封面
市场调查报告书
商品编码
1552709

异染性脑白质营养不良治疗市场(药物类型:Atidarsagene Autotemcel、DUOC-01、OTL-200 等;最终用户:医院、专科诊所等)- 全球行业分析、规模、份额、增长、趋势和预测, 2024 -2034

Metachromatic Leukodystrophy Treatment Market (Drug Type: Atidarsagene Autotemcel, DUOC-01, OTL-200, and Others; and End-user: Hospitals, Specialty Clinics, and Others) - Global Industry Analysis, Size, Share, Growth, Trends, and Forecast, 2024-2034

出版日期: | 出版商: Transparency Market Research | 英文 113 Pages | 商品交期: 2-10个工作天内

价格

异染性脑白质营养不良治疗市场 - 报告范围

TMR 关于全球异染性脑白质营养不良治疗市场的报告研究了过去以及当前的成长趋势和机会,以获得2024 年至2034 年预测期内市场指标的宝贵见解。白质营养不良治疗的收入2018-2034年期间的市场,考虑2024年为基准年,2034年为预测年。该报告也提供了2024年至2034年全球异染性脑白质营养不良治疗市场的年复合成长率(CAGR%)。

该报告是经过广泛研究后编写的。初级研究涉及大部分研究工作,其中分析师对关键意见领袖、行业领导者和舆论製造者进行了采访。二次研究涉及参考主要参与者的产品文献、年度报告、新闻稿和相关文件,以了解异染性脑白质营养不良治疗市场。

市场概况
2023年市场价值 25亿美元
2034 年市场价值 45 亿美元
复合年增长率 5.6%

该报告深入研究了全球异染性脑白质营养不良治疗市场的竞争格局。全球异染性脑白质营养不良治疗市场的主要参与者已经确定,并且对每位参与者的各种属性进行了分析。公司概况、财务状况、最新发展和 SWOT 是本报告中介绍的全球异染性脑白质营养不良治疗市场参与者的属性。

目录

第一章:前言

第 2 章:假设与研究方法

第 3 章:执行摘要:全球市场

第 4 章:市场概述

  • 介绍
  • 概述
  • 市场动态
  • 2020-2034年全球市场分析与预测

第 5 章:关键见解

  • 管道分析
  • 主要产品/品牌分析
  • 主要併购
  • COVID-19 大流行对该行业的影响

第 6 章:全球市场分析与预测:按药物类型

  • 简介与定义
  • 主要发现/进展
  • 市场价值预测:依药物类型,2020-2034
    • 阿达达萨金·奥托姆塞尔
    • DUOC-01
    • OTL-200
    • 其他(AGT-183等)
  • 市场吸引力分析:按药品类型

第 7 章:全球市场分析与预测:按最终用户

  • 简介与定义
  • 主要发现/进展
  • 市场价值预测:按最终用户,2020-2034
    • 医院
    • 专科诊所
    • 其他(研究所等)
  • 市场吸引力分析:按最终用户

第 8 章:全球市场分析与预测:按地区

  • 主要发现
  • 市场价值预测:按地区,2020-2034
    • 北美洲
    • 欧洲
    • 亚太地区
    • 拉丁美洲
    • 中东和非洲
  • 市场吸引力分析:按地区

第 9 章:北美市场分析与预测

第 10 章:欧洲市场分析与预测

第 11 章:亚太市场分析与预测

第 12 章:拉丁美洲市场分析与预测

第 13 章:中东和非洲市场分析与预测

第 14 章:竞争格局

  • 市场参与者 - 竞争矩阵(依公司层级和规模)
  • 市占率分析:依公司分类(2023)
  • 公司简介
    • JCR Pharmaceuticals Co., Ltd.
    • GSK plc
    • Recursion Pharmaceuticals Inc.
    • REGENXBIO Inc.
Product Code: TMRGL77187

Metachromatic Leukodystrophy Treatment Market - Scope of Report

TMR's report on the global metachromatic leukodystrophy treatment market studies the past as well as the current growth trends and opportunities to gain valuable insights of the indicators of the market during the forecast period from 2024 to 2034. The report provides revenue of the global metachromatic leukodystrophy treatment market for the period 2018-2034, considering 2024 as the base year and 2034 as the forecast year. The report also provides the compound annual growth rate (CAGR %) of the global metachromatic leukodystrophy treatment market from 2024 to 2034.

The report has been prepared after an extensive research. Primary research involved bulk of the research efforts, wherein analysts carried out interviews with key opinion leaders, industry leaders, and opinion makers. Secondary research involved referring to key players' product literature, annual reports, press releases, and relevant documents to understand the metachromatic leukodystrophy treatment market.

