封面
市场调查报告书
商品编码
1503414

到 2030 年汽车聚碳酸酯嵌装玻璃市场预测:按产品类型、车辆类型、技术、应用、最终用户和地区进行的全球分析

Automotive Polycarbonate Glazing Market Forecasts to 2030 - Global Analysis By Product Type (Clear Glazing, Tinted Glazing, Coated Glazing and Other Product Types), Vehicle Type, Technology, Application, End User and By Geography

出版日期: | 出版商: Stratistics Market Research Consulting | 英文 200+ Pages | 商品交期: 2-3个工作天内

价格

根据 Stratistics MRC 的数据,2024 年全球汽车聚碳酸酯嵌装玻璃市场规模将达到 14 亿美元,预计到 2030 年将达到 35 亿美元,预测期内复合年增长率为 13.9%。

汽车聚碳酸酯嵌装玻璃是指使用聚碳酸酯材料製造汽车车窗和挡风玻璃。聚碳酸酯是一种耐用、轻质、透明的热塑性塑料,以其抗衝击性和光学透明度而闻名。在汽车应用中,聚碳酸酯嵌装玻璃比传统玻璃具有优势,包括重量更轻、燃油经济性更好,并且透过承受衝击而不破碎来提高安全性。

最近的研究表明,减轻汽车重量可以显着提高燃油效率。根据 EPA 的数据,车辆重量减轻 100 磅,燃油经济性可提高 1% 至 2%。

省油车的需求不断增加

市场对省油车的需求迅速增长,推动了聚碳酸酯等轻质材料的采用。随着消费者越来越重视燃油效率和环境永续性,汽车製造商正在转向聚碳酸酯嵌装玻璃,以使车辆更轻、更有效率。这一趋势与排放法规的收紧以及对环保运输解决方案的日益偏好相一致。因此,人们明显转向使用聚碳酸酯嵌装玻璃的省油车。

膨胀和收缩比玻璃快

聚碳酸酯嵌装玻璃市场在材料的灵活性方面也经历了类似的波动。对轻质材料的需求、更严格的法规以及汽车设计的进步将推动其快速成长。但由于监管压力和经济不确定性,它正在萎缩。面临的挑战是应对这些变化,平衡创新与合规性,并满足消费者对安全和美观的需求。随着汽车製造和消费者偏好的动态变化,适应性对于确保弹性至关重要。

对舒适室内空间的需求不断增加

由于消费者对舒适的室内空间越来越偏好,市场需求大幅成长。这一趋势支持人们越来越关注透过改进人体工学和更多空间来改善整体驾驶体验。随着消费者要求汽车更加舒适和便利,製造商正在透过采用聚碳酸酯嵌装玻璃解决方案来应对,这些解决方案既耐用又美观,同时优化了内部空间的使用。

容易刮伤

聚碳酸酯具有许多优点,包括重量轻和耐衝击,但它容易被刮伤,其光学透明度会随着时间的推移而降低。为了缓解这个问题,聚碳酸酯製造商不断创新,采用涂层和处理方法来提高耐刮擦性,同时保持其他所需的性能。应对这项挑战对于聚碳酸酯嵌装玻璃在汽车产业的持续采用和成功至关重要。

COVID-19 的影响:

COVID-19 的疫情对汽车聚碳酸酯嵌装玻璃市场产生了重大影响。供应链中断、工厂关闭和消费者支出减少阻碍了生产和需求。然而,随着法规的放鬆,汽车对安全性和轻质材料的日益重视导致汽车逐渐復苏。此外,向电动车的转变以及提高耐用性和性能的聚碳酸酯技术的进步提供了成长机会。

预计彩色嵌装玻璃领域将在预测期内成为最大的领域

由于其美学吸引力和功能优势,彩色嵌装玻璃预计在预测期内将获得最大需求。这种类型的嵌装玻璃不仅可以改善汽车的外观,还可以防止紫外线、减少眩光并提高车内舒适度。由于消费者对客製化选项的需求不断增加以及着色技术的进步,着色聚碳酸酯嵌装玻璃预计将在汽车行业中显着增长。

