欧洲电信业者在「最环保电信业者」排名中占主导地位：从全球前十的七家欧洲公司汲取经验——如何应对川普政府的亲化石燃料战略

全球电信业正在向绿色转型，但进展缓慢。根据MTN顾问公司和Teral Research于2025年11月发布的一项研究，电信业者的能源消耗将在2024年保持稳定，为340.6太瓦时。虽然再生能源占比从2019年的10%成长到23%，但该产业仍需采取更多措施来实现气候目标。包括范围3排放在内的总排放量在2023年和2024年均较去年同期下降了6-8%。这项进展得益于5G的全球扩张以及从铜缆到更节能的光纤的过渡。然而，未来的道路依然充满挑战。儘管范围 3 排放占电信业碳足迹的大部分，但一些公司，例如中国主要营运商和沙乌地阿拉伯的 STC，其报告情况却不尽如人意。降低排放强度的真正进展取决于供应商。诺基亚和爱立信等欧洲供应商已将直接排放降至最低，而康宁等中国供应商和电缆製造商的排放强度仍然很高，属于例外情况。 地缘政治环境使情况更加复杂。川普政府近期的一些倒退举措，例如退出 "巴黎协定" 和优先发展煤炭，威胁着全球的绿色发展势头。儘管如此，欧洲电信业者正在加强支持绿色议程。在瑞士电信和西班牙电信的引领下，全球十大最环保电信业者中有七家总部位于欧洲。这些公司正在将 ESG（环境、社会和治理）因素纳入财务报告，发行绿色债券，并直接投资再生能源基础设施。最终， "欧洲模式" 为整个产业提供了一个蓝图。透过利用绿色采购、管理层优先考虑环保以及客户 "绿色支援" 等工具，电信公司可以实现成长与排放的脱钩。儘管区域性限制依然存在，但全面的绿色策略远不止于道德或 "环保主义" 。对于寻求维护其全球企业价值并满足重视透明度和永续性的投资者的电信公司而言，这更是一项财务上的必然选择。 本报告分析了全球电信业的能源使用和永续发展趋势，涵盖能源消耗、再生能源占比、排放趋势以及区域性措施。

提及的组织：

• Airtel
• Altice USA
• America Movil
• Amnesty International
• BAS Corp
• Bouygues Telecom
• Charter Communications
• China Mobile
• China Telecom
• China Unicom
• Ciena
• Cisco
• Corning
• Defense Department (USA)
• Deutsche Telekom
• Dish Network
• egg Power
• Environmental Protection Agency (USA)
• Ericsson
• Fiberhome
• Furukawa Electric
• Huawei
• International Energy Agency
• LG Uplus
• Liberty Global
• Nokia
• NVIDIA
• Orange
• Proximus
• STC
• Sterlite
• Swisscom
• Tele2 AB
• Telefonica
• Telia
• Telkom Indonesia
• Telus
• Vodafone
• ZTE

目录

• 1. 摘要
• 2. 通讯业的能源利用与永续性趋势
• 3. 全球通讯业对环境变得和善,不过，那个步调缓慢
• 4. 净零的未来
• 5. 通讯业者的规模3排放量削减的掌握关键的供应商
• 6. 扑克先生的登场
• 7. 欧洲的通讯业者用永续性指标领导
• 8. 欧洲环境领导者倍增
• 9. 结论
• 10. 附录

The global telecom sector is turning green, but progress is slow. According to a November 2025 study from MTN Consulting and Teral Research, telco energy consumption was flat in 2024 at 340.6 TWh. While renewable energy now accounts for 23% of that total, up from just 10% in 2019, the industry requires a deeper commitment to meet climate goals. Total emissions, including Scope 3, fell 6-8% YoY in both 2023 and 2024. These gains are driven by global 5G scaling and the transition from copper to more energy-efficient fiber. However, the path ahead is steep. Scope 3 emissions represent the majority of the telco carbon footprint, but reporting remains inconsistent among laggards like the major Chinese operators and STC. Real progress in reducing emissions intensity depends on vendors. While Europe-based vendors like Nokia and Ericsson have minimized direct emissions, Chinese vendors and cable manufacturers like Corning remain high-intensity outliers.

The geopolitical landscape adds further complexity. Recent regressive moves by the Trump administration, including exiting the Paris Agreement and prioritizing coal, threaten global momentum. Despite this, European telcos are doubling down on their green agendas. Seven of the world's top ten greenest telcos, led by Swisscom and Telefonica, are based in Europe. These companies are integrating ESG into financial reporting, utilizing green bonds, and investing directly in renewable energy infrastructure. Ultimately, the "European model" offers a blueprint for the industry. By leveraging green procurement, management prioritization, "green enablement" for customers, and other levers, telcos can decouple growth from emissions. Regional constraints remain a reality, but a serious green strategy is not just about morality or being a "tree hugger." It is a financial requirement for telcos who want to protect their global valuations and satisfy investors who now reward transparency and sustainability.

Organizations mentioned:

• Airtel
• Altice USA
• America Movil
• Amnesty International
• BAS Corp
• Bouygues Telecom
• Charter Communications
• China Mobile
• China Telecom
• China Unicom
• Ciena
• Cisco
• Corning
• Defense Department (USA)
• Deutsche Telekom
• Dish Network
• egg Power
• Environmental Protection Agency (USA)
• Ericsson
• Fiberhome
• Furukawa Electric
• Huawei
• International Energy Agency
• LG Uplus
• Liberty Global
• Nokia
• NVIDIA
• Orange
• Proximus
• STC
• Sterlite
• Swisscom
• Tele2 AB
• Telefonica
• Telia
• Telkom Indonesia
• Telus
• Vodafone
• ZTE

Table of Contents

• 1. Summary
• 2. Telecom energy use & sustainability trends
• 3. Global telco sector is getting greener, but slowly
• 4. Path to net zero
• 5. Vendors hold the key to lowering telco scope 3 emissions
• 6. Enter stage right: Trump
• 7. European telcos lead on sustainability metrics
• 8. Europe's green leaders doubling down
• 9. Conclusion
• 10. Appendix

List of Figures and Charts

• Figure 1: YoY % changes in key metrics for global telco market
• Figure 2: Carbon footprint by emissions type (market-based): 2019-24 actuals and potential trajectory
• Figure 3: Emissions intensity for Telco NI vendors, Telcos, and Webscalers/Hyperscalers (2019-24)*
• Figure 4: Europe leads list of world's greenest telcos based on emissions intensity (2024)