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市场调查报告书
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1856888

钙基膨润土市场预测至2032年：依产品形态、等级、功能、通路、应用及地区分類的全球分析

Calcium Bentonite Market Forecasts to 2032 - Global Analysis By Product Form (Powder, Granules, Pellets, Calcined Bentonite, and Other Product Forms), Grade, Function, Distribution Channel, Application and By Geography
出版日期: | 出版商: Stratistics Market Research Consulting | 英文 200+ Pages | 商品交期: 2-3个工作天内

价格

根据 Stratistics MRC 的数据，预计 2025 年全球钙基膨润土市场规模将达到 19 亿美元，到 2032 年将达到 28.2 亿美元，预测期内复合年增长率为 5.8%。

钙基膨润土主要成分为蒙脱石，是一种富含钙离子的天然黏土。它是由火山灰蚀变而成，具有极强的膨胀性和黏附性。其高阳离子交换容量及对水、油及有害物质的有效吸附能力，使其在农业、化妆品、医药、钻井等领域具有很高的应用价值。此外，它还具有增稠、稳定和净化物质的功能，因此适用于多种行业，用途广泛。

在石油和气体纯化不断扩大应用

钙基膨润土在石油和气体纯化的应用日益广泛，显着推动了市场需求。其去除杂质和提高过滤效率的卓越性能使其成为炼製作业的首选材料。炼製製程的技术进步进一步提升了对钙基膨润土等高性能吸附剂的需求。产业合作正在兴起，旨在优化膨润土配方，以适应特定的炼製应用。全球能源消耗的成长和对清洁燃料生产的需求也强化了这个趋势。因此，钙基膨润土正成为各大市场永续炼製方法的重要组成部分。

与替代材料的竞争

合成吸附剂和其他天然黏土等替代材料的存在，对钙基膨润土的市场渗透构成了挑战。这些替代材料通常能以更低的成本或更高的客製化程度提供相近的性能。儘管製造商投入研发以改善膨润土的性能，但竞争依然激烈。监管政策的变化以及消费者对新材料的偏好可能会进一步限制膨润土的普及。替代材料与现有工业流程的整合相对便捷，这增加了它们的吸引力。这种竞争格局持续限制钙基膨润土的成长。

对酸活化黏土的需求不断增长

酸活化钙基膨润土日益受到偏好，为其市场拓展开闢了新的途径。酸活化钙基膨润土具有优异的吸附性能，使其成为精炼、化妆品和製药等行业的理想选择。活化技术的创新不断提升产品的稳定性和性能。其成本效益和多功能性正推动新兴市场对其应用日益广泛。为扩大生产规模以满足不断增长的需求，企业正在建立策略伙伴关係。这些发展为全球钙基膨润土生产商创造了强劲的成长机会。

来自钠基膨润土的激烈竞争

钠基膨润土在多个工业应用领域的统治地位对钙基膨润土的市场份额构成了重大威胁。其优异的膨胀性能和广泛的供应管道使其成为一个强大的竞争对手。建筑和挖掘等行业往往因其性能优势而更倾向于选择钠基膨润土。钙基膨润土生产商正透过产品差异化和精准行销来应对这项挑战。然而，价格竞争力以及稳健的供应链仍然使钠基膨润土保持优势。

新冠疫情的影响：

新冠疫情扰乱了多个地区的钙基膨润土供应链，导致生产计画延误。然而，这场危机也凸显了膨润土在卫生用品和药品配方中的效用。个人护理和健康相关应用需求的成长在一定程度上抵消了工业生产放缓的影响。製造商加快了自动化数位化进程，以稳定营运。疫情后的復苏重新激发了人们对基于膨润土的永续製造解决方案的兴趣。总而言之，疫情凸显了钙基膨润土在各领域的脆弱性和战略重要性。

预计在预测期内，粉末产品细分市场将占据最大份额。

由于粉末产品易于操作、粒径稳定且吸附性能优异，预计在预测期内将占据最大的市场份额，使其在各行业都备受青睐。化妆品、製药和石油炼製等应用领域尤其推动了这一偏好。研磨和精炼技术的进步提升了产品品质。散装包装和分销效率的提高也进一步促进了其普及。

