查看购物车
  • Traditional Chinese
  • English
  • Japanese
  • Korean
封面
市场调查报告书
商品编码
1823792

工业热交换器市场：全球产业分析、规模、份额、成长、趋势与预测，2025-2032

Industrial Heat Exchangers Market: Global Industry Analysis, Size, Share, Growth, Trends, and Forecast, 2025 - 2032
出版日期: | 出版商: Persistence Market Research | 英文 165 Pages | 商品交期: 2-5个工作天内

价格
简介目录

Persistence Market Research 最近发布了一份关于全球工业热交换器市场的综合报告。该报告全面评估了关键市场动态，包括市场驱动因素、趋势、机会和挑战，并深入分析了市场结构。报告包含独家数据和统计数据，概述了 2025 年至 2032 年全球工业热交换器市场的预测成长轨迹。

关键见解

  • 工业热交换器市场规模（2025年预测）：203亿美元
  • 预计市场价值（2032年）：276亿美元
  • 全球市场成长率（2025-2032年复合年增长率）：4.5%

工业热交换器市场-报告内容：

工业热交换器在各行各业都发挥着至关重要的作用，包括化学加工、发电、石油和天然气、食品和饮料以及暖通空调系统。这些设备促进两种或多种流体之间的高效热交换，从而优化能源利用并提高运作效率。工业化程度的提高、对节能解决方案日益增长的需求，以及促进热回收和废热利用的严格环境法规，共同推动工业热交换器市场的发展。耐腐蚀合金和紧凑型热交换器等先进材料的采用，进一步推动了市场扩张。

市场成长动力：

全球工业热交换器市场受多个关键因素驱动，包括各行各业对能源效率和永续性的日益重视。工业基础设施投资的不断增加，尤其是在新兴国家，正在推动发电厂、石化设施和暖通空调 (HVAC) 应用对热交换器的需求。紧凑型高效能热交换器等技术进步有助于提高传热性能并降低营运成本。此外，包括地热和废热回收解决方案在内的可再生能源系统的日益普及，也进一步推动了市场的成长。

市场限制：

儘管成长前景光明，工业热交换器市场仍面临许多挑战，例如高昂的初始成本、复杂的维护要求以及极端操作条件下的材料限制。在石油天然气和化学加工等行业中，热交换器需要能够承受腐蚀和高温环境的坚固材料，这增加了生产成本。此外，原材料价格波动和监管合规标准的变化也给製造商带来了财务压力，影响了整体市场的扩张。

市场机会：

在技​​术创新、产业多元化和永续能源发展的推动下，工业热交换器市场蕴藏着巨大的成长机会。新一代热交换器拥有更强的传热能力、更少的结垢和智慧监控系统，其发展正在彻底改变市场动态。物联网预测性维护解决方案的整合实现了即时监控，提高了营运效率并最大限度地减少了停机时间。此外，模组化和紧凑型热交换器设计的采用正在扩大其在小型工业设备中的应用，有助于提升市场渗透率。

本报告探讨的关键问题

  • 推动全球工业热交换器市场成长的关键因素有哪些？
  • 哪些热交换器类型和应用在各行业中需求量最大？
  • 技术进步如何影响工业热交换器市场的竞争格局？
  • 谁是服务市场的主要企业？他们采用什么策略来保持竞争力？
  • 全球工业热交换器市场有哪些新兴趋势与前景？

目录

第一章执行摘要

第二章 市场概况

  • 市场范围和定义
  • 市场动态
    • 驱动程式
    • 抑制因素
    • 机会
    • 任务
    • 主要趋势
  • 产品生命週期分析
  • 工业热交换器市场：价值链
    • 主要应用供应商名单
    • 製造商列表
    • 经销商名单
    • 最终用途清单
    • 盈利分析
  • 预测因子－相关性和影响力
  • COVID-19影响评估
  • PESTLE分析
  • 波特五力分析
  • 地缘政治紧张局势：市场影响
  • 监管和应用前景

