封面
市场调查报告书
商品编码
1159230

消化管支架的全球市场:预测(2022年~2028年)

Gastrointestinal Stent Market 2022-2028

出版日期: | 出版商: Orion Market Research | 英文 127 Pages | 商品交期: 2-3个工作天内

价格

全球消化管支架的市场规模在预测期间内预计将以约5.5%的年复合成长率扩大。

本报告提供全球消化管支架市场相关调查,提供市场概要,以及各产品类型,各技术类型,各材料,各终端用户,各地区的趋势,及加入此市场的主要企业简介等资讯。

目录

第1章 报告概要

第2章 市场概要与洞察

第3章 竞争情形

  • Becton, Dickinson and Comany
  • Boston Scientific Corp.
  • Cantel Medical Corp
  • Conmed Corp
  • Cook Group Inc
  • 主要策略分析
  • COVID-19对主要加入企业带来的影响

第4章 市场区隔

  • 全球消化管支架市场,各产品类型
    • 胆管支架
    • 十二指肠支架
    • 大肠支架
    • 胰臟支架
    • 食道支架
  • 全球消化管支架市场,各技术类型
    • 移动防止支架
    • 药物释放型血管支架
    • 放射性支架
    • 逆流防止支架
    • 形状变更支架
  • 全球消化管支架市场,各材料
    • 塑胶制支架
    • 自我扩张型金属支架
    • 涂层自我扩张型金属支架
    • 生物分解性或药物释放型性支架
  • 全球消化管支架市场,各终端用户
    • 医院
    • 专门诊所
    • 门诊病人手术中心

第5章 地区分析

  • 北美
  • 欧洲
  • 亚太地区
  • 其他地区

第6章 企业简介

  • BCM Corp.
  • CITEC
  • ELLA-CS, s.r.o.
  • Endo-Flex GmbH
  • Hobbs Medical Inc.
  • Leufen Medical GmbH
  • Medorah Meditek Pvt.Ltd.
  • Merit Medical Systems, Inc.
  • Micro-Tech Corp.Ltd.
  • Olympus Corp.
  • QualiMed
  • Taewoong Medical Co.Ltd.
Product Code: OMR2026335

Global Gastrointestinal stent Market Size, Share & Trends Analysis Report by Product Type (Biliary Stent, Duodenal Stent, Colonic Stent, Pancreatic Stent, Esophageal Stent), By Technology Type (Anti Migratory Stent, Drug Eluting Stent, Radioactive Stent, Anti Reflux Stent, Shape Modified Stent), By Material (Plastic Stent, Self-Expanding Metal Stent( Stainless Steel Stent, Nitinol Stent), Covered Self Expandable Metallic Stent, Biodegradable or Drug Eluting Stent) And By End User (Hospital, Specialty Clinic and Ambulatory Surgical Center) Forecast 2022-2028

The global gastrointestinal stent market is anticipated to grow at a CAGR of around 5.5% during the forecast period. The Gastrointestinal stent is designed for therapies in various body ailments which are causing a blockage or obstruction in the gastrointestinal tract. GI stents are used in many conditions in the human body. Some of them are GI tract tumor palliation, GI bleeding, in leak sealing in the GI tract. In the placement of stents in the human body, there are two conditions that need to be fulfilled. First is technical success which means the successful placement of a stent in the position. The second is clinical success which means a point or timeframe after which relief from the condition is seen. It may be 3-30 days after placement, 3 months, or even beyond. GI stenting is used in many cases of GI cancer or IBD-related issues as it has a high proportion of success than other therapy used. For instance, in Aug 2020, in a meeting of the Society of American Gastrointestinal and endoscopic surgeon, Jorge A. arroyo who is an MD in medicine said that using a stent in closing a type of perforated duodenal ulcer was found feasible and did not differ with surgical closure. This study was published in SAGES Journal.

