市场调查报告书
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2030 年氢燃料电池市场预测:按类型、技术、应用、最终用户和地区分析Hydrogen Fuel Cell Market Forecasts to 2030 - Global Analysis By Type (Air-Cooled Type, Water-Cooled Type and Other Types), Technology, Application, End User and by Geography |
根据Stratistics MRC预测,2024年全球氢燃料电池市场规模将达36亿美元,预计2030年将达到64.2亿美元,预测期内复合年增长率为10.1%。
氢燃料电池中使用的电化学过程是一种清洁能源技术,在将氢转化为电能时仅产生热和水蒸气作为废弃物。这些细胞由阻止电子流动但允许质子运动的膜和两个电极组成。当氢气供应到阳极时,产生质子和电子。质子穿过膜到达阴极,在那里与氧气混合形成水,而电子则穿过外部电路发电。
据氢能委员会称,到 2050 年,氢燃料电池可为超过 4 亿辆汽车提供动力。
政府提案和法规
氢燃料电池市场正在政府倡议和法规的推动下向前发展。许多国家为减少温室气体排放而推出的严格法规正在鼓励氢气燃料电池在交通和其他行业的使用。美国通货膨胀控制法案和欧洲类似计画等支持性立法旨在鼓励对氢技术的投资。此外,正在对加氢基础设施进行大量投资,以增强消费者信心并鼓励燃料电池电动车(FCEV)的普及。
基础设施限制
氢燃料电池市场的一个主要障碍是缺乏强大的氢气生产、分配和储存基础设施。为了支援燃料电池电动车(FCEV),需要建立完善的加氢站网络,但目前这些加氢站尚未广泛普及。此外,新进入者市场开拓的一个主要障碍是开发必要的基础设施需要大量投资和多个相关人员之间的协调。如果没有类似的基础设施,氢将很难与成熟的石化燃料产业竞争。
人们对零排放车辆的兴趣日益浓厚
零排放汽车(ZEV)的需求不断增长,这也为氢燃料电池市场带来了重大机会。随着政府排放法规的收紧和环保意识的增强,客户正在寻求更环保的交通途径。汽车产业尤其准备扩张,因为燃料电池电动车 (FCEV) 的开发由丰田、现代和本田等汽车製造商主导。此外,燃料电池电动车 (FCEV) 的环境效益和加油基础设施的改善预计将推动全球 FCEV 市场的显着成长。
与其他永续能源来源的竞争
氢燃料电池是市场上最环保的能源来源之一,但它们并非没有来自风能和太阳能等其他可再生能源的竞争。近年来,这些替代能源能源变得更具成本竞争力,这可能会限制燃料电池在某些应用中的使用。此外,随着太阳能电池板和风力发电机成本的增加,氢燃料电池的相对成本优势可能会下降,从而难以在某些行业中获得市场占有率。
COVID-19 大流行对多个行业造成了干扰,也对氢燃料电池市场产生了重大影响。最初,疫情导致需求波动,特别是在交通运输领域,消费者支出减少和旅行限制推迟了燃料电池电动车(FCEV)的采用。同时,全球供应链中断导致製造燃料电池所需的薄膜和铂催化剂等关键零件短缺。停工和工厂关闭进一步加剧了生产延误和成本,降低了产业投资情绪。然而,在危机期间,随着企业寻求可靠的能源选择,对固定发电等某些行业的兴趣增加。
预计风冷部分在预测期内将是最大的
风冷系统由于其简单性和效率而占据氢燃料电池市场的最大份额。由于不需要复杂的冷却系统,气冷燃料电池重量轻,易于整合到各种应用中,特别是在汽车和可携式电源行业。这种设计的活动部件较少,提高了可靠性并减少了维护需求。此外,空气冷却在重量和空间都至关重要的应用中特别有用,例如燃料电池电动车 (FCEV) 和便携式能源设备。
固体电解质燃料电池领域预计在预测期内复合年增长率最高
在氢燃料电池市场中,固体电解质燃料电池(PEMFC)领域预计将以最高的复合年增长率成长。这种类型的燃料电池以其高效、轻质结构以及在相对较低的温度下工作的能力而闻名。这些属性使其非常适合用于交通运输应用,特别是燃料电池电动车 (FCEV)。此外,随着汽车製造商更加重视製造 FCEV 以满足消费者对零排放汽车和更严格的排放气体法规的需求,PEMFC 市场预计将快速成长。
氢燃料电池的市场占有率在北美最高。强大的工业基础设施、显着的技术发展和支持清洁能源解决方案的严格法规是这一优势背后的主要因素。尤其是美国,是这一环境中的关键参与者,其拥有多元化的工业基础,在汽车、能源生产和固定发电等行业中严重依赖氢燃料电池技术。此外,减少排放气体和遵守环境法规的需求正在推动对氢燃料电池的需求。
在预测期内,氢燃料电池市场的最高复合年增长率将出现在亚太地区。这种快速增长可归因于多种因素,包括人口大幅增长、可支配收入增加以及对减少碳排放的能源解决方案的需求不断增长。此外,氢燃料电池被该地区成长最快、污染最严重的经济体视为满足能源需求并同时解决环境问题的有效途径。
According to Stratistics MRC, the Global Hydrogen Fuel Cell Market is accounted for $3.60 billion in 2024 and is expected to reach $6.42 billion by 2030 growing at a CAGR of 10.1% during the forecast period. The electrochemical process used in hydrogen fuel cells, a clean energy technology, produces only heat and water vapor as waste when hydrogen is converted into electricity. These cells are made up of a membrane that permits proton movement while obstructing electron flow and two electrodes. Protons and electrons are produced when hydrogen is supplied to the anode. While the protons travel through the membrane to the cathode, where they mix with oxygen to form water, the electrons flow through an external circuit to produce electricity.
