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市场调查报告书
商品编码
1833562

2032年生物基复合材料市场预测：按产品、树脂类型、增强材料类型、应用和地区进行的全球分析

Bio-based Composites Market Forecasts to 2032 - Global Analysis By Product (Laminates, Molded Components, Pultruded Profiles, Fibers & Fabrics and Sheets & Panels), Resin Type, Reinforcement Type, Application and By Geography
出版日期: | 出版商: Stratistics Market Research Consulting | 英文 200+ Pages | 商品交期: 2-3个工作天内

价格

根据 Stratistics MRC 的数据，全球生物基复合材料市场预计在 2025 年达到 70.6 亿美元，到 2032 年将达到 132.4 亿美元，预测期内的复合年增长率为 9.4%。

生物基复合材料是一种将天然纤维或生物衍生聚合物与基质材料结合的先进材料，通常用于增强机械强度、耐久性和永续性。与传统的石油基塑胶复合材料不同，生物基复合材料利用可再生资源，例如植物纤维（例如亚麻、大麻和黄麻）和可生物降解树脂。它们具有环保优势，包括减少二氧化碳排放、降低消费量和提高可回收性，同时保持理想的结构性能。生物基复合材料广泛应用于汽车、建筑、包装和消费品领域，代表着现代工业向更环保、更永续的材料解决方案的转变。

环境永续性和监管支持

更严格的排放法规和循环经济政策正在加速向可再生和可生物降解材料的转变。植物来源纤维、再生聚合物和低影响树脂的整合正在推动其在工业应用中的广泛应用。製造商正在投资生命週期优化的模式，以满足不断变化的环境标准。公共和私营部门推动绿色采购的措施正在推动市场扩张。这些动态预计将显着推动生物基复合材料市场的发展。

原料供应有限

季节性变化、地理集中度以及天然纤维品质的不一致降低了供应链的可靠性。加工挑战和对水分的敏感性阻碍了其达到最佳性能。製造商在采购用于工业规模部署的批量和标准化投入方面面临障碍。来自食品和纺织业对农业原料的竞争进一步限制了其取得管道。这些限制因素预计将限制生物基复合材料市场的发展。

消费者对绿色产品的需求不断增加

对永续包装、家具和汽车内装的偏好正在加速可再生材料的采用。生态标章、碳中和品牌以及与ESG报告的整合正在提升市场认知。零售商和原始设备製造商正在扩大生物复合材料的使用，以实现其永续性目标。混合材料形式和性能增强天然纤维的创新正在推动产品差异化。这些趋势预计将显着推动生物基复合材料市场的发展。

市场认知度与接受度

对耐久性、成本和可回收性的误解正在损害消费者和组织的信任。缺乏标准化认证和性能基准限制采购决策。教育相关人员并使其期望与传统材料保持一致是一项挑战。来自合成替代品的竞争压力正在减缓成本敏感型应用的转型。这些限制因素预计将阻碍生物基复合材料市场的发展。

COVID-19的影响：

新冠疫情扰乱了供应链，减缓了生物基复合材料在建筑和汽车产业的应用。製造业和物流业的停工使得取得天然纤维投入和加工能力的管道更加困难。由于人们重新关注健康、安全和环境韧性，疫情后对永续材料的需求有所反弹。远距办公趋势和绿建筑倡议加速了其在家具和室内装饰领域的应用。数位采购平台和本地生产模式正在促进供应链的復苏。这些转变预计将推动生物基复合材料市场的发展。

预计在预测期内，层压板市场将占据最大份额

由于环境永续性和监管支援正在推动对耐用和可再生表面材料的需求，预计层压板细分市场将在预测期内占据最大的市场份额。家具、地板材料和墙板等应用正在加速生物基层压板在住宅和商业空间中的使用。它们与再生树脂和天然纤维增强材料的结合提高了性能和美观的多样性。製造商正在投资防潮和低排放的规格，以满足室内空气品质标准。模组化建筑和预製内饰的成长正在推动该细分市场的扩充性。预计该细分市场将显着推动生物基复合材料市场的发展。