预计汽车业在预测期内复合年增长率最高

预计汽车业在预测期内复合年增长率最高。与传统玻璃相比,这种轻质、耐用的材料具有卓越的抗衝击性,提高了车辆安全性,同时减轻了整体重量并提高了燃油效率。由于製造技术的进步,汽车聚碳酸酯嵌装玻璃正在彻底改变该行业,为汽车製造商和消费者提供面向未来汽车设计和性能的有吸引力的解决方案。

比最大的地区

预计北美在预测期内将占据最大的市场占有率。随着排放气体和安全法规变得更加严格,製造商开始转向聚碳酸酯嵌装玻璃,因为它具有卓越的强度重量比和设计灵活性。主要企业正在投资研发以创新新产品,以满足市场对轻量耐用汽车嵌装玻璃解决方案的持续需求。

复合年增长率最高的地区:

由于电动车的日益普及,预计亚太地区在预测期内将维持最高的复合年增长率。电动车製造商对轻质材料特别感兴趣,以最大限度地扩大续航里程,而聚碳酸酯是车窗和其他嵌装玻璃部件的首选材料。聚碳酸酯製造技术的进步提高了其光学透明度、耐刮擦性和耐用性,使其成为汽车嵌装玻璃更可行的选择。

免费客製化服务

订阅此报告的客户可以存取以下免费自订选项之一:

  • 公司简介
    • 其他市场参与者的综合分析(最多 3 家公司)
    • 主要企业SWOT分析(最多3家企业)
  • 区域分割
    • 根据客户兴趣对主要国家的市场估计、预测和复合年增长率(註:基于可行性检查)
  • 竞争基准化分析
    • 根据产品系列、地理分布和策略联盟对主要企业基准化分析

目录

第一章执行摘要

第二章 前言

  • 概述
  • 相关利益者
  • 调查范围
  • 调查方法
    • 资料探勘
    • 资料分析
    • 资料检验
    • 研究途径
  • 研究资讯来源
    • 主要研究资讯来源
    • 二次研究资讯来源
    • 先决条件

第三章市场趋势分析

  • 促进因素
  • 抑制因素
  • 机会
  • 威胁
  • 产品分析
  • 技术分析
  • 应用分析
  • 最终用户分析
  • 新兴市场
  • COVID-19 的影响

第4章波特五力分析

  • 供应商的议价能力
  • 买方议价能力
  • 替代品的威胁
  • 新进入者的威胁
  • 竞争公司之间的敌对关係

第五章全球汽车聚碳酸酯嵌装玻璃市场:依产品类型

  • 透明嵌装玻璃
  • 着色嵌装玻璃
  • 涂层嵌装玻璃
  • 其他产品类型

第六章全球汽车聚碳酸酯嵌装玻璃市场:依车型分类

  • 客车
  • 商用车
  • 试车

第七章全球汽车聚碳酸酯嵌装玻璃市场:依技术分类

  • 射出成型
  • 热成型
  • 太阳能控制嵌装玻璃
  • 可切换嵌装玻璃
  • 疏水性嵌装玻璃
  • 其他技术

第八章全球汽车聚碳酸酯嵌装玻璃市场:依应用分类

  • 挡风玻璃
  • 侧窗
  • 后窗
  • 天窗
  • 其他用途

第九章全球汽车聚碳酸酯嵌装玻璃市场:依最终用户分类

  • 军事和国防
  • 建造
  • 特种车辆
  • 其他最终用户

第十章全球汽车聚碳酸酯嵌装玻璃市场:按地区

  • 北美洲
    • 美国
    • 加拿大
    • 墨西哥
  • 欧洲
    • 德国
    • 英国
    • 义大利
    • 法国
    • 西班牙
    • 其他欧洲国家
  • 亚太地区
    • 日本
    • 中国
    • 印度
    • 澳洲
    • 纽西兰
    • 韩国
    • 其他亚太地区
  • 南美洲
    • 阿根廷
    • 巴西
    • 智利
    • 南美洲其他地区
  • 中东/非洲
    • 沙乌地阿拉伯
    • 阿拉伯聯合大公国
    • 卡达
    • 南非
    • 其他中东和非洲

