克服人工智慧领域的能源负担：从OFC 2026洞察资料中心和通讯网路应对气候风险和能源市场波动

来自OFC 2026的洞见：应对资料中心和通讯网路中的气候风险和能源市场波动

本报告评估了业界为协调人工智慧千兆瓦级电力需求与现有通讯和资料中心基础设施的实体和经济限制所做的努力。报告基于上月在洛杉矶举行的OFC 2026的新闻分析、简报和技术论文，提供了总结和趋势分析。

对于通讯业者和资料中心营运商而言，能源消耗已从次要的营运问题转变为一项重要的策略风险。虽然能源成本占通讯业者总营运支出的3%至5%甚至更多，但资料中心的比例更高，而且还在不断上升。在气候变迁加速以及伊朗战争等地区衝突导致能源市场持续波动的背景下，网路工程的重点正从尖峰容量转向「每瓦性能」。永续发展目标不再是自愿的，而是投资者、经营团队和网路工程师共同施加的限制。电信网路和资料中心都被视为关键基础设施。虽然超大规模资料中心业者资料中心的能源消耗正在快速成长，但通讯业者的能源消耗却保持平稳，然而从绝对值来看，电信业的能源消耗远高于超大规模资料中心。预计到2024年，电信业的能源消耗将达到340兆瓦时（TWh），远超超大规模资料中心业者的189太瓦时。电信业的碳足迹也超过了超超大规模资料中心业者。 2024 年，通讯业的温室气体排放（包括范围 1、2 和 3 的排放量）总计达到 3.42 亿吨二氧化碳当量，超过了超超大规模资料中心业者营运商的 2.29 亿吨排放量。

最新的OFC 2026数据显示，电力消耗是新型网路面临的最大挑战。 NVIDIA、思科、博通、Marvell和Coherent等公司正在研究共封装和线性架构，因为传统的光纤通讯处理方法能耗过高。一些新技术在特定类型的网路中实现了亚皮焦耳级的效率，电力消耗降低了97%，但其他技术仍面临挑战。目前，超宽频（UWB）系统的能量损耗高达48%，而且新的设计仍然极为复杂。对于建构大规模人工智慧丛集的公司而言，效率不再是可选项，而是生存的必需品。

提及的组织：

• 3M
• AMD
• Arista
• Broadcom
• China Telecom
• 中国光电与通讯国家重点实验室
• Ciena
• Cisco
• Coherent
• Eoptolink
• Ericsson
• Google
• Hyperlight
• Keysight
• Lightmatter
• LightXcelerate
• Lumentum
• Marvell
• Meta
• National Tsing Hua University
• Nokia Bell Labs
• NTT
• NVIDIA
• OIF
• Semtech
• Telefonica
• TIM
• TSMC
• UMC
• University College London
• University of Melbourne
• University of Tokyo
• Wavetek

目录

概括

给业界相关人员的建议

• 对于供应商
• 对于通讯业者

活动的主要主题和演讲内容

• OIF互通性展示：节能介面
• 思科：Silicon One G300 和 100T 障碍
• 连贯性：废热回收方面的先进措施和 CPO 的柔软性
• 英伟达：保障光供应链安全及迈向费曼的蓝图
• 博通：Taurus 和 Tomahawk 6
• Marvell Arista：线性接收与发送重定时光学技术
• 超轻量/轻质材料：下一代材料和织物技术
• Semtech、Lumentum、Eoptolink：用于人工智慧扩展的低功耗、高速光学技术

对市场发展的影响

• 能源效率是资料中心的关键KPI
• 电信业的能源消耗：驱动动态网络
• 过渡到液冷和XPO
• 互联互通蓝图多样化
• 从热回收到发电

OFC 2026 的能源相关研究成果

• 资料中心
• 通讯网路

结论：解决能源瓶颈问题

附录

Insights from OFC 2026 for navigating climate risk and energy market volatility in data centers & telecom networks

This brief assesses the industry's efforts to reconcile the gigawatt-scale power requirements of artificial intelligence with the physical and economic constraints of existing telecom and data center infrastructure. We use news analysis, briefings, and technical papers from last month's OFC 2026 event in Los Angeles to fuel our summary and trend analysis.

