Product Code: r11921
“Military Actuators Global Market Report 2024 ” from The Business Research Company provides strategists, marketers and senior management with the critical information they need to assess the market.
This report focuses on military actuators market which is experiencing strong growth. The report gives a guide to the trends which will be shaping the market over the next ten years and beyond.
Reasons to Purchase
- Gain a truly global perspective with the most comprehensive report available on this market covering 50+ geographies.
- Understand how the market has been affected by the COVID-19 and how it is responding as the impact of the virus abates.
- Assess the Russia - Ukraine war's impact on agriculture, energy and mineral commodity supply and its direct and indirect impact on the market.
- Measure the impact of high global inflation on market growth.
- Create regional and country strategies on the basis of local data and analysis.
- Identify growth segments for investment.
- Outperform competitors using forecast data and the drivers and trends shaping the market.
- Understand customers based on the latest market shares.
- Benchmark performance against key competitors.
- Suitable for supporting your internal and external presentations with reliable high quality data and analysis
- Report will be updated with the latest data and delivered to you within 3-5 working days of order along with an Excel data sheet for easy data extraction and analysis.
- All data from the report will also be delivered in an excel dashboard format.
Where is the largest and fastest growing market for military actuators? How does the market relate to the overall economy, demography and other similar markets? What forces will shape the market going forward? “The military actuators market global report ” from The Business Research Company answers all these questions and many more.
The report covers market characteristics, size and growth, segmentation, regional and country breakdowns, competitive landscape, market shares, trends and strategies for this market. It traces the market's historic and forecast market growth by geography.
Scope
Markets Covered:
- 1) By Type: Linear; Rotary
- 2) By Component: Cylinders; Drives; Servo Valves; Manifolds; Other Components
- 3) By System: Hydraulic Actuators; Electrical Actuators; Pneumatic Actuators; Electromechanical Actuators; Other Systems
- 4) By Application: Land; Air; Sea
- Companies Mentioned: Curtiss-Wright Corporation; Triumph Group Inc.; Moog Inc.; Meggitt plc; Venture Manufacturing Company
- Countries: Australia; Brazil; China; France; Germany; India; Indonesia; Japan; Russia; South Korea; UK; USA; Canada; Italy; Spain
- Regions: Asia-Pacific; Western Europe; Eastern Europe; North America; South America; Middle East; Africa
- Time series: Five years historic and ten years forecast.
- Data: Ratios of market size and growth to related markets, GDP proportions, expenditure per capita,
- Data segmentations: country and regional historic and forecast data, market share of competitors, market segments.
- Sourcing and Referencing: Data and analysis throughout the report is sourced using end notes.
- Delivery format: PDF, Word and Excel Data Dashboard.
Executive Summary
Military actuators are components utilized in military machinery and equipment to facilitate automation and movement. An actuator, within a machine or system, plays a role in generating mechanical force by converting energy, often in the form of electricity, air, or hydraulic power.
The primary types of military actuators include linear and rotary actuators. Linear actuators are devices that facilitate movement in a linear motion between two points. In the military, linear actuators are employed for tasks such as motion control, torque transmission, and equipment automation. They are integral components in various military vehicles, including artillery carriers, fighter planes, tanks, sailing ships, and others. The diverse components of military actuators encompass cylinders, drives, servo valves, manifolds, and others, forming systems such as hydraulic actuators, electrical actuators, pneumatic actuators, electromechanical actuators, and more. Military actuators find applications across the armed forces in land, air, and sea operations.
The military actuators market research report is one of a series of new reports from The Business Research Company that provides military actuators market statistics, including military actuators industry global market size, regional shares, competitors with a military actuators market share, detailed military actuators market segments, market trends and opportunities, and any further data you may need to thrive in the military actuators industry. The military actuators market research report delivers a complete perspective of everything you need, with an in-depth analysis of the current and future scenario of the industry.
The military actuators market size has grown rapidly in recent years. It will grow from $1.48 billion in 2023 to $1.64 billion in 2024 at a compound annual growth rate (CAGR) of 11.0%. The expansion observed in the historical period can be attributed to investments in aerospace and defense, advancements in weapon systems, the integration of automation in military machinery, the integration of naval systems, and the expansion of unmanned systems.
