查看购物车
  • Traditional Chinese
  • English
  • Japanese
  • Korean
封面
市场调查报告书
商品编码
1577242

到 2030 年虚拟购电协议市场预测：按合约类型、能源买家类型、发电能力、技术、最终用户和地区进行的全球分析

Virtual Power Purchase Agreement Market Forecasts to 2030 - Global Analysis By Contract Type (Fixed, Price Contracts, Floating Price Contracts and Other Contract Types), Energy Buyer Type, Power Generation Capacity, Technology, End User and By Geography
出版日期: | 出版商: Stratistics Market Research Consulting | 英文 200+ Pages | 商品交期: 2-3个工作天内

价格

根据 Stratistics MRC 的数据，全球虚拟购电协议市场在预测期内将以 31.7% 的复合年增长率成长。

虚拟购电协议（VPPA）是买方（通常是公司）和可再生能源开发商之间的财务合约。买家可以购买特定可再生能源计划产生的可再生能源信用额（REC），而无需直接接收实际交付的电力。 VPPA 使公司能够抵消碳排放，实现永续性目标，确保长期固定能源价格，并为可再生能源计划提供稳定的收益来源。

能源市场波动

能源市场的波动和能源价格的波动使企业面临财务风险，并使能源支出预算变得困难。 VPPA 可以对冲市场波动，并透过在合约期限内锁定可再生能源的固定价格来提供解决方案。这种稳定性不仅有助于财务规划，而且与企业永续性目标保持一致。企业可以购买可再生能源信用额（REC）来抵消其碳排放，增强其绿色信誉并在能源情况不确定的情况下支持市场成长。

长期承诺

长期承诺可能会导致不愿签订长期合约，因为担心业务要求或市场条件的变化可能导致能源过剩或供应不足。此外，面临经济衰退或财务稳定性变化的公司可能难以履行合约义务，这可能导致损失和处罚。这种不确定性可能会阻碍 VPPA 市场的进入，并限制 VPPA 的成长和企业采用。

拓展新兴市场

随着新兴经济体采用可再生能源目标和法律规范，寻求永续商业实践的公司可以透过 VPPA 进入新兴市场。这些措施吸引了外国投资，并促进了当地能源开发商与跨国公司之间的伙伴关係。此外，新兴市场不断增长的能源需求为 VPPA 创造了有利的环境，使企业能够对冲价格波动，同时支持向清洁能源转型并推动市场成长。

与其他能源解决方案的竞争

与传统购电协议 (PPA)、直接能源采购和新兴技术等其他能源解决方案竞争，为企业提供更灵活、更直接的选择。这些选项可以更轻鬆地获取可再生能源并降低前期成本，对寻求快速、经济高效的解决方案的企业具有吸引力。此外，分散式能源的进步可以减少市场对长期金融合约的依赖，从而进一步挑战VPPA。

COVID-19 的影响

COVID-19 大流行最初扰乱了虚拟购电协议 (VPPA​​) 市场，为能源需求和计划进度带来了不确定性。然而，随着企业优先考虑永续性和弹性，向可再生能源的转变已经加速。许多公司寻求VPPA来稳定能源成本并在经济波动中实现碳中和。整体而言，疫情凸显了可再生能源投资的重要性，并随着企业适应新的现实，导致 VPPA 市场的復苏和成长。

预计工业领域在预测期内将是最大的

在预测期内，由于为实现永续性和碳减排目标对可再生能源的高需求，工业部门预计将占据最大的市场占有率。能源消费量产业尤其寻求 VPPA 来稳定能源成本并对市场波动。此外，由于企业面临相关人员采取环保做法的压力，VPPA 提供了采购绿色能源的可行解决方案。该部门减少碳排放和加强企业社会责任措施的努力将进一步刺激 VPPA 市场的成长。

风力发电产业预计在预测期内复合年增长率最高

风电产业是一种具有成本效益且永续的能源解决方案，预计在预测期内将呈现最高成长率。随着风电技术成本的下降和政府的大力支持，越来越多的公司加入VPPA以确保可再生能源的长期固定价格。这不仅有助于实现永续性目标，还可以对冲市场价格波动。此外，各地丰富的风能资源使得企业很容易参与VPPA，从而促进了市场的成长。