预计在预测期内，化妆品和个人护理用品领域将实现最高的复合年增长率。

预计在预测期内，化妆品和个人护理品领域将达到最高成长率。消费者对天然成分和矿物护肤品的认知度不断提高，推动了市场需求。钙基膨润土具有排毒和去角质的功效，使其成为面膜、洁面乳和磨砂膏等产品的热门成分。围绕着「清洁美容」趋势的产品创新和行销正在加速其普及。製造商正在拓展产品线，将膨润土配方纳入其中。

占比最高的地区：

预计亚太地区将在预测期内占据最大的市场份额，这主要得益于快速的工业化进程以及对精製和个人保健产品日益增长的需求。中国、印度和日本等国正在投资膨润土的加工和应用技术。政府对永续材料和在地采购的支持正在推动该地区的生产。精炼和活化技术的进步也使产品更具竞争力。

复合年增长率最高的地区：

预计在预测期内，北美将实现最高的复合年增长率，这主要得益于化妆品、药品和环保应用领域的强劲需求。技术创新和对天然成分的监管支持正在推动市场扩张。研究机构和製造商正携手合作，开发高性能膨润土产品。对永续采购和产品透明度的日益重视正在影响消费行为。

免费客製化服务：

订阅本报告的用户可享有以下免费客製化服务之一：

  • 公司简介
    • 对至多三家其他市场公司进行全面分析
    • 对主要企业进行SWOT分析（最多3家公司）
  • 区域细分
    • 根据客户兴趣对主要国家进行市场估算、预测和复合年增长率分析（註：基于可行性检查）
  • 竞争基准化分析
    • 基于产品系列、地域覆盖和策略联盟对主要企业基准化分析

目录

第一章执行摘要

第二章 前言

  • 概述
  • 相关利益者
  • 调查范围
  • 调查方法
    • 资料探勘
    • 数据分析
    • 数据检验
    • 研究途径
  • 研究资讯来源
    • 初级研究资讯来源
    • 次级研究资讯来源
    • 先决条件

第三章 市场趋势分析

  • 司机
  • 抑制因素
  • 机会
  • 威胁
  • 应用分析
  • 新兴市场
  • 新冠疫情的影响

第四章 波特五力分析

  • 供应商的议价能力
  • 买方的议价能力
  • 替代品的威胁
  • 新进入者的威胁
  • 竞争对手之间的竞争

5. 全球钙基膨润土市场（依产品类型划分）

  • 粉末
  • 颗粒
  • 颗粒
  • 煅烧膨润土
  • 其他产品形式

6. 全球钙基膨润土市场（依等级划分）

  • 工业级
  • 医药级
  • 化妆品级
  • 食品级

7. 全球钙基膨润土市场依功能划分

  • 活页夹
  • 吸附剂
  • 流变改质剂
  • 净化剂

8. 全球钙基膨润土市场依通路划分

  • 直销（B2B）
  • 分销商和经销商
  • 线上零售

9. 全球钙基膨润土市场（按应用领域划分）

  • 石油和天然气钻探
  • 纸和颜料
  • 铸造厂
  • 製药
  • 猫砂
  • 化妆品和个人护理
  • 建筑与土木工程
  • 农业
  • 水处理
  • 其他用途

第十章 全球钙基膨润土市场（依地区分）

  • 北美洲
    • 美国
    • 加拿大
    • 墨西哥
  • 欧洲
    • 德国
    • 英国
    • 义大利
    • 法国
    • 西班牙
    • 其他欧洲
  • 亚太地区
    • 日本
    • 中国
    • 印度
    • 澳洲
    • 纽西兰
    • 韩国
    • 亚太其他地区
  • 南美洲
    • 阿根廷
    • 巴西
    • 智利
    • 其他南美洲
  • 中东和非洲
    • 沙乌地阿拉伯
    • 阿拉伯聯合大公国
    • 卡达
    • 南非
    • 其他中东和非洲地区

第十一章 重大进展

  • 协议、伙伴关係、合作和合资企业
  • 收购与併购
  • 新产品上市
  • 业务拓展
  • 其他关键策略

第十二章 企业概况

  • Imerys
  • Bentonite Company LLC
  • Minerals Technologies Inc.
  • Laviosa Minerals SpA
  • Tolsa Group
  • CMS Industries
  • Ashapura Minechem
  • Fenghong New Material Co., Ltd.
  • Wyo-Ben, Inc.
  • Taiko Group
  • Bentonite Performance Minerals LLC
  • Kunimine Industries Co., Ltd.
  • Black Hills Bentonite LLC
  • Fullertone Minechem Pvt. Ltd.
  • Weifang Huawei Bentonite Group Co., Ltd.
Product Code: SMRC31760