Market Snapshot
Market Value in 2023US$ 2.5 Bn
Market Value in 2034US$ 4.5 Bn
CAGR5.6%

Secondary research also included Internet sources, statistical data from government agencies, websites, and trade associations. Analysts employed a combination of top-down and bottom-up approaches to study various attributes of the global metachromatic leukodystrophy treatment market.

The report includes an elaborate executive summary, along with a snapshot of the growth behavior of various segments included in the scope of the study. Moreover, the report throws light on the changing competitive dynamics in the global metachromatic leukodystrophy treatment market. These serve as valuable tools for existing market players as well as for entities interested in participating in the global metachromatic leukodystrophy treatment market.

The report delves into the competitive landscape of the global metachromatic leukodystrophy treatment market. Key players operating in the global metachromatic leukodystrophy treatment market have been identified and each one of these has been profiled in terms of various attributes. Company overview, financial standings, recent developments, and SWOT are the attributes of players in the global metachromatic leukodystrophy treatment market profiled in this report.

Key Questions Answered in Global metachromatic leukodystrophy treatment Market Report:

  • What is the sales/revenue generated by metachromatic leukodystrophy treatment across all regions during the forecast period?
  • What are the opportunities in the global metachromatic leukodystrophy treatment market?
  • What are the major drivers, restraints, opportunities, and threats in the market?
  • Which regional market is set to expand at the fastest CAGR during the forecast period?
  • Which segment is expected to generate the highest revenue globally in 2034?
  • Which segment is projected to expand at the highest CAGR during the forecast period?
  • What are the market positions of different companies operating in the global market?

Metachromatic Leukodystrophy Treatment Market - Research Objectives and Research Approach

The comprehensive report on the global metachromatic leukodystrophy treatment market begins with an overview, followed by the scope and objectives of the study. The report provides detailed explanation of the objectives behind this study and key vendors and distributors operating in the market and regulatory scenario for approval of products.

For reading comprehensibility, the report has been compiled in a chapter-wise layout, with each section divided into smaller ones. The report comprises an exhaustive collection of graphs and tables that are appropriately interspersed. Pictorial representation of actual and projected values of key segments is visually appealing to readers. This also allows comparison of the market shares of key segments in the past and at the end of the forecast period.

The report analyzes the global metachromatic leukodystrophy treatment market in terms of product, end-user, and region. Key segments under each criterion have been studied at length, and the market share for each of these at the end of 2034 has been provided. Such valuable insights enable market stakeholders in making informed business decisions for investment in the global metachromatic leukodystrophy treatment market.

Table of Contents

1. Preface

  • 1.1. Market Definition and Scope
  • 1.2. Market Segmentation
  • 1.3. Key Research Objectives
  • 1.4. Research Highlights

2. Assumptions and Research Methodology

3. Executive Summary: Global Metachromatic Leukodystrophy Treatment Market

4. Market Overview

  • 4.1. Introduction
    • 4.1.1. Product Definition
    • 4.1.2. Industry Evolution/Developments
  • 4.2. Overview
  • 4.3. Market Dynamics
    • 4.3.1. Drivers
    • 4.3.2. Restraints
    • 4.3.3. Opportunities
  • 4.4. Global Metachromatic Leukodystrophy Treatment Market Analysis and Forecast, 2020-2034

5. Key Insights

  • 5.1. Pipeline Analysis
  • 5.2. Key Product/Brand Analysis
  • 5.3. Key Mergers & Acquisitions
  • 5.4. COVID-19 Pandemic Impact on Industry

6. Global Metachromatic Leukodystrophy Treatment Market Analysis and Forecast, by Drug Type

  • 6.1. Introduction & Definition
  • 6.2. Key Findings/Developments
  • 6.3. Market Value Forecast, by Drug Type, 2020-2034
    • 6.3.1. Atidarsagene Autotemcel
    • 6.3.2. DUOC-01
    • 6.3.3. OTL-200
    • 6.3.4. Others (AGT-183, etc.)
  • 6.4. Market Attractiveness Analysis, by Drug Type

7. Global Metachromatic Leukodystrophy Treatment Market Analysis and Forecast, by End-user

  • 7.1. Introduction & Definition
  • 7.2. Key Findings/Developments
  • 7.3. Market Value Forecast, by End-user, 2020-2034
    • 7.3.1. Hospitals
    • 7.3.2. Specialty Clinics
    • 7.3.3. Others (Research Institutes, etc.)
  • 7.4. Market Attractiveness Analysis, by End-user

8. Global Metachromatic Leukodystrophy Treatment Market Analysis and Forecast, by Region

  • 8.1. Key Findings
  • 8.2. Market Value Forecast, by Region, 2020-2034
    • 8.2.1. North America
    • 8.2.2. Europe
    • 8.2.3. Asia Pacific
    • 8.2.4. Latin America
    • 8.2.5. Middle East & Africa
  • 8.3. Market Attractiveness Analysis, by Region

9. North America Metachromatic Leukodystrophy Treatment Market Analysis and Forecast

  • 9.1. Introduction
  • 9.2. Key Findings
  • 9.3. Market Value Forecast, by Drug Type, 2020-2034
    • 9.3.1. Atidarsagene Autotemcel
    • 9.3.2. DUOC-01
    • 9.3.3. OTL-200
    • 9.3.4. Others (AGT-183, etc.)
  • 9.4. Market Value Forecast, by End-user, 2020-2034
    • 9.4.1. Hospitals
    • 9.4.2. Specialty Clinics
    • 9.4.3. Others (Research Institutes, etc.)
  • 9.5. Market Value Forecast, by Country, 2020-2034
    • 9.5.1. U.S.
    • 9.5.2. Canada
  • 9.6. Market Attractiveness Analysis
    • 9.6.1. By Drug Type
    • 9.6.2. By End-user
    • 9.6.3. By Country

10. Europe Metachromatic Leukodystrophy Treatment Market Analysis and Forecast

  • 10.1. Introduction
  • 10.2. Key Findings
  • 10.3. Market Value Forecast, by Drug Type, 2020-2034
    • 10.3.1. Atidarsagene Autotemcel
    • 10.3.2. DUOC-01
    • 10.3.3. OTL-200
    • 10.3.4. Others (AGT-183, etc.)
  • 10.4. Market Value Forecast, by End-user, 2020-2034
    • 10.4.1. Hospitals
    • 10.4.2. Specialty Clinics
    • 10.4.3. Others (Research Institutes, etc.)
  • 10.5. Market Value Forecast, by Country/Sub-region, 2020-2034
    • 10.5.1. Germany
    • 10.5.2. U.K.
    • 10.5.3. France
    • 10.5.4. Italy
    • 10.5.5. Spain
    • 10.5.6. Rest of Europe
  • 10.6. Market Attractiveness Analysis
    • 10.6.1. By Drug Type
    • 10.6.2. By End-user
    • 10.6.3. By Country/Sub-region

11. Asia Pacific Metachromatic Leukodystrophy Treatment Market Analysis and Forecast

  • 11.1. Introduction
  • 11.2. Key Findings
  • 11.3. Market Value Forecast, by Drug Type, 2020-2034
    • 11.3.1. Atidarsagene Autotemcel
    • 11.3.2. DUOC-01
    • 11.3.3. OTL-200
    • 11.3.4. Others (AGT-183, etc.)
  • 11.4. Market Value Forecast, by End-user, 2020-2034
    • 11.4.1. Hospitals
    • 11.4.2. Specialty Clinics
    • 11.4.3. Others (Research Institutes, etc.)
  • 11.5. Market Value Forecast, by Country/Sub-region, 2020-2034
    • 11.5.1. China
    • 11.5.2. Japan
    • 11.5.3. India
    • 11.5.4. Australia & New Zealand
    • 11.5.5. Rest of Asia Pacific
  • 11.6. Market Attractiveness Analysis
    • 11.6.1. By Drug Type
    • 11.6.2. By End-user
    • 11.6.3. By Country/Sub-region

12. Latin America Metachromatic Leukodystrophy Treatment Market Analysis and Forecast

  • 12.1. Introduction
  • 12.2. Key Findings
  • 12.3. Market Value Forecast, by Drug Type, 2020-2034
    • 12.3.1. Atidarsagene Autotemcel
    • 12.3.2. DUOC-01
    • 12.3.3. OTL-200
    • 12.3.4. Others (AGT-183, etc.)
  • 12.4. Market Value Forecast, by End-user, 2020-2034
    • 12.4.1. Hospitals
    • 12.4.2. Specialty Clinics
    • 12.4.3. Others (Research Institutes, etc.)
  • 12.5. Market Value Forecast, by Country/Sub-region, 2020-2034
    • 12.5.1. Brazil
    • 12.5.2. Mexico
    • 12.5.3. Rest of Latin America
  • 12.6. Market Attractiveness Analysis
    • 12.6.1. By Drug Type
    • 12.6.2. By End-user
    • 12.6.3. By Country/Sub-region

13. Middle East & Africa Metachromatic Leukodystrophy Treatment Market Analysis and Forecast

  • 13.1. Introduction
  • 13.2. Key Findings
  • 13.3. Market Value Forecast, by Drug Type, 2020-2034
    • 13.3.1. Atidarsagene Autotemcel
    • 13.3.2. DUOC-01
    • 13.3.3. OTL-200
    • 13.3.4. Others (AGT-183, etc.)
  • 13.4. Market Value Forecast, by End-user, 2020-2034
    • 13.4.1. Hospitals
    • 13.4.2. Specialty Clinics
    • 13.4.3. Others (Research Institutes, etc.)
  • 13.5. Market Value Forecast, by Country/Sub-region, 2020-2034
    • 13.5.1. GCC Countries
    • 13.5.2. South Africa
    • 13.5.3. Rest of Middle East & Africa
  • 13.6. Market Attractiveness Analysis
    • 13.6.1. By Drug Type
    • 13.6.2. By End-user
    • 13.6.3. By Country/Sub-region