比最大的地区

在预测期内，由于企业永续性措施的增加和政府对可再生能源的支持，预计亚太地区将占据最大的市场占有率。印度、澳洲和日本等国家引领市场，提供鼓励采用 VPPA 的优惠政策。对清洁能源的需求不断增加，加上可再生技术（特别是风能和太阳能）成本的下降，进一步推动了这一成长。此外，在该地区运营的跨国公司正在利用 VPPA 来实现其环境目标，从而增加市场潜力。

复合年增长率最高的地区：

在预测期内，由于企业永续性倡议和对可再生能源的强劲需求，预计北美地区的复合年增长率最高。领先公司依靠 VPPA 来实现其可再生能源目标并减少碳足迹。支持性法规结构和税收优惠进一步鼓励对可再生计划的投资。随着越来越多的公司在市场波动中寻求长期能源价格稳定，北美 VPPA 市场预计将扩大，推动向清洁能源未来的重大转变。

免费客製化服务

订阅此报告的客户可以存取以下免费自订选项之一：

  • 公司简介
    • 其他市场参与者的综合分析（最多 3 家公司）
    • 主要企业SWOT分析（最多3家企业）
  • 区域分割
    • 根据客户兴趣对主要国家的市场估计、预测和复合年增长率（註：基于可行性检查）
  • 竞争标基准化分析
    • 根据产品系列、地理分布和策略联盟对主要企业基准化分析

目录

第一章执行摘要

第二章 前言

  • 概述
  • 相关利益者
  • 调查范围
  • 调查方法
    • 资料探勘
    • 资料分析
    • 资料检验
    • 研究途径
  • 研究资讯来源
    • 主要研究资讯来源
    • 二次研究资讯来源
    • 先决条件

第三章市场趋势分析

  • 促进因素
  • 抑制因素
  • 机会
  • 威胁
  • 技术分析
  • 最终用户分析
  • 新兴市场
  • COVID-19 的影响

第4章波特五力分析

  • 供应商的议价能力
  • 买方议价能力
  • 替代品的威胁
  • 新进入者的威胁
  • 竞争公司之间的敌对关係

第五章全球虚拟购电协议市场：依合约类型

  • 固定价格合约
  • 可变价格合约
  • 其他合约类型

第六章全球虚拟购电协议市场：以能源买家类型

  • 公司
  • 公共事业
  • 政府机构
  • 其他能源买家类型

第七章全球虚拟购电协议市场：依发电量分类

  • 小于50MW
  • 50MW-150MW
  • 150MW-300MW
  • 300MW以上

第八章全球虚拟购电协议市场：依技术分类

  • 太阳能
  • 风力
  • 水力发电
  • 生质能源
  • 地热能
  • 其他技术

第九章全球虚拟购电协议市场：依最终用户分类

  • 商业的
    • 零售
    • 科技或IT公司
    • 製造业
  • 产业
  • 公共事业
  • 政府和公共部门
  • 教育机构
  • 其他最终用户

第十章全球虚拟购电协议市场：按地区

  • 北美洲
    • 美国
    • 加拿大
    • 墨西哥
  • 欧洲
    • 德国
    • 英国
    • 义大利
    • 法国
    • 西班牙
    • 其他欧洲国家
  • 亚太地区
    • 日本
    • 中国
    • 印度
    • 澳洲
    • 纽西兰
    • 韩国
    • 其他亚太地区
  • 南美洲
    • 阿根廷
    • 巴西
    • 智利
    • 南美洲其他地区
  • 中东/非洲
    • 沙乌地阿拉伯
    • 阿拉伯聯合大公国
    • 卡达
    • 南非
    • 其他中东和非洲

第十一章 主要进展

  • 合约、伙伴关係、协作和合资企业
  • 收购和合併
  • 新产品发布
  • 业务拓展
  • 其他关键策略

第十二章 公司概况

  • Google
  • Amazon（Amazon Web Services）
  • Microsoft Corporation
  • Meta（Facebook）
  • Apple Inc.
  • IKEA Group
  • Walmart Inc.
  • General Motors（GM）
  • Tesla, Inc.
  • Shell Energy
  • BP（British Petroleum）
  • NextEra Energy, Inc.
  • Orsted A/S
  • EDF Renewables
  • Enel Green Power
  • Engie
  • Duke Energy
  • Siemens Gamesa Renewable Energy
  • Vattenfall AB
  • Invenergy LLC
Product Code: SMRC27562

According to Stratistics MRC, the Global Virtual Power Purchase Agreement Market is growing at a CAGR of 31.7% during the forecast period. A Virtual Power Purchase Agreement (VPPA) is a financial contract between a buyer, typically a corporation, and a renewable energy developer. It allows the buyer to purchase renewable energy credits (RECs) generated by a specific renewable energy project without directly taking physical delivery of the electricity. VPPAs enable companies to offset their carbon emissions, achieve sustainability goals, and secure fixed energy prices over a long term, providing a stable revenue stream for renewable energy projects.