According to the Hydrogen Council, hydrogen fuel cells have the potential to power over 400 million vehicles by 2050.
Government proposals and rules
The market for hydrogen fuel cells is being driven forward by government initiatives and regulations. The use of hydrogen fuel cells in transportation and other industries is encouraged by the strict regulations that many nations are putting in place to reduce greenhouse gas emissions. Investments in hydrogen technologies are intended to be encouraged by supportive laws like the U.S. Inflation Reduction Act and comparable programs in Europe. Additionally, significant investments in infrastructure for hydrogen refueling are being made to boost consumer confidence and promote the widespread use of fuel cell vehicles (FCEVs).
Limitations of the infrastructure
A major obstacle in the market for hydrogen fuel cells is the absence of a strong infrastructure for the production, distribution, and storage of hydrogen. In order to support fuel cell electric vehicles (FCEVs), a comprehensive network of hydrogen refueling stations must be established; however, at the moment, these stations are not widely available. Furthermore, a major obstacle to entry for new players in the market is the requirement for large investment and coordination amongst multiple stakeholders for the development of the necessary infrastructure. Without comparable infrastructure in place, hydrogen will find it difficult to compete with the well-established fossil fuel industry.
Growing interest in zero-emission automobiles
Zero-emission vehicle (ZEV) demand is growing, which is another important opportunity for the hydrogen fuel cell market. Customers are looking for more environmentally friendly transportation options as government emissions regulations tighten and environmental awareness rises. Fuel cell electric vehicle (FCEV) development is being spearheaded by automakers like Toyota, Hyundai, and Honda, which makes the automotive sector especially well-positioned for expansion. Moreover, the environmental advantages of fuel cell electric vehicles (FCEVs) and the increasing accessibility of refueling infrastructure are projected to drive substantial growth in the global market for FCEVs.
Rivalry with other sustainable energy sources
Although hydrogen fuel cells are among the most environmentally friendly energy sources on the market, they are not without competition from other renewable energy sources like wind and solar power. The rising cost competitiveness of these alternative energy sources in recent years may restrict the use of fuel cells in some applications. Additionally, the relative cost advantage of hydrogen fuel cells may decrease as the cost of solar panels and wind turbines rises, making it harder for them to capture market share in specific industries.