预计建筑和建筑业在预测期内将见证最高的复合年增长率。

预计建筑业将在预测期内实现最高成长率，推动生物基材料在基础设施中的应用。生物基材料在隔热材料、覆层、地板和结构板方面的应用正在加速其在绿建筑中的应用。 LEED认证、碳中和设计以及与循环建筑模式的融合正在推动机构对生物基材料的采用。政府支持的住房计划和城市更新计划正在推动对可再生替代品的需求。製造商正在优化复合材料的防火性、承重性和热性能。预计该产业将推动生物基复合材料市场的发展。

占比最大的地区：

由于强大的法律规范和消费者对永续材料的偏好，预计欧洲地区将在预测期内占据最大的市场份额。欧盟关于减少废弃物、可再生资源采购和产品标籤的指令正在加速各行各业的采用。德国、法国和北欧国家正在扩大生物复合材料在汽车、包装和建筑领域的应用。纤维加工和树脂化学领域的区域创新正在推动产品多样化。官民合作关係和绿色采购政策正在推动机构需求。

复合年增长率最高的地区：

在预测期内，受环保意识增强和工业能力提升的推动，亚太地区预计将实现最高的复合年增长率。中国、印度、日本和东南亚正在加速在包装、消费品和基础设施领域采用生物复合材料。政府对永续製造和可再生材料的激励措施正在推动市场成长。本地可用的农业原料和低成本劳动力使生产扩充性。区域性对绿色建筑和汽车创新的投资正在推动需求。

免费客製化服务：

此报告的订阅者可以使用以下免费自订选项之一：

  • 公司简介
    • 对最多三家其他市场公司进行全面分析
    • 主要企业的SWOT分析（最多3家公司）
  • 区域细分
    • 根据客户兴趣对主要国家进行的市场估计、预测和复合年增长率（註：基于可行性检查）
  • 竞争基准化分析
    • 根据产品系列、地理分布和策略联盟对主要企业基准化分析

目录

第一章执行摘要

第二章 前言

  • 概述
  • 相关利益者
  • 调查范围
  • 调查方法
    • 资料探勘
    • 数据分析
    • 数据检验
    • 研究途径
  • 研究材料
    • 主要研究资料
    • 次级研究资讯来源
    • 先决条件

第三章市场走势分析

  • 驱动程式
  • 抑制因素
  • 机会
  • 威胁
  • 产品分析
  • 应用分析
  • 新兴市场
  • COVID-19的影响

第四章 波特五力分析

  • 供应商的议价能力
  • 买方的议价能力
  • 替代品的威胁
  • 新进入者的威胁
  • 竞争对手之间的竞争

5. 全球生物基复合材料市场（按产品）

  • 层压板
  • 模製件
  • 板材和麵板
  • 拉挤型材
  • 纤维和纺织品

6. 全球生物基复合材料市场（依树脂类型）

  • 生物基环氧树脂
  • 生物基聚酯
  • 生物基乙烯基酯
  • PLA（聚乳酸）复合材料
  • 其他树脂类型

7. 全球生物基复合材料市场（依增强材料类型）

  • 天然纤维
    • 亚麻
    • 麻
    • 黄麻
    • 红麻
    • 竹子
  • 生物基填料
    • 淀粉
    • 木质素
    • 纤维素

8. 全球生物基复合材料市场（依应用）

  • 汽车和运输
  • 建筑/建筑
  • 消费品/包装
  • 电气和电子
  • 航太/国防
  • 运动休閒
  • 海洋
  • 其他用途

9. 全球生物基复合材料市场（按地区）

  • 北美洲
    • 美国
    • 加拿大
    • 墨西哥
  • 欧洲
    • 德国
    • 英国
    • 义大利
    • 法国
    • 西班牙
    • 其他欧洲国家
  • 亚太地区
    • 日本
    • 中国
    • 印度
    • 澳洲
    • 纽西兰
    • 韩国
    • 其他亚太地区
  • 南美洲
    • 阿根廷
    • 巴西
    • 智利
    • 其他南美
  • 中东和非洲
    • 沙乌地阿拉伯
    • 阿拉伯聯合大公国
    • 卡达
    • 南非
    • 其他中东和非洲地区

第十章：重大进展

  • 协议、伙伴关係、合作和合资企业
  • 收购与合併
  • 新产品发布
  • 业务扩展
  • 其他关键策略

第十一章 公司概况

  • FlexForm Technologies
  • UPM-Kymmene Corporation
  • Trex Company, Inc.
  • Green Dot Bioplastics
  • Tecnaro GmbH
  • Lingrove, Inc.
  • BASF SE
  • NatureWorks LLC
  • HempFlax Group BV
  • Biome Bioplastics Ltd.
  • Ecovative Design LLC
  • Bcomp Ltd.
  • Covestro AG
  • Toray Industries, Inc.
Product Code: SMRC31395