Market Dynamics:

Driver:

Energy market volatility

Energy market volatility, fluctuating energy prices can expose businesses to financial risks, making it challenging to budget for energy expenditures. VPPAs offer a solution by locking in fixed prices for renewable energy over the contract's duration, providing a hedge against market fluctuations. This stability not only aids in financial planning but also aligns with corporate sustainability goals, as companies can purchase renewable energy credits (RECs) to offset their carbon emissions, enhancing their green credentials in an uncertain energy landscape, propelling the growth of the market.

Restraint:

Long-term commitments

Long-term commitments may hesitate to enter into lengthy contracts, fearing changes in operational requirements or market conditions that could lead to surplus energy or inadequate supply. Additionally, companies facing economic downturns or fluctuations in their financial stability might struggle to fulfil their contractual obligations, resulting in potential losses or penalties. This uncertainty can deter participation in the VPPA market, limiting its growth and adoption among organizations.

Opportunity:

Expansion into emerging markets

Expansion into emerging markets such as developing economies increasingly adopt renewable energy targets and regulatory frameworks, corporations seeking sustainable practices can enter these markets through VPPAs. This expansion attracts foreign investment and fosters partnerships between local energy developers and global companies. Moreover, rising energy demands in emerging markets create a conductive environment for VPPAs, enabling companies to hedge against price volatility while supporting the transition to clean energy and promoting the growth of the market.

Threat:

Competition from other energy solutions

Competition from other energy solutions, such as traditional power purchase agreements (PPAs), direct energy procurement, and emerging technologies offer more flexible or immediate options for companies. These alternatives may provide easier access to renewable energy or lower upfront costs, making them attractive to organizations seeking quick, cost-effective solutions. Additionally, advancements in distributed energy resources can further challenge VPPAs, reducing their reliance on long-term financial contracts of the market.

Covid-19 Impact

The COVID-19 pandemic initially disrupted the Virtual Power Purchase Agreement (VPPA) market by causing uncertainty in energy demand and project timelines. However, it accelerated the shift towards renewable energy as companies' increasingly prioritized sustainability and resilience in their operations. Many organizations sought VPPAs to stabilize energy costs and achieve carbon neutrality amidst economic volatility. Overall, the pandemic reinforced the importance of renewable energy investments, leading to a rebound and growth in the VPPA market as businesses adapted to new realities.

The industrial segment is expected to be the largest during the forecast period

Over the estimation period, the industrial segment is likely to capture the largest market share, due to high demand for renewable energy to meet sustainability and carbon reduction targets. Industries, especially those with high energy consumption, seek VPPAs to stabilize energy costs and hedge against market volatility. Additionally, as corporations face increasing pressure from stakeholders to adopt environmentally friendly practices, VPPAs offer a viable solution to source green energy. This segment's commitment to reducing carbon footprints and enhancing corporate social responsibility initiatives further stimulates growth in the VPPA market.

The wind power segment is expected to have the highest CAGR during the forecast period

Over the forecast period, the wind power segment is predicted to witness the highest growth rate, due to cost-effective and sustainable energy solution. With decreasing costs of wind energy technology and strong government support, companies are increasingly entering into VPPAs to secure long-term, fixed pricing for renewable energy. This not only helps them meet sustainability targets but also hedges against market price volatility. Additionally, the abundance of wind resources in various regions makes it easier for businesses to engage in VPPAs, thus driving growth in the market.

Region with largest share:

Over the forecast period, the Asia Pacific region is anticipated to hold the largest market share due to increased corporate sustainability initiatives and government support for renewable energy. Countries like India, Australia, and Japan are leading the way, offering favourable policies that encourage the adoption of VPPAs. The growing demand for clean energy, coupled with declining costs of renewable technologies, particularly wind and solar, further fuels this growth. Additionally, multinational corporations operating in the region are leveraging VPPAs to meet their environmental goals, thus enhancing the market's potential.

