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水力压裂化学品市场增长、趋势、COVID-19 影响和预测 (2023-2028)Fracking Chemicals Market - Growth, Trends, and Forecasts (2023 - 2028) |
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水力压裂化学品市场预计在 2022 年至 2027 年的预测期内以 6.5% 左右的复合年增长率增长。
COVID-19 大流行对水力压裂行业产生了严重影响,因为对石油和天然气的需求下降突然停止了上游石油和天然气流程,从而压低了商品价格。 例如在美国,WTI(西德克萨斯中质原油)原油价格从年初的每桶63美元跌至每桶14美元的最低价。 此外,水力压裂的成本高得令人望而却步,对于赢得几个项目这样的场景来说是遥不可及的。 由于世界各地对非常规资源水平钻井的需求增加和天然气的高产量,预计水力压裂化学品市场将在不久的将来蓬勃发展。 然而,由于能源转换为可再生能源导致的石油产量下降预计将在不久的将来阻碍市场。
许多国家/地区的水平钻井数量正在增加,预计在预测期内将以最快的速度增长。
无水水力压裂、绿色化学品和丙烷凝胶等新的替代水力压裂技术有望在未来创造巨大的增长机会。
由于非常规油气产量在美国和加拿大的石油产量中所占比例很高,因此预计在预测期内北美地区将主导市场。
水平钻井是一种与垂直井筒成至少 80 度角的钻井技术。 这是一种通过在高压下注入水力压裂(压裂液)来破碎基岩以提取石油和天然气的技术。 一般在非常规油气资源情况下进行。
特别是在美国页岩气繁荣之后,水力压裂已成为从緻密的非常规资源中开采天然气不可或缺的技术,并得到广泛应用。 2020年美国页岩气产量将达到261390亿立方英尺,比过去五年增长近70%。
此外,预计未来几年世界其他地区的非常规石油产量也将激增。 例如,中国石油和天然气行业的老牌中海油已宣布计划在 2022 年 1 月增加国内非常规油气产量。 国内资源是三个非常规煤层气和緻密气项目,总峰值产量为 18,100 桶当量/天或 3.05 Mcm/d。
2021 年 11 月,沙特阿美公司宣布开始开发 Jahoura 非常规气田,这是沙特阿拉伯最大的页岩气资源无关气田。 预计该油田将于 2025 年开始每天生产 2 亿立方英尺。
在此背景下,水平钻井有望成为未来的一大商机。
随着对原油和液化天然气的需求增加,预计北美将继续成为水力压裂化学品的最大市场,这最终将反映在美国和加拿大的高产油量上。
在美国,到 2020 年,緻密油产量将占原油总产量的很大一部分,尤其是来自着名的非常规石油和天然气公司,例如 Eagle Ford、Spraberry、Bakken、Wolfcamp 和 Woodford。它有到过。 据美国能源信息署称,该国的原油产量预计到 2023 年将达到创纪录水平,预计达到每天 1260 万桶 (b/d)。 二迭纪盆地拥有大量非常规资源,预计将带动美国原油产量的增长。
在过去的二十年里,美国政府每年还投资约 200 亿美元,为新的石油和天然气项目增加价值,包括巴肯地层、海恩斯维尔页岩、阿巴拉契亚、伊格尔福特和二迭纪盆地。在页岩热潮中,增加了企业的预期利润。 预计此类政府举措将促进私营部门对生产的投资。
2022 年 1 月,加拿大石油生产商协会 (CAPP) 预测,随着全球对石油和天然气的需求增加,2022 年天然气和石油投资将增长 22%。 预计到 2022 年,加拿大油砂投资(非常规)的增长将从 2021 年的 87 亿美元增长约 33% 至 116 亿美元。
随着这些新兴市场的发展,该地区有望成为水力压裂化工行业最大的市场。
水力压裂化学品市场较为分散。 主要参与者包括陶氏化学公司、Parchem Fine & Specialty Chemicals、Flotek Industries Inc.、BASF SE、Solvay SA 等。
The fracking chemicals market is expected to record a CAGR of around 6.5% during the forecast period 2022-2027. The COVID-19 pandemic severely impacted the fracking industry as oil and gas upstream operations came to a sudden halt due to low demand for oil and gas, which resulted in low commodity prices. For instance, in United States, the price of WTI (West Texas Intermediate) crude reached its lowest level, amounting to USD 14 per barrel from USD 63 per barrel at the beginning of the year. The cost of the fracking process is exorbitantly high, thus was not affordable in a scenario where they got a few projects. The fracking chemicals market is expected to thrive in the near future due to the increased demand for horizontal drilling for unconventional resources and the high rate of production of natural gas in many parts of the world. However, the reduced oil production due to the energy transition toward renewables is expected to impede the market in the near future.
