锂离子电池电解液锂盐及添加剂技术趋势及市场前景

电解质是锂离子二次电池四大主要材料之一。主要由溶剂、锂盐、添加剂组成。

一般来说，锂离子二次电池有机电解液所需的重要性能是锂离子电导率和电化学稳定性。因此，无论使用哪种电极，为了确保良好的电池性能，重要的是使用具有良好的锂离子迁移率并且在电池的工作电位范围内不会发生严重的电化学分解反应的电解质。

在锂离子二次电池中，锂盐是电解液的主要成分，在决定电池性能和稳定性方面发挥重要作用。锂盐确保锂离子的导电性，并作为有效移动电池内电荷的介质。典型的锂盐包括六氟磷酸锂(LiPF 6 )、三氟甲磺酸锂(LiTFSI)和双(氟磺?基)亚胺锂(LiFSI)。 LiPF6因其高电导率和低温稳定性而被广泛使用，但高温下的热不稳定和水解引起的副作用已被指出是问题。

作为替代方案，人们正在研究具有优异导电性和热稳定性的锂盐，例如 LiFSI。特别是，LiFSI比LiPF6表现出更好的化学和热稳定性，并具有高离子电导率和低电阻的特性。此外，LiFSI 具有低黏度和出色的电化学稳定性，有助于提高电池寿命和安全性。但存在製造成本和腐蚀性等缺点，因此正确的组合是提高电池性能和安全性的关键。

添加剂在提高锂离子二次电池电解质性能方面发挥重要作用。添加剂主要用于提高电解质稳定性、电导率和界面性能。例如，促进固体电解质界面（SEI）形成的添加剂有助于提高电池寿命和稳定性。典型的添加剂包括氟代碳酸亚乙酯（FEC）和碳酸亚乙烯酯（VC），它们形成SEI层并提高负极的稳定性。硫化物添加剂还可以提高阴极的稳定性并增强其在高电压下的性能。

最近的研究开发了多种新型添加剂，并努力透过组合它们来优化电池性能。例如，与 LiFSI 一起使用的某些添加剂可以扩大电解质的电位窗口并延长循环寿命，同时保持高能量密度。这些添加剂的综效是提高锂离子二次电池的能量密度、循环寿命、安全性等各项性能指标的重要因素。 LiFSI与添加剂的创新组合将对加速下一代高性能锂离子二次电池的商业化发挥关键作用。

在电解质中发挥重要作用的锂盐和添加剂传统上主要由日本企业供应，但随着中国企业大幅扩大产能，情况发生了变化。以最常用的通用锂盐LiPF6为例，锂盐技术过去仅限于少数几家公司，包括日本的Stella Chemifa、Morita、Kanto Denka和韩国的Hoosung，这些公司可以提供电池品质随着技术的发展和产能的扩大，天赐材料、DFD等大公司现在已经是绝对的强者。另外，在日本，三菱化学、中央硝子、日本触媒等拥有自主专利的企业几乎垄断了特种锂盐（LiFSI等）和添加剂的市场，但现在韩国的Cheonbo和中国的HSC、Genyuan和其他公司则通过绕过专利和独特技术继续增加其市场份额。

在本报告中，我们对锂离子电池电解液市场进行了研究和分析，提供了锂盐和添加剂的主要特性和应用的详细技术信息，以及供应状况、市场前景以及锂离子电池产品和生产状况的资讯。

目录

第1章 概要

• 背景
• 电解液概要
• 电解液的成分和特性

第二章锂盐/添加剂发展趋势

• 锂盐的发展趋势
  • 锂盐概述
  • 功能及特点：依锂盐类型分类
• 添加剂发展趋势
  • 高压负极氧化膜形成用添加剂
  • 低压负极氧化膜形成用添加剂
  • 使用还原分解型化合物的负极SEI形成製程
  • 可再生结构破坏的 SEI 层的功能添加剂
  • 可去除导致电池性能恶化的反应性化合物的添加剂
  • 用于高镍基正极界面稳定性的电解质添加剂
  • 改善输出特性的电解质添加剂
  • 使用LiFSI盐的电解液
  • 提高热稳定性的阻燃添加剂
  • 高容量负极界面稳定添加剂
  • 富镍高压系统添加剂（含/不含 SiOx）
  • 硅负极添加剂
  • LFP正极添加剂
  • LMFP正极添加剂
  • 用于 HF、LFP/LMFP 正极的金属捕获添加剂
  • LMR正极添加剂
  • 安全添加剂
• 锂盐及添加剂的合成机制研究
  • 氟电解质（LiFSI）
  • VC（碳酸亚乙烯酯合成）添加剂
  • VC（碳酸亚乙烯酯合成）添加剂
  • VEC（乙烯基碳酸亚乙酯）添加剂
• 全固态电池添加剂
  • 对全固态电池的需求
  • 固态电池的问题
  • 固体电解质解决方案
  • 全固态电池开发（正负极表面改质）
  • 提高全固态电池寿命的研究
  • 由全固态电池供应商开发

第3章 锂盐/添加剂市场趋势与预测

• LIB电解液市场背景
  • 下游预测
  • 供需的预测
  • 电解液零组件材料预测
  • 成本结构
• 锂盐/添加剂市场现状与预测
  • 通用锂盐(LiPF6)
  • 特殊锂盐
  • 电解液添加剂

Electrolyte is one of the 4 major materials of lithium-ion secondary batteries. It is largely composed of solvents, lithium salts, and additives.

In general, the important characteristics required for organic electrolytes for lithium-ion secondary batteries are lithium-ion conductivity and electrochemical stability. Therefore, regardless of the electrode used, an electrolyte with excellent lithium-ion mobility and no serious electrochemical decomposition reaction within the battery operating potential range must be used to secure excellent battery performance.

In lithium-ion secondary batteries, lithium salts are the main components of the electrolyte and play an important role in determining the performance and stability of the battery. Lithium salts secure the conductivity of lithium ions and act as a medium that effectively transfers charges within the battery. Representative lithium salts include lithium hexafluorophosphate (LiPF6), lithium trifluoromethanesulfonate (LiTFSI), and lithium bis(fluorosulfonyl)imide (LiFSI). LiPF6 is widely used due to its high conductivity and stability at low temperatures, but its thermal instability at high temperatures and side effects due to hydrolysis are pointed out as problems.

As an alternative, lithium salts such as LiFSI are being studied, which offer excellent conductivity and thermal stability. LiFSI shows particularly superior chemical and thermal stability than LiPF6, and is characterized by high ionic conductivity and low electrical resistance. In addition, LiFSI provides low viscosity and excellent electrochemical stability, contributing to improving the lifespan and safety of batteries. However, it also has disadvantages such as manufacturing cost and corrosiveness, so an appropriate combination is the key to improving battery performance and safety.

Additives play an important role in improving the performance of electrolytes in lithium-ion secondary batteries. Additives are mainly used to improve the stability, conductivity, and interfacial properties of electrolytes. For example, additives that promote the formation of a solid electrolyte interphase (SEI) contribute to improving the life and stability of the battery. Representative additives include fluoroethylene carbonate (FEC) and vinylene carbonate (VC), which form an SEI layer to enhance the stability of the anode. In addition, sulfide-based additives improve the stability of the cathode, thereby enhancing performance at high voltages.

Recent studies have been developing various new additives, and efforts are being made to optimize battery performance through their combination. For example, certain additives used with LiFSI can widen the electrochemical window of the electrolyte and extend the cycle life while maintaining high energy density. The synergy with these additives is a key factor in improving various performance indicators of lithium-ion secondary batteries, such as energy density, cycle life, and safety. The innovative combination of LiFSI and additives will play an important role in accelerating the commercialization of next-generation high-performance lithium-ion secondary batteries.