Region with highest CAGR:

During the forecast period, the North America region is anticipated to register the highest CAGR, owing to corporate sustainability initiatives and a robust demand for renewable energy. Major companies are leveraging VPPAs to meet renewable energy targets and reduce carbon footprints, particularly in the wind and solar sectors. Supportive regulatory frameworks and tax incentives further encourage investment in renewable projects. As more corporations seek long-term energy price stability amid market volatility, the North American VPPA market is expected to expand, facilitating a significant transition towards a cleaner energy future.

Key players in the market

Some of the key players profiled in the Virtual Power Purchase Agreement Market include Google , Amazon (Amazon Web Services), Microsoft Corporation, Meta (Facebook), Apple Inc., IKEA Group, Walmart Inc., General Motors (GM), Tesla, Inc., Shell Energy, BP (British Petroleum), NextEra Energy, Inc., Orsted A/S, EDF Renewables, Enel Green Power, Engie, Duke Energy, Siemens Gamesa Renewable Energy, Vattenfall AB and Invenergy LLC .

Key Developments:

In August 2024, Amazon.com, Inc. announced partnership with Iberdrola for generative artificial intelligence (AI) workloads. This collaboration unified data approach with AI and machine learning capabilities will help AWS build smarter and more secure networks to automate smart grids and more easily integrate renewable energy.

In July 2024, Amazon.com, Inc. Company announced an expanded partnership with Workday, Inc, improve decision-making, and develop generative AI Solutions. Together, AWS and Workday, jointly go-to-market initiatives to accelerate customer cloud transformation, helping customers increase productivity, grow and retain talent.

In June 2024, AWS had partnered with Formula 1(R) launched generative AI-designed trophy for Canadian Grand Prix. This partnership will push the boundaries of innovation, Formula 1 is set to introduce generative artificial intelligence (generative AI) through AWS tools, to drive creativity and solutions throughout the sport, as well as increasing operational efficiency.

Contract Types Covered:

  • Fixed Price Contracts
  • Floating Price Contracts
  • Other Contract Types

Energy Buyer Types Covered:

  • Corporates
  • Utilities
  • Government Entities
  • Other Energy Buyer Types

Power Generation Capacities Covered:

  • Less than 50 MW
  • 50 MW - 150 MW
  • 150 MW - 300 MW
  • More than 300 MW

Technologies Covered:

  • Solar Power
  • Wind Power
  • Hydropower
  • Biomass Energy
  • Geothermal Energy
  • Other Technologies

End Users Covered:

  • Commercial
  • Industrial
  • Utilities
  • Government and Public Sector
  • Educational Institutions
  • Other End Users

Regions Covered:

  • North America
    • US
    • Canada
    • Mexico
  • Europe
    • Germany
    • UK
    • Italy
    • France
    • Spain
    • Rest of Europe
  • Asia Pacific
    • Japan
    • China
    • India
    • Australia
    • New Zealand
    • South Korea
    • Rest of Asia Pacific
  • South America
    • Argentina
    • Brazil
    • Chile
    • Rest of South America
  • Middle East & Africa
    • Saudi Arabia
    • UAE
    • Qatar
    • South Africa
    • Rest of Middle East & Africa

What our report offers:

  • Market share assessments for the regional and country-level segments
  • Strategic recommendations for the new entrants
  • Covers Market data for the years 2022, 2023, 2024, 2026, and 2030
  • Market Trends (Drivers, Constraints, Opportunities, Threats, Challenges, Investment Opportunities, and recommendations)
  • Strategic recommendations in key business segments based on the market estimations
  • Competitive landscaping mapping the key common trends
  • Company profiling with detailed strategies, financials, and recent developments
  • Supply chain trends mapping the latest technological advancements

Free Customization Offerings:

All the customers of this report will be entitled to receive one of the following free customization options:

  • Company Profiling
    • Comprehensive profiling of additional market players (up to 3)
    • SWOT Analysis of key players (up to 3)
  • Regional Segmentation
    • Market estimations, Forecasts and CAGR of any prominent country as per the client's interest (Note: Depends on feasibility check)
  • Competitive Benchmarking
    • Benchmarking of key players based on product portfolio, geographical presence, and strategic alliances