According to Stratistics MRC, the Global Bio-based Composites Market is accounted for $7.06 billion in 2025 and is expected to reach $13.24 billion by 2032 growing at a CAGR of 9.4% during the forecast period. Bio-based composites are advanced materials composed of natural fibers or bio-derived polymers combined with a matrix material, typically to enhance mechanical strength, durability, and sustainability. Unlike conventional composites made from petroleum-based plastics, bio-based composites utilize renewable resources such as plant fibers (e.g., flax, hemp, jute) or biodegradable resins. They offer environmental benefits, including reduced carbon footprint, lower energy consumption, and improved recyclability, while maintaining desirable structural properties. Widely used in automotive, construction, packaging, and consumer goods, bio-based composites represent a shift toward greener, more sustainable material solutions for modern industries.

Market Dynamics:

Driver:

Environmental sustainability and regulatory support

Stricter emissions mandates and circular economy policies are accelerating the shift toward renewable and biodegradable materials. Integration with plant-based fibers, recycled polymers, and low-impact resins is fostering adoption across industrial applications. Manufacturers are investing in lifecycle-optimized formats to meet evolving environmental standards. Public and private initiatives promoting green procurement are propelling market expansion. These dynamics are expected to significantly boost the bio-based composites market.

Restraint:

Limited availability of raw materials

Seasonal variability, geographic concentration, and inconsistent quality of natural fibers are degrading supply chain reliability. Processing challenges and moisture sensitivity are constraining performance optimization. Manufacturers face barriers in sourcing high-volume, standardized inputs for industrial-scale deployment. Competition with food and textile sectors for agricultural feedstock is further limiting access. These limitations are expected to constrain the bio-based composites market.

Opportunity:

Rising consumer demand for green products

Preference for sustainable packaging, furniture, and automotive interiors is accelerating adoption of renewable materials. Integration with eco-labeling, carbon-neutral branding, and ESG reporting is fostering market visibility. Retailers and OEMs are scaling use of bio-composites to meet sustainability targets. Innovation in hybrid formats and performance-enhanced natural fibers is propelling product differentiation. These trends are expected to significantly boost the bio-based composites market.

Threat:

Market awareness and acceptance

Misconceptions around durability, cost, and recyclability are degrading consumer and institutional confidence. Lack of standardized certifications and performance benchmarks is constraining procurement decisions. Manufacturers face challenges in educating stakeholders and aligning with conventional material expectations. Competitive pressure from synthetic alternatives is slowing transition in cost-sensitive applications. Such constraints are expected to hinder the bio-based composites market.

Covid-19 Impact:

The Covid-19 pandemic disrupted supply chains and delayed adoption of bio-based composites across construction and automotive sectors. Shutdowns in manufacturing and logistics degraded access to natural fiber inputs and processing capacity. Demand for sustainable materials rebounded post-pandemic due to renewed focus on health, safety, and environmental resilience. Remote work trends and green building initiatives are accelerating use in furniture and interior applications. Digital sourcing platforms and localized production models are fostering supply chain recovery. These shifts are expected to propel the bio-based composites market.

The Laminates segment is expected to be the largest during the forecast period

The Laminates segment is expected to account for the largest market share during the forecast period due to environmental sustainability and regulatory support driving demand for durable, renewable surface materials. Applications in furniture, flooring, and wall panels are accelerating use of bio-based laminates across residential and commercial spaces. Integration with recycled resins and natural fiber reinforcements is fostering performance and aesthetic versatility. Manufacturers are investing in moisture-resistant, low-emission formats to meet indoor air quality standards. Growth in modular construction and prefabricated interiors is boosting segment scalability. This segment is expected to significantly boost the bio-based composites market.

The construction & building segment is expected to have the highest CAGR during the forecast period

Over the forecast period, the construction & building segment is predicted to witness the highest growth rate drive adoption of bio-based materials in infrastructure. Applications in insulation, cladding, decking, and structural panels are accelerating use across green buildings. Integration with LEED certification, carbon-neutral design, and circular construction models is fostering institutional uptake. Government-backed housing programs and urban renewal initiatives are propelling demand for renewable alternatives. Manufacturers are optimizing composites for fire resistance, load-bearing capacity, and thermal performance. This segment is expected to propel the bio-based composites market.