The military actuators market size is expected to see rapid growth in the next few years. It will grow to $2.43 billion in 2028 at a compound annual growth rate (CAGR) of 10.4%. The anticipated growth in the forecast period can be attributed to the modernization of defense systems, an increase in unmanned systems, a rise in cybersecurity concerns, a shift towards smart actuators, and advancements in robotics. Significant trends expected in the forecast period include adaptation to harsh environments, an increase in robotics and autonomous systems, an emphasis on stealth and low noise, increased reliability and redundancy, and the adoption of smart actuators.
The substantial increase in military spending globally is expected to be a significant driving force behind the growth of the military actuators market in the coming years. Military spending encompasses government expenditures on weapons, equipment, and personnel for military purposes. Military actuators play a crucial role in providing motion control, torque provision, and equipment automation essential for logistics, transport, weapon operation, and other critical applications in the military sector. The key catalyst for the military actuators market is the escalating military spending by various countries worldwide. As indicated by data released in April 2022 by the Stockholm International Peace Research Institute (SIPRI), global military expenditure witnessed a real-term increase of 0.7% in 2021, reaching $2,113 billion. Therefore, the upward trajectory of military spending is poised to propel the military actuators market.
The growing menace of cyberattacks is anticipated to drive the expansion of the military actuators market in the foreseeable future. Cyberattacks involve deliberate, malicious actions aimed at exploiting vulnerabilities in computer systems, networks, or digital devices to compromise data or gain unauthorized access. Military actuators incorporate cybersecurity measures to fortify defense systems against cyber threats, ensuring secure and resilient operation. For instance, data from January 2023 provided by Checkpoint, an Israel-based cybersecurity solutions provider, revealed a 38% increase in global cyberattacks in 2022 compared to 2021. Consequently, the escalating threat of cyberattacks is a significant factor fueling the growth of the military actuators market.
Major players in the military actuators market are strategically focusing on the development of precision motion controls, such as industrial electromechanical actuators, to drive market revenues. Industrial electromechanical actuators are devices that convert electrical energy into mechanical movement, commonly used in industrial applications for precision motion control and automation. For instance, in October 2021, Curtiss-Wright, a US-based provider of engineered products and services, introduced the Exlar SA-R080 rotary and SA-L080 linear actuator, representing the first frame size (80 mm) in its industrial electromechanical actuator series. Equipped with integral power and control electronics, a rear manual drive for emergency operation, a magnetic absolute encoder, and corrosion-resistant epoxy housing, the SA-080 series meets stringent environmental standards. Designed for defense, industrial, and commercial applications requiring precision motion control in harsh environments, it complies with MIL-STD-810G and incorporates communication protocols such as RS-232 and CANopen.
Major players in the military actuators market are also prioritizing the delivery of innovative systems, including control actuation systems, to gain a competitive advantage. Control actuation systems translate signals from a control system into physical action and are commonly employed in aerospace and defense applications for precise control. For instance, in May 2021, Marotta Controls, a US-based aerospace company, successfully completed a custom fin Control Actuation System (CAS) design project for Lockheed Martin. The CAS integrates actuators with a single electrical board to drive both motors for two actuator axes, showcasing technical achievements in compact design, performance, and cost-effectiveness.
In September 2021, Fairbanks Morse Defense (FMD), a US-based naval engine manufacturer, acquired Hunt Valve Company Inc. for an undisclosed amount. This strategic acquisition expanded FMD's service offerings and capabilities for shipyard, defense, and industrial clients, reinforcing its support for the U.S. Nuclear Navy. Hunt Valve Company Inc., a US-based manufacturer, specializes in naval valves and electromechanical actuators.