Table of Contents

1 Executive Summary

2 Preface

  • 2.1 Abstract
  • 2.2 Stake Holders
  • 2.3 Research Scope
  • 2.4 Research Methodology
    • 2.4.1 Data Mining
    • 2.4.2 Data Analysis
    • 2.4.3 Data Validation
    • 2.4.4 Research Approach
  • 2.5 Research Sources
    • 2.5.1 Primary Research Sources
    • 2.5.2 Secondary Research Sources
    • 2.5.3 Assumptions

3 Market Trend Analysis

  • 3.1 Introduction
  • 3.2 Drivers
  • 3.3 Restraints
  • 3.4 Opportunities
  • 3.5 Threats
  • 3.6 Technology Analysis
  • 3.7 End User Analysis
  • 3.8 Emerging Markets
  • 3.9 Impact of Covid-19

4 Porters Five Force Analysis

  • 4.1 Bargaining power of suppliers
  • 4.2 Bargaining power of buyers
  • 4.3 Threat of substitutes
  • 4.4 Threat of new entrants
  • 4.5 Competitive rivalry

5 Global Virtual Power Purchase Agreement Market, By Contract Type

  • 5.1 Introduction
  • 5.2 Fixed Price Contracts
  • 5.3 Floating Price Contracts
  • 5.4 Other Contract Types

6 Global Virtual Power Purchase Agreement Market, By Energy Buyer Type

  • 6.1 Introduction
  • 6.2 Corporates
  • 6.3 Utilities
  • 6.4 Government Entities
  • 6.5 Other Energy Buyer Types

7 Global Virtual Power Purchase Agreement Market, By Power Generation Capacity

  • 7.1 Introduction
  • 7.2 Less than 50 MW
  • 7.3 50 MW - 150 MW
  • 7.4 150 MW - 300 MW
  • 7.5 More than 300 MW

8 Global Virtual Power Purchase Agreement Market, By Technology

  • 8.1 Introduction
  • 8.2 Solar Power
  • 8.3 Wind Power
  • 8.4 Hydropower
  • 8.5 Biomass Energy
  • 8.6 Geothermal Energy
  • 8.7 Other Technologies

9 Global Virtual Power Purchase Agreement Market, By End User

  • 9.1 Introduction
  • 9.2 Commercial
    • 9.2.1 Retail
    • 9.2.2 Tech or IT Companies
    • 9.2.3 Manufacturing
  • 9.3 Industrial
  • 9.4 Utilities
  • 9.5 Government and Public Sector
  • 9.6 Educational Institutions
  • 9.7 Other End Users

10 Global Virtual Power Purchase Agreement Market, By Geography

  • 10.1 Introduction
  • 10.2 North America
    • 10.2.1 US
    • 10.2.2 Canada
    • 10.2.3 Mexico
  • 10.3 Europe
    • 10.3.1 Germany
    • 10.3.2 UK
    • 10.3.3 Italy
    • 10.3.4 France
    • 10.3.5 Spain
    • 10.3.6 Rest of Europe
  • 10.4 Asia Pacific
    • 10.4.1 Japan
    • 10.4.2 China
    • 10.4.3 India
    • 10.4.4 Australia
    • 10.4.5 New Zealand
    • 10.4.6 South Korea
    • 10.4.7 Rest of Asia Pacific
  • 10.5 South America
    • 10.5.1 Argentina
    • 10.5.2 Brazil
    • 10.5.3 Chile
    • 10.5.4 Rest of South America
  • 10.6 Middle East & Africa
    • 10.6.1 Saudi Arabia
    • 10.6.2 UAE
    • 10.6.3 Qatar
    • 10.6.4 South Africa
    • 10.6.5 Rest of Middle East & Africa

11 Key Developments

  • 11.1 Agreements, Partnerships, Collaborations and Joint Ventures
  • 11.2 Acquisitions & Mergers
  • 11.3 New Product Launch
  • 11.4 Expansions
  • 11.5 Other Key Strategies

12 Company Profiling

  • 12.1 Google
  • 12.2 Amazon (Amazon Web Services)
  • 12.3 Microsoft Corporation
  • 12.4 Meta (Facebook)
  • 12.5 Apple Inc.
  • 12.6 IKEA Group
  • 12.7 Walmart Inc.
  • 12.8 General Motors (GM)
  • 12.9 Tesla, Inc.
  • 12.10 Shell Energy
  • 12.11 BP (British Petroleum)
  • 12.12 NextEra Energy, Inc.
  • 12.13 Orsted A/S
  • 12.14 EDF Renewables
  • 12.15 Enel Green Power
  • 12.16 Engie
  • 12.17 Duke Energy
  • 12.18 Siemens Gamesa Renewable Energy
  • 12.19 Vattenfall AB
  • 12.20 Invenergy LLC

List of Tables

  • Table 1 Global Virtual Power Purchase Agreement Market Outlook, By Region (2022-2030) ($MN)
  • Table 2 Global Virtual Power Purchase Agreement Market Outlook, By Contract Type (2022-2030) ($MN)
  • Table 3 Global Virtual Power Purchase Agreement Market Outlook, By Fixed Price Contracts (2022-2030) ($MN)
  • Table 4 Global Virtual Power Purchase Agreement Market Outlook, By Floating Price Contracts (2022-2030) ($MN)
  • Table 5 Global Virtual Power Purchase Agreement Market Outlook, By Other Contract Types (2022-2030) ($MN)
  • Table 6 Global Virtual Power Purchase Agreement Market Outlook, By Energy Buyer Type (2022-2030) ($MN)
  • Table 7 Global Virtual Power Purchase Agreement Market Outlook, By Corporates (2022-2030) ($MN)
  • Table 8 Global Virtual Power Purchase Agreement Market Outlook, By Utilities (2022-2030) ($MN)
  • Table 9 Global Virtual Power Purchase Agreement Market Outlook, By Government Entities (2022-2030) ($MN)
  • Table 10 Global Virtual Power Purchase Agreement Market Outlook, By Other Energy Buyer Types (2022-2030) ($MN)
  • Table 11 Global Virtual Power Purchase Agreement Market Outlook, By Power Generation Capacity (2022-2030) ($MN)
  • Table 12 Global Virtual Power Purchase Agreement Market Outlook, By Less than 50 MW (2022-2030) ($MN)
  • Table 13 Global Virtual Power Purchase Agreement Market Outlook, By 50 MW - 150 MW (2022-2030) ($MN)
  • Table 14 Global Virtual Power Purchase Agreement Market Outlook, By 150 MW - 300 MW (2022-2030) ($MN)
  • Table 15 Global Virtual Power Purchase Agreement Market Outlook, By More than 300 MW (2022-2030) ($MN)
  • Table 16 Global Virtual Power Purchase Agreement Market Outlook, By Technology (2022-2030) ($MN)
  • Table 17 Global Virtual Power Purchase Agreement Market Outlook, By Solar Power (2022-2030) ($MN)
  • Table 18 Global Virtual Power Purchase Agreement Market Outlook, By Wind Power (2022-2030) ($MN)
  • Table 19 Global Virtual Power Purchase Agreement Market Outlook, By Hydropower (2022-2030) ($MN)
  • Table 20 Global Virtual Power Purchase Agreement Market Outlook, By Biomass Energy (2022-2030) ($MN)
  • Table 21 Global Virtual Power Purchase Agreement Market Outlook, By Geothermal Energy (2022-2030) ($MN)
  • Table 22 Global Virtual Power Purchase Agreement Market Outlook, By Other Technologies (2022-2030) ($MN)
  • Table 23 Global Virtual Power Purchase Agreement Market Outlook, By End User (2022-2030) ($MN)
  • Table 24 Global Virtual Power Purchase Agreement Market Outlook, By Commercial (2022-2030) ($MN)
  • Table 25 Global Virtual Power Purchase Agreement Market Outlook, By Retail (2022-2030) ($MN)
  • Table 26 Global Virtual Power Purchase Agreement Market Outlook, By Tech or IT Companies (2022-2030) ($MN)
  • Table 27 Global Virtual Power Purchase Agreement Market Outlook, By Manufacturing (2022-2030) ($MN)
  • Table 28 Global Virtual Power Purchase Agreement Market Outlook, By Industrial (2022-2030) ($MN)
  • Table 29 Global Virtual Power Purchase Agreement Market Outlook, By Utilities (2022-2030) ($MN)
  • Table 30 Global Virtual Power Purchase Agreement Market Outlook, By Government and Public Sector (2022-2030) ($MN)
  • Table 31 Global Virtual Power Purchase Agreement Market Outlook, By Educational Institutions (2022-2030) ($MN)
  • Table 32 Global Virtual Power Purchase Agreement Market Outlook, By Other End Users (2022-2030) ($MN)

Note: Tables for North America, Europe, APAC, South America, and Middle East & Africa Regions are also represented in the same manner as above.