Energy consumption has transitioned from a secondary operational concern to a primary strategic risk for both telcos and data center operators. For telcos, energy represents 3 to 5 percent or more of total operating expenditure, while in the data center world, that figure is significantly higher and rising. With the acceleration of climate change and continued energy market volatility driven by regional conflicts, such as the Iran war, the focus of network engineering has shifted from peak capacity to performance per watt. Sustainability targets are no longer discretionary commitments; they are binding constraints imposed by investors, senior leadership, and network engineers. And both telecom networks and data centers matter. While hyperscaler energy consumption is growing rapidly even as telco use has plateaued, the telecom sector consumes significantly more energy on an absolute basis: 340 terawatt hours in 2024 vs. 189 TWh for hyperscalers. The telecom sector's carbon footprint also exceeds that of hyperscalers: telco greenhouse gas emissions across all three scopes totalled 342 million metric tons of CO2-equivalent in 2024, compared with 229 million for hyperscalers.

The latest data from OFC 2026 makes it clear that power consumption is the biggest challenge for new networks. Companies such as NVIDIA, Cisco, Broadcom, Marvell, and Coherent are exploring co-packaged and linear architectures because traditional ways of handling optics use too much energy. While some new tech is hitting sub-picojoule efficiency levels or saving 97 percent on power in specific network types, other areas are struggling. Ultra-wideband systems currently have a 48 percent energy penalty, and new designs are still very complex. For anyone building large AI clusters, efficiency is no longer a choice; it is a requirement for survival.

Organizations mentioned:

• 3M
• AMD
• Arista
• Broadcom
• China Telecom
• China's State Key Laboratory of Photonics and Communications
• Ciena
• Cisco
• Coherent
• Eoptolink
• Ericsson
• Google
• Hyperlight
• Keysight
• Lightmatter
• LightXcelerate
• Lumentum
• Marvell
• Meta
• National Tsing Hua University
• Nokia Bell Labs
• NTT
• NVIDIA
• OIF
• Semtech
• Telefonica
• TIM
• TSMC
• UMC
• University College London
• University of Melbourne
• University of Tokyo
• Wavetek

Table of Contents

Summary

Recommendations for industry players

• For vendors
• For operators

Key themes and announcements from the event

• OIF interoperability showcase: energy efficient interfaces
• Cisco: Silicon One G300 and the 100T barrier
• Coherent: Pioneering waste heat recovery and CPO versatility
• NVIDIA: Securing the optical supply chain and the road to Feynman
• Broadcom: Taurus and Tomahawk 6
• Marvell and Arista: Linear-receive and transmit-retimed optics
• Hyperlight and Lightmatter: next-generation materials and fabrics
• Semtech, Lumentum, & Eoptolink: low-power, high-speed optical for AI scaling

Implications for market development

• Energy efficiency as a primary KPI in data centers
• Energy consumption in telecom: The push for dynamic networks
• The shift toward liquid cooling and XPO
• The diversification of the interconnect roadmap
• From heat recovery to electricity generation

Energy-related research findings at OFC 2026

• Data centers
• Telecom networks

Conclusion: Managing the energy bottleneck

Appendix

List of Figures

• Figure 1: Energy consumption in TWh: Telco vs. Hyperscaler
• Figure 2: Summary of OIF's work in energy efficiency area
• Figure 3: Cisco G300 data sheet - sustainability info
• Figure 4: Overview of Coherent's product lineup
• Figure 5: Broadcom's growth through acquisition
• Figure 6: Scale up, out, and across bandwidth requirements all growing fast
• Figure 7: ML-enhanced optical access network supporting H2M (Inset: TinyML workflow)
• Figure 8: An exemplary 6G mobile network topology with hardware architecture