Major companies operating in the military actuators market report are Curtiss-Wright Corporation, Triumph Group Inc., Moog Inc., Meggitt plc, Venture Manufacturing Company, Parker Hannifin Corporation, Kyntronics Inc., Nook Industries Inc., AMETEK Inc., Ultra Motion, Elektro-Metall Export GmbH, Honeywell International Inc., Safran S.A., Arkwin Industries Inc., Hunt Valve Company, Raytheon Technologies Corporation, Creative Motion Control, AUMA Riester GmbH & Co. KG, Liebherr-International Deutschland GmbH, Cobham Limited, Woodward Inc., Danaher Motion, Eaton Corporation plc, ElectroCraft Inc., GE Aviation, General Dynamics Corporation, HITTICO Lincoln, ITT Enidine Inc., Kollmorgen Corporation, Lord Corporation, MTS Systems Corporation, Nidec Corporation
North America was the largest region in the military actuators market in 2023. The regions covered in the military actuators market report are Asia-Pacific, Western Europe, Eastern Europe, North America, South America, Middle East, Africa
The countries covered in the military actuators market report are Australia, Brazil, China, France, Germany, India, Indonesia, Japan, Russia, South Korea, UK, USA, Canada, Italy, Spain
The military actuator market consists of sales of clevises, spindles, gears and inner tubes. Values in this market are 'factory gate' values, that is the value of goods sold by the manufacturers or creators of the goods, whether to other entities (including downstream manufacturers, wholesalers, distributors and retailers) or directly to end customers. The value of goods in this market includes related services sold by the creators of the goods.
The market value is defined as the revenues that enterprises gain from the sale of goods and/or services within the specified market and geography through sales, grants, or donations in terms of the currency (in USD unless otherwise specified).
The revenues for a specified geography are consumption values that are revenues generated by organizations in the specified geography within the market, irrespective of where they are produced. It does not include revenues from resales along the supply chain, either further along the supply chain or as part of other products.
Table of Contents
1. Executive Summary
2. Military Actuators Market Characteristics
3. Military Actuators Market Trends And Strategies
4. Military Actuators Market - Macro Economic Scenario
- 4.1. Impact Of High Inflation On the Market
- 4.2. Ukraine-Russia War Impact On the Market
- 4.3. COVID-19 Impact On the Market
5. Global Military Actuators Market Size and Growth
- 5.1. Global Military Actuators Market Drivers and Restraints
- 5.1.1. Drivers Of The Market
- 5.1.2. Restraints Of The Market
- 5.2. Global Military Actuators Historic Market Size and Growth, 2018 - 2023, Value ($ Billion)
- 5.3. Global Military Actuators Forecast Market Size and Growth, 2023 - 2028, 2033F, Value ($ Billion)
6. Military Actuators Market Segmentation
- 6.1. Global Military Actuators Market, Segmentation By Type, Historic and Forecast, 2018-2023, 2023-2028F, 2033F, $ Billion
- Linear
- Rotary
- 6.2. Global Military Actuators Market, Segmentation By Component, Historic and Forecast, 2018-2023, 2023-2028F, 2033F, $ Billion
- Cylinders
- Drives
- Servo Valves
- Manifolds
- Other Components
- 6.3. Global Military Actuators Market, Segmentation By System, Historic and Forecast, 2018-2023, 2023-2028F, 2033F, $ Billion
- Hydraulic Actuators
- Electrical Actuators
- Pneumatic Actuators
- Electromechanical Actuators
- Other Systems
- 6.4. Global Military Actuators Market, Segmentation By Application, Historic and Forecast, 2018-2023, 2023-2028F, 2033F, $ Billion
- Land
- Air
- Sea
7. Military Actuators Market Regional And Country Analysis
- 7.1. Global Military Actuators Market, Split By Region, Historic and Forecast, 2018-2023, 2023-2028F, 2033F, $ Billion
- 7.2. Global Military Actuators Market, Split By Country, Historic and Forecast, 2018-2023, 2023-2028F, 2033F, $ Billion
8. Asia-Pacific Military Actuators Market