Lithium salts and additives, which play a key role in electrolytes, were mostly supplied by Japanese companies in the past, but the landscape has changed as Chinese companies have significantly expanded their production capacity. In the case of LiPF6, the most commonly used general-purpose lithium salt, only a few companies, including Stella Chemifa, Morita, and Kanto Denka in Japan and Hoosung in Korea, could supply battery-quality products in the past, but in the past, large companies such as Tinci Materials and DFD have become absolute powerhouses in the current market through the development of lithium salt technology and expansion of production capacity. In the case of special lithium salts (such as LiFSI) and additives, companies that held original patents, such as Mitsubishi Chemical, Central Glass, and Nippon Shokubai in Japan, almost monopolized the market, but currently, Cheonbo in Korea and HSC and Genyuan in China are continuously increasing their market share based on bypass patents or their own technologies.

In this report, we have organized in detail the technical information on lithium salts and additives, which are the most essential components of lithium-ion secondary battery electrolytes, and have provided a multi-faceted outlook on the market for lithium salts and additives based on our various outlook data to help readers understand the overall market situation.

Finally, we have tried to provide researchers and interested parties in this field with a wide range of insights from technology to market by summarizing the business status and future plans of major lithium salt and additive manufacturers.

Strong points of this report:

• 1. Includes detailed technical information on the main characteristics and applications of lithium salts and additives
• 2. Provides objective data through market outlook based on our forecast and various data
• 3. Understands the main supply status and outlook of the lithium salt and additives market
• 4. Includes detailed information on the products and production status of major players in Korea, China, and Japan

Table of Contents

Chapter I. Overview

• 1.1. Background
• 1.2. Electrolyte Overview
• 1.3. Electrolyte components and properties

Chapter II. Li-Salts / Additives Development Trends

• 2.1. Lithium Salt Development Trends
  • 2.1.1. Lithium Salts Overview
  • 2.1.2. Functions and features for each lithium salt type
• 2.2. Additives Development Trends
  • 2.2.1. Additives for high voltage anodic film formation
  • 2.2.2. Additives for low voltage anodic film formation
  • 2.2.3. Process of forming the anode SEI by reductive-decomposing-type compounds
  • 2.2.4. Functional additive to regenerate the structurally destroyed SEI layer
  • 2.2.5. Reactive compound-removing additive that causes performance deterioration of batteries
  • 2.2.6. Electrolyte additives for high-Ni-based cathode interfacial stabilization
  • 2.2.7. Electrolyte additives for improved output characteristics
  • 2.2.8. Electrolytes using LiFSI salt
  • 2.2.9. Flame retardant additives to improve thermal stability
  • 2.2.10. Additives for interfacial stabilization of high-capacity anodes
  • 2.2.11. Ni-rich and high voltage system additives (w/ or w/o SiOx)
  • 2.2.12. Additives for silicon anodes
  • 2.2.13. Additives for LFP cathodes
  • 2.2.14. Additives for LMFP cathodes
  • 2.2.15. HF, Metal scavenger functional additives for LFP & LMFP cathodes
  • 2.2.16. Additives for LMR cathodes
  • 2.2.17. Additives for safety
• 2.3. Study on Lithium Salt and Additive Synthesis Mechanisms
  • 2.3.1. F Electrolyte(LiFSI)
  • 2.3.2. VC (Vinylene Carbonate Synthesis) additives
  • 2.3.3. VC (Vinylene Carbonate Synthesis) additives
  • 2.3.4. VEC (Vinylethylene Carbonate) additives
• 2.4. All-Solid-State Battery Additives
  • 2.4.1. The need for all-solid-state batteries
  • 2.4.2. All-solid-state battery issue
  • 2.4.3. Solutions for solid electrolytes
  • 2.4.4. All-solid-state cell battery development (surface modification of cathode, anode)
  • 2.4.5. Research on improving the lifetime of all-solid-state batteries
  • 2.4.6. Developments by all-solid-state battery vendor

Chapter III. Lithium Salt/Additives Market Trends and Forecasts

• 3.1. LIB Electrolyte Market Background
  • 3.1.1. Downstream Forecast
  • 3.1.2. Supply and Demand Forecast
  • 3.1.3. Electrolyte Component Material Forecast
  • 3.1.4. Cost Structure
• 3.2. Lithium Salts/Additives Market Status and Forecast
  • 3.2.1. General-purpose lithium salts (LiPF6)
  • 3.2.2. Specialty lithium salts
  • 3.2.3. Electrolyte additives