乏燃料和放射性废物管理市场 - COVID-19 的增长、趋势、影响和预测 (2023-2028)

乏燃料和放射性废物管理市场预计在 2022 年至 2027 年的预测期内以 1.5% 的复合年增长率增长。

在 COVID-19 大流行期间，市场没有受到任何重大负面影响。 与化石燃料相比，核电站能够以更低的碳排放量发电。 与其他火力发电技术相比，核发电产生的废物量非常小，但核废物的适当和安全管理是核电站运营商最重要的问题。它是 诸如越来越多地采用清洁能源以满足碳排放目标以及政府政策支持的核电站寿命延长等因素预计将推动市场。 然而，在预测期内，高初始成本和投资回收期可能会阻碍乏燃料和放射性废物管理市场。

主要亮点

• 过去，低放废物行业一直主导着市场，并且很可能在预测期内占据主导地位。
• 中东和非洲的主要国家和一些大公司正在投资非化石燃料发电技术，尤其是小型核反应堆。 沙特阿拉伯计划到 2030 年将其 30-50% 的核计划本地化。 同样，约旦和其他几个国家也处于建设核电站的早期阶段，未来将为全球乏燃料和核废料管理市场提供增长机会。
• 由于中国和印度等主要新兴经济体的存在，预计亚太地区的乏燃料和核废料管理全球市场将出现显着增长。

乏燃料和放射性废物管理市场趋势

低放射性废料有望主导市场

• 放射性核废料包括具有放射性或被放射性污染并确定不再使用的材料。 核燃料循环产生的低放废物 (LLW) 所含放射性物质不超过每吨 ALPHA 活度 4 吉贝可 (GBq/t) 和 12 GBq/t BETA 伽马活度。 LLW 通常在处置前被压实或焚烧以减少其体积。
• LLW 在处理或运输过程中不需要屏蔽，适合在近地表设施中处置。
• 调查的市场以低放废物为主，占放射性废物总量的 90%，但只有 1% 具有放射性。 LLW 处置的管理方法（已采用或正在考虑）包括三个主要选项：近地质处置、中深度洞穴处置和深层地质处置。
• 由于 90% 以上的核废料被归类为 LLW，因此有必要发展基础设施以正确安全地储存放射性废料。 此外，核电作为清洁和可持续能源的日益普及，促使各国投资核电厂和相关设施，这正在推动乏燃料和核废料管理市场。预□□计
• 因此，核电的持久性和有前途的发电替代方案在全球范围内对核电厂产生了巨大的需求。
• 此外，由于核电的优势和可靠性，亚太地区正在建设各种发电厂。 在此背景下，乏燃料和放射性废物市场的需求也在增加。
• 因此，预计低放射性废物行业将在预测期内主导市场。

亚太地区有望实现显着增长

• 预计亚太地区将成为预测期内增长最快的市场。 与北美和欧洲相比，发电量，尤其是核电的增长多年来一直受到限制。 几个亚洲国家正在计划或建造新的核反应堆，以满足对清洁电力日益增长的需求。 中国、日本、韩国和印度是预计在预测期内推动亚太乏燃料和核废物管理市场的主要国家。
• 中国采用最先进的技术和最严格的标准发展核电，对核设施的选址、设计、施工、运行和废物管理的整个生命週期进行严格控制。 . 截至 2022 年 2 月，中国有 54 座反应堆在运行，14 座反应堆在建，还有一座反应堆接近开工建设。 2021年在运反应堆总容量为50.71Gwe，当年发电量约375TWh，占全国总发电量的4.9%。
• 该国计划在未来几年扩大其反应堆舰队。 截至2020年6月，中国共有核反应堆1224万千瓦，在建和规划中超过50万千瓦。 2020 年 4 月，生态环境部核安全监察局局长表示，所有 15 个未完工的反应堆都已恢復建设，已经运行的反应堆未受到 COVID-19 爆发的影响。
• 中国核能行业继续稳步扩张，2018年至2027年年均装机容量增长10.3%，预计到下一个十年末核电装机容量将达到95GW以上。 . 这符合中国实现基本负荷发电脱碳以及积累和出口核能专业知识的雄心勃勃的目标。 因此，废物量预计将大大高于现有核电站，这可能会在预测期内推动市场。
• 此外，根据世界核协会的数据，该国的铀需求到 2020 年将超过 11,000 TU（58 个反应堆在运行），到 2025 年将超过 18,500 TU（100 个反应堆），到 2030 年将超过 24,000 TU（130 个反应堆） . 随着中国快速建设新反应堆，燃料后处理和乏燃料储存的长期政策可能会实施，从而为所研究的市场增添动力。
• 印度截至 2021 年底的核电装机容量为 688.5 万千瓦，净在建容量约为 420 万千瓦。 印度对扩大国内核部门表现出极大兴趣，以此作为满足其迅速增长的电力需求、通过采用低碳能源减少排放以及开发铀和钍储量的一种手段。
• 因此，预计在预测期内，亚太地区的乏燃料和放射性废物管理市场将出现显着增长。