第三章宏观经济因素

  • 全球产业展望
  • 全球GDP成长展望
  • 全球母市场概览

第四章 2019-2032年价格趋势分析

  • 主要亮点
  • 影响产品价格的关键因素
  • 按产品类型/应用程式/最终用途定价
  • 区域价格和产品偏好

第五章全球工业热交换器市场展望

  • 主要亮点
    • 市场规模及年成长率
    • 绝对的商机
  • 市场规模及数量分析与预测
    • 2019-2024年历史市场规模分析
    • 目前市场规模预测，2025-2032
  • 全球工业热交换器市场展望：类型
    • 引言/主要发现
    • 2019 年至 2024 年按产品类型分類的历史市场规模与分析
    • 2025-2032 年各产品类型当前市场容量及预测
      • 板框式热交换器
      • 管壳式热交换器
      • 风冷热交换器
  • 市场吸引力分析：产品类型
  • 全球工业热交换器市场展望：材料
    • 引言/主要发现
    • 2019 年至 2024 年按材料分類的历史市场规模与分析
    • 2025-2032 年按材料分類的当前市场容量和预测
      • 金属
      • 合金
  • 市场吸引力分析：材料
  • 全球工业热交换器市场展望：最终用途
    • 引言/主要发现
    • 2019 年至 2024 年按最终用途分類的历史市场规模与分析
    • 2025-2032 年按最终用途分類的当前市场容量和预测
      • 石油和天然气
      • 暖通空调和製冷
      • 化工和石化
  • 市场吸引力分析：最终用途

6. 全球工业热交换器市场（按地区）展望

  • 主要亮点
  • 2019 年至 2024 年各地区历史市场规模及分析
  • 2025 年至 2032 年各地区当前市场容量及预测
    • 北美洲
    • 欧洲
    • 东亚
    • 南亚和大洋洲
    • 拉丁美洲
    • 中东和非洲
  • 市场吸引力分析：地区

第七章：北美工业热交换器市场展望

8. 欧洲工业热交换器市场展望

第九章东亚工业热交换器市场展望

第 10 章：南亚和大洋洲工业热交换器市场展望

第 11 章：拉丁美洲工业热交换器市场展望

12.中东和非洲工业热交换器市场展望

第十三章竞争格局

  • 2024年市占率分析
  • 市场结构
    • 市场竞争加剧图
    • 竞争对手仪表板
    • 表观产能
  • 公司简介（详情 - 概述、财务状况、策略、最新发展）
    • Alfa Laval
    • Danfoss
    • Kelvion Holding GmbH
    • Guntner Group GmbH
    • Xylem Inc.
    • API Heat Transfer
    • Mersen
    • Hisaka Works, Ltd.
    • Chart Industries, Inc
    • Johnson Controls International

注意：公司名单并不详尽，在我们的研究过程中可能会增加更多公司。

第十四章 附录

  • 调查方法
  • 调查前提
  • 首字母缩写和简称
简介目录
Product Code: PMRREP30875

Persistence Market Research has recently released a comprehensive report on the worldwide market for industrial heat exchangers. The report offers a thorough assessment of crucial market dynamics, including drivers, trends, opportunities, and challenges, providing detailed insights into the market structure. This research publication presents exclusive data and statistics outlining the anticipated growth trajectory of the global industrial heat exchangers market from 2025 to 2032.

Key Insights:

  • Industrial Heat Exchangers Market Size (2025E): USD 20.3 Billion
  • Projected Market Value (2032F): USD 27.6 Billion
  • Global Market Growth Rate (CAGR 2025 to 2032): 4.5%

Industrial Heat Exchangers Market - Report Scope:

Industrial heat exchangers play a crucial role in various industries, including chemical processing, power generation, oil and gas, food and beverage, and HVAC systems. These devices facilitate efficient heat transfer between two or more fluids, optimizing energy usage and enhancing operational efficiency. The market is driven by increasing industrialization, the rising demand for energy-efficient solutions, and stringent environmental regulations promoting heat recovery and waste heat utilization. The adoption of advanced materials, such as corrosion-resistant alloys and compact heat exchangers, is further boosting market expansion.

Market Growth Drivers:

The global industrial heat exchangers market is propelled by several key factors, including the growing emphasis on energy efficiency and sustainability across industries. Rising investments in industrial infrastructure, particularly in emerging economies, are driving the demand for heat exchangers in power plants, petrochemical facilities, and HVAC applications. Technological advancements, such as the development of compact and high-efficiency heat exchangers, contribute to improved heat transfer performance and reduced operational costs. Additionally, the increasing adoption of renewable energy systems, including geothermal and waste heat recovery solutions, is further stimulating market growth.

Market Restraints:

Despite promising growth prospects, the industrial heat exchangers market faces challenges related to high initial costs, complex maintenance requirements, and material limitations in extreme operating conditions. The use of heat exchangers in industries such as oil and gas and chemical processing necessitates robust materials that can withstand corrosive and high-temperature environments, increasing production costs. Additionally, fluctuations in raw material prices and regulatory compliance standards impose financial burdens on manufacturers, impacting overall market expansion.

Market Opportunities:

The industrial heat exchangers market presents significant growth opportunities driven by technological innovations, industry diversification, and sustainable energy initiatives. The development of next-generation heat exchangers with enhanced heat transfer capabilities, reduced fouling, and smart monitoring systems is revolutionizing market dynamics. The integration of IoT-enabled predictive maintenance solutions allows for real-time monitoring, improving operational efficiency and minimizing downtime. Additionally, the adoption of modular and compact heat exchanger designs is expanding applications in smaller industrial setups, contributing to wider market penetration.

Key Questions Answered in the Report:

  • What are the primary factors driving the growth of the industrial heat exchangers market globally?
  • Which heat exchanger types and applications are witnessing the highest demand across industries?
  • How are technological advancements shaping the competitive landscape of the industrial heat exchangers market?
  • Who are the key players contributing to the market, and what strategies are they employing to maintain their competitive edge?
  • What are the emerging trends and future prospects in the global industrial heat exchangers market?

Competitive Intelligence and Business Strategy:

Leading players in the global industrial heat exchangers market, including Alfa Laval AB, Kelvion Holding GmbH, Danfoss, Xylem Inc., and API Heat Transfer, focus on innovation, product differentiation, and strategic partnerships to gain a competitive edge. These companies invest in R&D to develop advanced heat exchanger solutions, including plate heat exchangers, shell and tube heat exchangers, and air-cooled exchangers, catering to diverse industrial needs. Collaborations with energy firms, chemical manufacturers, and regulatory bodies facilitate market access and promote technology adoption. Moreover, emphasis on sustainable heat exchange solutions, regulatory compliance, and digital integration fosters market growth and enhances efficiency in industrial processes.

Key Companies Profiled:

  • Alfa Laval AB
  • Kelvion Holding GmbH
  • Danfoss
  • Xylem Inc.
  • API Heat Transfer
  • Hisaka Works Ltd.
  • SPX Corporation
  • HRS Heat Exchangers
  • SWEP International AB
  • Thermowave GmbH

Industrial Heat Exchangers Market Segmentation

By Product

  • Plate & Frame Heat Exchanger
  • Shell & Tube Heat Exchanger
  • Air-Cooled Heat Exchanger

By Material

  • Metals
  • Alloys

By End Use

  • Oil & Gas
  • HVAC & Refrigeration
  • Chemical & Petrochemical

By Region

  • North America
  • Latin America
  • Europe
  • South Asia & Oceania
  • East Asia
  • The Middle East & Africa

Table of Contents

1. Executive Summary

  • 1.1. Global Industrial Heat Exchangers Market Snapshot, 2025 and 2032
  • 1.2. Market Opportunity Assessment, 2025-2032, US$ Bn
  • 1.3. Key Market Trends
  • 1.4. Future Market Projections
  • 1.5. Premium Market Insights
  • 1.6. Industry Developments and Key Market Events
  • 1.7. PMR Analysis and Recommendations

2. Market Overview

  • 2.1. Market Scope and Definition
  • 2.2. Market Dynamics
    • 2.2.1. Drivers
    • 2.2.2. Restraints
    • 2.2.3. Opportunities
    • 2.2.4. Challenges
    • 2.2.5. Key Trends
  • 2.3. Product Lifecycle Analysis
  • 2.4. Industrial Heat Exchangers Market: Value Chain
    • 2.4.1. List of Raw Application Suppliers
    • 2.4.2. List of Manufacturers
    • 2.4.3. List of Distributors
    • 2.4.4. List of End Uses
    • 2.4.5. Profitability Analysis
  • 2.5. Forecast Factors - Relevance and Impact
  • 2.6. Covid-19 Impact Assessment
  • 2.7. PESTLE Analysis
  • 2.8. Porter's Five Forces Analysis
  • 2.9. Geopolitical Tensions: Market Impact
  • 2.10. Regulatory and Application Landscape