The global gastrointestinal stent market is segmented based on product type, technology type, material, and end user. Based on product type, the market is segmented into biliary stent, duodenal stent, colonic stent, pancreatic stent, esophageal stent. Based on the technology type, the market is sub-segmented into anti migratory stent, drug eluting stent, radioactive stent, anti-reflux stent, shape modified stent. Based on material the market is sub-segmented into plastic stent, self-expanding metal stent, covered self-expandable metallic stent, biodegradable or drug eluting stent. Based on end-users the market is sub-segmented into hospital, specialty clinic, and ambulatory surgical center. Among these, the self-expanding metal segment is anticipated to grow at a widespread rate during the forecast period. These stents are useful as the complication rate, the hospitalization rate was less after placement of stent as compared to another kind of stents. They will gain more changes in their design in the future. They are used in many GI tract problems. For instance, in July 2020, Olympus Corporation announced the launch of HANAROSTENT Esophagus TTS, which is a self-expanding metal stent. This will be helpful in treating the trachea esophageal fistula. This easily fits in a gastroscope and is accordingly placed in the esophagus.

Geographically market is segmented into North America, Europe, Asia-Pacific, and the Rest of the World. North America is going to be a good market for gastrointestinal stents. Colorectal cancer stands in second place for increasing deaths caused by cancer in Americans. For instance, in Feb 2021, around 51,000 Americans die due to colorectal cancer annually. This data is by GI alliance which is America's largest independent gastroenterology services organization.

The major companies serving the global Gastrointestinal stent market include Becton, Dickinson and Company, Boston Scientific Corp., Cantel Medical Corp., Conmed Corp., Cook Group Inc., and others. Research and developments in GI therapy are opening doors for market players for a more innovative and safer medical device. For instance, in April 2021, Exosome coated stent was developed by researchers from North Carolina State University which has a smart release trigger. This will help provide regenerative stem cell therapy to tissues that are damaged or which need blood. They help in tissue repair.

Research Methodology

The market study of the global gastrointestinal stent market is incorporated by extensive primary and secondary research conducted by the research team at OMR. Secondary research has been conducted to refine the available data to break down the market into various segments, derive total market size, market forecast, and growth rate. Different approaches have been worked on to derive the market value and market growth rate. Our team collects facts and data related to the market from different geography to provide a better regional outlook. In the report, the country-level analysis is provided by analyzing various regional players, regional tax laws and policies, consumer behavior, and macro-economic factors. Numbers extracted from secondary research have been authenticated by conducting proper primary research. It includes tracking down key people from the industry and interviewing them to validate the data. This enables our analyst to derive the closest possible figures without any major deviations in the actual number. Our analysts try to contact as many executives as possible, managers, key opinion leaders, and industry experts. Primary research brings authenticity to our reports.

Secondary Sources Include:

  • Financial reports of companies involved in the market.
  • Whitepapers, research papers, and news blogs.
  • Company websites and their product catalog.

The report provides an in-depth analysis of market size, intended quality of the service preferred by consumers. The report will serve as a source for a 360-degree analysis of the market thoroughly integrating different models.

Market Segmentation

1. Global Gastrointestinal stent Market Research and Analysis by Product Type.

2. Global Gastrointestinal stent Research and Analysis by Technology Type.

3. Global Gastrointestinal stent Market Research and Analysis by Material.

4. Global Gastrointestinal stent Market Research and Analysis by End-User.

The Report Covers:

  • Comprehensive Research Methodology of the global gastrointestinal stent market.
  • This report also includes a detailed and extensive market overview with key analyst insights.
  • An exhaustive analysis of macro and micro factors influencing the market guided by key recommendations.
  • Analysis of regional regulations and other government policies impacting the global Gastrointestinal stent Market.
  • Insights about market determinants that are stimulating the global Gastrointestinal stent market.
  • Detailed and extensive market segments with the regional distribution of forecasted revenues.
  • Extensive profiles and recent developments of market players.

Table of Contents

1. Report Summary

  • Current Industry Analysis and Growth Potential Outlook
  • Impact of COVID-19 on The Global Gastrointestinal Stent Market
  • Recovery Scenario of Global Gastrointestinal Stent Market
  • 1.1. Research Methods and Tools
  • 1.2. Market Breakdown
    • 1.2.1. By Segments
    • 1.2.2. BY Region

2. Market Overview and Insights

  • 2.1. Scope of the Report
  • 2.2. Analyst Insight & Current Market Trends
    • 2.2.1. Key Findings
    • 2.2.2. Recommendations
    • 2.2.3. Conclusion

3. Competitive Landscape

  • 3.1. Becton, Dickinson and Comany
    • 3.1.1. Overview
    • 3.1.2. Financial Analysis
    • 3.1.3. SWOT Analysis
    • 3.1.4. Recent Developments
  • 3.2. Boston Scientific Corp.
    • 3.2.1. Overview
    • 3.2.2. Financial Analysis
    • 3.2.3. SWOT Analysis
    • 3.2.4. Recent Developments
  • 3.3. Cantel Medical Corp.
    • 3.3.1. Overview
    • 3.3.2. Financial Analysis
    • 3.3.3. SWOT Analysis
    • 3.3.4. Recent Developments
  • 3.4. Conmed Corp.
    • 3.4.1. Overview
    • 3.4.2. Financial Analysis
    • 3.4.3. SWOT Analysis
    • 3.4.4. Recent Developments
  • 3.5. Cook Group Inc.
    • 3.5.1. Overview
    • 3.5.2. Financial Analysis
    • 3.5.3. SWOT Analysis
    • 3.5.4. Recent Developments
  • 3.6. Key Strategy Analysis
  • 3.7. Impact of Covid-19 on Key Players

4. Market Segmentation

  • 4.1. Global Gastrointestinal Stent Market by Product Type
    • 4.1.1. Biliary stent
    • 4.1.2. Duodenal stent
    • 4.1.3. Colonic stent
    • 4.1.4. Pancreatic stent
    • 4.1.5. Esophageal stent
  • 4.2. Global Gastrointestinal Stent Market by Technology Type
    • 4.2.1. Anti-migratory stent
    • 4.2.2. Drug eluting stent
    • 4.2.3. Radioactive stent
    • 4.2.4. Anti-reflux stent
    • 4.2.5. Shape modified stent
  • 4.3. Global Gastrointestinal Stent Market by Material
    • 4.3.1. Plastic stent
    • 4.3.2. Self-expanding metal stent
    • 4.3.3. Covered Self-Expandable Metallic Stents
    • 4.3.4. Biodegradable or Drug Eluting Stents

4.4 Global Gastrointestinal Stent Market by end user

    • 4.3.5. Hospitals
    • 4.3.6. Specialty clinic
    • 4.3.7. Ambulatory surgical centers

5. Regional Analysis

  • 5.1. North America
    • 5.1.1. United States
    • 5.1.2. Canada
  • 5.2. Europe
    • 5.2.1. UK
    • 5.2.2. Germany
    • 5.2.3. Italy
    • 5.2.4. Spain
    • 5.2.5. France
    • 5.2.6. Rest of Europe
  • 5.3. Asia-Pacific
    • 5.3.1. China
    • 5.3.2. India
    • 5.3.3. Japan
    • 5.3.4. South Korea
    • 5.3.5. Rest of Asia-Pacific
  • 5.4. Rest of the World

6. Company Profiles

  • 6.1. BCM Corp.
  • 6.2. CITEC
  • 6.3. ELLA-CS, s.r.o.
  • 6.4. Endo-Flex GmbH
  • 6.5. Hobbs Medical Inc.
  • 6.6. Leufen Medical GmbH
  • 6.7. Medorah Meditek Pvt.Ltd.
  • 6.8. Merit Medical Systems, Inc.
  • 6.9. Micro-Tech Corp.Ltd.
  • 6.10. Olympus Corp.
  • 6.11. QualiMed
  • 6.12. Taewoong Medical Co.Ltd.