乏燃料和放射性废物管理市场的竞争对手分析

由于技术复杂且从事该行业的公司数量较少，乏燃料和放射性废物管理市场得到适度整合。 这个市场的主要参与者是 Fluor Corporation、Bechtel Group Inc.、Westinghouse Electric Company LLC、Perma-Fix Env□□ironmental Services Inc.、Veolia Environnement SA。

其他好处

• Excel 格式的市场预测 (ME) 表
• 三个月的分析师支持

内容

第一章介绍

• 调查范围
• 市场定义
• 调查假设

第 2 章执行摘要

第三章研究方法论

第 4 章市场概述

• 简介
• 到 2027 年的市场规模和需求预测（单位：亿美元）
• 近期趋势和发展
• 政府法规和政策
• 市场动态
  • 司机
  • 约束因素
• 波特的五力分析
  • 供应商的议价能力
  • 消费者的议价能力
  • 新进入者的威胁
  • 替代品的威胁
  • 竞争公司之间的敌对关係

第 5 章市场细分

• 类型
  • 低放废物
  • 中放废物
  • 高放废物
• 来源
  • 核燃料循环
    • 核能发电反应堆
    • 放射性物质开采、破碎和提取活动
  • 研究、医疗和工业资源
  • 军事和国防规划
  • 其他来源
• 按地区
  • 北美
  • 欧洲
  • 亚太地区
  • 南美洲
  • 中东和非洲

第六章竞争格局

• 併购、合资、合作、协议
• 主要参与者采用的策略
• 公司简介
  • Fluor Corporation
  • Westinghouse Electric Company LLC（Toshiba）
  • Bechtel Group Inc.
  • Augean PLC
  • Perma-Fix Environmental Services Inc.
  • Agence Nationale pour la gestion des dechets radioactifs（ANDRA）□
  • Veolia Environment SA
  • Studsvik AB
  • Enercon Services Inc.
  • EnergySolutions Inc.

第7章 市场机会未来动向

The spent fuel and nuclear waste management market is expected to record a CAGR of 1.5% during the forecast period, 2022-2027. During the COVID-19 pandemic, the market did not witness any major negative impact. The nuclear power plant has the ability to generate electricity with lower carbon emissions as compared to fossil fuels. Although the amount of waste generated by nuclear power is very small relative to other thermal electricity generation technologies, proper and safe management of nuclear waste is of utmost importance for the nuclear power plant operators. Factors such as increasing adoption of cleaner energy sources to meet carbon emission targets and nuclear plant life extensions due to supporting government policies are expected to drive the market. However, the high initial cost and a high payback period are likely to hinder the spent fuel and nuclear waste management market during the forecast period.