第十一章 主要进展

  • 合约、伙伴关係、协作和合资企业
  • 收购和合併
  • 新产品发布
  • 业务扩展
  • 其他关键策略

第十二章 公司概况

  • Covestro AG
  • SABIC
  • Teijin Limited
  • Mitsubishi Chemical Corporation
  • Trinseo
  • Chi Mei Corporation
  • Idemitsu Kosan Co., Ltd.
  • Sumitomo Chemical Co., Ltd.
  • LG Chem
  • Evonik Industries AG
  • Arkema SA
  • Asahi Glass Co., Ltd.
  • Nippon Sheet Glass Co., Ltd.
  • Saint-Gobain
  • Gentex Corporation
  • Magna International Inc.
  • Continental AG
  • Denso Corporation
  • Valeo SA
Product Code: SMRC26582

According to Stratistics MRC, the Global Automotive Polycarbonate Glazing Market is accounted for $1.4 billion in 2024 and is expected to reach $3.5 billion by 2030 growing at a CAGR of 13.9% during the forecast period. Automotive polycarbonate glazing refers to the use of polycarbonate material in vehicle windows and windshields. Polycarbonate is a durable, lightweight, and transparent thermoplastic known for its impact resistance and optical clarity. In automotive applications, polycarbonate glazing offers advantages over traditional glass, including reduced weight, improved fuel efficiency, and increased safety due to its ability to withstand impact without shattering.

According to a recent study, the reduction in vehicle weight significantly increases fuel efficiency. As per EPA, a reduction of 100 pounds of vehicle weight increases fuel economy by 1% to 2%.

Market Dynamics:

Driver:

Rising demand for fuel-efficient vehicles

The market is witnessing a surge in demand for fuel-efficient vehicles, driving the adoption of lightweight materials like polycarbonate. As consumers increasingly prioritize fuel economy and environmental sustainability, automakers are turning to polycarbonate glazing to reduce vehicle weight and improve efficiency. This trend aligns with stricter emissions regulations and the growing preference for eco-friendly transportation solutions. Consequently, the market is experiencing a notable shift towards fuel-efficient vehicles with polycarbonate glazing solutions.

Restraint:

Expands and contracts more than glass

The market experiences fluctuations akin to the flexibility of its material. Its growth expands rapidly, driven by demand for lightweight materials, stringent regulations, and advancements in automotive design. However, it contracts under regulatory pressures and economic uncertainties. The challenge lies in navigating these shifts, balancing innovation with compliance, and addressing consumer demands for safety and aesthetics. Adaptability becomes crucial, ensuring resilience amidst the dynamic landscape of automotive manufacturing and consumer preferences.

Opportunity:

Rise in demand for comfortable cabin space

The market is experiencing a notable surge in demand driven by the increasing preference for comfortable cabin space among consumers. This trend underscores a growing emphasis on enhancing the overall driving experience through improved ergonomics and spaciousness. As consumers seek greater comfort and convenience in their vehicles, manufacturers are responding by incorporating polycarbonate glazing solutions that offer both durability and aesthetic appeal while optimizing interior space utilization.

Threat:

Highly susceptible to scratches

Despite its numerous advantages, including lightweight and impact resistance, polycarbonate can be prone to scratching, diminishing optical clarity over time. Manufacturers are constantly innovating to mitigate this issue, employing coatings and treatments to enhance scratch resistance while maintaining other desirable properties. Addressing this challenge is crucial to ensuring the continued adoption and success of polycarbonate glazing in the automotive industry.

Covid-19 Impact:

The COVID-19 pandemic significantly impacted the Automotive Polycarbonate Glazing market. Supply chain disruptions, factory closures, and reduced consumer spending hampered production and demand. However, a gradual recovery was observed as restrictions eased, driven by increased emphasis on safety and lightweight materials in automobiles. Additionally, a shift towards electric vehicles and advancements in polycarbonate technology for enhanced durability and performance provided growth opportunities.

The tinted glazing segment is expected to be the largest during the forecast period

The tinted glazing is expected to be the largest during the forecast period due to its aesthetic appeal and functional advantages. This type of glazing not only enhances the vehicle's appearance but also offers protection from UV radiation, glare reduction, and improved interior comfort. With increasing consumer demand for customization options and advancements in tinting technologies, tinted polycarbonate glazing is expected to witness significant growth in the automotive sector.

The automotive segment is expected to have the highest CAGR during the forecast period

The automotive segment is expected to have the highest CAGR during the forecast period. This lightweight, durable material offers superior impact resistance compared to traditional glass, enhancing vehicle safety while reducing overall weight, thereby improving fuel efficiency. With advancements in manufacturing technologies, automotive polycarbonate glazing is poised to revolutionize the sector, offering automakers and consumers alike a compelling solution for the future of automotive design and performance.

