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市场调查报告书
商品编码
1938360
巴士和长途客车市场 - 全球产业规模、份额、趋势、机会和预测(按车辆类型、运输类型、燃料类型、长度、座位容量、地区和竞争格局划分),2021-2031年Bus and Coach Market - Global Industry Size, Share, Trends, Opportunity, and Forecast, Segmented By Vehicle Type, By Transportation Type, By Fuel Type, By Length, By Seating Capacity, By Region & Competition, 2021-2031F |
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全球巴士和长途客车市场预计将从 2025 年的 914.4 亿美元成长到 2031 年的 1,458.3 亿美元,复合年增长率为 8.09%。
该市场涉及公共交通、城际旅行和包车服务用重型商用车的设计、製造和分销。该行业的主要驱动力是快速的都市化,这需要一个高效的公共交通系统,以及政府为满足环保标准而对车辆进行现代化改造的严格法规。这些根本性的驱动因素与乘客舒适度和美观设计等暂时性趋势截然不同,它们共同构成了一个清晰的、长期的需求基础。
| 市场概览 | |
|---|---|
| 预测期 | 2027-2031 |
| 市场规模:2025年 | 914.4亿美元 |
| 市场规模:2031年 | 1458.3亿美元 |
| 复合年增长率:2026-2031年 | 8.09% |
| 成长最快的细分市场 | 电动巴士 |
| 最大的市场 | 亚太地区 |
然而,向零排放动力系统转型以及必要的充电基础设施建设需要大量资本投资,这对整体市场成长构成了重大挑战。欧洲汽车製造商协会(ACEA)报告称,2024年欧盟新公车销量将成长9.2%,达到35,579辆。儘管区域市场表现强劲,但电气化带来的高昂前期成本仍然是价格敏感型市场营运商的一大障碍,并可能减缓全球车队更新换代的速度。
随着世界各国政府制定积极的脱碳目标,严格的车辆排放气体法规的实施正在从根本上重塑全球巴士和长途客车市场。诸如设立低排放气体区和强制推广零排放车辆等政策措施,正迫使製造商从内燃机转向电动和氢动力动力传动系统。这种监管压力实际上正在改变主要经济体的车队结构,迫使营运商提前淘汰老旧的柴油车辆。例如,欧洲汽车製造商协会(ACEA)在2025年10月发布的报告显示,儘管货车和卡车的新註册量正在下降,但2025年前三个季度公共汽车的註册量将增长3.6%,其中可充电电动巴士将占总量的22.7%。这种监管需求超过了可能延缓资本密集型车辆更换的周期性经济衰退的影响,并确保了对绿色技术的持续投资。
同时,无论动力传动系统类型如何,快速的都市化和日益增长的公共交通需求都成为市场扩张的关键驱动力。大都会圈人口的成长迫使交通部门扩大运力并对其网路进行现代化改造以缓解拥堵,从而导致高容量公车的采购量增加。疫情后的復苏数据也印证了大众出行的復苏。根据美国公共交通协会 (APTA) 2025 年 9 月发布的《2025 年概况》,2024 年的客运量将达到 76.6 亿人次,显示强劲的復苏势头需要扩大车队规模。因此,主要汽车製造商 (OEM) 的订单保持稳定。根据《卡车与巴士製造商》杂誌 2025 年 5 月的报告显示,戴姆勒客车在 2024 年表现强劲,售出 26,646 辆巴士,比上年增长 2%。
向零排放动力系统转型以及必要的充电基础设施建设需要大量资本投入,这严重限制了全球巴士和长途客车市场的扩张。营运商面临双重财务负担:他们既要承担电动和氢燃料电池汽车的高昂前期成本,又要为复杂的电网升级和充电站资金筹措。这种财务压力对于预算有限的私人营运商和公共机构而言尤其严峻,迫使他们推迟车队更新计画或缩减采购规模。因此,高成本成为市场永续成长的一大障碍。
这种经济负担导致车辆註册量明显波动,阻碍了产业的復苏。由于营运商难以应对这些资金需求,市场表现持续波动。例如,欧洲汽车製造商协会(ACEA)报告称,到2025年,欧盟新公车註册量将年减4.4%。这一萎缩期凸显了市场需求的脆弱性,市场需求严重依赖高成本的技术转型,同时也显示电气化面临的资金障碍正直接阻碍着产业的持续成长。
在提升营运安全性和解决长期存在的驾驶人的推动下,自动驾驶和高级驾驶辅助系统 (ADAS) 的应用正从受控的试验计画逐步过渡到实际的公共道路应用。製造商正积极将 L4 级自动驾驶功能整合到交通运输平台中,使其能够在复杂的城市环境和混合交通中无需持续的人工干预即可行驶。这项技术进步使车队营运商能够优化劳动力配置、降低事故相关成本,并推动该技术更快实现商业性规模应用。例如,在 2025 年 5 月的欧洲巴士世界展 (Busworld Europe) 上,Karsan 的 e-ATAK 自动驾驶巴士成为首辆在汉诺威获得 L4 级自动驾驶测试核准,可用于公共交通的自动驾驶巴士,这标誌着欧洲市场监管领域的一项重要进展。
同时,氢燃料电池技术的整合正日益成为电池电动解决方案的重要补充,尤其是在城际和高端客车领域,这些领域都面临着里程焦虑和运作时间过长等关键限制。与需要长时间充电的电池驱动车型不同,氢燃料电池汽车能够像传统柴油汽车一样持续运行,这使其成为需要快速维护的长途线路的理想选择。这项变更正在推动研发工作,以最大限度地提高动力传动系统在长途行驶中的效率。根据《永续巴士》杂誌2025年4月报道,Wrightbus宣布投资2,500万英镑用于研发,其中500万英镑将用于开发单次加氢续航里程可达1,000公里的氢燃料巴士。这直接满足了长途运营商的可持续发展需求。
The Global Bus and Coach Market is projected to expand from USD 91.44 Billion in 2025 to USD 145.83 Billion by 2031, registering a CAGR of 8.09%. This market involves the engineering, manufacturing, and distribution of high-capacity commercial vehicles intended for public transit, intercity travel, and private charter services. The sector is largely driven by rapid urbanization, which demands efficient mass transportation systems, and by strict government mandates compelling the modernization of fleets to satisfy environmental standards. These foundational drivers create a distinct, long-term basis for demand that differs significantly from temporary trends in passenger comfort or aesthetic design.