* The horizontal or drilling segment is expected to grow at the fastest rate during the forecast period due to the increased number of horizontally drilled wells in many countries.
* The new alternative fracking technologies, such as waterless fracking, the introduction of green chemicals, propane gel, and other technologies, are expected to create tremendous growth opportunities in the future.
* The North American region is expected to dominate the market during the forecast period due to the high share of unconventional oil and gas production in petroleum production in United States and Canada.
* Horizontal drilling is a technique in which drilling is done at an at least 80 degrees angular direction to the vertical wellbore. The technique involves hydraulic fracturing to extract oil or gas deposits, a process in which fracking fluid is injected at high pressure toward difficult rock formations. The process is generally carried out in the case of unconventional petroleum resources.
* The process became a widely used technique, particularly after the US shale gas boom, when hydraulic fracturing became an indispensable part of gas extraction from tight unconventional resources. The shale gas production in United States reached 26,139 billion cubic feet in 2020, an increase of around 70% over the last five years.
* Furthermore, in other parts of the world too, unconventional petroleum production is expected to get a spike over the coming years. For example, in January 2022, CNOOC, China's veteran oil and gas industry player, announced plans to increase domestic unconventional oil and gas production in 2022. The domestic sources include three unconventional coal bed methane and tight gas projects, with a total peak output of 18,100 boe/d or 3.05 Mcm/day.
* In November 2021, Saudi Aramco announced the commencement of the development of the Jafurah unconventional gas field, the largest non-associated gas field in Saudi Arabia with shale gas resources. The field is expected to commence production in 2025, with 200 million standard cubic feet per day (scfd).
* Owing to such developments, the horizontal drilling segment is expected to get major opportunities in the near future.
* The North American region is likely to continue as the largest market in the fracking chemicals industry due to the increased demand for crude oil and LNG, which is ultimately likely to be reflected in a high rate of petroleum production in United States and Canada.
* In United States, tight oil production accounted for a significant share of the overall crude production in 2020, specifically from the prominent unconventional oil and gas players like Eagle Ford, Spraberry, Bakken, Wolfcamp, Woodford, etc. According to the US Energy Information Administration, crude oil production is expected to reach record-high levels in the country by 2023, reaching a forecast of 12.6 million barrels per day (b/d). The Permian Basin, which has a significant share of unconventional resources, is expected to steer the overall US crude oil production growth.
* Furthermore, the US government invested around USD 20 billion annually toward boosting the value of new oil and gas projects in the last two decades, which increased companies' expected profits during the shale booms in the Bakken Formation, Haynesville Shale and Appalachian, Eagle Ford, and Permian Basins. Such initiatives by the government are expected to attract more private investments for production.
* In January 2022, the Canadian Association of Petroleum Producers (CAPP) forecast a 22% increase in natural gas and oil investment in 2022 due to the increased global demand for oil and gas. The growth in oil sands investment (unconventional) in Canada is forecast to increase by around 33% to USD 11.6 billion in 2022 as compared to USD 8.7 billion in 2021.
* Such developments are likely to make the region the largest market for the fracking chemicals industry.
The fracking chemicals market is moderately fragmented. Some of the key players include Dow Chemical Company, Parchem Fine & Specialty Chemicals, Flotek Industries Inc., BASF SE, and Solvay SA, among others.