According to Stratistics MRC, the Global Calcium Bentonite Market is accounted for $1.90 billion in 2025 and is expected to reach $2.82 billion by 2032 growing at a CAGR of 5.8% during the forecast period. Calcium Bentonite is naturally formed clay, mainly consisting of montmorillonite, with a significant presence of calcium ions. Created through the alteration of volcanic ash, it possesses strong swelling and adhesive characteristics. With a high capacity to exchange cations, it effectively absorbs water, oils, and harmful substances, which is valuable in sectors like agriculture, cosmetics, pharmaceuticals, and drilling. Its capacity to thicken, stabilize, and purify materials renders it an adaptable and widely used material across various industries.

Market Dynamics:

Driver:

Growing adoption in oil & gas refining

The increasing use of calcium bentonite in oil and gas refining is significantly boosting market demand. Its effectiveness in removing impurities and enhancing filtration efficiency makes it a preferred choice in refining operations. Technological advancements in refining processes are further amplifying the need for high-performance absorbents like calcium bentonite. Industry collaborations are emerging to optimize bentonite formulations for specific refining applications. The trend is reinforced by rising global energy consumption and the need for cleaner fuel production. As a result, calcium bentonite is becoming integral to sustainable refining practices across major markets.

Restraint:

Competition from substitute materials

The presence of alternative materials such as synthetic absorbents and other natural clays poses a challenge to calcium bentonite's market penetration. These substitutes often offer comparable performance at lower costs or with enhanced customization. Manufacturers are investing in R&D to improve bentonite's properties, but the competition remains stiff. Regulatory shifts and customer preferences toward newer materials can further limit bentonite adoption. Integration of substitutes into existing industrial workflows is relatively seamless, adding to their appeal. This competitive landscape continues to act as a restraint on calcium bentonite's growth trajectory.

Opportunity:

Rising demand for acid-activated clay

The growing preference for acid-activated calcium bentonite is opening new avenues for market expansion. This variant offers superior adsorption capabilities, making it ideal for applications in refining, cosmetics, and pharmaceuticals. Innovations in activation techniques are improving product consistency and performance. Emerging markets are witnessing increased adoption due to its cost-effectiveness and versatility. Strategic partnerships are forming to scale production and meet rising demand. These developments are creating a robust growth opportunity for calcium bentonite manufacturers globally.

Threat:

Intense competition from sodium bentonite

Sodium bentonite's dominance in several industrial applications presents a significant threat to calcium bentonite's market share. Its superior swelling capacity and widespread availability make it a strong competitor. Industries such as construction and drilling often favor sodium bentonite for its performance advantages. Manufacturers of calcium bentonite are responding with product differentiation and targeted marketing. However, price competitiveness and entrenched supply chains continue to favor sodium bentonite.

Covid-19 Impact:

The COVID-19 pandemic disrupted supply chains and delayed production schedules for calcium bentonite across multiple regions. However, the crisis also underscored its utility in hygiene products and pharmaceutical formulations. Increased demand for personal care and health-related applications helped partially offset industrial slowdowns. Manufacturers accelerated automation and digital tools to stabilize operations. Post-pandemic recovery is driving renewed interest in bentonite-based solutions for sustainable manufacturing. Overall, the pandemic highlighted both vulnerabilities and strategic importance of calcium bentonite in diverse sectors.

The powder segment is expected to be the largest during the forecast period

The powder segment is expected to account for the largest market share during the forecast period, due to its ease of handling, consistent particle size, and superior adsorption properties make it highly desirable across industries. Applications in cosmetics, pharmaceuticals, and oil refining are particularly driving this preference. Technological improvements in milling and purification are enhancing product quality. Bulk packaging and distribution efficiencies further support its widespread adoption.

The cosmetics & personal care segment is expected to have the highest CAGR during the forecast period

Over the forecast period, the cosmetics & personal care segment is predicted to witness the highest growth rate. Rising consumer awareness of natural and mineral-based skincare products is fueling demand. Calcium bentonite's detoxifying and exfoliating properties make it a popular ingredient in masks, cleansers, and scrubs. Product innovation and marketing around clean beauty trends are accelerating adoption. Manufacturers are expanding their portfolios to include bentonite-based formulations.