| Market Overview | |
|---|---|
| Forecast Period | 2027-2031 |
| Market Size 2025 | USD 91.44 Billion |
| Market Size 2031 | USD 145.83 Billion |
| CAGR 2026-2031 | 8.09% |
| Fastest Growing Segment | Electric Bus |
| Largest Market | Asia Pacific |
However, the substantial capital investment needed to transition to zero-emission powertrains and build the necessary charging infrastructure poses a significant challenge to broader market growth. As reported by the European Automobile Manufacturers' Association, new EU bus sales increased by 9.2% in 2024 compared to the previous year, totaling 35,579 units. Despite this positive regional performance, the high upfront costs associated with electrification continue to be a barrier for operators in price-sensitive markets, potentially decelerating the global pace of fleet renewal.
Market Driver
The enforcement of stringent vehicle emission regulations is fundamentally reshaping the Global Bus and Coach Market as governments worldwide impose aggressive decarbonization goals. Policy measures such as low-emission zones and mandates for acquiring zero-emission fleets are pushing manufacturers to shift from internal combustion engines to electric and hydrogen powertrains. This regulatory pressure is driving actual changes in fleet composition across key economic regions, forcing operators to retire aging diesel vehicles early. For example, the European Automobile Manufacturers' Association reported in October 2025 that while van and truck registrations declined, bus registrations rose by 3.6% in the first three quarters of 2025, with electrically-chargeable buses capturing a 22.7% share. This compliance-driven demand ensures continued investment in green technologies, overriding cyclical economic downturns that might otherwise delay capital-intensive fleet updates.
Simultaneously, rapid urbanization and the growing demand for public transportation act as primary catalysts for market volume growth, regardless of the powertrain type. As metropolitan populations rise, transit authorities face increasing pressure to expand capacity and modernize networks to reduce congestion, leading to higher procurement rates for high-capacity buses. This resurgence in mass mobility is clear in post-pandemic recovery data; the American Public Transportation Association's September 2025 fact book noted that ridership hit 7.66 billion trips in 2024, signaling a robust recovery necessitating fleet expansion. Consequently, major OEMs are seeing stable order books, as evidenced by Daimler Buses recording a strong sales result of 26,646 buses in 2024, a 2% increase over the previous year, according to a May 2025 report by Truck & Bus Builder.
Market Challenge
The significant capital investment required to transition to zero-emission powertrains and establish the necessary charging infrastructure is a critical factor hindering the wider expansion of the global bus and coach market. Operators face a dual financial burden, as they must cover the high upfront costs of electric or hydrogen vehicles while also funding complex grid upgrades and charging stations. This financial pressure is particularly severe for private carriers and public agencies with limited budgets, often compelling them to postpone fleet renewal programs or reduce procurement plans. As a result, the high cost of complying with environmental mandates effectively acts as a brake on consistent market volume growth.
This economic strain has led to observable volatility in vehicle registrations, disrupting the sector's recovery momentum. Market performance has fluctuated as operators struggle to manage these capital demands. For instance, the European Automobile Manufacturers' Association reported in 2025 that new EU bus registrations fell by 4.4% in the first half of the year compared to the same period in 2024. Such periods of contraction underscore the fragility of market demand when it is heavily reliant on expensive technological shifts, demonstrating how the financial barriers of electrification directly impede the industry's ability to sustain steady growth.
Market Trends
The deployment of Autonomous and Advanced Driver-Assistance Systems is progressing from controlled pilot programs to viable public road integration, driven by the need to improve operational safety and address chronic driver shortages. Manufacturers are aggressively incorporating Level 4 automation capabilities into transit platforms, allowing vehicles to navigate complex urban environments and mixed traffic without constant human intervention. This technological advancement enables fleet operators to optimize labor allocation and lower accident-related costs, bringing the technology closer to commercial scalability. For example, according to Busworld Europe in May 2025, the Karsan Autonomous e-ATAK became the first autonomous bus to receive Level-4 testing approval for public transport use in Hannover, marking a significant regulatory breakthrough for the European market.
At the same time, the integration of Hydrogen Fuel Cell Technology is gaining momentum as a crucial complement to battery-electric solutions, particularly for intercity and high-end coach segments where range anxiety and refueling downtime are major constraints. Unlike battery-dependent models that require long charging sessions, hydrogen fuel cell vehicles offer operational continuity similar to legacy diesel fleets, making them essential for long-haul routes that need rapid turnaround times. This shift is fueling targeted research and development to maximize powertrain efficiency for extended travel. As reported by Sustainable Bus in April 2025, Wrightbus announced a £25 million R&D investment, committing £5 million specifically to develop a hydrogen-powered coach capable of traveling up to 1,000 km on a single refuel, directly addressing the endurance needs of long-distance operators.
Report Scope
In this report, the Global Bus and Coach Market has been segmented into the following categories, in addition to the industry trends which have also been detailed below:
Company Profiles: Detailed analysis of the major companies present in the Global Bus and Coach Market.
Global Bus and Coach Market report with the given market data, TechSci Research offers customizations according to a company's specific needs. The following customization options are available for the report: