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市场调查报告书
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1766129

全球生物液化天然气市场：2032 年预测－按原料产品、生产流程、分销类型、应用、最终用户和地区进行分析

Bio-LNG Market Forecasts to 2032 - Global Analysis By Source Type, Production Process (Anaerobic Digestion, Biogas Upgrading & Liquefaction and Thermal Gasification), Distribution Mode, Application, End User and By Geography
出版日期: | 出版商: Stratistics Market Research Consulting | 英文 200+ Pages | 商品交期: 2-3个工作天内

价格

根据 Stratistics MRC 的数据，全球生物液化天然气市场预计在 2025 年达到 26 亿美元，到 2032 年将达到 329 亿美元，预测期内的复合年增长率为 43.2%。

生物液化天然气（Bio-LNG，以生物甲烷为基础的液化天然气）是一种可再生燃料，源自有机废弃物废弃物消化产生的沼气，并经过精製和低温液化。它的能量密度和性能与传统液化天然气相似，但碳足迹显着降低。作为一种永续的替代能源，生物液化天然气可用于重型运输、船舶燃料和工业能源应用。它与现有液化天然气基础设施相容，可实现无缝集成，同时支援气候变迁目标和向清洁能源来源的过渡。

根据国际能源总署（IEA）的数据，与柴油相比，生物液化天然气可减少温室气体排放高达80-90%，使其成为重型船舶和航运的重要可再生燃料。

扩大沼气基础设施投资

各国政府和能源公司正积极投资兴建沼气升级和液化设施，以提升生物液化天然气的商业性可行性。推动这一发展势头的因素包括日益增长的气候法规，这些法规旨在促进可再生天然气的发展，以及各国制定的脱碳蓝图。对低温运输系统、储存终端和离网加气站的投资正在建立更整合的供应链。此类基础设施建设对于生物液化天然气在工业和交通运输领域的大规模部署至关重要。

原料供给能力有限

农业废弃物季节性变化以及市政和工业废弃物取得管道有限影响生产稳定性。原料收集和运输方面的物流障碍也限制了某些地区的工厂运转率。新兴国家缺乏集中式废弃物管理系统，进一步加剧了这项挑战。确保长期供应安全是维持生物液化天然气市场扩充性和成本竞争力的关键。

大型/远距运输

生物液化天然气 (Bio-LNG) 能量密度高，二氧化碳排放低，适用于远距、高负载容量路线。车队营运商正在探索使用生物液化天然气 (Bio-LNG) 燃料的卡车，以符合不断变化的排放法规，同时保持营运效率。随着更多加气基础设施的建成，生物液化天然气作为替代运输燃料的商业性可行性有望增强。

与其他绿色燃料的竞争

生物液化天然气面临其他绿色燃料（例如绿色氢能、可再生甲醇和氨）的竞争，尤其是在航运和航运领域。这些替代燃料正在吸引越来越多的研发资金和政策奖励，这可能会转移对生物液化天然气基础设施的投资。此外，某些绿色燃料具有更快的脱碳路径和更大的可扩展性的潜力。

COVID-19的影响：

由于出行限制和工业活动减少，新冠疫情导致生物液化天然气计划开发和供应链暂时中断。沼气厂建设许可证核准和零件进口延迟最初减缓了市场发展势头。然而，疫情后復苏策略转向能源独立和永续性目标，重新激发了人们对低碳燃料的兴趣。这些新的倡议预计将支持整个区域市场的稳定成长和復苏。

预计农业废弃物部分在预测期内将占最大份额

农业废弃物因其广泛的可用性和良好的产产量，预计将在预测期内占据最大的市场占有率，使其成为沼气生产的首选投入。拥有庞大农业产业基础的国家正在利用农业废弃物来减少甲烷排放并支持循环经济目标。废弃物预处理和沼气池效率的创新正在进一步提高产量和扩充性。

预测期内厌氧消化（AD）领域预计将以最高复合年增长率成长

厌氧消化 (AD) 领域预计将在预测期内实现最高成长率，这得益于其在将有机物转化为生物液化天然气方面已得到证实的高效性。此生物製程因其对各种基材（例如农业残留物、污水污泥和有机工业废弃物）的适应性而受到青睐。模组化 AD 装置的日益普及以及微生物优化的不断改进，已显着提升了生产性能。