Key Highlights

• The low-level waste segment dominated the market in the past and is likely to dominate the market during the forecast period.
• Major countries in Middle East & Africa, accompanied by a few major companies, are investing in non-fossil fuel-based power generation technologies, especially in small nuclear reactors. Saudi Arabia plans to achieve 30-50% of local content for its nuclear program before 2030. Similarly, Jordan and a few more countries are in the initial phase of nuclear power plant construction, which is likely to provide an opportunity to grow the global spent fuel and nuclear waste management market in the coming future.
• Asia-Pacific is expected to witness significant growth in the global spent fuel and nuclear waste management market, owing to the presence of several major developing nations such as China and India.

Spent Fuel & Nuclear Waste Management Market Trends

Low-level Waste Expected to Dominate the Market

• Radioactive nuclear waste includes any material that is intrinsically radioactive or contaminated by radioactivity and deemed to have no further use. Low-level waste (LLW) generated from the nuclear fuel cycle has a radioactive content not exceeding 4 giga-becquerels per ton (GBq/t) of the alpha activity or 12 GBq/t beta-gamma activity. To reduce its volume, LLW is often compacted or incinerated before disposal. ​
• It does not require shielding during handling and transport, and it is suitable for disposal in near-surface facilities.​
• The market studied is dominated by LLW, which comprises 90% of the volume but only 1% of the radioactivity of all radioactive waste. Management practices for the disposal of LLW (adopted or under consideration) encompass three main options, such as near-surface disposal, disposal in caverns at intermediate depth, and disposal in deep geological formations.​
• As more than 90% of nuclear waste comes under the LLW category, more infrastructure is needed to store the radioactive waste properly and safely. Moreover, as nuclear power is getting popular due to clean and sustainable sources of energy, various countries are investing in nuclear power plants and related facilities, which is expected to drive the spent fuel and nuclear waste management market.
• Therefore, the long durability and a promising alternative for power generation in the form of nuclear-based power generation have been tremendously inflicting the demand for nuclear power plants globally.​
• Furthermore, various power plants are under construction across the Asia-Pacific region, owing to the advantage and reliability offered by nuclear-based power generation. This, in turn, is driving the demand for the spent fuel and nuclear waste market.​
• Therefore, owing to the above points, the low-level waste segment is expected to dominate the market during the forecast period.

Asia-Pacific Expected to Witness Significant Growth

• Asia-Pacific is expected to be the fastest-growing market during the forecast period. In contrast to North America and Europe, where growth in electricity generating capacity, particularly nuclear power, has been limited for many years. Several countries in Asia are planning and building new nuclear power reactors to meet their increasing demand for clean electricity. China, Japan, South Korea, and India are the major countries that are expected to drive the spent fuel and nuclear waste management market in Asia-Pacific during the forecast period. ​
• China uses the most advanced technology and the most stringent standards for the development of nuclear power, and it strictly manages the entire life cycle of nuclear facilities from siting, design, construction, and operation, to waste management. As of February 2022, China has 54 nuclear power reactors in operation, 14 under construction, and more about to start construction. The combined capacity of operating nuclear power reactors in 2021 was 50.71 Gwe, which generated around 375 TWh of electricity in the same year, representing 4.9% of the total electricity generation in the country. ​
• The country plans to expand its nuclear reactors fleet in the coming years. As of June 2020, China had around 12 reactors with a combined capacity of 12.24 GWe and more than 50 GWe under construction and planned phases. In April 2020, the director of the Nuclear Safety Inspection Department at the Ministry of Ecology and Environment stated that all the 15 unfinished reactor units had resumed construction, and reactors that were already in operation were not affected due to the COVID-19 outbreak. ​
• The Chinese nuclear sector is expected to continue to expand at robust rates, with capacity increasing by an annual average of 10.3% between 2018 and 2027, resulting in more than 95GW of installed nuclear capacity by the end of the next decade. This is in line with the ambitious aims of China to decarbonize its baseload generation and amass nuclear expertise to export. Hence, the volumes of waste are expected to be significantly greater than the existing waste from nuclear power plants, which may drive the market during the forecast period.​
• Furthermore, according to the World Nuclear Association, the demand for uranium in the country is expected to be over 11,000 TU (with 58 reactors operating) in 2020, about 18,500 TU (for 100 reactors) in 2025, and about 24,000 TU (for 130 reactors) in 2030. As China rapidly increases the number of new reactors, a long-term policy is expected to be in place for fuel reprocessing and spent fuel storage, providing an impetus to the market studied.
• India had 6.885 GW of installed nuclear capacity at the end of 2021 and around 4.2 GW of net capacity under construction. India has shown significant interest in expanding its domestic nuclear sector as a means to meet the rapidly growing demand for electricity, lower emissions through the adoption of low-carbon power sources, and capitalize on its indigenous reserves of uranium and thorium.​
• Therefore, owing to the above points, Asia-Pacific is expected to witness significant growth in the spent fuel and nuclear waste management market during the forecast period.