- 8.1. Asia-Pacific Military Actuators Market Overview
- Region Information, Impact Of COVID-19, Market Information, Background Information, Government Initiatives, Regulations, Regulatory Bodies, Major Associations, Taxes Levied, Corporate Tax Structure, Investments, Major Companies
- 8.2. Asia-Pacific Military Actuators Market, Segmentation By Type, Historic and Forecast, 2018-2023, 2023-2028F, 2033F, $ Billion
- 8.3. Asia-Pacific Military Actuators Market, Segmentation By Component, Historic and Forecast, 2018-2023, 2023-2028F, 2033F, $ Billion
- 8.4. Asia-Pacific Military Actuators Market, Segmentation By Application, Historic and Forecast, 2018-2023, 2023-2028F, 2033F, $ Billion
9. China Military Actuators Market
- 9.1. China Military Actuators Market Overview
- 9.2. China Military Actuators Market, Segmentation By Type, Historic and Forecast, 2018-2023, 2023-2028F, 2033F,$ Billion
- 9.3. China Military Actuators Market, Segmentation By Component, Historic and Forecast, 2018-2023, 2023-2028F, 2033F,$ Billion
- 9.4. China Military Actuators Market, Segmentation By Application, Historic and Forecast, 2018-2023, 2023-2028F, 2033F,$ Billion
10. India Military Actuators Market
- 10.1. India Military Actuators Market, Segmentation By Type, Historic and Forecast, 2018-2023, 2023-2028F, 2033F, $ Billion
- 10.2. India Military Actuators Market, Segmentation By Component, Historic and Forecast, 2018-2023, 2023-2028F, 2033F, $ Billion
- 10.3. India Military Actuators Market, Segmentation By Application, Historic and Forecast, 2018-2023, 2023-2028F, 2033F, $ Billion
11. Japan Military Actuators Market
- 11.1. Japan Military Actuators Market Overview
- 11.2. Japan Military Actuators Market, Segmentation By Type, Historic and Forecast, 2018-2023, 2023-2028F, 2033F, $ Billion
- 11.3. Japan Military Actuators Market, Segmentation By Component, Historic and Forecast, 2018-2023, 2023-2028F, 2033F, $ Billion
- 11.4. Japan Military Actuators Market, Segmentation By Application, Historic and Forecast, 2018-2023, 2023-2028F, 2033F, $ Billion
12. Australia Military Actuators Market
- 12.1. Australia Military Actuators Market, Segmentation By Type, Historic and Forecast, 2018-2023, 2023-2028F, 2033F, $ Billion
- 12.2. Australia Military Actuators Market, Segmentation By Component, Historic and Forecast, 2018-2023, 2023-2028F, 2033F, $ Billion
- 12.3. Australia Military Actuators Market, Segmentation By Application, Historic and Forecast, 2018-2023, 2023-2028F, 2033F, $ Billion
13. Indonesia Military Actuators Market
- 13.1. Indonesia Military Actuators Market, Segmentation By Type, Historic and Forecast, 2018-2023, 2023-2028F, 2033F, $ Billion
- 13.2. Indonesia Military Actuators Market, Segmentation By Component, Historic and Forecast, 2018-2023, 2023-2028F, 2033F, $ Billion
- 13.3. Indonesia Military Actuators Market, Segmentation By Application, Historic and Forecast, 2018-2023, 2023-2028F, 2033F, $ Billion
14. South Korea Military Actuators Market
- 14.1. South Korea Military Actuators Market Overview
- 14.2. South Korea Military Actuators Market, Segmentation By Type, Historic and Forecast, 2018-2023, 2023-2028F, 2033F, $ Billion
- 14.3. South Korea Military Actuators Market, Segmentation By Component, Historic and Forecast, 2018-2023, 2023-2028F, 2033F, $ Billion
- 14.4. South Korea Military Actuators Market, Segmentation By Application, Historic and Forecast, 2018-2023, 2023-2028F, 2033F, $ Billion
15. Western Europe Military Actuators Market
- 15.1. Western Europe Military Actuators Market Overview
- 15.2. Western Europe Military Actuators Market, Segmentation By Type, Historic and Forecast, 2018-2023, 2023-2028F, 2033F, $ Billion
- 15.3. Western Europe Military Actuators Market, Segmentation By Component, Historic and Forecast, 2018-2023, 2023-2028F, 2033F, $ Billion
- 15.4. Western Europe Military Actuators Market, Segmentation By Application, Historic and Forecast, 2018-2023, 2023-2028F, 2033F, $ Billion
16. UK Military Actuators Market