占比最大的地区：

预计亚太地区将在预测期内占据最大的市场占有率，这得益于强劲的农业生产、不断增长的能源需求以及政府在农村地区大力发展生质能源的倡议。中国和印度等国家正在扩大生质能源，以减少对进口石化燃料的依赖，并缓解城市废弃物挑战。公共和私营部门实体之间的合作计划正在加速设施的发展。

复合年增长率最高的地区：

在预测期内，北美预计将呈现最高的复合年增长率，这得益于积极的气候变迁目标、技术创新以及日益壮大的可再生天然气生态系统。美国和加拿大正在投资先进的沼气升级设施，并建造用于货物运输的生物液化天然气走廊。低碳燃料标准 (LCFS) 和可再生燃料标准 (RFS) 等政策工具提供了财政奖励，以推动生产规模的扩大。

免费客製化服务

本报告的所有订阅者均可享有以下免费自订选项之一：

  • 公司简介
    • 对其他公司（最多 3 家）进行全面分析
    • 主要企业的SWOT分析（最多3家公司）
  • 区域分类
    • 根据客户兴趣对主要国家市场进行估计、预测和复合年增长率（註：基于可行性检查）
  • 竞争基准化分析
    • 根据产品系列、地理分布和策略联盟对主要企业基准化分析

目录

第一章执行摘要

第 2 章 简介

  • 概述
  • 相关利益者
  • 分析范围
  • 分析方法
    • 资料探勘
    • 数据分析
    • 数据检验
    • 分析方法
  • 分析材料
    • 主要研究资料
    • 二手研究资讯来源
    • 先决条件

第三章市场走势分析

  • 介绍
  • 驱动程式
  • 限制因素
  • 市场机会
  • 威胁
  • 产品分析
  • 技术分析
  • 应用分析
  • 最终用户分析
  • 新兴市场
  • COVID-19的感染疾病

第四章 波特五力分析

  • 供应商的议价能力
  • 买家的议价能力
  • 替代产品的威胁
  • 新参与企业的威胁
  • 企业之间的竞争

第五章全球生物液化天然气市场（依原料种类）

  • 农业废弃物
  • 动物肥料
  • 食物废弃物
  • 工业有机废弃物
  • 污水污泥
  • 能源作物
  • 其他类型的成分

第六章全球生物液化天然气市场（依生产製程）

  • 厌氧消化（AD）
  • 沼气提纯和液化
  • 热气化

第七章全球生物液化天然气市场（按分销类型）

  • 现场液化利用
  • 异地液化和公路油罐车运输
  • 管道注入（作为预液化生物甲烷）
  • LNG加气站

第八章全球生物液化天然气市场（按应用）

  • 运输燃料
  • 发电
  • 工业流程
  • 住宅暖气
  • 与传统液化天然气混合

第九章全球生物液化天然气市场（依最终用户）

  • 航运/运输
  • 能源与公用事业
  • 农业
  • 工业/製造业
  • 住宅和商业设施
  • 其他最终用户

第 10 章全球生物液化天然气市场（按地区）

  • 北美洲
    • 美国
    • 加拿大
    • 墨西哥
  • 欧洲
    • 德国
    • 英国
    • 义大利
    • 法国
    • 西班牙
    • 其他欧洲国家
  • 亚太地区
    • 日本
    • 中国
    • 印度
    • 澳洲
    • 纽西兰
    • 韩国
    • 其他亚太地区
  • 南美洲
    • 阿根廷
    • 巴西
    • 智利
    • 南美洲其他地区
  • 中东和非洲
    • 沙乌地阿拉伯
    • 阿拉伯聯合大公国
    • 卡达
    • 南非
    • 其他中东和非洲地区

第十一章 主要趋势

  • 合约、商业伙伴关係和合资企业
  • 企业合併与收购（M&A）
  • 新产品发布
  • 业务扩展
  • 其他关键策略

第十二章 公司简介

  • Wartsila Corporation
  • Verbund AG
  • Verbio Vereinigte BioEnergie AG
  • Veolia Environnement SA
  • TotalEnergies SE
  • Shell plc
  • Scandinavian Biogas Fuels International AB
  • Nature Energy Biogas A/S
  • Linde plc
  • Hitachi Zosen Inova AG
  • Gasum Oy
  • Everfuel A/S
  • EnviTec Biogas AG
  • Engie SA
  • Clean Energy Fuels Corp.
  • Bioenergy DevCo
  • Archaea Energy Inc.
  • Air Liquide
  • Aemetis, Inc.
Product Code: SMRC29985

According to Stratistics MRC, the Global Bio-LNG Market is accounted for $2.6 billion in 2025 and is expected to reach $32.9 billion by 2032 growing at a CAGR of 43.2% during the forecast period. Bio-LNG, or biomethane-based liquefied natural gas, is a renewable fuel derived from the purification and cryogenic liquefaction of biogas produced through anaerobic digestion of organic waste. It offers similar energy density and performance as conventional LNG but with a significantly lower carbon footprint. Bio-LNG is used in heavy-duty transportation, marine fuel, and industrial energy applications as a sustainable alternative. Its compatibility with existing LNG infrastructure enables seamless integration while supporting climate goals and the transition to cleaner energy sources.

According to the International Energy Agency (IEA), Bio-LNG can reduce greenhouse gas emissions by up to 80-90% compared to diesel, making it a key renewable fuel for heavy-duty transport and shipping.

Market Dynamics:

Driver:

Growing investment in biogas infrastructure

Governments and energy companies are actively directing capital toward the development of biogas upgrading and liquefaction facilities, driving the commercial viability of Bio-LNG. This momentum is fueled by growing climate regulations and national decarbonization roadmaps that promote renewable natural gas. Investments in cryogenic transport systems, storage terminals, and off-grid fueling stations are creating a more integrated supply chain. These infrastructure efforts are pivotal in enabling large-scale Bio-LNG deployment across industrial and mobility sectors.

Restraint:

Limited feedstock availability

Seasonal variation in agricultural residues and restricted access to municipal or industrial biowaste impact output consistency. In several regions, logistical barriers in feedstock collection and transportation also constrain plant operation rates. This challenge is further compounded by the lack of centralized waste management systems in developing countries. Ensuring long-term supply security will be key to maintaining scalability and cost competitiveness of the Bio-LNG market.

Opportunity:

Heavy-duty & long-haul transport

Bio-LNG delivers high energy density and lower CO2 emissions, making it suitable for long-distance, payload-intensive routes. Fleet operators are exploring Bio-LNG-fueled trucks to comply with evolving emissions norms while maintaining operational efficiency. As more refueling infrastructure becomes available, the commercial viability of Bio-LNG as an alternative transport fuel will strengthen.

Threat:

Competition from other green fuels

Bio-LNG faces competition from other green fuels such as green hydrogen, renewable methanol, and ammonia, particularly in the transport and marine sectors. These alternatives are attracting increasing R&D funding and policy incentives, which may redirect investments away from Bio-LNG infrastructure. In addition, certain green fuels offer faster decarbonization pathways or greater scalability potential.

Covid-19 Impact:

The COVID-19 pandemic created temporary disruptions in Bio-LNG project development and supply chains due to mobility restrictions and reduced industrial activity. Delays in biogas plant construction permit approvals, and component imports initially slowed market momentum. However, the shift toward energy self-sufficiency and sustainability goals in post-pandemic recovery strategies revitalized interest in low-carbon fuels. These renewed commitments are expected to support steady growth and recovery across regional markets.

The agricultural waste segment is expected to be the largest during the forecast period

The agricultural waste segment is expected to account for the largest market share during the forecast period attributed to their widespread availability and favorable gas yield make them a preferred input for biogas production. Countries with large agro-industrial bases are leveraging agricultural waste to reduce methane emissions and support circular economy goals. Innovations in waste pretreatment and digestion efficiency are further enhancing yield and scalability.

The anaerobic digestion (AD) segment is expected to have the highest CAGR during the forecast period

Over the forecast period, the anaerobic digestion (AD) segment is predicted to witness the highest growth rate due to its proven efficiency in converting organic matter into biogas, which can then be upgraded into Bio-LNG. This biological process is favored for its adaptability across various substrates including agricultural residues, wastewater sludge, and organic industrial waste. Increasing deployment of modular AD units and advancements in microbial optimization are improving output performance.

Region with largest share:

During the forecast period, the Asia Pacific region is expected to hold the largest market share driven by strong agricultural production, growing energy demand, and government initiatives for rural bioenergy. Nations such as China and India are scaling up bioenergy infrastructure to reduce dependence on imported fossil fuels and mitigate urban waste challenges. Collaborative projects between public entities and private players are accelerating facility development.

Region with highest CAGR:

Over the forecast period, the North America region is anticipated to exhibit the highest CAGR owing to aggressive climate targets, technological innovation, and an expanding renewable gas ecosystem. The U.S. and Canada are investing in advanced biogas upgrading facilities and establishing Bio-LNG corridors for freight mobility. Policy instruments such as Low Carbon Fuel Standards (LCFS) and Renewable Fuel Standards (RFS) offer financial incentives that drive production scale-up.

Key players in the market

Some of the key players in Bio-LNG Market include Wartsila Corporation, Verbund AG, Verbio Vereinigte BioEnergie AG, Veolia Environnement S.A., TotalEnergies SE, Shell plc, Scandinavian Biogas Fuels International AB, Nature Energy Biogas A/S, Linde plc, Hitachi Zosen Inova AG, Gasum Oy, Everfuel A/S, EnviTec Biogas AG, Engie SA, Clean Energy Fuels Corp., Bioenergy DevCo, Archaea Energy Inc., Air Liquide, and Aemetis, Inc.

Key Developments:

In May 2025, TotalEnergies SE, it signed a SPA to purchase 2 Mtpa of LNG and acquired a 5% stake in the Ksi Lisims LNG project in British Columbia for a 20-year term.

In April 2025, Wartsila Corporation secured contracts to supply two bioLNG plants in Finland (Nurmo and Kiuruvesi), each with 25 t/day capacity. These facilities will convert manure and food-processing waste into sustainable bio-LNG and bio-fertilizer, supporting decarbonized transport and agriculture.

In April 2025, TotalEnergies signed a Sales & Purchase Agreement (SPA) with NextDecade to offtake 1.5 Mtpa of LNG for 20 years from Rio Grande's future Train 4. This agreement underpins the FID process and strengthens TotalEnergies' LNG supply portfolio

Source Types Covered:

  • Agricultural Waste
  • Animal Manure
  • Food Waste
  • Industrial Organic Waste
  • Sewage Sludge
  • Energy Crops
  • Other Source Types

Production Processes Covered:

  • Anaerobic Digestion (AD)
  • Biogas Upgrading & Liquefaction
  • Thermal Gasification

Distribution Modes Covered:

  • On-Site Liquefaction & Use
  • Off-Site Liquefaction with Road Tanker Transport
  • Pipeline Injection (as biomethane before liquefaction)
  • LNG Refueling Stations

Applications Covered:

  • Transportation Fuel
  • Power Generation
  • Industrial Processes
  • Residential Heating
  • Blending with Conventional LNG

End Users Covered:

  • Marine & Shipping
  • Energy & Utilities
  • Agriculture
  • Industrial Manufacturing
  • Residential & Commercial
  • Other End Users

Regions Covered:

  • North America
    • US
    • Canada
    • Mexico
  • Europe
    • Germany
    • UK
    • Italy
    • France
    • Spain
    • Rest of Europe
  • Asia Pacific
    • Japan
    • China
    • India
    • Australia
    • New Zealand
    • South Korea
    • Rest of Asia Pacific
  • South America
    • Argentina
    • Brazil
    • Chile
    • Rest of South America
  • Middle East & Africa
    • Saudi Arabia
    • UAE
    • Qatar
    • South Africa
    • Rest of Middle East & Africa

What our report offers:

  • Market share assessments for the regional and country-level segments
  • Strategic recommendations for the new entrants
  • Covers Market data for the years 2024, 2025, 2026, 2028, and 2032
  • Market Trends (Drivers, Constraints, Opportunities, Threats, Challenges, Investment Opportunities, and recommendations)
  • Strategic recommendations in key business segments based on the market estimations
  • Competitive landscaping mapping the key common trends
  • Company profiling with detailed strategies, financials, and recent developments
  • Supply chain trends mapping the latest technological advancements

Free Customization Offerings:

All the customers of this report will be entitled to receive one of the following free customization options:

  • Company Profiling
    • Comprehensive profiling of additional market players (up to 3)
    • SWOT Analysis of key players (up to 3)
  • Regional Segmentation
    • Market estimations, Forecasts and CAGR of any prominent country as per the client's interest (Note: Depends on feasibility check)
  • Competitive Benchmarking
    • Benchmarking of key players based on product portfolio, geographical presence, and strategic alliances

Table of Contents

1 Executive Summary

2 Preface

  • 2.1 Abstract
  • 2.2 Stake Holders
  • 2.3 Research Scope
  • 2.4 Research Methodology
    • 2.4.1 Data Mining
    • 2.4.2 Data Analysis
    • 2.4.3 Data Validation
    • 2.4.4 Research Approach
  • 2.5 Research Sources
    • 2.5.1 Primary Research Sources
    • 2.5.2 Secondary Research Sources
    • 2.5.3 Assumptions

3 Market Trend Analysis

  • 3.1 Introduction
  • 3.2 Drivers
  • 3.3 Restraints
  • 3.4 Opportunities
  • 3.5 Threats
  • 3.6 Application Analysis
  • 3.7 End User Analysis
  • 3.8 Emerging Markets
  • 3.9 Impact of Covid-19

4 Porters Five Force Analysis

  • 4.1 Bargaining power of suppliers
  • 4.2 Bargaining power of buyers
  • 4.3 Threat of substitutes
  • 4.4 Threat of new entrants
  • 4.5 Competitive rivalry

5 Global Bio-LNG Market, By Source Type

  • 5.1 Introduction
  • 5.2 Agricultural Waste
  • 5.3 Animal Manure
  • 5.4 Food Waste
  • 5.5 Industrial Organic Waste
  • 5.6 Sewage Sludge
  • 5.7 Energy Crops
  • 5.8 Other Source Types

6 Global Bio-LNG Market, By Production Process

  • 6.1 Introduction
  • 6.2 Anaerobic Digestion (AD)
  • 6.3 Biogas Upgrading & Liquefaction
  • 6.4 Thermal Gasification

7 Global Bio-LNG Market, By Distribution Mode

  • 7.1 Introduction
  • 7.2 On-Site Liquefaction & Use
  • 7.3 Off-Site Liquefaction with Road Tanker Transport
  • 7.4 Pipeline Injection (as biomethane before liquefaction)
  • 7.5 LNG Refueling Stations

8 Global Bio-LNG Market, By Application

  • 8.1 Introduction
  • 8.2 Transportation Fuel
  • 8.3 Power Generation
  • 8.4 Industrial Processes
  • 8.5 Residential Heating
  • 8.6 Blending with Conventional LNG

9 Global Bio-LNG Market, By End User

  • 9.1 Introduction
  • 9.2 Marine & Shipping
  • 9.3 Energy & Utilities
  • 9.4 Agriculture
  • 9.5 Industrial Manufacturing
  • 9.6 Residential & Commercial
  • 9.7 Other End Users

10 Global Bio-LNG Market, By Geography

  • 10.1 Introduction
  • 10.2 North America
    • 10.2.1 US
    • 10.2.2 Canada
    • 10.2.3 Mexico
  • 10.3 Europe
    • 10.3.1 Germany
    • 10.3.2 UK
    • 10.3.3 Italy
    • 10.3.4 France
    • 10.3.5 Spain
    • 10.3.6 Rest of Europe
  • 10.4 Asia Pacific
    • 10.4.1 Japan
    • 10.4.2 China
    • 10.4.3 India
    • 10.4.4 Australia
    • 10.4.5 New Zealand
    • 10.4.6 South Korea
    • 10.4.7 Rest of Asia Pacific
  • 10.5 South America
    • 10.5.1 Argentina
    • 10.5.2 Brazil
    • 10.5.3 Chile
    • 10.5.4 Rest of South America
  • 10.6 Middle East & Africa
    • 10.6.1 Saudi Arabia
    • 10.6.2 UAE
    • 10.6.3 Qatar
    • 10.6.4 South Africa
    • 10.6.5 Rest of Middle East & Africa

11 Key Developments

  • 11.1 Agreements, Partnerships, Collaborations and Joint Ventures
  • 11.2 Acquisitions & Mergers
  • 11.3 New Product Launch
  • 11.4 Expansions
  • 11.5 Other Key Strategies

12 Company Profiling

  • 12.1 Wartsila Corporation
  • 12.2 Verbund AG
  • 12.3 Verbio Vereinigte BioEnergie AG
  • 12.4 Veolia Environnement S.A.
  • 12.5 TotalEnergies SE
  • 12.6 Shell plc
  • 12.7 Scandinavian Biogas Fuels International AB
  • 12.8 Nature Energy Biogas A/S
  • 12.9 Linde plc
  • 12.10 Hitachi Zosen Inova AG
  • 12.11 Gasum Oy
  • 12.12 Everfuel A/S
  • 12.13 EnviTec Biogas AG
  • 12.14 Engie SA
  • 12.15 Clean Energy Fuels Corp.
  • 12.16 Bioenergy DevCo
  • 12.17 Archaea Energy Inc.
  • 12.18 Air Liquide
  • 12.19 Aemetis, Inc.

List of Tables

  • Table 1 Global Bio-LNG Market Outlook, By Region (2024-2032) ($MN)
  • Table 2 Global Bio-LNG Market Outlook, By Source Type (2024-2032) ($MN)
  • Table 3 Global Bio-LNG Market Outlook, By Agricultural Waste (2024-2032) ($MN)
  • Table 4 Global Bio-LNG Market Outlook, By Animal Manure (2024-2032) ($MN)
  • Table 5 Global Bio-LNG Market Outlook, By Food Waste (2024-2032) ($MN)
  • Table 6 Global Bio-LNG Market Outlook, By Industrial Organic Waste (2024-2032) ($MN)
  • Table 7 Global Bio-LNG Market Outlook, By Sewage Sludge (2024-2032) ($MN)
  • Table 8 Global Bio-LNG Market Outlook, By Energy Crops (2024-2032) ($MN)
  • Table 9 Global Bio-LNG Market Outlook, By Other Source Types (2024-2032) ($MN)
  • Table 10 Global Bio-LNG Market Outlook, By Production Process (2024-2032) ($MN)
  • Table 11 Global Bio-LNG Market Outlook, By Anaerobic Digestion (AD) (2024-2032) ($MN)
  • Table 12 Global Bio-LNG Market Outlook, By Biogas Upgrading & Liquefaction (2024-2032) ($MN)
  • Table 13 Global Bio-LNG Market Outlook, By Thermal Gasification (2024-2032) ($MN)
  • Table 14 Global Bio-LNG Market Outlook, By Distribution Mode (2024-2032) ($MN)
  • Table 15 Global Bio-LNG Market Outlook, By On-Site Liquefaction & Use (2024-2032) ($MN)
  • Table 16 Global Bio-LNG Market Outlook, By Off-Site Liquefaction with Road Tanker Transport (2024-2032) ($MN)
  • Table 17 Global Bio-LNG Market Outlook, By Pipeline Injection (as biomethane before liquefaction) (2024-2032) ($MN)
  • Table 18 Global Bio-LNG Market Outlook, By LNG Refueling Stations (2024-2032) ($MN)
  • Table 19 Global Bio-LNG Market Outlook, By Application (2024-2032) ($MN)
  • Table 20 Global Bio-LNG Market Outlook, By Transportation Fuel (2024-2032) ($MN)
  • Table 21 Global Bio-LNG Market Outlook, By Power Generation (2024-2032) ($MN)
  • Table 22 Global Bio-LNG Market Outlook, By Industrial Processes (2024-2032) ($MN)
  • Table 23 Global Bio-LNG Market Outlook, By Residential Heating (2024-2032) ($MN)
  • Table 24 Global Bio-LNG Market Outlook, By Blending with Conventional LNG (2024-2032) ($MN)
  • Table 25 Global Bio-LNG Market Outlook, By End User (2024-2032) ($MN)
  • Table 26 Global Bio-LNG Market Outlook, By Marine & Shipping (2024-2032) ($MN)
  • Table 27 Global Bio-LNG Market Outlook, By Energy & Utilities (2024-2032) ($MN)
  • Table 28 Global Bio-LNG Market Outlook, By Agriculture (2024-2032) ($MN)
  • Table 29 Global Bio-LNG Market Outlook, By Industrial Manufacturing (2024-2032) ($MN)
  • Table 30 Global Bio-LNG Market Outlook, By Residential & Commercial (2024-2032) ($MN)
  • Table 31 Global Bio-LNG Market Outlook, By Other End Users (2024-2032) ($MN)

Note: Tables for North America, Europe, APAC, South America, and Middle East & Africa Regions are also represented in the same manner as above.