Region with largest share:

North America is projected to hold the largest market share during the forecast period driven by advancements in lightweighting technologies and increased focus on fuel efficiency. With stringent regulations regarding emissions and safety, manufacturers are turning to polycarbonate glazing for its superior strength-to-weight ratio and design flexibility. Key players are investing in research and development to innovate new products, anticipating sustained market demand for lightweight and durable automotive glazing solutions.

Region with highest CAGR:

Asia Pacific is projected to hold the highest CAGR over the forecast period due to the increasing popularity of electric vehicles. EV manufacturers are particularly interested in lightweight materials to maximize driving range, making polycarbonate a preferred choice for windows and other glazing components. Ongoing advancements in polycarbonate manufacturing technology have improved its optical clarity, scratch resistance, and durability, making it a more viable option for automotive glazing.

Key players in the market

Some of the key players in Automotive Polycarbonate Glazing market include Covestro AG, SABIC, Teijin Limited, Mitsubishi Chemical Corporation, Trinseo, Chi Mei Corporation, Idemitsu Kosan Co., Ltd., Sumitomo Chemical Co., Ltd., LG Chem, Evonik Industries AG, Arkema SA, Asahi Glass Co., Ltd., Nippon Sheet Glass Co., Ltd., Saint-Gobain, Gentex Corporation, Magna International Inc., Continental AG, Denso Corporation and Valeo S.A.

Key Developments:

In May 2024, Asahi India Glass Limited (AIS), and INOX Air Products (INOXAP), India's largest manufacturer of industrial and medical gases, have entered into a 20-year offtake agreement for supply of green H2, to AIS's greenfield float glass facility in Soniyana in Chittorgarh, Rajasthan.

In November 2023, Covestro and HiPhi launched joint laboratory on advanced material solutions for future mobility. The joint lab will mainly focus on the commercialization of low-carbon material solutions in future EV models and the establishment of relevant standards, as well as the development of next-generation smart surface technologies and battery solutions.

Product Types Covered:

  • Clear Glazing
  • Tinted Glazing
  • Coated Glazing
  • Other Product Types

Vehicle Types Covered:

  • Passenger Cars
  • Commercial Vehicles
  • Electric Vehicles

Technologies Covered:

  • Injection Molding
  • Thermoforming
  • Sun Control Glazing
  • Switchable Glazing
  • Hydrophobic Glazing
  • Other Technologies

Applications Covered:

  • Windshields
  • Side Windows
  • Rear Windows
  • Sunroofs
  • Other Applications

End Users Covered:

  • Military and Defense
  • Automotive
  • Construction
  • Specialty Vehicles
  • Other End Users

Regions Covered:

  • North America
    • US
    • Canada
    • Mexico
  • Europe
    • Germany
    • UK
    • Italy
    • France
    • Spain
    • Rest of Europe
  • Asia Pacific
    • Japan
    • China
    • India
    • Australia
    • New Zealand
    • South Korea
    • Rest of Asia Pacific
  • South America
    • Argentina
    • Brazil
    • Chile
    • Rest of South America
  • Middle East & Africa
    • Saudi Arabia
    • UAE
    • Qatar
    • South Africa
    • Rest of Middle East & Africa

What our report offers:

  • Market share assessments for the regional and country-level segments
  • Strategic recommendations for the new entrants
  • Covers Market data for the years 2022, 2023, 2024, 2026, and 2030
  • Market Trends (Drivers, Constraints, Opportunities, Threats, Challenges, Investment Opportunities, and recommendations)
  • Strategic recommendations in key business segments based on the market estimations
  • Competitive landscaping mapping the key common trends
  • Company profiling with detailed strategies, financials, and recent developments
  • Supply chain trends mapping the latest technological advancements

Free Customization Offerings:

All the customers of this report will be entitled to receive one of the following free customization options:

  • Company Profiling
    • Comprehensive profiling of additional market players (up to 3)
    • SWOT Analysis of key players (up to 3)
  • Regional Segmentation
    • Market estimations, Forecasts and CAGR of any prominent country as per the client's interest (Note: Depends on feasibility check)
  • Competitive Benchmarking
    • Benchmarking of key players based on product portfolio, geographical presence, and strategic alliances