- 16.1. UK Military Actuators Market, Segmentation By Type, Historic and Forecast, 2018-2023, 2023-2028F, 2033F, $ Billion
- 16.2. UK Military Actuators Market, Segmentation By Component, Historic and Forecast, 2018-2023, 2023-2028F, 2033F, $ Billion
- 16.3. UK Military Actuators Market, Segmentation By Application, Historic and Forecast, 2018-2023, 2023-2028F, 2033F, $ Billion
17. Germany Military Actuators Market
- 17.1. Germany Military Actuators Market, Segmentation By Type, Historic and Forecast, 2018-2023, 2023-2028F, 2033F, $ Billion
- 17.2. Germany Military Actuators Market, Segmentation By Component, Historic and Forecast, 2018-2023, 2023-2028F, 2033F, $ Billion
- 17.3. Germany Military Actuators Market, Segmentation By Application, Historic and Forecast, 2018-2023, 2023-2028F, 2033F, $ Billion
18. France Military Actuators Market
- 18.1. France Military Actuators Market, Segmentation By Type, Historic and Forecast, 2018-2023, 2023-2028F, 2033F, $ Billion
- 18.2. France Military Actuators Market, Segmentation By Component, Historic and Forecast, 2018-2023, 2023-2028F, 2033F, $ Billion
- 18.3. France Military Actuators Market, Segmentation By Application, Historic and Forecast, 2018-2023, 2023-2028F, 2033F, $ Billion
19. Italy Military Actuators Market
- 19.1. Italy Military Actuators Market, Segmentation By Type, Historic and Forecast, 2018-2023, 2023-2028F, 2033F, $ Billion
- 19.2. Italy Military Actuators Market, Segmentation By Component, Historic and Forecast, 2018-2023, 2023-2028F, 2033F, $ Billion
- 19.3. Italy Military Actuators Market, Segmentation By Application, Historic and Forecast, 2018-2023, 2023-2028F, 2033F, $ Billion
20. Spain Military Actuators Market
- 20.1. Spain Military Actuators Market, Segmentation By Type, Historic and Forecast, 2018-2023, 2023-2028F, 2033F, $ Billion
- 20.2. Spain Military Actuators Market, Segmentation By Component, Historic and Forecast, 2018-2023, 2023-2028F, 2033F, $ Billion
- 20.3. Spain Military Actuators Market, Segmentation By Application, Historic and Forecast, 2018-2023, 2023-2028F, 2033F, $ Billion
21. Eastern Europe Military Actuators Market
- 21.1. Eastern Europe Military Actuators Market Overview
- 21.2. Eastern Europe Military Actuators Market, Segmentation By Type, Historic and Forecast, 2018-2023, 2023-2028F, 2033F, $ Billion
- 21.3. Eastern Europe Military Actuators Market, Segmentation By Component, Historic and Forecast, 2018-2023, 2023-2028F, 2033F, $ Billion
- 21.4. Eastern Europe Military Actuators Market, Segmentation By Application, Historic and Forecast, 2018-2023, 2023-2028F, 2033F, $ Billion
22. Russia Military Actuators Market
- 22.1. Russia Military Actuators Market, Segmentation By Type, Historic and Forecast, 2018-2023, 2023-2028F, 2033F, $ Billion
- 22.2. Russia Military Actuators Market, Segmentation By Component, Historic and Forecast, 2018-2023, 2023-2028F, 2033F, $ Billion
- 22.3. Russia Military Actuators Market, Segmentation By Application, Historic and Forecast, 2018-2023, 2023-2028F, 2033F, $ Billion
23. North America Military Actuators Market
- 23.1. North America Military Actuators Market Overview
- 23.2. North America Military Actuators Market, Segmentation By Type, Historic and Forecast, 2018-2023, 2023-2028F, 2033F, $ Billion
- 23.3. North America Military Actuators Market, Segmentation By Component, Historic and Forecast, 2018-2023, 2023-2028F, 2033F, $ Billion
- 23.4. North America Military Actuators Market, Segmentation By Application, Historic and Forecast, 2018-2023, 2023-2028F, 2033F, $ Billion
24. USA Military Actuators Market
- 24.1. USA Military Actuators Market Overview
- 24.2. USA Military Actuators Market, Segmentation By Type, Historic and Forecast, 2018-2023, 2023-2028F, 2033F, $ Billion
- 24.3. USA Military Actuators Market, Segmentation By Component, Historic and Forecast, 2018-2023, 2023-2028F, 2033F, $ Billion
- 24.4. USA Military Actuators Market, Segmentation By Application, Historic and Forecast, 2018-2023, 2023-2028F, 2033F, $ Billion
25. Canada Military Actuators Market
- 25.1. Canada Military Actuators Market Overview
- 25.2. Canada Military Actuators Market, Segmentation By Type, Historic and Forecast, 2018-2023, 2023-2028F, 2033F, $ Billion
- 25.3. Canada Military Actuators Market, Segmentation By Component, Historic and Forecast, 2018-2023, 2023-2028F, 2033F, $ Billion
- 25.4. Canada Military Actuators Market, Segmentation By Application, Historic and Forecast, 2018-2023, 2023-2028F, 2033F, $ Billion
26. South America Military Actuators Market
- 26.1. South America Military Actuators Market Overview
- 26.2. South America Military Actuators Market, Segmentation By Type, Historic and Forecast, 2018-2023, 2023-2028F, 2033F, $ Billion
- 26.3. South America Military Actuators Market, Segmentation By Component, Historic and Forecast, 2018-2023, 2023-2028F, 2033F, $ Billion
- 26.4. South America Military Actuators Market, Segmentation By Application, Historic and Forecast, 2018-2023, 2023-2028F, 2033F, $ Billion
27. Brazil Military Actuators Market
- 27.1. Brazil Military Actuators Market, Segmentation By Type, Historic and Forecast, 2018-2023, 2023-2028F, 2033F, $ Billion
- 27.2. Brazil Military Actuators Market, Segmentation By Component, Historic and Forecast, 2018-2023, 2023-2028F, 2033F, $ Billion
- 27.3. Brazil Military Actuators Market, Segmentation By Application, Historic and Forecast, 2018-2023, 2023-2028F, 2033F, $ Billion
28. Middle East Military Actuators Market
- 28.1. Middle East Military Actuators Market Overview
- 28.2. Middle East Military Actuators Market, Segmentation By Type, Historic and Forecast, 2018-2023, 2023-2028F, 2033F, $ Billion
- 28.3. Middle East Military Actuators Market, Segmentation By Component, Historic and Forecast, 2018-2023, 2023-2028F, 2033F, $ Billion
- 28.4. Middle East Military Actuators Market, Segmentation By Application, Historic and Forecast, 2018-2023, 2023-2028F, 2033F, $ Billion
29. Africa Military Actuators Market
- 29.1. Africa Military Actuators Market Overview
- 29.2. Africa Military Actuators Market, Segmentation By Type, Historic and Forecast, 2018-2023, 2023-2028F, 2033F, $ Billion
- 29.3. Africa Military Actuators Market, Segmentation By Component, Historic and Forecast, 2018-2023, 2023-2028F, 2033F, $ Billion
- 29.4. Africa Military Actuators Market, Segmentation By Application, Historic and Forecast, 2018-2023, 2023-2028F, 2033F, $ Billion
30. Military Actuators Market Competitive Landscape And Company Profiles
- 30.1. Military Actuators Market Competitive Landscape
- 30.2. Military Actuators Market Company Profiles
- 30.2.1. Curtiss-Wright Corporation
- 30.2.1.1. Overview
- 30.2.1.2. Products and Services
- 30.2.1.3. Strategy
- 30.2.1.4. Financial Performance
- 30.2.2. Triumph Group Inc.
- 30.2.2.1. Overview
- 30.2.2.2. Products and Services
- 30.2.2.3. Strategy
- 30.2.2.4. Financial Performance
- 30.2.3. Moog Inc.
- 30.2.3.1. Overview
- 30.2.3.2. Products and Services
- 30.2.3.3. Strategy
- 30.2.3.4. Financial Performance
- 30.2.4. Meggitt plc
- 30.2.4.1. Overview
- 30.2.4.2. Products and Services
- 30.2.4.3. Strategy
- 30.2.4.4. Financial Performance
- 30.2.5. Venture Manufacturing Company
- 30.2.5.1. Overview
- 30.2.5.2. Products and Services
- 30.2.5.3. Strategy
- 30.2.5.4. Financial Performance
31. Global Military Actuators Market Competitive Benchmarking
32. Global Military Actuators Market Competitive Dashboard
33. Key Mergers And Acquisitions In The Military Actuators Market
34. Military Actuators Market Future Outlook and Potential Analysis
- 34.1 Military Actuators Market In 2028 - Countries Offering Most New Opportunities
- 34.2 Military Actuators Market In 2028 - Segments Offering Most New Opportunities
- 34.3 Military Actuators Market In 2028 - Growth Strategies
- 34.3.1 Market Trend Based Strategies
- 34.3.2 Competitor Strategies
35. Appendix
- 35.1. Abbreviations
- 35.2. Currencies
- 35.3. Historic And Forecast Inflation Rates
- 35.4. Research Inquiries
- 35.5. The Business Research Company
- 35.6. Copyright And Disclaimer