Spent Fuel & Nuclear Waste Management Market Competitor Analysis

The spent fuel and nuclear waste management market is moderately consolidated due to few companies operating in the industry because of the complex technology. The key players in this market include Fluor Corporation, Bechtel Group Inc., Westinghouse Electric Company LLC, Perma-Fix Environmental Services Inc., and Veolia Environnement SA​.

Additional Benefits:

• The market estimate (ME) sheet in Excel format
• 3 months of analyst support

TABLE OF CONTENTS

1 INTRODUCTION

• 1.1 Scope of the Study
• 1.2 Market Definition
• 1.3 Study Assumptions

2 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY

3 RESEARCH METHODOLOGY

4 MARKET OVERVIEW

• 4.1 Introduction
• 4.2 Market Size and Demand Forecast, in USD billion,until 2027
• 4.3 Recent Trends and Developments
• 4.4 Government Policies and Regulations
• 4.5 Market Dynamics
  • 4.5.1 Drivers
  • 4.5.2 Restraints
• 4.6 Porter's Five Forces Analysis
  • 4.6.1 Bargaining Power of Suppliers
  • 4.6.2 Bargaining Power of Consumers
  • 4.6.3 Threat of New Entrants
  • 4.6.4 Threat of Substitutes Products and Services
  • 4.6.5 Intensity of Competitive Rivalry

5 MARKET SEGMENTATION

• 5.1 Type
  • 5.1.1 Low-level Waste
  • 5.1.2 Intermediate-level Waste
  • 5.1.3 High-level Waste
• 5.2 Source
  • 5.2.1 Nuclear Fuel Cycle
    • 5.2.1.1 Nuclear Power Reactors​
    • 5.2.1.2 Radioactive Mining, Milling, and Extracting Activities​
  • 5.2.2 Research, Medical, and Industrial Source​
  • 5.2.3 Military and Defense Programs
  • 5.2.4 Other Sources
• 5.3 Geography
  • 5.3.1 North America
  • 5.3.2 Europe
  • 5.3.3 Asia-Pacific
  • 5.3.4 South America
  • 5.3.5 Middle East & Africa

6 COMPETITIVE LANDSCAPE

• 6.1 Mergers and Acquisitions, Joint Ventures, Collaborations, and Agreements
• 6.2 Strategies Adopted by Leading Players
• 6.3 Company Profiles
  • 6.3.1 Fluor Corporation
  • 6.3.2 Westinghouse Electric Company LLC (Toshiba)
  • 6.3.3 Bechtel Group Inc.
  • 6.3.4 Augean PLC
  • 6.3.5 Perma-Fix Environmental Services Inc.
  • 6.3.6 Agence Nationale pour la gestion des dechets radioactifs (ANDRA)​
  • 6.3.7 Veolia Environment SA
  • 6.3.8 Studsvik AB
  • 6.3.9 Enercon Services Inc.
  • 6.3.10 EnergySolutions Inc.

7 MARKET OPPORTUNITIES AND FUTURE TRENDS