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市场调查报告书
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1440084

自动化 3D 列印：市场占有率分析、产业趋势与统计、成长预测（2024-2029）

Automated 3D Printing - Market Share Analysis, Industry Trends & Statistics, Growth Forecasts (2024 - 2029)
出版日期: | 出版商: Mordor Intelligence | 英文 120 Pages | 商品交期: 2-3个工作天内

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简介目录

自动化3D列印市场规模预计到2024年为21.3亿美元，预计到2029年将达到101亿美元，在预测期内（2024-2029年）复合年增长率为36.49%。

自动化 3D 列印 - 市场

研发投资的增加以及工业自动化机器人的日益采用预计将推动市场成长。

主要亮点

  • 近年来，3D列印不断经历从原型製作和小批量阶段到大规模生产技术的转变，整个产业的采用率不断提高，工业和非列印机供应商将重点转向自动化。此外，随着积层製造的发展趋势，硬体正在超越用于原型製作、模具加工和单件生产的独立系统，转变为整合数位大规模生产线和新的熄灯工厂中的核心系统。
  • 人工智慧和机器学习技术正在被用于增材製造业的各种应用。例如，麻省理工学院的研究人员应用机器学习的资料驱动性质来自动化发现新 3D 列印材料的流程。透过机器学习，韧性和抗压强度等材料性能因素使用演算法进行了最佳化，这些演算法很快就超越了传统的 3D 列印材料配方方法。研究人员开发了一个名为 AutoOED 的免费开放原始码材料优化平台，使其他研究人员能够执行材料最佳化。
  • 同样，2022 年 1 月，来自德国和加拿大的一组组织建立了新的合作伙伴关係，以利用 3D 列印和人工智慧来实现零件固定过程的自动化。自适应雷射增材製造过程感测的人工智慧增强 (AI-SLAM)计划旨在创建强大的基于人工智慧的软体，可自动运行定向能量沉淀(DED) 3D 列印机。为了更好地修復受损部件的凹凸表面，软体透过演算法控制列印过程。弗劳恩霍夫雷射技术研究所 (ILT) 和软体公司 BCT 是德国联盟的一部分。在加拿大，这项研究将由加拿大国家研究委员会（NRC）监督。麦吉尔大学将协调这项研究，机器学习公司 Braintoy 将协助对 AI 模型进行程式设计。
  • 此外，参与者还在市场上进行了各种开发，以增强他们在市场中的地位。例如，2021年4月，Mosaic推出了自动化3D列印平台Array。它将材料加载和卸载到四台 Element HT 印表机、开始列印、删除列印并保存它们，以便您可以开始下一次列印。此阵列的设计具有最大的弹性，配有自动贩卖机式的机械臂，可以检索列印件，将其放在一边，并为下一次列印装载干净的床，从而最大限度地提高产量。
  • 2021 年 10 月，总部位于温哥华的 3D 列印产业自动化技术开发商 3DQue 宣布推出两款适用于 Creality CR-10 和 CR-6 SE 的全新 Quinly 自动化套件。 Quinly 是 Raspberry Pi 提供的虚拟3D 列印机操作员，它是一个硬体和软体套件，可让您独立运行桌上型 3D 列印机。该技术旨在透过消除体力劳动来提高 3D 列印的扩充性。它主要针对印刷实验室、按需製造商、教育机构以及任何其他寻求自动化大批量零件生产的企业。
  • 此外，由于供应链中断以及对治疗方法和材料的新需求，COVID-19 大流行显着加速了製药、医疗设备和製造领域的技术进步。供应链短缺导致医护人员难以取得所需物资，导致医院对抗病毒的个人防护设备（PPE）和医疗设备短缺。因此，积层製造 (AM)（自动 3D 列印）因其可近性和弹性而成为值得注意的製造流程之一，可快速生产复杂的整体零件和机械系统。