3. Macro-Economic Factors

  • 3.1. Global Sectorial Outlook
  • 3.2. Global GDP Growth Outlook
  • 3.3. Global Parent Market Overview

4. Price Trend Analysis, 2019-2032

  • 4.1. Key Highlights
  • 4.2. Key Factors Impacting Product Prices
  • 4.3. Prices By Product Type/Application/End Use
  • 4.4. Regional Prices and Product Preferences

5. Global Industrial Heat Exchangers Market Outlook

  • 5.1. Key Highlights
    • 5.1.1. Market Size and Y-o-Y Growth
    • 5.1.2. Absolute $ Opportunity
  • 5.2. Market Size (US$ Bn) and Volume (Unit) Analysis and Forecast
    • 5.2.1. Historical Market Size Analysis, 2019-2024
    • 5.2.2. Current Market Size Forecast, 2025-2032
  • 5.3. Global Industrial Heat Exchangers Market Outlook: Type
    • 5.3.1. Introduction / Key Findings
    • 5.3.2. Historical Market Size (US$ Bn) and Volume (Unit) Analysis By Product Type, 2019-2024
    • 5.3.3. Current Market Size (US$ Bn) and Volume (Unit) Forecast By Product Type, 2025-2032
      • 5.3.3.1. Plate & Frame Heat Exchanger
      • 5.3.3.2. Shell & Tube Heat Exchanger
      • 5.3.3.3. Air-Cooled Heat Exchanger
  • 5.4. Market Attractiveness Analysis: Product Type
  • 5.5. Global Industrial Heat Exchangers Market Outlook: Application
    • 5.5.1. Introduction / Key Findings
    • 5.5.2. Historical Market Size (US$ Bn) and Volume (Unit) Analysis By Material, 2019-2024
    • 5.5.3. Current Market Size (US$ Bn) and Volume (Unit) Forecast By Material, 2025-2032
      • 5.5.3.1. Metals
      • 5.5.3.2. Alloys
  • 5.6. Market Attractiveness Analysis: Application
  • 5.7. Global Industrial Heat Exchangers Market Outlook: End Use
    • 5.7.1. Introduction / Key Findings
    • 5.7.2. Historical Market Size (US$ Bn) and Volume (Unit) Analysis By End Use, 2019-2024
    • 5.7.3. Current Market Size (US$ Bn) and Volume (Unit) Forecast By End Use, 2025-2032
      • 5.7.3.1. Oil & Gas
      • 5.7.3.2. HVAC & Refrigeration
      • 5.7.3.3. Chemical & Petrochemical
  • 5.8. Market Attractiveness Analysis: End Use

6. Global Industrial Heat Exchangers Market Outlook: Region

  • 6.1. Key Highlights
  • 6.2. Historical Market Size (US$ Bn) and Volume (Unit) Analysis By Region, 2019-2024
  • 6.3. Current Market Size (US$ Bn) and Volume (Unit) Forecast By Region, 2025-2032
    • 6.3.1. North America
    • 6.3.2. Europe
    • 6.3.3. East Asia
    • 6.3.4. South Asia and Oceania
    • 6.3.5. Latin America
    • 6.3.6. Middle East & Africa
  • 6.4. Market Attractiveness Analysis: Region

7. North America Industrial Heat Exchangers Market Outlook

  • 7.1. Key Highlights
  • 7.2. Pricing Analysis
  • 7.3. Historical Market Size (US$ Bn) and Volume (Unit) Analysis By Market, 2019-2024
    • 7.3.1. By Country
    • 7.3.2. By Product Type
    • 7.3.3. By Material
    • 7.3.4. By End Use
  • 7.4. Current Market Size (US$ Bn) and Volume (Unit) Forecast By Country, 2025-2032
    • 7.4.1. U.S.
    • 7.4.2. Canada
  • 7.5. Current Market Size (US$ Bn) and Volume (Unit) Forecast By Product Type, 2025-2032
    • 7.5.1. Plate & Frame Heat Exchanger
    • 7.5.2. Shell & Tube Heat Exchanger
    • 7.5.3. Air-Cooled Heat Exchanger
  • 7.6. Current Market Size (US$ Bn) and Volume (Unit) Forecast By Material, 2025-2032
    • 7.6.1. Metals
    • 7.6.2. Alloys
  • 7.7. Current Market Size (US$ Bn) and Volume (Unit) Forecast By End Use, 2025-2032
    • 7.7.1. Oil & Gas
    • 7.7.2. HVAC & Refrigeration
    • 7.7.3. Chemical & Petrochemical
  • 7.8. Market Attractiveness Analysis

8. Europe Industrial Heat Exchangers Market Outlook

  • 8.1. Key Highlights
  • 8.2. Pricing Analysis
  • 8.3. Historical Market Size (US$ Bn) and Volume (Unit) Analysis By Market, 2019-2024
    • 8.3.1. By Country
    • 8.3.2. By Product Type
    • 8.3.3. By Material
    • 8.3.4. By End Use
  • 8.4. Current Market Size (US$ Bn) and Volume (Unit) Forecast By Product Type, 2025-2032
    • 8.4.1. Plate & Frame Heat Exchanger
    • 8.4.2. Shell & Tube Heat Exchanger
    • 8.4.3. Air-Cooled Heat Exchanger
  • 8.5. Current Market Size (US$ Bn) and Volume (Unit) Forecast By Material, 2025-2032
    • 8.5.1. Metals
    • 8.5.2. Alloys
  • 8.6. Current Market Size (US$ Bn) and Volume (Unit) Forecast By End Use, 2025-2032
    • 8.6.1. Oil & Gas
    • 8.6.2. HVAC & Refrigeration
    • 8.6.3. Chemical & Petrochemical
  • 8.7. Market Attractiveness Analysis

9. East Asia Industrial Heat Exchangers Market Outlook

  • 9.1. Key Highlights
  • 9.2. Pricing Analysis
  • 9.3. Historical Market Size (US$ Bn) and Volume (Unit) Analysis By Market, 2019-2024
    • 9.3.1. By Country
    • 9.3.2. By Product Type
    • 9.3.3. By Material
    • 9.3.4. By End Use
  • 9.4. Current Market Size (US$ Bn) and Volume (Unit) Forecast By Country, 2025-2032
    • 9.4.1. China
    • 9.4.2. Japan
    • 9.4.3. South Korea
  • 9.5. Current Market Size (US$ Bn) and Volume (Unit) Forecast By Product Type, 2025-2032
    • 9.5.1. Plate & Frame Heat Exchanger
    • 9.5.2. Shell & Tube Heat Exchanger
    • 9.5.3. Air-Cooled Heat Exchanger
  • 9.6. Current Market Size (US$ Bn) and Volume (Unit) Forecast By Material, 2025-2032
    • 9.6.1. Metals
    • 9.6.2. Alloys
  • 9.7. Current Market Size (US$ Bn) and Volume (Unit) Forecast By End Use, 2025-2032
    • 9.7.1. Oil & Gas
    • 9.7.2. HVAC & Refrigeration
    • 9.7.3. Chemical & Petrochemical
  • 9.8. Market Attractiveness Analysis

10. South Asia & Oceania Industrial Heat Exchangers Market Outlook

  • 10.1. Key Highlights
  • 10.2. Pricing Analysis
  • 10.3. Historical Market Size (US$ Bn) and Volume (Unit) Analysis By Market, 2019-2024
    • 10.3.1. By Country
    • 10.3.2. By Product Type
    • 10.3.3. By Material
    • 10.3.4. By End Use
  • 10.4. Current Market Size (US$ Bn) and Volume (Unit) Forecast By Country, 2025-2032
    • 10.4.1. India
    • 10.4.2. Southeast Asia
    • 10.4.3. ANZ
    • 10.4.4. Rest of South Asia & Oceania
  • 10.5. Current Market Size (US$ Bn) and Volume (Unit) Forecast By Product Type, 2025-2032
    • 10.5.1. Plate & Frame Heat Exchanger
    • 10.5.2. Shell & Tube Heat Exchanger
    • 10.5.3. Air-Cooled Heat Exchanger
  • 10.6. Current Market Size (US$ Bn) and Volume (Unit) Forecast By Material, 2025-2032
    • 10.6.1. Metals
    • 10.6.2. Alloys
  • 10.7. Current Market Size (US$ Bn) and Volume (Unit) Forecast By End Use, 2025-2032
    • 10.7.1. Oil & Gas
    • 10.7.2. HVAC & Refrigeration
    • 10.7.3. Chemical & Petrochemical
  • 10.8. Market Attractiveness Analysis

11. Latin America Industrial Heat Exchangers Market Outlook

  • 11.1. Key Highlights
  • 11.2. Pricing Analysis
  • 11.3. Historical Market Size (US$ Bn) and Volume (Unit) Analysis By Market, 2019-2024
    • 11.3.1. By Country
    • 11.3.2. By Product Type
    • 11.3.3. By Material
    • 11.3.4. By End Use
  • 11.4. Current Market Size (US$ Bn) and Volume (Unit) Forecast By Country, 2025-2032
    • 11.4.1. Brazil
    • 11.4.2. Mexico
    • 11.4.3. Rest of Latin America
  • 11.5. Current Market Size (US$ Bn) and Volume (Unit) Forecast By Product Type, 2025-2032
    • 11.5.1. Plate & Frame Heat Exchanger
    • 11.5.2. Shell & Tube Heat Exchanger
    • 11.5.3. Air-Cooled Heat Exchanger
  • 11.6. Current Market Size (US$ Bn) and Volume (Unit) Forecast By Material, 2025-2032
    • 11.6.1. Metals
    • 11.6.2. Alloys
  • 11.7. Current Market Size (US$ Bn) and Volume (Unit) Forecast By End Use, 2025-2032
    • 11.7.1. Oil & Gas
    • 11.7.2. HVAC & Refrigeration
    • 11.7.3. Chemical & Petrochemical
  • 11.8. Market Attractiveness Analysis

12. Middle East & Africa Industrial Heat Exchangers Market Outlook

  • 12.1. Key Highlights
  • 12.2. Pricing Analysis
  • 12.3. Historical Market Size (US$ Bn) and Volume (Unit) Analysis By Market, 2019-2024
    • 12.3.1. By Country
    • 12.3.2. By Product Type
    • 12.3.3. By Material
    • 12.3.4. By End Use
  • 12.4. Current Market Size (US$ Bn) and Volume (Unit) Forecast By Country, 2025-2032
    • 12.4.1. GCC
    • 12.4.2. Egypt
    • 12.4.3. South Africa
    • 12.4.4. Northern Africa
    • 12.4.5. Rest of Middle East & Africa
  • 12.5. Current Market Size (US$ Bn) and Volume (Unit) Forecast By Product Type, 2025-2032
    • 12.5.1. Plate & Frame Heat Exchanger
    • 12.5.2. Shell & Tube Heat Exchanger
    • 12.5.3. Air-Cooled Heat Exchanger
  • 12.6. Current Market Size (US$ Bn) and Volume (Unit) Forecast By Material, 2025-2032
    • 12.6.1. Metals
    • 12.6.2. Alloys
  • 12.7. Current Market Size (US$ Bn) and Volume (Unit) Forecast By End Use, 2025-2032
    • 12.7.1. Oil & Gas
    • 12.7.2. HVAC & Refrigeration
    • 12.7.3. Chemical & Petrochemical
  • 12.8. Market Attractiveness Analysis

13. Competition Landscape

  • 13.1. Market Share Analysis, 2024
  • 13.2. Market Structure
    • 13.2.1. Competition Intensity Mapping By Market
    • 13.2.2. Competition Dashboard
    • 13.2.3. Apparent Production Capacity
  • 13.3. Company Profiles (Details - Overview, Financials, Strategy, Recent Developments)
    • 13.3.1. Alfa Laval
      • 13.3.1.1. Overview
      • 13.3.1.2. Segments and Products
      • 13.3.1.3. Key Financials
      • 13.3.1.4. Market Developments
      • 13.3.1.5. Market Strategy
    • 13.3.2. Danfoss
    • 13.3.3. Kelvion Holding GmbH
    • 13.3.4. Guntner Group GmbH
    • 13.3.5. Xylem Inc.
    • 13.3.6. API Heat Transfer
    • 13.3.7. Mersen
    • 13.3.8. Hisaka Works, Ltd.
    • 13.3.9. Chart Industries, Inc
    • 13.3.10. Johnson Controls International

Note: List of companies is not exhaustive in nature. It is subject to further augmentation during course of research

14. Appendix

  • 14.1. Research Methodology
  • 14.2. Research Assumptions
  • 14.3. Acronyms and Abbreviations