Table of Contents

1 Executive Summary

2 Preface

  • 2.1 Abstract
  • 2.2 Stake Holders
  • 2.3 Research Scope
  • 2.4 Research Methodology
    • 2.4.1 Data Mining
    • 2.4.2 Data Analysis
    • 2.4.3 Data Validation
    • 2.4.4 Research Approach
  • 2.5 Research Sources
    • 2.5.1 Primary Research Sources
    • 2.5.2 Secondary Research Sources
    • 2.5.3 Assumptions

3 Market Trend Analysi

  • 3.1 Introduction
  • 3.2 Drivers
  • 3.3 Restraints
  • 3.4 Opportunities
  • 3.5 Threats
  • 3.6 Product Analysis
  • 3.7 Technology Analysis
  • 3.8 Application Analysis
  • 3.9 End User Analysis
  • 3.10 Emerging Markets
  • 3.11 Impact of Covid-19

4 Porters Five Force Analysis

  • 4.1 Bargaining power of suppliers
  • 4.2 Bargaining power of buyers
  • 4.3 Threat of substitutes
  • 4.4 Threat of new entrants
  • 4.5 Competitive rivalry

5 Global Automotive Polycarbonate Glazing Market, By Product Type

  • 5.1 Introduction
  • 5.2 Clear Glazing
  • 5.3 Tinted Glazing
  • 5.4 Coated Glazing
  • 5.5 Other Product Types

6 Global Automotive Polycarbonate Glazing Market, By Vehicle Type

  • 6.1 Introduction
  • 6.2 Passenger Cars
  • 6.3 Commercial Vehicles
  • 6.4 Electric Vehicles

7 Global Automotive Polycarbonate Glazing Market, By Technology

  • 7.1 Introduction
  • 7.2 Injection Molding
  • 7.3 Thermoforming
  • 7.4 Sun Control Glazing
  • 7.5 Switchable Glazing
  • 7.6 Hydrophobic Glazing
  • 7.7 Other Technologies

8 Global Automotive Polycarbonate Glazing Market, By Application

  • 8.1 Introduction
  • 8.2 Windshields
  • 8.3 Side Windows
  • 8.4 Rear Windows
  • 8.5 Sunroofs
  • 8.6 Other Applications

9 Global Automotive Polycarbonate Glazing Market, By End User

  • 9.1 Introduction
  • 9.2 Military and Defense
  • 9.3 Automotive
  • 9.4 Construction
  • 9.5 Specialty Vehicles
  • 9.6 Other End Users

10 Global Automotive Polycarbonate Glazing Market, By Geography

  • 10.1 Introduction
  • 10.2 North America
    • 10.2.1 US
    • 10.2.2 Canada
    • 10.2.3 Mexico
  • 10.3 Europe
    • 10.3.1 Germany
    • 10.3.2 UK
    • 10.3.3 Italy
    • 10.3.4 France
    • 10.3.5 Spain
    • 10.3.6 Rest of Europe
  • 10.4 Asia Pacific
    • 10.4.1 Japan
    • 10.4.2 China
    • 10.4.3 India
    • 10.4.4 Australia
    • 10.4.5 New Zealand
    • 10.4.6 South Korea
    • 10.4.7 Rest of Asia Pacific
  • 10.5 South America
    • 10.5.1 Argentina
    • 10.5.2 Brazil
    • 10.5.3 Chile
    • 10.5.4 Rest of South America
  • 10.6 Middle East & Africa
    • 10.6.1 Saudi Arabia
    • 10.6.2 UAE
    • 10.6.3 Qatar
    • 10.6.4 South Africa
    • 10.6.5 Rest of Middle East & Africa

11 Key Developments

  • 11.1 Agreements, Partnerships, Collaborations and Joint Ventures
  • 11.2 Acquisitions & Mergers
  • 11.3 New Product Launch
  • 11.4 Expansions
  • 11.5 Other Key Strategies

12 Company Profiling

  • 12.1 Covestro AG
  • 12.2 SABIC
  • 12.3 Teijin Limited
  • 12.4 Mitsubishi Chemical Corporation
  • 12.5 Trinseo
  • 12.6 Chi Mei Corporation
  • 12.7 Idemitsu Kosan Co., Ltd.
  • 12.8 Sumitomo Chemical Co., Ltd.
  • 12.9 LG Chem
  • 12.10 Evonik Industries AG
  • 12.11 Arkema SA
  • 12.12 Asahi Glass Co., Ltd.
  • 12.13 Nippon Sheet Glass Co., Ltd.
  • 12.14 Saint-Gobain
  • 12.15 Gentex Corporation
  • 12.16 Magna International Inc.
  • 12.17 Continental AG
  • 12.18 Denso Corporation
  • 12.19 Valeo S.A.