自动化3D列印市场趋势

汽车领域预计将推动市场成长

  • 汽车作为​​当今主要的交通途径，已成为人类生活中不可或缺的一部分。目前全球道路上行驶的汽车数量超过 13 亿辆，预计到 2035 年将增加至 18 亿辆。小客车约占这些统计数据的74%，而轻型商用车、大型卡车、巴士和远距，其余26%是小型客车。
  • 3D 列印可用于创建模具和热成型工具，以快速製造夹具、夹具和固定装置。这使得汽车製造商能够以较低的成本生产样品和工具，从而消除投资高成本工具时的未来生产损失。 Local Motors 于 2014 年推出了第一辆 3D 列印电动车。 BMW集团等其他老字型大小企业也纷纷效仿，推出自动化 3D 列印技术。在美国一些最大的汽车製造商中，大约 80% 到 90% 的初始原型组件是 3D 列印的，自动化的趋势正在增强。受欢迎的部件包括排气、进气和管道系统部件。这些部件在短时间内进行数位设计、3D列印并安装在汽车上，并透过多次迭代进行测试。
  • 自动化 3D 列印在汽车领域最常见的应用也许是生产夹具和固定装置等製造辅助工具。使用传统方法创建製造工具非常昂贵且耗时，并且几何形状限制降低了製造过程的效率并增加了对最终使用零件的几何形状的限制。 3D 列印製造工具重量轻且符合人体工学，使工厂工人更轻鬆、更安全地完成业务。
  • 此外，汽车製造涉及的数量非常大，每个零件都要运行数十万次。大多数 3D 列印技术（目前）很难赶上这一点。然而，许多豪华汽车製造商将汽车的产量限制在数千辆，这使得自动化 3D 列印成为可行的选择。
  • 根据世界经济论坛预测，到2035年，全自动驾驶汽车的销售量与前一年同期比较超过1,200万辆，占全球汽车市场的25%。此外，电动机製造商的多项倡议正在推动市场成长。 2020马达3月，英国工程公司Equipmake开发出一款高功率永磁电动。马达是与 3D 列印专家 Hieta 合作设计的。 Equipmake 的 Ampere马达重近 10 公斤，但可输出 295 匹马力。
  • 此外，支架是小型、常见的零件，在过去，当工程师受到传统製造方法的限制时，很难对其进行最佳化。工程师现在可以设计优化的支架，并使用 3D 列印将这些设计变为现实。劳斯莱斯最近展示了其支架的 3D 列印能力。该公司展示了一大批经过 DfAM 优化和 3D 列印的汽车金属零件，其中许多零件似乎都在支架中。儘管 3D 列印在汽车行业的主要用途仍然是原型製作，但该技术在工具中的应用正在迅速普及。大众汽车就是这方面的主要例子之一，该公司多年来一直在内部使用 3D 列印。该公司的黏着剂喷涂成型技术也用于建造组件。同样在 2021 年 7 月，大众汽车宣布与西门子和惠普建立合作关係，以工业化 3D 列印结构部件，这些部件比钢板製成的同类部件轻得多。

预计北美将占据主要市场占有率

  • 北美是全球自动化3D列印的重要市场之一，其中美国在该地区占有很大份额。该国不断增长的需求可归因于大大小小的供应商的大量存在。例如，位于加州卡尔斯巴德的 Forecast 3D 为医疗保健、汽车、航太、消费品和设计行业提供各种材料的 3D 列印服务。
  • 由于强大的人工智慧应用的快速发展，封闭回路型控制系统长期以来一直是增材製造工程师的基本目标。例如，纽约GE Niskayuna Additive Research的研究人员使用高解析度摄影机逐层监控列印过程，以检测条纹、草皮、孔洞和其他通常看不见的问题。我们创建了自己的机器学习平台用肉眼。此外，还使用电脑断层扫描 (CT) 影像将资料与预先记录的缺陷资料库进行即时比较。人工智慧系统经过训练，可以使用高解析度影像和电脑断层扫描资料来预测整个列印过程中的问题并检测缺陷。
  • 此外，市场上也发布了多项与聚合物3D列印相关的技术专利。例如，工业3D列印自动化智慧后列印解决方案供应商之一PostProcess Technologies Inc.于2020年8月获得了聚合物3D列印自动化后列印技术专利。 SVC 技术是 PostProcess 3D 列印聚合物支撑去除和树脂去除解决方案积层製造系列的一部分。此取得专利的方法使用正在申请专利的清洁剂和专有演算法，以确保 3D 列印组件在列印后均匀一致地接触清洁剂和空化。
  • 各供应商也在该地区扩建其设施，主要是为了应对供应链挑战和各个最终用户领域不断增长的需求。例如，2021年2月，Roboze宣布将在德克萨斯州休士顿开设美国总部，以促进国内生产回归并解决供应链问题。 Roboze 计划在未来两年内僱用 100 多名员工，将加强其在美国的工程和製造能力，以满足航太、石油天然气和移动出行等行业对 3D 列印技术不断增长的需求。能够回应。
  • 同样，2021 年 4 月，Roboze 宣布推出 Roboze Automate，这是一种工业自动化系统，可将使用超聚合物和复合材料的客製化 3D 列印引入最终最终用户应用的生产工作流程中。在美国，随着从能源到运输再到製造业的基础设施发展开始，金属短缺正在对每个工业部门产生影响。 Roboze 将其新型聚合物平台技术 PEEK（理想的金属替代技术）与与贝加莱合作开发的 PLC 工业自动化系统结合。

自动化3D列印产业概述

儘管自动化3D列印市场竞争激烈，多家大公司都在争夺更大的份额，主要企业已经占领了大多数消费者，并正在研究进一步的开发和创新。我们也投资于硬体的开发和合作供应商。主要参与者包括 Stratasys Ltd、3D Systems Corporation、ExOne Company 等。

  • 2022 年 2 月 - Viaccess-Orca、ShipParts.com 与 SLM Solutions 共同宣布推出一项新技术解决方案，可实现增材製造 (AM) 的直接云端列印。这种完全自动化的软体执行透过控制允许的列印数量、持续时间和参数来保护製造商与零件资料相关的智慧财产权 (IP)。此云端列印解决方案基于 VO 的 SMP 软体库和 SLM 解决方案机器韧体的本机集成，使製造商能够在获取列印许可证时确信其 IP 受到保护。
  • 2022 年 1 月 - 着名的增材製造 (AM) 软体和服务供应商 Materialise NV、品质保证软体供应商 Sigma Labs, Inc. 和 Materialise 合作扩充性。我们开发了技术来增强它。新平台将 Sigma Labs 的 PrintRite 3D 感测器技术与 Materialise 控制平台结合，使用户能够即时识别和修復金属建置问题。
  • 2022 年 1 月 - PostProcess Technologies 宣布在其产品组合中添加用于增材製造 (AM) 的自动化和智慧列印后解决方案的新解决方案系列。新型 VORSA 500 利用后处理技术，以免提方式持续移除 3D 列印 FDM 零件上的支撑结构。

其他福利

  • Excel 格式的市场预测 (ME) 表
  • 3 个月分析师支持

目录

第一章简介

  • 研究假设和市场定义
  • 调查范围

第二章调查方法

第三章执行摘要

第四章市场洞察

  • 市场概况
  • 产业价值链分析
  • 产业吸引力－波特五力分析
    • 新进入者的威胁
    • 买方议价能力
    • 供应商的议价能力
    • 替代产品的威胁
    • 竞争公司之间的敌意强度
  • 评估 COVID-19 对产业的影响

第五章市场动态

  • 市场驱动因素
    • 加大研发投入
    • 机器人技术在工业自动化领域的应用不断增加
  • 市场挑战
    • 营运挑战

第六章市场区隔

  • 奉献
    • 硬体
    • 软体
    • 服务
  • 过程
    • 自动化生产
    • 物料输送
    • 零件处理
    • 后处理
    • 多重处理
  • 按最终用户产业
    • 工业製造
    • 车
    • 航太和国防
    • 消费性产品
    • 卫生保健
    • 活力
    • 其他最终用户产业
  • 地区
    • 北美洲
    • 欧洲
    • 亚太地区
    • 拉丁美洲
    • 中东和非洲

第七章 竞争形势

  • 公司简介
    • Stratasys Ltd
    • Concept Laser Inc.（GE Additive）
    • The ExOne Company
    • SLM Solutions Group AG
    • 3D Systems Corporation
    • Universal Robots AS
    • Formlabs
    • PostProcess Technologies Inc.
    • Materialise NV
    • Authentise Inc.
    • DWS Systems
    • Coobx AG
    • ABB Group

第八章投资分析

第九章市场机会与未来趋势

简介目录
Product Code: 69777

The Automated 3D Printing Market size is estimated at USD 2.13 billion in 2024, and is expected to reach USD 10.10 billion by 2029, growing at a CAGR of 36.49% during the forecast period (2024-2029).

Automated 3D Printing - Market

The increasing investments in R&D and growth in the adoption of robotics for industrial automation are expected to propel market growth.

Key Highlights

  • Over the last few years, 3D printing has constantly experienced a shift from the prototyping and small batches phase to mass production technology with a growing adoption rate across the industries, where the industrial and non-printer vendors have shifted their focus toward automation. Also, with the evolutionary trend for additive manufacturing, hardware growing beyond stand-alone systems that are used for prototyping, tooling, and single-part production to be used as core systems within integrated digital mass production lines is driving the number of opportunities in the emerging lights-out factories.
  • Artificial Intelligence and machine learning technologies are finding their way through various applications in the additive manufacturing industry. For instance, researchers from MIT have applied the data-driven nature of machine learning to automate the process of discovering new 3D printing materials. With machine learning, material performance factors, such as toughness and compression strength, were optimized using an algorithm that quickly outperformed conventional methods of 3D printing material formulation. The researchers developed a free, open-source materials optimization platform called AutoOED, allowing other researchers to conduct their material optimization.
  • Similarly, in January 2022, a group of organizations from Germany and Canada formed a new collaboration to use 3D printing and AI to automate the process of fixing parts. The Artificial Intelligence Enhancement of Process Sensing for Adaptive Laser Additive Manufacturing (AI-SLAM) project aims to create powerful AI-based software that can run directed energy deposition (DED) 3D printers automatically. To more successfully repair uneven surfaces on damaged components, the software will algorithmically regulate the printing process. The Fraunhofer Institute for Laser Technology (ILT) and a software company BCT are part of the German consortium. In Canada, the work will be overseen by the National Research Council of Canada (NRC). McGill University will coordinate the research, and machine learning firm Braintoy will help program the AI models.
  • Furthermore, there have been various developments in the market by players to enhance their position in the market. For instance, in April 2021, Mosaic launched Array, an automated 3D printing platform, which loads and unloads materials for its four Element HT printers, starts prints, removes prints, and stores them so that the next prints can begin. The Array is designed for maximum flexibility with its vending machine-style robotic arm that removes prints, places them to the side, and loads a clean bed for the next print, ensuring maximum output.
  • In October 2021, 3DQue, a Vancouver-based developer of automation technology for the 3D printing industry, announced the launch of two new Quinly automation kits for the Creality CR-10 and CR-6 SE. Quinly is a virtual 3D printer operator served by a Raspberry Pi, a hardware and software kit capable of running desktop 3D printers on its own. The technology is designed to make 3D printing more scalable by taking manual labor out of the equation. It is primarily aimed at print labs, on-demand manufacturers, educational institutions, and anyone else seeking automated mass part production.
  • Additionally, due to the disruption of supply chains and new demands for treatments and materials, the COVID-19 pandemic has significantly accelerated technological advancements in the pharmaceutical, medical device, and manufacturing sectors. The supply chain shortages have made it hard for medical personnel to get the supplies they need, generating a shortage of personal protection equipment (PPE) and medical devices in hospitals for fighting off the virus. Owing to this, additive manufacturing (AM) (automated 3D printing) has emerged as one remarkable fabrication process because of its accessibility and flexibility to produce complex and monolithic parts or even mechanical systems quickly.

Automated 3D Printing Market Trends

The Automotive Segment is Expected to Drive the Market's Growth

  • Automobiles are an essential part of human lives as the main mode of transportation today. Currently, there are over 1.3 billion motor vehicles on the road globally, with that number expected to rise to 1.8 billion by the year 2035. Passenger cars comprise roughly 74% of these statistics, while light commercial vehicles and heavy trucks, buses, coaches, and minibusses make up the remaining 26%.
  • 3D printing can be used in making molds and thermoforming tools for the rapid manufacturing of grips, jigs, and fixtures. This allows automakers to produce samples and tools at low costs and eliminate future production losses when investing in high-cost tooling. The first-ever 3D-printed electric car was launched in 2014 by Local Motors. Subsequently, other established firms, like the BMW group, have also followed suit in terms of adopting automated 3D printing techniques. In several major US auto manufacturers, around 80%-90% of each initial prototype assembly has been 3D printed, with an increasing trend toward automation. Some of the popular components are parts of the exhaust, air intake, and ducting. These parts are designed digitally, 3D printed, and fitted on a car in short order, then tested through multiple iterations.
  • Perhaps the most popular use of automated 3D printing in the automotive space is fabricating manufacturing aids like jigs and fixtures. Making manufacturing tools using traditional means is rather costly and time-consuming, and geometry limitations translate into less efficient manufacturing processes and more constraints on the geometry of end-use parts. Manufacturing tools that are 3D printed are lighter and more ergonomic, making it easier and safer for factory workers to perform their duties.
  • Furthermore, the production volumes associated with automotive manufacturing are very high, tallying to hundreds of thousands of runs for every part. That would be difficult for most 3D printing technologies to keep up with (for now). But many high-end automobile manufacturers limit the production runs of their cars to only a few thousand units, which makes automated 3d printing a viable option.
  • According to the World Economic Forum, more than 12 million fully autonomous cars are expected to be sold per year-on-year 2035, covering 25% of the global automotive market. Also, several initiatives taken by the electric motor manufacturers are leading to the growth of the market. In March 2020, UK-based engineering company Equipmake developed a power-dense permanent magnet electric motor. The motor was designed in collaboration with Hieta, a 3D printing specialist. Equipmake's Ampere motor will weigh near to 10kg but provide an output of 295bhp.
  • Furthermore, Brackets are small and rather mundane parts, which were very difficult to optimize in the past time when engineers were constrained by the traditional manufacturing methods. Currently, engineers can design optimized brackets and bring these designs to life with the help of 3D printing. Rolls Royce recently showcased the capabilities of 3D printing for brackets. The company showed off a large batch of DfAM-optimized and 3D-printed automotive metal parts, many of which look to be bracketed. While prototyping remains the primary application of 3D printing within the automotive industry, using the technology for tooling is rapidly catching on. One major example of this is Volkswagen, which has been using 3D printing in-house for a number of years. Their binder jetting technology is also in use to construct the component. Also, in July 2021, Volkswagen stated that it is partnering with Siemens and HP to industrialize 3D printing of structural parts, which can be significantly lighter than equivalent components made of sheet steel.

North America is Expected to Hold a Major Market Share

  • North America is one of the significant markets for Automated 3D printing globally, with the United States accounting for a significant share in the region. The country's rising demand can be attributed to the vast presence of small and big vendors. For instance, Forecast 3D in Carlsbad, CA, offers 3D printing services in a variety of materials to the healthcare, automotive, aerospace, consumer products, and design industries.
  • Closed-loop control systems have long been a fundamental aim for additive manufacturing engineers due to the rapid development of powerful AI applications. For instance, Researchers at GE's Niskayuna Additive Research Lab, New York, created a proprietary machine-learning platform that uses high-resolution cameras to monitor the printing process layer by layer and detect streaks, pits, holes, and other problems that are typically invisible to the naked eye. Further, The data is compared in real-time to a pre-recorded flaws database utilizing computer tomography (CT) imaging. The AI system will be trained to forecast difficulties and detect flaws throughout the printing process using the high-resolution image and CT scan data.
  • Furthermore, the market is witnessed with various technology patents for polymer 3D printing. For instance, in August 2020, PostProcess Technologies Inc., one of the providers of automated and intelligent post-printing solutions for industrial 3D printing, received a patent for automated post-printing technology for polymer 3D printing. The SVC technology is part of PostProcess's additive manufacturing family of 3D printed polymer support removal and resin removal solutions. This patented method uses patent-pending detergents and proprietary algorithms to ensure that 3D printed components are exposed to detergent and cavitation uniformly, consistently, and reliably during post-printing.
  • Also, various vendors are expanding facilities into the region, primarily to address the supply chain challenges and growing demand in various end-user verticals. For instance, in February 2021, Roboze announced the opening of its US headquarters in Houston, Texas, to facilitate the reshoring of domestic production and address supply chain issues. Roboze will be able to increase its engineering and production capacity in the United States with plans to hire over 100 employees in the next two years and address a growing demand for 3D printing technology in industries such as aerospace, oil and gas, and mobility.
  • Similarly, in April 2021, Roboze announced the launch of Roboze Automate, the industrial automation system to bring customized 3D printing with super polymers and composites into the production workflow for extreme end-user applications. The United States is experiencing a metals deficit that is affecting each of the industry areas as it begins an infrastructure push that spans from energy to transportation to manufacturing. Roboze combined its novel polymer platform technology, PEEK, an ideal metals replacement technology, with a PLC industrial automation system developed in partnership with B&R.

Automated 3D Printing Industry Overview

The automated 3D printing market is competitive and consists of several major players who are trying to gain a larger share, but top players have gained a major proportion of consumers and also investing in R&D and partnerships with hardware vendors for more developments and innovations. Some of the key players include Stratasys Ltd, 3D Systems Corporation, and The ExOne Company, among others.

  • February 2022 - Viaccess-Orca, ShipParts.com, along with SLM Solutions, announced a new technology solution that enables direct Cloud-to-Print for additive manufacturing (AM). This fully automated software execution protects the manufacturer's intellectual property (IP) associated with part data by controlling the quantity, duration, and parameters of acceptable prints. Based on the native integration of VO's SMP software library and SLM Solutions machine firmware, this Cloud-to-Print solution allows manufacturers to be fully confident that their IP will be protected when printing is licensed.
  • January 2022 - Materialise NV, a renowned provider of additive manufacturing (AM) software and services, Sigma Labs, Inc., a provider of quality assurance software, and Materialise, together have developed a technology to enhance the scalability of metal AM applications. The new platform combines Sigma Labs' PrintRite3D sensor technology to Materialise Control Platform to enable the users to identify and correct metal build issues in real-time.
  • January 2022 - PostProcess Technologies announced the addition of a new solution lineup of automated, intelligent post-printing solutions for additive manufacturing (AM) to its portfolio. The new VORSA 500 leverages PostProcess technology for consistent, hands-free support structure removal on 3D printed FDM parts.

Additional Benefits:

  • The market estimate (ME) sheet in Excel format
  • 3 months of analyst support

TABLE OF CONTENTS

1 INTRODUCTION

  • 1.1 Study Assumptions and Market Definition
  • 1.2 Scope of the Study

2 RESEARCH METHODOLOGY

3 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY

4 MARKET INSIGHTS

  • 4.1 Market Overview
  • 4.2 Industry Value Chain Analysis
  • 4.3 Industry Attractiveness - Porter's Five Forces Analysis
    • 4.3.1 Threat of New Entrants
    • 4.3.2 Bargaining Power of Buyers
    • 4.3.3 Bargaining Power of Suppliers
    • 4.3.4 Threat of Substitute Products
    • 4.3.5 Intensity of Competitive Rivalry
  • 4.4 Assestment of the Impact of COVID-19 on the Industry

5 MARKET DYNAMICS

  • 5.1 Market Drivers
    • 5.1.1 Increasing Investments in R&D
    • 5.1.2 Growth in Adoption of Robotics for Industrial Automation
  • 5.2 Market Challenges
    • 5.2.1 Operational Challenges

6 MARKET SEGMENTATION

  • 6.1 Offering
    • 6.1.1 Hardware
    • 6.1.2 Software
    • 6.1.3 Services
  • 6.2 Process
    • 6.2.1 Automated Production
    • 6.2.2 Material Handling
    • 6.2.3 Part Handling
    • 6.2.4 Post-Processing
    • 6.2.5 Multiprocessing
  • 6.3 End-user Vertical
    • 6.3.1 Industrial Manufacturing
    • 6.3.2 Automotive
    • 6.3.3 Aerospace and Defense
    • 6.3.4 Consumer Products
    • 6.3.5 Healthcare
    • 6.3.6 Energy
    • 6.3.7 Other End-user Verticals
  • 6.4 Geography
    • 6.4.1 North America
    • 6.4.2 Europe
    • 6.4.3 Asia Pacific
    • 6.4.4 Latin America
    • 6.4.5 Middle-East and Africa

7 COMPETITIVE LANDSCAPE

  • 7.1 Company Profiles
    • 7.1.1 Stratasys Ltd
    • 7.1.2 Concept Laser Inc. (GE Additive)
    • 7.1.3 The ExOne Company
    • 7.1.4 SLM Solutions Group AG
    • 7.1.5 3D Systems Corporation
    • 7.1.6 Universal Robots AS
    • 7.1.7 Formlabs
    • 7.1.8 PostProcess Technologies Inc.
    • 7.1.9 Materialise NV
    • 7.1.10 Authentise Inc.
    • 7.1.11 DWS Systems
    • 7.1.12 Coobx AG
    • 7.1.13 ABB Group

8 INVESTMENT ANALYSIS

9 MARKET OPPORTUNITIES AND FUTURE TRENDS