![]() |
市场调查报告书
商品编码
1965319
机械储能市场-全球产业规模、份额、趋势、机会、预测:按类型、最终用户、地区和竞争格局划分,2021-2031年Mechanical Energy Storage Market - Global Industry Size, Share, Trends, Opportunity, and Forecast, Segmented By Type (Pumped Hydro Storage, Compressed Air Energy Storage, Flywheel Energy Storage ), By End-User, By Region & Competition, 2021-2031F |
||||||
全球机械储能市场预计将从 2025 年的 200.7 亿美元成长到 2031 年的 304.9 亿美元,复合年增长率为 7.22%。
该市场涵盖利用飞轮、压缩空气和抽水蓄能等技术将电能以动能或位能的形式储存,并根据需要释放电力的系统。推动这一成长的关键因素包括:为支持间歇性再生能源来源日益增长的电网现代化需求,以及全球为实现脱碳目标而做出的努力,后者需要可靠的负载平衡能力。例如,国际水力发电协会(IHA)在2024年的报告中指出,全球抽水蓄能装置容量将比前一年增加6.5吉瓦,达到182吉瓦,显示人们对这些机械系统的依赖仍在持续。
| 市场概览 | |
|---|---|
| 预测期 | 2027-2031 |
| 市场规模:2025年 | 200.7亿美元 |
| 市场规模:2031年 | 304.9亿美元 |
| 复合年增长率:2026-2031年 | 7.22% |
| 成长最快的细分市场 | 飞轮储能(FES) |
| 最大的市场 | 亚太地区 |
儘管取得了这些积极进展,但该领域仍面临一个重大障碍:设施建设所需的高初始资本支出。大规模机械储能计划通常涉及大量的领先成本和漫长的开发週期,这可能会抑制投资热情,并阻碍在成本敏感地区快速部署。这些资金和时间需求构成了推广应用的障碍,可能会减缓这些关键基础设施计划的推进速度。
间歇性再生能源来源的併网是全球机械储能市场的重要驱动力。随着各国加速部署风能和太阳能资产以实现脱碳目标,电网营运商面临管理发电和用电之间固有波动的挑战。机械系统,特别是重力储能和抽水蓄能,发挥至关重要的缓衝作用,能够储存可再生能源的尖峰时段盈余,并在电力短缺时释放。全球风力发电理事会(GWEC)于2024年4月发布的《2024年全球风能报告》强调了此类储能基础设施的迫切性。报告指出,2023年全球风能产业新增装置容量达到创纪录的117吉瓦,凸显了建立健全机制以因应大规模电力波动的必要性。
同时,对长期储能日益增长的需求正推动先进机械技术的应用。电化学电池在放电时间超过四小时后往往面临技术和经济上的限制,而压缩空气储能(CAES)等机械替代技术则能以经济高效的方式在更长时间内平衡电网,确保在季节性波动和持续极端天气事件期间的供电可靠性。根据中国能源传媒集团报道,2024年4月,位于湖北省应城市、装置容量300兆瓦的CAES计划併网发电,证明了其商业性可行性。该项目是全球最大的CAES设施之一。此外,长期储能係统(LDES)理事会于2024年6月发布的报告也印证了这一领域的强劲发展势头:全球长期储能计划累积在建容量已超过140吉瓦,显示市场对非电池储能方案表现出浓厚的兴趣。
机械储能仓储设施的建设需要大量的初始投资,这成为市场扩张的一大障碍。压缩空气储能和抽水蓄能等技术需要购买大片土地、购置专用重型机械以及进行大规模土木工程,所有这些都会导致巨额的初始成本。这种经济负担通常会将潜在投资者限制在国有企业和大型电力公司,而在融资困难的开发中国家,中小型私人企业实际上被拒之门外,从而延缓了计划的启动。
因此,目前的装机速度远低于全球实现净零排放的需求。产业组织指出的投资缺口凸显了这项资金障碍的严重性。例如,国际水力发电协会在2024年宣布,到2050年,全球发电能力翻倍需要累积投资约3.7兆美元(约每年1,300亿美元)。如此庞大的资金需求凸显了筹集充足资金的难度,阻碍了有效支持电网现代化和脱碳工作所需的快速部署。
液态空气储能(LAES)的扩展正成为一股重要趋势,从试点阶段走向广泛的商业部署。与受特定地理位置限制的抽水蓄能水力发电厂不同,LAES利用剩余电力将空气液化并储存在储槽中,从而提供现代化改造不同电网所需的位置柔软性。这项技术的成熟正推动大量资金流入大型基础设施计划。根据Energy-Storage.news 2024年6月的一篇报道,Highview Power获得了一笔里程碑式的3亿英镑投资,用于在英国建设一座300兆瓦时的商业LAES电站。这显示投资者对低温储能技术作为电网稳定可扩展解决方案的坚定信心。
同时,将废弃矿井维修为地下机械仓储设施也因其能有效利用现有工业资产而备受关注。此策略利用现有的深井,透过移动重物产生重力位能,同时也能解决土地资源稀缺的问题。透过利用现有的垂直基础设施,开发商可以避免与新建案相关的高昂土木工程成本,并振兴閒置的工业区。例如,澳洲光伏杂誌(PV Magazine Australia)在2024年10月报道称,Green Gravity公司已完成A轮资金筹措,筹集了900万美元,用于将重力技术应用于废弃矿井,这体现了这一细分市场的成长势头。这正是透过将废弃矿井改造为重要的能源资产,向循环经济原则进行策略性转变的一个例证。
The Global Mechanical Energy Storage Market is projected to expand from USD 20.07 Billion in 2025 to USD 30.49 Billion by 2031, registering a Compound Annual Growth Rate (CAGR) of 7.22%. This market encompasses systems designed to conserve electricity as kinetic or potential energy, employing technologies like flywheels, compressed air, and pumped hydropower to release power upon demand. The primary forces driving this growth include the intensifying need for grid modernization to support intermittent renewable energy sources and the global push toward decarbonization, which requires dependable load-balancing capabilities. Highlighting the enduring reliance on these mechanical systems, the International Hydropower Association reported in 2024 that global pumped storage hydropower capacity increased by 6.5 GW in the previous year, bringing the total to 182 GW.
| Market Overview | |
|---|---|
| Forecast Period | 2027-2031 |
| Market Size 2025 | USD 20.07 Billion |
| Market Size 2031 | USD 30.49 Billion |
| CAGR 2026-2031 | 7.22% |
| Fastest Growing Segment | Flywheel Energy Storage (FES) |
| Largest Market | Asia Pacific |
Despite this favorable trajectory, the sector faces a substantial obstacle regarding the high initial capital expenditures necessary for facility construction. Large-scale mechanical storage initiatives typically involve significant upfront costs and extended development schedules, factors that can discourage investment and hinder rapid implementation in cost-sensitive regions. These financial and temporal demands create barriers to deployment, potentially slowing the momentum of these essential infrastructure projects.
Market Driver
The assimilation of intermittent renewable energy sources acts as a fundamental catalyst for the Global Mechanical Energy Storage Market. As nations expedite the deployment of wind and solar assets to meet decarbonization goals, grid operators face the challenge of managing the inherent fluctuations between energy generation and consumption. Mechanical systems, especially gravity-based solutions and pumped hydropower, serve as crucial shock absorbers that stockpile surplus renewable energy during peak production and discharge it during generation deficits. Underscoring the urgency for such storage infrastructure, the Global Wind Energy Council's 'Global Wind Report 2024' noted in April 2024 that the global wind industry added a record-breaking 117 GW of new capacity in 2023, highlighting the necessity for robust mechanisms to handle large-scale power variability.
Simultaneously, the rising demand for long-duration energy storage is stimulating the adoption of advanced mechanical technologies. While electrochemical batteries often encounter technical and economic constraints beyond four hours of discharge, mechanical alternatives like compressed air energy storage (CAES) offer a cost-efficient means for utility-scale balancing over longer periods, ensuring supply reliability during seasonal shifts or prolonged weather events. This commercial viability was demonstrated when, according to the China Energy Media Group in April 2024, the world's largest CAES station, the Hubei Yingcheng 300 MW project, was connected to the grid. Further reflecting this sector momentum, the LDES Council reported in June 2024 that the cumulative global pipeline for long-duration energy storage projects had surpassed 140 GW, indicating strong market interest in non-battery options.
Market Challenge
The substantial initial capital expenditure required to construct mechanical energy storage facilities represents a significant barrier to market expansion. Technologies such as compressed air energy storage and pumped hydropower demand extensive land acquisition, specialized heavy machinery, and massive civil engineering undertakings, all of which result in prohibitive upfront costs. This financial burden generally limits the pool of potential investors to state-funded entities or large utilities, effectively excluding smaller private enterprises and delaying project initiation in developing economies where capital availability is restricted.
Consequently, the rate of installation falls considerably short of the global requirements for achieving net-zero transitions. The scale of this financial hurdle is evident in the investment deficits identified by industry organizations. For instance, the International Hydropower Association stated in 2024 that doubling global capacity by 2050 would necessitate a cumulative investment of roughly US$3.7 trillion, or approximately US$130 billion annually. This immense funding requirement emphasizes the difficulty in securing adequate capital, thereby stalling the rapid deployment needed to effectively support grid modernization and decarbonization efforts.
Market Trends
The expansion of Liquid Air Energy Storage (LAES) is emerging as a pivotal trend, marking a transition from pilot phases to widespread commercial deployment. Unlike pumped hydro, which is constrained by specific geographic requirements, LAES utilizes excess electricity to liquefy air for storage in tanks, providing the location flexibility necessary for modernizing diverse power grids. This technological maturity is now attracting significant capital for large-scale infrastructure projects, as evidenced by Energy-Storage.news reporting in June 2024 that Highview Power secured a landmark £300 million investment to build a 300 MWh commercial-scale LAES plant in the UK, signaling robust investor confidence in cryogenic storage as a scalable solution for network stabilization.
Concurrently, the practice of retrofitting decommissioned mines for underground mechanical storage is gaining traction as a method to repurpose legacy industrial assets. This strategy leverages existing deep shafts to move heavy weights, generating gravitational potential energy while simultaneously addressing land scarcity issues. By utilizing pre-built vertical infrastructure, developers can avoid the steep civil engineering costs associated with greenfield projects and revitalize dormant industrial zones. Illustrating the growth of this niche, PV Magazine Australia reported in October 2024 that Green Gravity raised $9 million in Series A funding to implement its gravitational technology in unused mine shafts, demonstrating a strategic shift towards circular economy principles by transforming abandoned sites into critical energy assets.
Report Scope
In this report, the Global Mechanical Energy Storage Market has been segmented into the following categories, in addition to the industry trends which have also been detailed below:
Company Profiles: Detailed analysis of the major companies present in the Global Mechanical Energy Storage Market.
Global Mechanical Energy Storage Market report with the given market data, TechSci Research offers customizations according to a company's specific needs. The following customization options are available for the report: