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全球聚光型太阳光电市场:预测(2025-2030)Global Concentrated Solar Power Market - Forecasts from 2025 to 2030 |
聚光型太阳光电(CSP) 发电厂使用镜子聚集太阳能,为传统蒸气涡轮或引擎提供动力来发电。集中在光热发电发电厂的热能可以储存起来,并在需要时用于白天或晚上发电。 CSP技术透过聚集阳光来发电。集中的太阳能被转化为高温热量并发送到传统发电机。 CSP发电厂由两部分组成:第一部分收集太阳能并将其转化为热量,第二部分将热能转换为电能。
热储存使 CSP 系统能够按需提供太阳能,有助于解决与太阳能波动相关的电网整合挑战,并在需要时将太阳能产生的热量转换为电能。除了为涡轮机提供动力外,CSP 技术还可用于多种工业应用中的供热,包括海水淡化、食品加工、提高石油提高采收率、矿物加工和化学生产。
聚光型太阳光电是一种不排放二氧化碳的电力源。非常适合太阳辐射高的地区和国家,例如澳洲、美国南部、中国、南欧、南非和中东。因此,对再生能源来源(尤其是太阳能)的高度关注正在显着推动全球聚光型太阳光电市场的发展。各国都在争先恐后地实现既定的温室气体(GHG)零排放目标,同时提高可再生能源发电在总发电量中的份额。
例如,西班牙根据国家综合能源和气候计画(NECP 2021-30)制定了2030年将可再生能源(主要是太阳能和风电)装置容量增加到120GW的目标。澳洲的可再生能源发电目标 (RET) 是一项联邦政府政策,旨在到 2020 年产生至少 33,000GW 的可再生能源。加拿大也计划在2030年将零排放可再生能源的份额从2016年的约80%提高到90%。沙乌地阿拉伯也制定了2030年实现5,870万千瓦清洁能源的新目标。因此,不同国家设定的所有这些目标可能会在预测期内继续推动聚光型太阳光电市场的成长。
儘管聚光型太阳光电仅占整个绿色能源市场的一小部分,但最近的研究表明,小规模设计可能有助于重振人们对该行业的兴趣。同时,对 CSP 市场的投资也在增加,各公司正在製定各种成长策略,最终刺激市场成长。
政府加强聚光型太阳光电安装的支持政策和计画可能在未来五年继续支持该市场的扩张。美国能源局(DOE) 将透过竞争性奖励的方式向工业界、大学和国家实验室提供资金,以便到 2020 年使大型分散式太阳能係统实现无补贴且具有成本竞争力。 MUSTEC(透过合作吸收太阳能热电)旨在探索并提案切实可行的解决方案,以克服根据欧盟2030年安排聚光型太阳光电(CSP)合作计划的障碍。
聚光型太阳光电(CSP) 市场的地理前景
从区域来看,聚光型太阳光电(CSP)市场分为五个主要区域市场:北美、南美、欧洲、中东和非洲(MEA)以及亚太地区(APAC)。
2019年,北美在聚光型太阳光电市场中占据了很大份额。美国约有 1,815 MW 的 CSP 发电厂正在运作。欧洲在聚光型太阳光电市场上也占有显着份额,西班牙的投资蓬勃发展。此外,新的海关立法、增加的储存需求和经过验证的电厂性能进一步增强了投资者对西班牙聚光型太阳光电的信心。
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Concentrated solar power (CSP) plants use mirrors to concentrate the sun's energy to run conventional steam turbines or engines that generate electricity. The thermal energy concentrated in a CSP plant can be stored and used to generate electricity as per requirements, day or night. CSP technology generates electricity by focusing on sunlight. The concentrated sun's energy is converted into high-temperature heat, which is then channeled through a conventional generator. The CSP plant consists of two parts: the first collects the solar energy and converts it into heat, and the second converts the heat energy into electricity.
Through thermal storage, CSP systems can supply solar power on demand, helping to address grid integration challenges related to the variability of solar energy and enabling solar-generated heat to be stored until electricity is needed. In addition to powering a turbine, CSP technology can also be used as heat in several industrial applications, such as water desalination, food processing, enhanced oil recovery, mineral processing, and chemical production.
Concentrated solar power energy is a carbon-free source of electricity. It is best suited for regions and countries with strong radiation, such as Australia, the Southern United States, China, Southern Europe, South Africa, and the Middle East, among others. As such, a high focus on renewable energy sources, especially solar, is significantly driving the concentrated solar power market worldwide. Countries are rushing to meet their set targets regarding zero greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions while increasing the share of renewable energy sources in total electricity generation.
For instance, Spain has a target of 120 GW of installed renewable energy capacity, primarily solar and wind, by 2030 under its national integrated energy and climate plan (NECP 2021-30). Australia's renewable energy target (RET), a federal government policy, aimed to generate a minimum of 33,000 GW of renewable energy by 2020. Canada also aims to raise the share of zero-emitting renewable sources to 90 percent by 2030, from approximately 80 percent in 2016. Saudi Arabia has also set a new target of achieving 58.7 GW of clean energy by 2030. Thus, all these set targets across various countries will continue to boost the market growth of concentrated solar power during the forecast period.
Although concentrated solar power accounts for only a fraction of the total green energy market, recent research suggests that smaller-scale design could help to revive interest in this sector. With this, there has been a rise in investments in the CSP market, with companies engaged in various growth strategies that will eventually spur its market growth.
Supportive government policies and programs to ramp up the installation of concentrated solar power will continue to bolster this market's expansion during the next five years. The U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) provided funding through competitive awards to industry, universities, and national laboratories to make large-scale dispatchable solar energy systems cost-competitive without any subsidy by 2020. MUSTEC (Market uptake of solar thermal electricity through cooperation), in light of EU 2030, aims to explore and propose solid solutions to overcome the barriers that hamper the arrangement of concentrating solar power (CSP) cooperation projects.
Global Concentrated Solar Power (CSP) Market Geographical Outlook
By geography, the global concentrated solar power (CSP) market has been segmented into five major regional markets- North America, South America, Europe, the Middle East and Africa (MEA), and Asia Pacific (APAC).
North America accounted for a substantial share of the global concentrated solar power market in 2019. Approximately 1,815 MW of CSP plants are in operation in the United States. Europe also holds a noteworthy share in the global concentrated solar power market, with booming investments in Spain. Furthermore, new tariff legislation, the growing need for storage, and proven plant performance have further boosted the investors' confidence in Spanish Concentrated Solar Power ownership.
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