Region with largest share:

During the forecast period, the Asia Pacific region is expected to hold the largest market share, due to rapid industrialization and growing demand for refining and personal care products are key drivers. Countries like China, India, and Japan are investing in bentonite processing and application technologies. Government support for sustainable materials and local sourcing is boosting regional production. Advancements in purification and activation techniques are enhancing product competitiveness.

Region with highest CAGR:

Over the forecast period, the North America region is anticipated to exhibit the highest CAGR, due to strong demand from cosmetics, pharmaceuticals, and environmental applications is driving growth. Technological innovation and regulatory support for natural ingredients are accelerating market expansion. Research institutions and manufacturers are collaborating to develop high-performance bentonite products. Increased focus on sustainable sourcing and product transparency is influencing consumer behavior.

Key players in the market

Some of the key players in Calcium Bentonite Market include Imerys, Bentonite Company LLC, Minerals Technologies Inc., Laviosa Minerals SpA, Tolsa Group, CMS Industries, Ashapura Minechem, Fenghong New Material Co., Ltd., Wyo-Ben, Inc., Taiko Group, Bentonite Performance Minerals LLC, Kunimine Industries Co., Ltd., Black Hills Bentonite LLC, Fullertone Minechem Pvt. Ltd., and Weifang Huawei Bentonite Group Co., Ltd.

Key Developments:

In September 2025, Imerys Graphite and Carbon Switzerland Ltd. (IGC), and Shanghai Shanshan New Material Co., Ltd., announced a strategic partnership to produce high-performance synthetic graphite anode materials in Europe, a critical component for the continent's growing electric vehicle (EV) and energy storage sectors.

In September 2025, Consumers Energy announced it has signed a purchase agreement to sell its 13 hydroelectric dams along five Michigan rivers to Confluence Hydro, an affiliate of Hull Street Energy, LLC. The decision will reduce long-term costs for Consumers Energy customers, ensure the dams will continue to operate safely and provide economic and recreational benefits for nearby communities.

Product Forms Covered:

  • Powder
  • Granules
  • Pellets
  • Calcined Bentonite
  • Other Product Forms

Grades Covered:

  • Industrial Grade
  • Pharmaceutical Grade
  • Cosmetic Grade
  • Food Grade

Functions Covered:

  • Binder
  • Adsorbent
  • Rheology Modifier
  • Purification Agent

Distribution Channels Covered:

  • Direct Sales (B2B)
  • Distributors & Dealers
  • Online Retail

Applications Covered:

  • Oil & Gas Drilling
  • Paper & Paints
  • Foundry
  • Pharmaceuticals
  • Cat Litter
  • Cosmetics & Personal Care
  • Construction & Civil Engineering
  • Agriculture
  • Water Treatment
  • Other Applications

Regions Covered:

  • North America
    • US
    • Canada
    • Mexico
  • Europe
    • Germany
    • UK
    • Italy
    • France
    • Spain
    • Rest of Europe
  • Asia Pacific
    • Japan
    • China
    • India
    • Australia
    • New Zealand
    • South Korea
    • Rest of Asia Pacific
  • South America
    • Argentina
    • Brazil
    • Chile
    • Rest of South America
  • Middle East & Africa
    • Saudi Arabia
    • UAE
    • Qatar
    • South Africa
    • Rest of Middle East & Africa

What our report offers:

  • Market share assessments for the regional and country-level segments
  • Strategic recommendations for the new entrants
  • Covers Market data for the years 2024, 2025, 2026, 2028, and 2032
  • Market Trends (Drivers, Constraints, Opportunities, Threats, Challenges, Investment Opportunities, and recommendations)
  • Strategic recommendations in key business segments based on the market estimations
  • Competitive landscaping mapping the key common trends
  • Company profiling with detailed strategies, financials, and recent developments
  • Supply chain trends mapping the latest technological advancements

Free Customization Offerings:

All the customers of this report will be entitled to receive one of the following free customization options:

  • Company Profiling
    • Comprehensive profiling of additional market players (up to 3)
    • SWOT Analysis of key players (up to 3)
  • Regional Segmentation
    • Market estimations, Forecasts and CAGR of any prominent country as per the client's interest (Note: Depends on feasibility check)
  • Competitive Benchmarking
    • Benchmarking of key players based on product portfolio, geographical presence, and strategic alliances

Table of Contents

1 Executive Summary

2 Preface

  • 2.1 Abstract
  • 2.2 Stake Holders
  • 2.3 Research Scope
  • 2.4 Research Methodology
    • 2.4.1 Data Mining
    • 2.4.2 Data Analysis
    • 2.4.3 Data Validation
    • 2.4.4 Research Approach
  • 2.5 Research Sources
    • 2.5.1 Primary Research Sources
    • 2.5.2 Secondary Research Sources
    • 2.5.3 Assumptions

3 Market Trend Analysis

  • 3.1 Introduction
  • 3.2 Drivers
  • 3.3 Restraints
  • 3.4 Opportunities
  • 3.5 Threats
  • 3.6 Application Analysis
  • 3.7 Emerging Markets
  • 3.8 Impact of Covid-19

4 Porters Five Force Analysis

  • 4.1 Bargaining power of suppliers
  • 4.2 Bargaining power of buyers
  • 4.3 Threat of substitutes
  • 4.4 Threat of new entrants
  • 4.5 Competitive rivalry

5 Global Calcium Bentonite Market, By Product Form

  • 5.1 Introduction
  • 5.2 Powder
  • 5.3 Granules
  • 5.4 Pellets
  • 5.5 Calcined Bentonite
  • 5.6 Other Product Forms

6 Global Calcium Bentonite Market, By Grade

  • 6.1 Introduction
  • 6.2 Industrial Grade
  • 6.3 Pharmaceutical Grade
  • 6.4 Cosmetic Grade
  • 6.5 Food Grade

7 Global Calcium Bentonite Market, By Function

  • 7.1 Introduction
  • 7.2 Binder
  • 7.3 Adsorbent
  • 7.4 Rheology Modifier
  • 7.5 Purification Agent

8 Global Calcium Bentonite Market, By Distribution Channel

  • 8.1 Introduction
  • 8.2 Direct Sales (B2B)
  • 8.3 Distributors & Dealers
  • 8.4 Online Retail

9 Global Calcium Bentonite Market, By Application

  • 9.1 Introduction
  • 9.2 Oil & Gas Drilling
  • 9.3 Paper & Paints
  • 9.4 Foundry
  • 9.5 Pharmaceuticals
  • 9.6 Cat Litter
  • 9.7 Cosmetics & Personal Care
  • 9.8 Construction & Civil Engineering
  • 9.9 Agriculture
  • 9.10 Water Treatment
  • 9.11 Other Applications

10 Global Calcium Bentonite Market, By Geography

  • 10.1 Introduction
  • 10.2 North America
    • 10.2.1 US
    • 10.2.2 Canada
    • 10.2.3 Mexico
  • 10.3 Europe
    • 10.3.1 Germany
    • 10.3.2 UK
    • 10.3.3 Italy
    • 10.3.4 France
    • 10.3.5 Spain
    • 10.3.6 Rest of Europe
  • 10.4 Asia Pacific
    • 10.4.1 Japan
    • 10.4.2 China
    • 10.4.3 India
    • 10.4.4 Australia
    • 10.4.5 New Zealand
    • 10.4.6 South Korea
    • 10.4.7 Rest of Asia Pacific
  • 10.5 South America
    • 10.5.1 Argentina
    • 10.5.2 Brazil
    • 10.5.3 Chile
    • 10.5.4 Rest of South America
  • 10.6 Middle East & Africa
    • 10.6.1 Saudi Arabia
    • 10.6.2 UAE
    • 10.6.3 Qatar
    • 10.6.4 South Africa
    • 10.6.5 Rest of Middle East & Africa

11 Key Developments

  • 11.1 Agreements, Partnerships, Collaborations and Joint Ventures
  • 11.2 Acquisitions & Mergers
  • 11.3 New Product Launch
  • 11.4 Expansions
  • 11.5 Other Key Strategies

12 Company Profiling

  • 12.1 Imerys
  • 12.2 Bentonite Company LLC
  • 12.3 Minerals Technologies Inc.
  • 12.4 Laviosa Minerals SpA
  • 12.5 Tolsa Group
  • 12.6 CMS Industries
  • 12.7 Ashapura Minechem
  • 12.8 Fenghong New Material Co., Ltd.
  • 12.9 Wyo-Ben, Inc.
  • 12.10 Taiko Group
  • 12.11 Bentonite Performance Minerals LLC
  • 12.12 Kunimine Industries Co., Ltd.
  • 12.13 Black Hills Bentonite LLC
  • 12.14 Fullertone Minechem Pvt. Ltd.
  • 12.15 Weifang Huawei Bentonite Group Co., Ltd.