The COVID-19 pandemic caused disruptions in multiple sectors, which in turn had a significant impact on the hydrogen fuel cell market. Initially, the pandemic caused demand to fluctuate, especially in the transportation sector, where the adoption of fuel cell electric vehicles (FCEVs) was slowed by reduced consumer spending and travel restrictions. At the same time, disruptions to global supply chains led to shortages of vital parts needed for fuel cell production, including membranes and platinum catalysts. Lockdowns and plant closures made production delays and costs even worse, which lowered industry investment sentiment. However, as businesses looked for reliable energy options during the crisis, interest in some industries, like stationary power generation, increased.
The Air-Cooled Type segment is expected to be the largest during the forecast period
Due to its benefits in simplicity and efficiency, the air-cooled type segment of the hydrogen fuel cell market has the largest market share. Because they don't require elaborate cooling systems, air-cooled fuel cells are lighter and simpler to incorporate into a variety of applications, especially in the automotive and portable power industries. Because there are fewer moving parts in this design, reliability is increased while maintenance needs are decreased. Moreover, in applications where weight and space are crucial, like fuel cell electric vehicles (FCEVs) and portable energy devices, the air-cooled variety is especially useful.
The Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel cells segment is expected to have the highest CAGR during the forecast period
In the hydrogen fuel cell market, the Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells (PEMFC) segment is anticipated to grow at the highest CAGR. This kind of fuel cell is well known for its effectiveness, lightweight construction, and capacity to function at relatively low temperatures. These qualities make it perfect for use in transportation applications, especially in fuel cell electric vehicles (FCEVs). Additionally, the PEMFC market is anticipated to grow quickly as automakers concentrate more on creating FCEVs to satisfy consumer demand for zero-emission cars and stricter emissions regulations.
The North American region has the largest market share for hydrogen fuel cells. Strong industrial infrastructure, notable technological developments, and strict regulations supporting clean energy solutions are the main forces behind this dominance. With its varied industrial base that significantly depends on hydrogen fuel cell technology in industries like automotive, energy production, and stationary power generation, the United States, in particular, is a key player in this environment. Furthermore, the need to cut emissions and abide by environmental regulations is driving up demand for hydrogen fuel cells.
Over the course of the forecast period, the hydrogen fuel cell market is expected to grow at the highest CAGR in the Asia-Pacific region. Numerous factors, such as a notable increase in the population, rising disposable income, and an increasing need for energy solutions that lower carbon emissions, can be blamed for this rapid growth. Moreover, hydrogen fuel cells are acknowledged by the fastest-growing and most polluting economies in the region as an effective way to meet energy demands and simultaneously address environmental concerns.
Key players in the market
Some of the key players in Hydrogen Fuel Cell market include Ceres Power Holdings plc, Bloom Energy Corporation, Daimler AG, AFC Energy plc, Doosan Fuel Cell Co. Ltd., BMW Group, FuelCell Energy, Inc, General Motors Company, Ballard Power Systems Inc., Panasonic Corporation, Nedstack Fuel Cell Technology BV, Honda Motor Co. Ltd, Toshiba Corporation, Audi AG, Plug Power Inc., Volvo Group, Toyota Motor Corporation and SFC Energy AG.
In September 2024, Ceres Power announced that it has signed a key agreement with Thermax to licence its solid oxide electrolysis cell (SOEC) technology, marking its entry into the fast-growing Indian clean energy market. The London-listed firm said the non-exclusive global licence would allow Thermax - a leading provider of energy and environmental solutions in India - to develop and manufacture SOEC systems based on Ceres' advanced technology.
In July 2024, AFC Energy PLC has inked a new strategic supplier agreement (SSA) with Germany's Zollner Elektronik, to scale the production of fuel cell modules for its S Series platform. The agreement represents a step-up in AFC Energy's efforts to meet the growing demand for its hydrogen power generation technologies.
In April 2024, Bloom Energy announced a power capacity agreement with Intel Corporation that the companies say will result in Silicon Valley's largest fuel cell-powered high-performance computing data center. The agreement calls for the installation of additional MW of Bloom Energy's solid oxide fuel cell-based Energy Server at Intel's existing high-performance computing data center in Santa Clara, California.