Region with largest share:

During the forecast period, the Europe region is expected to hold the largest market share , driven by strong regulatory frameworks and consumer preference for sustainable materials. EU directives on waste reduction, renewable sourcing, and product labeling are accelerating adoption across industries. Germany, France, and the Nordics are scaling use of bio-composites in automotive, packaging, and construction. Regional innovation in fiber processing and resin chemistry is fostering product diversification. Public-private partnerships and green procurement policies are boosting institutional demand.

Region with highest CAGR:

Over the forecast period, the Asia Pacific region is anticipated to exhibit the highest CAGR, propelled by rising environmental awareness and expanding industrial capacity. China, India, Japan, and Southeast Asia are accelerating adoption of bio-composites in packaging, consumer goods, and infrastructure. Government incentives for sustainable manufacturing and renewable materials are fostering market growth. Local availability of agricultural feedstock and low-cost labour is boosting production scalability. Regional investment in green construction and automotive innovation is propelling demand.

Key players in the market

Some of the key players in Bio-based Composites Market include FlexForm Technologies, UPM-Kymmene Corporation, Trex Company, Inc., Green Dot Bioplastics, Tecnaro GmbH, Lingrove, Inc., BASF SE, NatureWorks LLC, HempFlax Group B.V., Biome Bioplastics Ltd., Ecovative Design LLC, Bcomp Ltd., Covestro AG and Toray Industries, Inc.

Key Developments:

In August 2025, Trex Company, Inc. broadened its partnership with International Wood Products (IWP) by exclusively stocking Trex decking and railing products at all six of IWP's distribution centers in the Western U.S., including a new facility in Salt Lake City, Utah. This expansion enhances Trex's reach in the Intermountain West region, supporting the growing demand for sustainable outdoor living solutions.

In May 2024, UPM announced a partnership with Artigo to supply UPM BioMotion(TM) renewable functional fillers for next-generation rubber flooring. This collaboration aims to enhance the sustainability and performance of flooring materials in commercial and institutional settings.

Products Covered:

  • Laminates
  • Molded Components
  • Sheets & Panels
  • Pultruded Profiles
  • Fibers & Fabrics

Resin Types Covered:

  • Bio-based Epoxy
  • Bio-based Polyester
  • Bio-based Vinyl Ester
  • PLA (Polylactic Acid) Composites
  • Other Resin Types

Reinforcement Types Covered:

  • Natural Fibers
  • Bio-based Fillers

Applications Covered:

  • Automotive & Transportation
  • Construction & Building
  • Consumer Goods & Packaging
  • Electrical & Electronics
  • Aerospace & Defense
  • Sports & Leisure
  • Marine
  • Other Applications

Regions Covered:

  • North America
    • US
    • Canada
    • Mexico
  • Europe
    • Germany
    • UK
    • Italy
    • France
    • Spain
    • Rest of Europe
  • Asia Pacific
    • Japan
    • China
    • India
    • Australia
    • New Zealand
    • South Korea
    • Rest of Asia Pacific
  • South America
    • Argentina
    • Brazil
    • Chile
    • Rest of South America
  • Middle East & Africa
    • Saudi Arabia
    • UAE
    • Qatar
    • South Africa
    • Rest of Middle East & Africa

What our report offers:

  • Market share assessments for the regional and country-level segments
  • Strategic recommendations for the new entrants
  • Covers Market data for the years 2024, 2025, 2026, 2028, and 2032
  • Market Trends (Drivers, Constraints, Opportunities, Threats, Challenges, Investment Opportunities, and recommendations)
  • Strategic recommendations in key business segments based on the market estimations
  • Competitive landscaping mapping the key common trends
  • Company profiling with detailed strategies, financials, and recent developments
  • Supply chain trends mapping the latest technological advancements

Free Customization Offerings:

All the customers of this report will be entitled to receive one of the following free customization options:

  • Company Profiling
    • Comprehensive profiling of additional market players (up to 3)
    • SWOT Analysis of key players (up to 3)
  • Regional Segmentation
    • Market estimations, Forecasts and CAGR of any prominent country as per the client's interest (Note: Depends on feasibility check)
  • Competitive Benchmarking
    • Benchmarking of key players based on product portfolio, geographical presence, and strategic alliances

Table of Contents

1 Executive Summary

2 Preface

  • 2.1 Abstract
  • 2.2 Stake Holders
  • 2.3 Research Scope
  • 2.4 Research Methodology
    • 2.4.1 Data Mining
    • 2.4.2 Data Analysis
    • 2.4.3 Data Validation
    • 2.4.4 Research Approach
  • 2.5 Research Sources
    • 2.5.1 Primary Research Sources
    • 2.5.2 Secondary Research Sources
    • 2.5.3 Assumptions

3 Market Trend Analysis

  • 3.1 Introduction
  • 3.2 Drivers
  • 3.3 Restraints
  • 3.4 Opportunities
  • 3.5 Threats
  • 3.6 Product Analysis
  • 3.7 Application Analysis
  • 3.8 Emerging Markets
  • 3.9 Impact of Covid-19

4 Porters Five Force Analysis

  • 4.1 Bargaining power of suppliers
  • 4.2 Bargaining power of buyers
  • 4.3 Threat of substitutes
  • 4.4 Threat of new entrants
  • 4.5 Competitive rivalry

5 Global Bio-based Composites Market, By Product

  • 5.1 Introduction
  • 5.2 Laminates
  • 5.3 Molded Components
  • 5.4 Sheets & Panels
  • 5.5 Pultruded Profiles
  • 5.6 Fibers & Fabrics

6 Global Bio-based Composites Market, By Resin Type

  • 6.1 Introduction
  • 6.2 Bio-based Epoxy
  • 6.3 Bio-based Polyester
  • 6.4 Bio-based Vinyl Ester
  • 6.5 PLA (Polylactic Acid) Composites
  • 6.6 Other Resin Types

7 Global Bio-based Composites Market, By Reinforcement Type

  • 7.1 Introduction
  • 7.2 Natural Fibers
    • 7.2.1 Flax
    • 7.2.2 Hemp
    • 7.2.3 Jute
    • 7.2.4 Kenaf
    • 7.2.5 Bamboo
  • 7.3 Bio-based Fillers
    • 7.3.1 Starch
    • 7.3.2 Lignin
    • 7.3.3 Cellulose

8 Global Bio-based Composites Market, By Application

  • 8.1 Introduction
  • 8.2 Automotive & Transportation
  • 8.3 Construction & Building
  • 8.4 Consumer Goods & Packaging
  • 8.5 Electrical & Electronics
  • 8.6 Aerospace & Defense
  • 8.7 Sports & Leisure
  • 8.8 Marine
  • 8.9 Other Applications

9 Global Bio-based Composites Market, By Geography

  • 9.1 Introduction
  • 9.2 North America
    • 9.2.1 US
    • 9.2.2 Canada
    • 9.2.3 Mexico
  • 9.3 Europe
    • 9.3.1 Germany
    • 9.3.2 UK
    • 9.3.3 Italy
    • 9.3.4 France
    • 9.3.5 Spain
    • 9.3.6 Rest of Europe
  • 9.4 Asia Pacific
    • 9.4.1 Japan
    • 9.4.2 China
    • 9.4.3 India
    • 9.4.4 Australia
    • 9.4.5 New Zealand
    • 9.4.6 South Korea
    • 9.4.7 Rest of Asia Pacific
  • 9.5 South America
    • 9.5.1 Argentina
    • 9.5.2 Brazil
    • 9.5.3 Chile
    • 9.5.4 Rest of South America
  • 9.6 Middle East & Africa
    • 9.6.1 Saudi Arabia
    • 9.6.2 UAE
    • 9.6.3 Qatar
    • 9.6.4 South Africa
    • 9.6.5 Rest of Middle East & Africa

10 Key Developments

  • 10.1 Agreements, Partnerships, Collaborations and Joint Ventures
  • 10.2 Acquisitions & Mergers
  • 10.3 New Product Launch
  • 10.4 Expansions
  • 10.5 Other Key Strategies

11 Company Profiling

  • 11.1 FlexForm Technologies
  • 11.2 UPM-Kymmene Corporation
  • 11.3 Trex Company, Inc.
  • 11.4 Green Dot Bioplastics
  • 11.5 Tecnaro GmbH
  • 11.6 Lingrove, Inc.
  • 11.7 BASF SE
  • 11.8 NatureWorks LLC
  • 11.9 HempFlax Group B.V.
  • 11.10 Biome Bioplastics Ltd.
  • 11.11 Ecovative Design LLC
  • 11.12 Bcomp Ltd.
  • 11.13 Covestro AG
  • 11.14 Toray Industries, Inc.