List of Tables

  • Table 1 Global Calcium Bentonite Market Outlook, By Region (2024-2032) ($MN)
  • Table 2 Global Calcium Bentonite Market Outlook, By Product Form (2024-2032) ($MN)
  • Table 3 Global Calcium Bentonite Market Outlook, By Powder (2024-2032) ($MN)
  • Table 4 Global Calcium Bentonite Market Outlook, By Granules (2024-2032) ($MN)
  • Table 5 Global Calcium Bentonite Market Outlook, By Pellets (2024-2032) ($MN)
  • Table 6 Global Calcium Bentonite Market Outlook, By Calcined Bentonite (2024-2032) ($MN)
  • Table 7 Global Calcium Bentonite Market Outlook, By Other Product Forms (2024-2032) ($MN)
  • Table 8 Global Calcium Bentonite Market Outlook, By Grade (2024-2032) ($MN)
  • Table 9 Global Calcium Bentonite Market Outlook, By Industrial Grade (2024-2032) ($MN)
  • Table 10 Global Calcium Bentonite Market Outlook, By Pharmaceutical Grade (2024-2032) ($MN)
  • Table 11 Global Calcium Bentonite Market Outlook, By Cosmetic Grade (2024-2032) ($MN)
  • Table 12 Global Calcium Bentonite Market Outlook, By Food Grade (2024-2032) ($MN)
  • Table 13 Global Calcium Bentonite Market Outlook, By Function (2024-2032) ($MN)
  • Table 14 Global Calcium Bentonite Market Outlook, By Binder (2024-2032) ($MN)
  • Table 15 Global Calcium Bentonite Market Outlook, By Adsorbent (2024-2032) ($MN)
  • Table 16 Global Calcium Bentonite Market Outlook, By Rheology Modifier (2024-2032) ($MN)
  • Table 17 Global Calcium Bentonite Market Outlook, By Purification Agent (2024-2032) ($MN)
  • Table 18 Global Calcium Bentonite Market Outlook, By Distribution Channel (2024-2032) ($MN)
  • Table 19 Global Calcium Bentonite Market Outlook, By Direct Sales (B2B) (2024-2032) ($MN)
  • Table 20 Global Calcium Bentonite Market Outlook, By Distributors & Dealers (2024-2032) ($MN)
  • Table 21 Global Calcium Bentonite Market Outlook, By Online Retail (2024-2032) ($MN)
  • Table 22 Global Calcium Bentonite Market Outlook, By Application (2024-2032) ($MN)
  • Table 23 Global Calcium Bentonite Market Outlook, By Oil & Gas Drilling (2024-2032) ($MN)
  • Table 24 Global Calcium Bentonite Market Outlook, By Paper & Paints (2024-2032) ($MN)
  • Table 25 Global Calcium Bentonite Market Outlook, By Foundry (2024-2032) ($MN)
  • Table 26 Global Calcium Bentonite Market Outlook, By Pharmaceuticals (2024-2032) ($MN)
  • Table 27 Global Calcium Bentonite Market Outlook, By Cat Litter (2024-2032) ($MN)
  • Table 28 Global Calcium Bentonite Market Outlook, By Cosmetics & Personal Care (2024-2032) ($MN)
  • Table 29 Global Calcium Bentonite Market Outlook, By Construction & Civil Engineering (2024-2032) ($MN)
  • Table 30 Global Calcium Bentonite Market Outlook, By Agriculture (2024-2032) ($MN)
  • Table 31 Global Calcium Bentonite Market Outlook, By Water Treatment (2024-2032) ($MN)
  • Table 32 Global Calcium Bentonite Market Outlook, By Other Applications (2024-2032) ($MN)

Note: Tables for North America, Europe, APAC, South America, and Middle East & Africa Regions are also represented in the same manner as above.