.3. By End User
    • 10.5.4. By Country
      • 10.5.4.1. Saudi Arabia
        • 10.5.4.1.1. Market Trends and Opportunities
        • 10.5.4.1.2. Growth Prospects
      • 10.5.4.2. UAE
        • 10.5.4.2.1. Market Trends and Opportunities
        • 10.5.4.2.2. Growth Prospects
      • 10.5.4.3. Others
        • 10.5.4.3.1. Market Trends and Opportunities
        • 10.5.4.3.2. Growth Prospects
  • 10.6. Asia Pacific
    • 10.6.1. By Phase
    • 10.6.2. By Contract Type
    • 10.6.3. By End User
    • 10.6.4. By Country
      • 10.6.4.1. China
        • 10.6.4.1.1. Market Trends and Opportunities
        • 10.6.4.1.2. Growth Prospects
      • 10.6.4.2. Japan
        • 10.6.4.2.1. Market Trends and Opportunities
        • 10.6.4.2.2. Growth Prospects
      • 10.6.4.3. South Korea
        • 10.6.4.3.1. Market Trends and Opportunities
        • 10.6.4.3.2. Growth Prospects
      • 10.6.4.4. India
        • 10.6.4.4.1. Market Trends and Opportunities
        • 10.6.4.4.2. Growth Prospects
      • 10.6.4.5. Australia
        • 10.6.4.5.1. Market Trends and Opportunities
        • 10.6.4.5.2. Growth Prospects
      • 10.6.4.6. Others
        • 10.6.4.6.1. Market Trends and Opportunities
        • 10.6.4.6.2. Growth Prospects

11. RECENT DEVELOPMENT AND INVESTMENTS

12. COMPETITIVE ENVIRONMENT AND ANALYSIS

  • 12.1. Major Players and Strategy Analysis
  • 12.2. Market Share Analysis
  • 12.3. Mergers, Acquisition, Agreements, and Collaborations
  • 12.4. Competitive Dashboard

13. COMPANY PROFILES

  • 13.1. American Electric Power Company, Inc.
  • 13.2. Alectra Inc.
  • 13.3. Hydro One Networks Inc.
  • 13.4. R&M Electrical Group Limited
  • 13.5. Constellation Energy Resources, LLC (Constellation Energy Corporation)
  • 13.6. 4Change Energy
  • 13.7. Sumitomo Corporation
  • 13.8. Ambit Energy (Vistra Corp)
  • 13.9. Amigo Energy (Just Energy)
  • 13.10. Aboitiz Power Corporation (Aboitiz Equity Ventures)