List of Tables

  • Table 1 Global Automotive Polycarbonate Glazing Market Outlook, By Region (2022-2030) ($MN)
  • Table 2 Global Automotive Polycarbonate Glazing Market Outlook, By Product Type (2022-2030) ($MN)
  • Table 3 Global Automotive Polycarbonate Glazing Market Outlook, By Clear Glazing (2022-2030) ($MN)
  • Table 4 Global Automotive Polycarbonate Glazing Market Outlook, By Tinted Glazing (2022-2030) ($MN)
  • Table 5 Global Automotive Polycarbonate Glazing Market Outlook, By Coated Glazing (2022-2030) ($MN)
  • Table 6 Global Automotive Polycarbonate Glazing Market Outlook, By Other Product Types (2022-2030) ($MN)
  • Table 7 Global Automotive Polycarbonate Glazing Market Outlook, By Vehicle Type (2022-2030) ($MN)
  • Table 8 Global Automotive Polycarbonate Glazing Market Outlook, By Passenger Cars (2022-2030) ($MN)
  • Table 9 Global Automotive Polycarbonate Glazing Market Outlook, By Commercial Vehicles (2022-2030) ($MN)
  • Table 10 Global Automotive Polycarbonate Glazing Market Outlook, By Electric Vehicles (2022-2030) ($MN)
  • Table 11 Global Automotive Polycarbonate Glazing Market Outlook, By Technology (2022-2030) ($MN)
  • Table 12 Global Automotive Polycarbonate Glazing Market Outlook, By Injection Molding (2022-2030) ($MN)
  • Table 13 Global Automotive Polycarbonate Glazing Market Outlook, By Thermoforming (2022-2030) ($MN)
  • Table 14 Global Automotive Polycarbonate Glazing Market Outlook, By Sun Control Glazing (2022-2030) ($MN)
  • Table 15 Global Automotive Polycarbonate Glazing Market Outlook, By Switchable Glazing (2022-2030) ($MN)
  • Table 16 Global Automotive Polycarbonate Glazing Market Outlook, By Hydrophobic Glazing (2022-2030) ($MN)
  • Table 17 Global Automotive Polycarbonate Glazing Market Outlook, By Other Technologies (2022-2030) ($MN)
  • Table 18 Global Automotive Polycarbonate Glazing Market Outlook, By Application (2022-2030) ($MN)
  • Table 19 Global Automotive Polycarbonate Glazing Market Outlook, By Windshields (2022-2030) ($MN)
  • Table 20 Global Automotive Polycarbonate Glazing Market Outlook, By Side Windows (2022-2030) ($MN)
  • Table 21 Global Automotive Polycarbonate Glazing Market Outlook, By Rear Windows (2022-2030) ($MN)
  • Table 22 Global Automotive Polycarbonate Glazing Market Outlook, By Sunroofs (2022-2030) ($MN)
  • Table 23 Global Automotive Polycarbonate Glazing Market Outlook, By Other Applications (2022-2030) ($MN)
  • Table 24 Global Automotive Polycarbonate Glazing Market Outlook, By End User (2022-2030) ($MN)
  • Table 25 Global Automotive Polycarbonate Glazing Market Outlook, By Military and Defense (2022-2030) ($MN)
  • Table 26 Global Automotive Polycarbonate Glazing Market Outlook, By Automotive (2022-2030) ($MN)
  • Table 27 Global Automotive Polycarbonate Glazing Market Outlook, By Construction (2022-2030) ($MN)
  • Table 28 Global Automotive Polycarbonate Glazing Market Outlook, By Specialty Vehicles (2022-2030) ($MN)
  • Table 29 Global Automotive Polycarbonate Glazing Market Outlook, By Other End Users (2022-2030) ($MN)

Note: Tables for North America, Europe, APAC, South America, and Middle East & Africa Regions are also represented in the same manner as above.