LIST OF TABLES

  • 1. GLOBAL GASTROINTESTINAL STENT MARKET RESEARCH AND ANALYSIS BY PRODUCT TYPE, 2021-2028 ($ MILLION)
  • 2. GLOBAL BILIARY GASTROINTESTINAL STENT MARKET RESEARCH AND ANALYSIS BY REGION, 2021-2028 ($ MILLION)
  • 3. GLOBAL COLONIC GASTROINTESTINAL STENT MARKET RESEARCH AND ANALYSIS BY REGION, 2021-2028 ($ MILLION)
  • 4. GLOBAL PANCREATIC GASTROINTESTINAL STENT MARKET RESEARCH AND ANALYSIS BY REGION, 2021-2028 ($ MILLION)
  • 5. GLOBAL ESOPHAGEAL GASTROINTESTINAL STENT MARKET RESEARCH AND ANALYSIS BY REGION, 2021-2028 ($ MILLION)
  • 6. GLOBAL GASTROINTESTINAL STENT MARKET RESEARCH AND ANALYSIS BY TECHNOLOGY TYPE, 2021-2028 ($ MILLION)
  • 7. GLOBAL ANTI MIGRATORY GASTROINTESTINAL STENT MARKET RESEARCH AND ANALYSIS BY REGION, 2021-2028 ($ MILLION)
  • 8. GLOBAL DRUG ELUTING GASTROINTESTINAL STENT MARKET RESEARCH AND ANALYSIS BY REGION, 2021-2028 ($ MILLION)
  • 9. GLOBAL RADIOACTIVE GASTROINTESTINAL STENT MARKET RESEARCH AND ANALYSIS BY REGION, 2021-2028 ($ MILLION)
  • 10. GLOBAL ANTI REFLUX GASTROINTESTINAL STENT MARKET RESEARCH AND ANALYSIS BY REGION, 2021-2028 ($ MILLION)
  • 11. GLOBAL SHAPE MODIFIED GASTROINTESTINAL STENT MARKET RESEARCH AND ANALYSIS BY REGION, 2021-2028 ($ MILLION)
  • 12. GLOBAL GASTROINTESTINAL STENT MARKET RESEARCH AND ANALYSIS BY MATERIAL, 2021-2028 ($ MILLION)
  • 13. GLOBAL PLASTIC GASTROINTESTINAL STENT MARKET RESEARCH AND ANALYSIS BY REGION, 2021-2028 ($ MILLION)
  • 14. GLOBAL SELF EXPANDING METAL GASTROINTESTINAL STENT MARKET RESEARCH AND ANALYSIS BY REGION, 2021-2028 ($ MILLION)
  • 15. GLOBAL STAINLESS STEEL GASTROINTESTINAL STENT MARKET RESEARCH AND ANALYSIS BY REGION, 2021-2028 ($ MILLION)
  • 16. GLOBAL COVERED SELF EXPANDABLE METALLIC GASTROINTESTINAL STENT MARKET RESEARCH AND ANALYSIS BY REGION, 2021-2028 ($ MILLION)
  • 17. GLOBAL BIODEGRADABLE OR DRUG ELUTING GASTROINTESTINAL STENT MARKET RESEARCH AND ANALYSIS BY REGION, 2021-2028 ($ MILLION)
  • 18. GLOBAL GASTROINTESTINAL STENT MARKET RESEARCH AND ANALYSIS BY END USER, 2021-2028 ($ MILLION)
  • 19. GLOBAL GASTROINTESTINAL STENT IN HOSPITAL MARKET RESEARCH AND ANALYSIS BY REGION, 2021-2028 ($ MILLION)
  • 20. GLOBAL GASTROINTESTINAL STENT IN SPECIALITY CLINICS MARKET RESEARCH AND ANALYSIS BY REGION, 2021-2028 ($ MILLION)
  • 21. GLOBAL GASTROINTESTINAL STENT IN AMBULATORY SURGICAL CENTERS MARKET RESEARCH AND ANALYSIS BY REGION, 2021-2028 ($ MILLION)
  • 22. GLOBAL GASTROINTESTINAL STENT MARKET RESEARCH AND ANALYSIS BY GEOGRAPHY, 2021-2028 ($ MILLION)
  • 23. NORTH AMERICAN GASTROINTESTINAL STENT MARKET RESEARCH AND ANALYSIS BY COUNTRY, 2021-2028 ($ MILLION)
  • 24. NORTH AMERICAN GASTROINTESTINAL STENT MARKET RESEARCH AND ANALYSIS BY PRODUCT TYPE, 2021-2028 ($ MILLION)
  • 25. NORTH AMERICAN GASTROINTESTINAL STENT MARKET RESEARCH AND ANALYSIS BY TECHNOLOGY TYPE, 2021-2028 ($ MILLION)
  • 26. NORTH AMERICAN GASTROINTESTINAL STENT MARKET RESEARCH AND ANALYSIS BY MATERIAL, 2021-2028 ($ MILLION)
  • 27. NORTH AMERICAN GASTROINTESTINAL STENT MARKET RESEARCH AND ANALYSIS BY END USER, 2021-2028 ($ MILLION)
  • 28. EUROPEAN GASTROINTESTINAL STENT MARKET RESEARCH AND ANALYSIS BY COUNTRY, 2021-2028 ($ MILLION)
  • 29. EUROPEAN GASTROINTESTINAL STENT MARKET RESEARCH AND ANALYSIS BY PRODUCT TYPE, 2021-2028 ($ MILLION)
  • 30. EUROPEAN GASTROINTESTINAL STENT MARKET RESEARCH AND ANALYSIS BY TECHNOLOGY TYPE, 2021-2028 ($ MILLION)
  • 31. EUROPEAN GASTROINTESTINAL STENT MARKET RESEARCH AND ANALYSIS BY MATERIAL, 2021-2028 ($ MILLION)
  • 32. EUROPEAN GASTROINTESTINAL STENT MARKET RESEARCH AND ANALYSIS BY END USER, 2021-2028 ($ MILLION)
  • 33. ASIA-PACIFIC GASTROINTESTINAL STENT MARKET RESEARCH AND ANALYSIS BY COUNTRY, 2021-2028 ($ MILLION)
  • 34. ASIA-PACIFIC GASTROINTESTINAL STENT MARKET RESEARCH AND ANALYSIS BY PRODUCT TYPE, 2021-2028 ($ MILLION)
  • 35. ASIA-PACIFIC GASTROINTESTINAL STENT MARKET RESEARCH AND ANALYSIS BY TECHNOLOGY TYPE, 2021-2028 ($ MILLION)
  • 36. ASIA-PACIFIC GASTROINTESTINAL STENT MARKET RESEARCH AND ANALYSIS BY MATERIAL, 2021-2028 ($ MILLION)
  • 37. ASIA-PACIFIC GASTROINTESTINAL STENT MARKET RESEARCH AND ANALYSIS BY END USER, 2021-2028 ($ MILLION)
  • 38. REST OF THE WORLD GASTROINTESTINAL STENT MARKET RESEARCH AND ANALYSIS BY COUNTRY, 2021-2028 ($ MILLION)
  • 39. REST OF THE WORLD GASTROINTESTINAL STENT MARKET RESEARCH AND ANALYSIS BY PRODUCT TYPE, 2021-2028 ($ MILLION)
  • 40. REST OF THE WORLD GASTROINTESTINAL STENT MARKET RESEARCH AND ANALYSIS BY TECHNOLOGY TYPE, 2021-2028 ($ MILLION)
  • 41. REST OF THE WORLD GASTROINTESTINAL STENT MARKET RESEARCH AND ANALYSIS BY MATERIAL, 2021-2028 ($ MILLION)
  • 42. REST OF THE WORLD GASTROINTESTINAL STENT MARKET RESEARCH AND ANALYSIS BY END USER, 2021-2028 ($ MILLION)

