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市场调查报告书
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1965933

二氧化碳基化学品和聚合物市场－全球产业规模、份额、趋势、机会、预测：按类型、应用、地区和竞争格局划分，2021-2031年

Carbon Dioxide Based Chemicals and Polymers Market - Global Industry Size, Share, Trends, Opportunity, and Forecast, Segmented By Type, By Application, By Region & Competition, 2021-2031F
出版日期: | 出版商: TechSci Research | 英文 185 Pages | 商品交期: 2-3个工作天内

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简介目录

全球二氧化碳基化学品和聚合物市场预计将从 2025 年的 31.1 亿美元成长到 2031 年的 56.8 亿美元，复合年增长率为 10.56%。

在这个工业领域，回收的二氧化碳被用作主要的可再生原料，用于合成甲醇、尿素、聚碳酸酯和聚氨酯等高附加价值产品。市场扩张的根本驱动力在于迫切需要实现脱碳，以减少工业温室气体排放，以及向有效利用废弃碳的循环经济模式进行策略转型。此外，原料多元化对于降低对波动性石化燃料市场的依赖至关重要，这也成为推动产业长期采用该技术的强大催化剂。

市场概览
预测期 2027-2031
市场规模：2025年 31.1亿美元
市场规模：2031年 56.8亿美元
复合年增长率：2026-2031年 10.56%
成长最快的细分市场 包装
最大的市场 亚太地区

根据可再生碳倡议（RCI）的数据，到2024年，全球二氧化碳基产品的产能将超过130万吨，这显示该产业正从试点阶段迈向真正的工业化规模。儘管取得了这一进展，但该市场在经济可行性方面仍面临重大挑战。主要原因是与传统的石化燃料生产方式相比，碳捕获和转化需要更高的能源消耗和相关成本。这种成本差距仍然是限制其广泛商业性竞争力和快速市场扩张的主要障碍。

市场驱动因素

碳捕获与利用（CCU）技术的加速应用正在从根本上重塑市场格局，确保工业规模化生产所需的可再生原料供应。随着这些技术从先导计画走向运作设施，原料供应瓶颈将得到缓解，使製造商能够直接利用工业排放合成甲醇、燃料和聚合物。全球碳氧化物捕获与管理基础设施的强劲扩张为这项转型提供了支持。根据国际能源总署（IEA）2025年5月发布的CCUS计划资料库更新，全球捕碳封存（CCS）的运作能力将超过5,000万吨。兰札泰克公司（Lanzatec）在2025年发布的报告显示，其碳回收业务在2024财年创造了4,960万美元的全年收入，这商业性了该领域的商业可行性，并满足了市场对废弃碳衍生产品日益增长的需求。

同时，企业对循环经济和永续性目标的日益关注，正推动对二氧化碳基产品系列的大规模投资。领先的化工集团正积极将循环经济原则融入其业务，以减少范围3排放，并将二氧化碳视为化石燃料的宝贵替代品，而非废弃物。这项策略转变也清楚地体现在研发预算向永续创新领域的重新分配。例如，BASF于2025年3月发布的《2024年报告》指出，过去五年推出的产品已累计了约110亿欧元的销售额，约45%的新专利都与永续性相关。这项承诺确保了二氧化碳基化学品将成为长期成长策略中的经济优先事项。

市场挑战

全球二氧化碳衍生化学品和聚合物市场成长面临的一个根本障碍是二氧化碳生产与现有石化燃料製程之间存在巨大的成本差距。利用二氧化碳合成化学品需要大量的能量输入来打破稳定的碳氧键，这需要使用昂贵的可再生氢和先进的催化剂。这导致营运成本和资本支出居高不下。因此，製造商面临利润空间狭窄的困境，因为甲醇和聚合物等大宗商品的最终市场价格通常由价格更低廉、大规模生产的石化产品决定。这种「绿色溢价」阻碍了投资者的积极性，并阻碍了技术从试点阶段向大规模商业化的过渡。

缺乏经济竞争直接阻碍了规划计划的实现，并造成了产业兴趣与实际实施之间的差距。根据全球碳捕获与封存研究院（Global CCS Institute）的数据显示，2024年在开发平臺捕碳封存设施的总产能年增了60%。儘管开发活动活性化，计划公告数量上升，但这些在建工程转化为运作中工业产能的进程仍然缓慢。碳捕获与转化技术的巨额资金负担使得许多提案项目无法做出最终投资决定（FID），从而限制了整体市场扩张的速度。

市场趋势

二氧化碳衍生甲醇产能的扩张是关键的市场趋势，其驱动力来自航运业积极转型为低碳燃料以及化学产业对永续原料的需求。生产商正从试验阶段迈向大规模工业化部署，利用电转液燃料技术，以回收的生物基二氧化碳和可再生氢为原料合成电甲醇。这项基础设施建设的直接目标是满足绿色船用燃料的监管要求，并减少下游塑胶的碳足迹。根据甲醇协会2025年5月的最新报告，该产业目前在全球追踪220个可再生甲醇计划，并预计到2030年总产能将达到3,710万吨。

同时，二氧化碳基聚碳酸酯的快速商业化正在改变材料产业，各大化工企业纷纷将回收碳融入高性能工程塑胶的生产中。这一趋势的特点是企业对生产能力进行大量投资，旨在生产出能够显着降低生命週期排放，同时保持原生材料耐久性和光学性能的聚碳酸酯。製造商正策略性地拓展面向汽车和电子产业的此类产品线，这些产业正加大对低碳材料的采用力度，以确保与循环经济的兼容性。例如，科思创股份公司于2025年1月宣布投资数亿欧元，扩大其位于俄亥俄州的聚碳酸酯生产基地，以满足不断增长的市场需求。

目录

第一章概述

第二章：调查方法

第三章执行摘要

第四章：客户心声

第五章 二氧化碳基化学品和聚合物的全球市场展望

  • 市场规模及预测
    • 按金额
  • 市占率及预测
    • 按类型（聚碳酸酯、聚氨酯、聚碳酸乙烯酯、其他）
    • 依应用领域（包装、涂层、黏合剂/密封剂、其他）
    • 按地区
    • 按公司（2025 年）
  • 市场地图

第六章：北美二氧化碳基化学品和聚合物市场展望

  • 市场规模及预测
  • 市占率及预测
  • 北美洲：国别分析
    • 我们
    • 加拿大
    • 墨西哥

第七章：欧洲二氧化碳基化学品和聚合物市场展望

  • 市场规模及预测
  • 市占率及预测
  • 欧洲：国别分析
    • 德国
    • 法国
    • 英国
    • 义大利
    • 西班牙

第八章：亚太地区二氧化碳基化学品和聚合物市场展望

  • 市场规模及预测
  • 市占率及预测
  • 亚太地区：国别分析
    • 中国
    • 印度
    • 日本
    • 韩国
    • 澳洲

第九章：中东和非洲二氧化碳基化学品和聚合物市场展望

  • 市场规模及预测
  • 市占率及预测
  • 中东与非洲：国别分析
    • 沙乌地阿拉伯
    • 阿拉伯聯合大公国
    • 南非

第十章：南美洲二氧化碳基化学品与聚合物市场展望

  • 市场规模及预测
  • 市占率及预测
  • 南美洲：国别分析
    • 巴西
    • 哥伦比亚
    • 阿根廷

第十一章 市场动态

  • 促进因素
  • 任务

第十二章 市场趋势与发展

  • 併购
  • 产品发布
  • 近期趋势

第十三章 全球二氧化碳基化学物质与聚合物市场：SWOT分析

第十四章：波特五力分析

  • 产业竞争
  • 新进入者的潜力
  • 供应商的议价能力
  • 顾客权力
  • 替代品的威胁

第十五章 竞争格局

  • Asahei Kasei Advanced Corporation
  • Covestro AG
  • Saudi Arabian Oil Company
  • SK Innovation Co. Ltd
  • Lanzatech Global Inc
  • Empower Materials Inc
  • Cardia Bioplastics
  • Econic Technologies Ltd
  • China National Offshore Oil Corporation International Ltd
  • Avantium NV

第十六章 策略建议

第十七章：关于研究公司及免责声明

简介目录
Product Code: 14529

The Global Carbon Dioxide Based Chemicals and Polymers Market is projected to grow from USD 3.11 Billion in 2025 to USD 5.68 Billion by 2031, registering a compound annual growth rate of 10.56%. This industrial sector utilizes captured carbon dioxide as a primary renewable feedstock to synthesize value-added products such as methanol, urea, polycarbonates, and polyurethanes. The market's expansion is fundamentally driven by the urgent global mandate for decarbonization to reduce industrial greenhouse gas emissions, alongside a strategic shift toward circular economy models that valorize waste carbon. Additionally, the critical need for feedstock diversification to decrease reliance on volatile fossil fuel markets serves as a powerful catalyst for long-term industry adoption.

Market Overview
Forecast Period2027-2031
Market Size 2025USD 3.11 Billion
Market Size 2031USD 5.68 Billion
CAGR 2026-203110.56%
Fastest Growing SegmentPackaging
Largest MarketAsia Pacific

According to the Renewable Carbon Initiative, the global production capacity for CO2-based products surpassed 1.3 million tonnes in 2024, signaling the sector's transition from pilot phases to tangible industrial scale. Despite this progress, the market faces a significant challenge regarding economic viability, primarily due to the high energy intensity and associated costs required to capture and convert carbon dioxide compared to established fossil-based production routes. This cost disparity remains a substantial impediment to widespread commercial competitiveness and rapid market expansion.

Market Driver

The accelerating adoption of Carbon Capture and Utilization (CCU) technologies is fundamentally reshaping the market by securing necessary renewable feedstocks for industrial scale-up. As these technologies mature from pilot projects to operational facilities, they alleviate feedstock availability bottlenecks, allowing manufacturers to synthesize methanol, fuels, and polymers directly from industrial emissions. This transition is supported by a robust expansion in global infrastructure for capturing and managing carbon oxides; according to the International Energy Agency's 'CCUS Projects Database update' in May 2025, global operational capacity for carbon capture and storage has reached just over 50 million tonnes. Highlighting the sector's commercial viability, LanzaTech reported a full-year 2024 revenue of $49.6 million from its carbon recycling operations in 2025, validating the growing demand for waste carbon derivatives.

Simultaneously, the rising corporate focus on circular economy and sustainability goals is driving significant investment into CO2-based product portfolios. Major chemical conglomerates are aggressively integrating circular principles to reduce Scope 3 emissions, viewing carbon dioxide as a valuable alternative to fossil-based raw materials rather than waste. This strategic pivot is evident in the reallocation of R&D budgets towards sustainable innovations; for instance, BASF's 'Report 2024' in March 2025 noted that the company generated approximately €11 billion in sales from products launched in the last five years, with nearly 45% of its new patents focusing on sustainability. This commitment ensures that CO2-based chemicals are economically prioritized within long-term growth strategies.

Market Challenge

The fundamental impediment to the growth of the Global Carbon Dioxide Based Chemicals and Polymers Market is the substantial cost disparity between CO2-based production and established fossil-fuel pathways. Synthesizing chemicals from carbon dioxide requires significant energy inputs to break stable carbon-oxygen bonds, necessitating the use of expensive renewable hydrogen and advanced catalysts, which results in high operational and capital expenditures. Consequently, manufacturers face difficult profit margins because the final market prices for commodities like methanol and polymers are typically dictated by cheaper, mass-produced petrochemical alternatives. This "green premium" creates hesitation among investors, stalling the transition of technology from pilot phases to mass commercialization.

This lack of economic competitiveness directly hampers the realization of planned projects, causing a disconnect between industry interest and actual deployment. According to the Global CCS Institute, the total capacity of carbon capture and storage facilities in the development pipeline increased by 60% in 2024 compared to the previous year. Despite this surge in developmental activity and project announcements, the conversion of this pipeline into operational industrial capacity remains slow. The financial burden of capture and conversion technologies prevents many of these proposed facilities from reaching Final Investment Decision (FID), thereby restricting the overall market expansion rate.

Market Trends

The scaling of CO2-derived methanol production capacities represents a pivotal trend in the market, driven by the shipping industry's aggressive shift towards low-carbon fuels and the chemical sector's demand for sustainable feedstock. Producers are moving beyond pilot demonstrations to large-scale industrial deployments, leveraging Power-to-Liquid technologies to synthesize e-methanol from captured biogenic carbon dioxide and renewable hydrogen. This surge in infrastructure is directly aimed at meeting regulatory mandates for green maritime fuels and reducing the carbon footprint of downstream plastics; according to the Methanol Institute's May 2025 update, the sector now tracks 220 renewable methanol projects worldwide with a total anticipated production capacity of 37.1 million tonnes by 2030.

Simultaneously, the rapid commercialization of CO2-based polycarbonates is altering the material landscape as major chemical companies integrate captured carbon into high-performance engineering plastics. This trend is characterized by substantial investments in manufacturing capabilities to produce polycarbonates that maintain the durability and optical properties of virgin materials while significantly lowering lifecycle emissions. Manufacturers are strategically expanding these product lines to serve the automotive and electronics sectors, which are increasingly specifying low-carbon materials for circularity compliance; for example, Covestro AG announced in January 2025 an investment in the low triple-digit million Euro range to expand its polycarbonate production capabilities in Ohio to meet this growing demand.

Key Market Players

  • Asahei Kasei Advanced Corporation
  • Covestro AG
  • Saudi Arabian Oil Company
  • SK Innovation Co. Ltd
  • Lanzatech Global Inc
  • Empower Materials Inc
  • Cardia Bioplastics
  • Econic Technologies Ltd
  • China National Offshore Oil Corporation International Ltd
  • Avantium N.V.

Report Scope

In this report, the Global Carbon Dioxide Based Chemicals and Polymers Market has been segmented into the following categories, in addition to the industry trends which have also been detailed below:

Carbon Dioxide Based Chemicals and Polymers Market, By Type

  • Polycarbonate
  • Polyurethane
  • Polyethylene Carbonate
  • Others

Carbon Dioxide Based Chemicals and Polymers Market, By Application

  • Packaging
  • Coating
  • Adhesive & Sealant
  • Others

Carbon Dioxide Based Chemicals and Polymers Market, By Region

  • North America
    • United States
    • Canada
    • Mexico
  • Europe
    • France
    • United Kingdom
    • Italy
    • Germany
    • Spain
  • Asia Pacific
    • China
    • India
    • Japan
    • Australia
    • South Korea
  • South America
    • Brazil
    • Argentina
    • Colombia
  • Middle East & Africa
    • South Africa
    • Saudi Arabia
    • UAE

Competitive Landscape

Company Profiles: Detailed analysis of the major companies present in the Global Carbon Dioxide Based Chemicals and Polymers Market.

Available Customizations:

Global Carbon Dioxide Based Chemicals and Polymers Market report with the given market data, TechSci Research offers customizations according to a company's specific needs. The following customization options are available for the report:

Company Information

  • Detailed analysis and profiling of additional market players (up to five).

Table of Contents

1. Product Overview

  • 1.1. Market Definition
  • 1.2. Scope of the Market
    • 1.2.1. Markets Covered
    • 1.2.2. Years Considered for Study
    • 1.2.3. Key Market Segmentations

2. Research Methodology

  • 2.1. Objective of the Study
  • 2.2. Baseline Methodology
  • 2.3. Key Industry Partners
  • 2.4. Major Association and Secondary Sources
  • 2.5. Forecasting Methodology
  • 2.6. Data Triangulation & Validation
  • 2.7. Assumptions and Limitations

3. Executive Summary

  • 3.1. Overview of the Market
  • 3.2. Overview of Key Market Segmentations
  • 3.3. Overview of Key Market Players
  • 3.4. Overview of Key Regions/Countries
  • 3.5. Overview of Market Drivers, Challenges, Trends

4. Voice of Customer

5. Global Carbon Dioxide Based Chemicals and Polymers Market Outlook

  • 5.1. Market Size & Forecast
    • 5.1.1. By Value
  • 5.2. Market Share & Forecast
    • 5.2.1. By Type (Polycarbonate, Polyurethane, Polyethylene Carbonate, Others)
    • 5.2.2. By Application (Packaging, Coating, Adhesive & Sealant, Others)
    • 5.2.3. By Region
    • 5.2.4. By Company (2025)
  • 5.3. Market Map

6. North America Carbon Dioxide Based Chemicals and Polymers Market Outlook

  • 6.1. Market Size & Forecast
    • 6.1.1. By Value
  • 6.2. Market Share & Forecast
    • 6.2.1. By Type
    • 6.2.2. By Application
    • 6.2.3. By Country
  • 6.3. North America: Country Analysis
    • 6.3.1. United States Carbon Dioxide Based Chemicals and Polymers Market Outlook
      • 6.3.1.1. Market Size & Forecast
        • 6.3.1.1.1. By Value
      • 6.3.1.2. Market Share & Forecast
        • 6.3.1.2.1. By Type
        • 6.3.1.2.2. By Application
    • 6.3.2. Canada Carbon Dioxide Based Chemicals and Polymers Market Outlook
      • 6.3.2.1. Market Size & Forecast
        • 6.3.2.1.1. By Value
      • 6.3.2.2. Market Share & Forecast
        • 6.3.2.2.1. By Type
        • 6.3.2.2.2. By Application
    • 6.3.3. Mexico Carbon Dioxide Based Chemicals and Polymers Market Outlook
      • 6.3.3.1. Market Size & Forecast
        • 6.3.3.1.1. By Value
      • 6.3.3.2. Market Share & Forecast
        • 6.3.3.2.1. By Type
        • 6.3.3.2.2. By Application

7. Europe Carbon Dioxide Based Chemicals and Polymers Market Outlook

  • 7.1. Market Size & Forecast
    • 7.1.1. By Value
  • 7.2. Market Share & Forecast
    • 7.2.1. By Type
    • 7.2.2. By Application
    • 7.2.3. By Country
  • 7.3. Europe: Country Analysis
    • 7.3.1. Germany Carbon Dioxide Based Chemicals and Polymers Market Outlook
      • 7.3.1.1. Market Size & Forecast
        • 7.3.1.1.1. By Value
      • 7.3.1.2. Market Share & Forecast
        • 7.3.1.2.1. By Type
        • 7.3.1.2.2. By Application
    • 7.3.2. France Carbon Dioxide Based Chemicals and Polymers Market Outlook
      • 7.3.2.1. Market Size & Forecast
        • 7.3.2.1.1. By Value
      • 7.3.2.2. Market Share & Forecast
        • 7.3.2.2.1. By Type
        • 7.3.2.2.2. By Application
    • 7.3.3. United Kingdom Carbon Dioxide Based Chemicals and Polymers Market Outlook
      • 7.3.3.1. Market Size & Forecast
        • 7.3.3.1.1. By Value
      • 7.3.3.2. Market Share & Forecast
        • 7.3.3.2.1. By Type
        • 7.3.3.2.2. By Application
    • 7.3.4. Italy Carbon Dioxide Based Chemicals and Polymers Market Outlook
      • 7.3.4.1. Market Size & Forecast
        • 7.3.4.1.1. By Value
      • 7.3.4.2. Market Share & Forecast
        • 7.3.4.2.1. By Type
        • 7.3.4.2.2. By Application
    • 7.3.5. Spain Carbon Dioxide Based Chemicals and Polymers Market Outlook
      • 7.3.5.1. Market Size & Forecast
        • 7.3.5.1.1. By Value
      • 7.3.5.2. Market Share & Forecast
        • 7.3.5.2.1. By Type
        • 7.3.5.2.2. By Application

8. Asia Pacific Carbon Dioxide Based Chemicals and Polymers Market Outlook

  • 8.1. Market Size & Forecast
    • 8.1.1. By Value
  • 8.2. Market Share & Forecast
    • 8.2.1. By Type
    • 8.2.2. By Application
    • 8.2.3. By Country
  • 8.3. Asia Pacific: Country Analysis
    • 8.3.1. China Carbon Dioxide Based Chemicals and Polymers Market Outlook
      • 8.3.1.1. Market Size & Forecast
        • 8.3.1.1.1. By Value
      • 8.3.1.2. Market Share & Forecast
        • 8.3.1.2.1. By Type
        • 8.3.1.2.2. By Application
    • 8.3.2. India Carbon Dioxide Based Chemicals and Polymers Market Outlook
      • 8.3.2.1. Market Size & Forecast
        • 8.3.2.1.1. By Value
      • 8.3.2.2. Market Share & Forecast
        • 8.3.2.2.1. By Type
        • 8.3.2.2.2. By Application
    • 8.3.3. Japan Carbon Dioxide Based Chemicals and Polymers Market Outlook
      • 8.3.3.1. Market Size & Forecast
        • 8.3.3.1.1. By Value
      • 8.3.3.2. Market Share & Forecast
        • 8.3.3.2.1. By Type
        • 8.3.3.2.2. By Application
    • 8.3.4. South Korea Carbon Dioxide Based Chemicals and Polymers Market Outlook
      • 8.3.4.1. Market Size & Forecast
        • 8.3.4.1.1. By Value
      • 8.3.4.2. Market Share & Forecast
        • 8.3.4.2.1. By Type
        • 8.3.4.2.2. By Application
    • 8.3.5. Australia Carbon Dioxide Based Chemicals and Polymers Market Outlook
      • 8.3.5.1. Market Size & Forecast
        • 8.3.5.1.1. By Value
      • 8.3.5.2. Market Share & Forecast
        • 8.3.5.2.1. By Type
        • 8.3.5.2.2. By Application

9. Middle East & Africa Carbon Dioxide Based Chemicals and Polymers Market Outlook

  • 9.1. Market Size & Forecast
    • 9.1.1. By Value
  • 9.2. Market Share & Forecast
    • 9.2.1. By Type
    • 9.2.2. By Application
    • 9.2.3. By Country
  • 9.3. Middle East & Africa: Country Analysis
    • 9.3.1. Saudi Arabia Carbon Dioxide Based Chemicals and Polymers Market Outlook
      • 9.3.1.1. Market Size & Forecast
        • 9.3.1.1.1. By Value
      • 9.3.1.2. Market Share & Forecast
        • 9.3.1.2.1. By Type
        • 9.3.1.2.2. By Application
    • 9.3.2. UAE Carbon Dioxide Based Chemicals and Polymers Market Outlook
      • 9.3.2.1. Market Size & Forecast
        • 9.3.2.1.1. By Value
      • 9.3.2.2. Market Share & Forecast
        • 9.3.2.2.1. By Type
        • 9.3.2.2.2. By Application
    • 9.3.3. South Africa Carbon Dioxide Based Chemicals and Polymers Market Outlook
      • 9.3.3.1. Market Size & Forecast
        • 9.3.3.1.1. By Value
      • 9.3.3.2. Market Share & Forecast
        • 9.3.3.2.1. By Type
        • 9.3.3.2.2. By Application

10. South America Carbon Dioxide Based Chemicals and Polymers Market Outlook

  • 10.1. Market Size & Forecast
    • 10.1.1. By Value
  • 10.2. Market Share & Forecast
    • 10.2.1. By Type
    • 10.2.2. By Application
    • 10.2.3. By Country
  • 10.3. South America: Country Analysis
    • 10.3.1. Brazil Carbon Dioxide Based Chemicals and Polymers Market Outlook
      • 10.3.1.1. Market Size & Forecast
        • 10.3.1.1.1. By Value
      • 10.3.1.2. Market Share & Forecast
        • 10.3.1.2.1. By Type
        • 10.3.1.2.2. By Application
    • 10.3.2. Colombia Carbon Dioxide Based Chemicals and Polymers Market Outlook
      • 10.3.2.1. Market Size & Forecast
        • 10.3.2.1.1. By Value
      • 10.3.2.2. Market Share & Forecast
        • 10.3.2.2.1. By Type
        • 10.3.2.2.2. By Application
    • 10.3.3. Argentina Carbon Dioxide Based Chemicals and Polymers Market Outlook
      • 10.3.3.1. Market Size & Forecast
        • 10.3.3.1.1. By Value
      • 10.3.3.2. Market Share & Forecast
        • 10.3.3.2.1. By Type
        • 10.3.3.2.2. By Application

11. Market Dynamics

  • 11.1. Drivers
  • 11.2. Challenges

12. Market Trends & Developments

  • 12.1. Merger & Acquisition (If Any)
  • 12.2. Product Launches (If Any)
  • 12.3. Recent Developments

13. Global Carbon Dioxide Based Chemicals and Polymers Market: SWOT Analysis

14. Porter's Five Forces Analysis

  • 14.1. Competition in the Industry
  • 14.2. Potential of New Entrants
  • 14.3. Power of Suppliers
  • 14.4. Power of Customers
  • 14.5. Threat of Substitute Products

15. Competitive Landscape

  • 15.1. Asahei Kasei Advanced Corporation
    • 15.1.1. Business Overview
    • 15.1.2. Products & Services
    • 15.1.3. Recent Developments
    • 15.1.4. Key Personnel
    • 15.1.5. SWOT Analysis
  • 15.2. Covestro AG
  • 15.3. Saudi Arabian Oil Company
  • 15.4. SK Innovation Co. Ltd
  • 15.5. Lanzatech Global Inc
  • 15.6. Empower Materials Inc
  • 15.7. Cardia Bioplastics
  • 15.8. Econic Technologies Ltd
  • 15.9. China National Offshore Oil Corporation International Ltd
  • 15.10. Avantium N.V.

16. Strategic Recommendations

17. About Us & Disclaimer