List of Tables

  • Table 1 Global Bio-based Composites Market Outlook, By Region (2024-2032) ($MN)
  • Table 2 Global Bio-based Composites Market Outlook, By Product (2024-2032) ($MN)
  • Table 3 Global Bio-based Composites Market Outlook, By Laminates (2024-2032) ($MN)
  • Table 4 Global Bio-based Composites Market Outlook, By Molded Components (2024-2032) ($MN)
  • Table 5 Global Bio-based Composites Market Outlook, By Sheets & Panels (2024-2032) ($MN)
  • Table 6 Global Bio-based Composites Market Outlook, By Pultruded Profiles (2024-2032) ($MN)
  • Table 7 Global Bio-based Composites Market Outlook, By Fibers & Fabrics (2024-2032) ($MN)
  • Table 8 Global Bio-based Composites Market Outlook, By Resin Type (2024-2032) ($MN)
  • Table 9 Global Bio-based Composites Market Outlook, By Bio-based Epoxy (2024-2032) ($MN)
  • Table 10 Global Bio-based Composites Market Outlook, By Bio-based Polyester (2024-2032) ($MN)
  • Table 11 Global Bio-based Composites Market Outlook, By Bio-based Vinyl Ester (2024-2032) ($MN)
  • Table 12 Global Bio-based Composites Market Outlook, By PLA (Polylactic Acid) Composites (2024-2032) ($MN)
  • Table 13 Global Bio-based Composites Market Outlook, By Other Resin Types (2024-2032) ($MN)
  • Table 14 Global Bio-based Composites Market Outlook, By Reinforcement Type (2024-2032) ($MN)
  • Table 15 Global Bio-based Composites Market Outlook, By Natural Fibers (2024-2032) ($MN)
  • Table 16 Global Bio-based Composites Market Outlook, By Flax (2024-2032) ($MN)
  • Table 17 Global Bio-based Composites Market Outlook, By Hemp (2024-2032) ($MN)
  • Table 18 Global Bio-based Composites Market Outlook, By Jute (2024-2032) ($MN)
  • Table 19 Global Bio-based Composites Market Outlook, By Kenaf (2024-2032) ($MN)
  • Table 20 Global Bio-based Composites Market Outlook, By Bamboo (2024-2032) ($MN)
  • Table 21 Global Bio-based Composites Market Outlook, By Bio-based Fillers (2024-2032) ($MN)
  • Table 22 Global Bio-based Composites Market Outlook, By Starch (2024-2032) ($MN)
  • Table 23 Global Bio-based Composites Market Outlook, By Lignin (2024-2032) ($MN)
  • Table 24 Global Bio-based Composites Market Outlook, By Cellulose (2024-2032) ($MN)
  • Table 25 Global Bio-based Composites Market Outlook, By Application (2024-2032) ($MN)
  • Table 26 Global Bio-based Composites Market Outlook, By Automotive & Transportation (2024-2032) ($MN)
  • Table 27 Global Bio-based Composites Market Outlook, By Construction & Building (2024-2032) ($MN)
  • Table 28 Global Bio-based Composites Market Outlook, By Consumer Goods & Packaging (2024-2032) ($MN)
  • Table 29 Global Bio-based Composites Market Outlook, By Electrical & Electronics (2024-2032) ($MN)
  • Table 30 Global Bio-based Composites Market Outlook, By Aerospace & Defense (2024-2032) ($MN)
  • Table 31 Global Bio-based Composites Market Outlook, By Sports & Leisure (2024-2032) ($MN)
  • Table 32 Global Bio-based Composites Market Outlook, By Marine (2024-2032) ($MN)
  • Table 33 Global Bio-based Composites Market Outlook, By Other Applications (2024-2032) ($MN)

Note: Tables for North America, Europe, APAC, South America, and Middle East & Africa Regions are also represented in the same manner as above.