LIST OF FIGURES

  • 1. IMPACT OF COVID-19 ON GLOBAL GASTROINTESTINAL STENT MARKET, 2021-2028 ($ MILLION)
  • 2. IMPACT OF COVID-19 ON GLOBAL GASTROINTESTINAL STENT MARKET BY SEGMENT, 2021-2028 ($ MILLION)
  • 3. RECOVERY OF GLOBAL GASTROINTESTINAL STENT MARKET, 2021-2027 (%)
  • 4. GLOBAL GASTROINTESTINAL STENT MARKET SHARE BY PRODUCT TYPE, 2021 VS 2028 (%)
  • 5. GLOBAL BILIARY GASTROINTESTINAL STENT MARKET SHARE BY GEOGRAPHY, 2021 VS 2028 (%)
  • 6. GLOBAL DUODENAL GASTROINTESTINAL STENT MARKET SHARE BY GEOGRAPHY, 2021 VS 2028 (%)
  • 7. GLOBAL COLONIC GASTROINTESTINAL STENT MARKET SHARE BY GEOGRAPHY, 2021 VS 2028 (%)
  • 8. GLOBAL PANCREATIC GASTROINTESTINAL STENT MARKET SHARE BY GEOGRAPHY, 2021 VS 2028 (%)
  • 9. GLOBAL ESOPHAGEAL GASTROINTESTINAL STENT MARKET SHARE BY GEOGRAPHY, 2021 VS 2028 (%)
  • 10. GLOBAL GASTROINTESTINAL STENT MARKET SHARE BY TECHNOLOGY TYPE, 2021 VS 2028 (%)
  • 11. GLOBAL ANTI MIGRATORY GASTROINTESTINAL STENT MARKET SHARE BY GEOGRAPHY, 2021 VS 2028 (%)
  • 12. GLOBAL DRUG ELUTING GASTROINTESTINAL STENT MARKET SHARE BY GEOGRAPHY, 2021 VS 2028 (%)
  • 13. GLOBAL RADIOACTIVE GASTROINTESTINAL STENT MARKET SHARE BY GEOGRAPHY, 2021 VS 2028 (%)
  • 14. GLOBAL ANTI REFLUX GASTROINTESTINAL STENT MARKET SHARE BY GEOGRAPHY, 2021 VS 2028 (%)
  • 15. GLOBAL SHAPE MODIFIED GASTROINTESTINAL STENT MARKET SHARE BY GEOGRAPHY, 2021 VS 2028 (%)
  • 16. GLOBAL GASTROINTESTINAL STENT MARKET SHARE BY MATERIAL, 2021 VS 2028 (%)
  • 17. GLOBAL PLASTIC GASTROINTESTINAL STENT MARKET SHARE BY GEOGRAPHY, 2021 VS 2028 (%)
  • 18. GLOBAL SELF EXPANDING METAL GASTROINTESTINAL STENT MARKET SHARE BY GEOGRAPHY, 2021 VS 2028 (%)
  • 19. GLOBAL COVERED SELF EXPANDABLE METALLIC GASTROINTESTINAL STENT MARKET SHARE BY GEOGRAPHY, 2021 VS 2028 (%)
  • 20. GLOBAL BIODEGRADABLE OR DRUG ELUTING GASTROINTESTINAL STENT MARKET SHARE BY GEOGRAPHY, 2021 VS 2028 (%)
  • 21. GLOBAL GASTROINTESTINAL STENT MARKET SHARE BY END USER, 2021 VS 2028 (%)
  • 22. GLOBAL GASTROINTESTINAL STENT MARKET BY HOSPITAL MARKET SHARE BY GEOGRAPHY, 2021 VS 2028 (%)
  • 23. GLOBAL GASTROINTESTINAL STENT MARKET BY SPECIALITY CLINICS MARKET SHARE BY GEOGRAPHY, 2021 VS 2028 (%)
  • 24. GLOBAL GASTROINTESTINAL STENT MARKET BY AMBULATORY SURGICAL CENTERS MARKET SHARE BY GEOGRAPHY, 2021 VS 2028 (%)
  • 25. GLOBAL GASTROINTESTINAL STENT MARKET SHARE BY GEOGRAPHY, 2021 VS 2028 (%)
  • 26. US GASTROINTESTINAL STENT MARKET SIZE, 2021-2028 ($ MILLION)
  • 27. CANADA GASTROINTESTINAL STENT MARKET SIZE, 2021-2028 ($ MILLION)
  • 28. UK GASTROINTESTINAL STENT MARKET SIZE, 2021-2028 ($ MILLION)
  • 29. FRANCE GASTROINTESTINAL STENT MARKET SIZE, 2021-2028 ($ MILLION)
  • 30. GERMANY GASTROINTESTINAL STENT MARKET SIZE, 2021-2028 ($ MILLION)
  • 31. ITALY GASTROINTESTINAL STENT MARKET SIZE, 2021-2028 ($ MILLION)
  • 32. SPAIN GASTROINTESTINAL STENT MARKET SIZE, 2021-2028 ($ MILLION)
  • 33. REST OF EUROPE GASTROINTESTINAL STENT MARKET SIZE, 2021-2028 ($ MILLION)
  • 34. INDIA GASTROINTESTINAL STENT MARKET SIZE, 2021-2028 ($ MILLION)
  • 35. CHINA GASTROINTESTINAL STENT MARKET SIZE, 2021-2028 ($ MILLION)
  • 36. JAPAN GASTROINTESTINAL STENT MARKET SIZE, 2021-2028 ($ MILLION)
  • 37. SOUTH KOREA GASTROINTESTINAL STENT MARKET SIZE, 2021-2028 ($ MILLION)
  • 38. REST OF ASIA-PACIFIC GASTROINTESTINAL STENT MARKET SIZE, 2021-2028 ($ MILLION)
  • 39. REST OF THE WORLD GASTROINTESTINAL STENT MARKET SIZE, 2021-2028 ($ MILLION)