14. Competition Landscape

  • 14.1. Market Player - Competitive Matrix (by Tier and Size of Companies)
  • 14.2. Market Share Analysis, by Company (2023)
  • 14.3. Company Profiles
    • 14.3.1. JCR Pharmaceuticals Co., Ltd.
      • 14.3.1.1. Company Overview
      • 14.3.1.2. Product Portfolio
      • 14.3.1.3. SWOT Analysis
      • 14.3.1.4. Financial Overview
      • 14.3.1.5. Strategic Overview
    • 14.3.2. GSK plc
      • 14.3.2.1. Company Overview
      • 14.3.2.2. Product Portfolio
      • 14.3.2.3. SWOT Analysis
      • 14.3.2.4. Financial Overview
      • 14.3.2.5. Strategic Overview
    • 14.3.3. Recursion Pharmaceuticals Inc.
      • 14.3.3.1. Company Overview
      • 14.3.3.2. Product Portfolio
      • 14.3.3.3. SWOT Analysis
      • 14.3.3.4. Financial Overview
      • 14.3.3.5. Strategic Overview
    • 14.3.4. REGENXBIO Inc.
      • 14.3.4.1. Company Overview
      • 14.3.4.2. Product Portfolio
      • 14.3.4.3. SWOT Analysis
      • 14.3.4.4. Financial Overview
      • 14.3.4.5. Strategic Overview

List of Tables

  • Table 01: Global Metachromatic Leukodystrophy Treatment Market Size (US$ Bn) Forecast, by Drug Type, 2020-2034
  • Table 02: Global Metachromatic Leukodystrophy Treatment Market Size (US$ Bn) Forecast, by End-user, 2020-2034
  • Table 03: Global Metachromatic Leukodystrophy Treatment Market Size (US$ Bn) Forecast, by Region, 2020-2034
  • Table 04: North America Metachromatic Leukodystrophy Treatment Market Size (US$ Bn) Forecast, by Country, 2020-2034
  • Table 05: North America Metachromatic Leukodystrophy Treatment Market Size (US$ Bn) Forecast, by Drug Type, 2020-2034
  • Table 06: North America Metachromatic Leukodystrophy Treatment Market Size (US$ Bn) Forecast, by End-user, 2020-2034
  • Table 07: Europe Metachromatic Leukodystrophy Treatment Market Size (US$ Bn) Forecast, by Country/Sub-region, 2020-2034
  • Table 08: Europe Metachromatic Leukodystrophy Treatment Market Size (US$ Bn) Forecast, by Drug Type, 2020-2034
  • Table 09: Europe Metachromatic Leukodystrophy Treatment Market Size (US$ Bn) Forecast, by End-user, 2020-2034
  • Table 10: Asia Pacific Metachromatic Leukodystrophy Treatment Market Size (US$ Bn) Forecast, by Country/Sub-region, 2020-2034
  • Table 11: Asia Pacific Metachromatic Leukodystrophy Treatment Market Size (US$ Bn) Forecast, by Drug Type, 2020-2034
  • Table 12: Asia Pacific Metachromatic Leukodystrophy Treatment Market Size (US$ Bn) Forecast, by End-user, 2020-2034
  • Table 13: Latin America Metachromatic Leukodystrophy Treatment Market Size (US$ Bn) Forecast, by Country/Sub-region, 2020-2034
  • Table 14: Latin America Metachromatic Leukodystrophy Treatment Market Size (US$ Bn) Forecast, by Drug Type, 2020-2034
  • Table 15: Latin America Metachromatic Leukodystrophy Treatment Market Size (US$ Bn) Forecast, by End-user, 2020-2034
  • Table 16: Middle East & Africa Metachromatic Leukodystrophy Treatment Market Size (US$ Bn) Forecast, by Country/Sub-region, 2020-2034
  • Table 17: Middle East & Africa Metachromatic Leukodystrophy Treatment Market Size (US$ Bn) Forecast, by Drug Type, 2020-2034
  • Table 18: Middle East & Africa Metachromatic Leukodystrophy Treatment Market Size (US$ Bn) Forecast, by End-user, 2020-2034

List of Figures

  • Figure 01: Global Metachromatic Leukodystrophy Treatment Market Size (US$ Bn) and Distribution (%), by Region, 2023 and 2034
  • Figure 02: Global Metachromatic Leukodystrophy Treatment Market Revenue (US$ Bn), by Drug Type, 2023
  • Figure 03: Global Metachromatic Leukodystrophy Treatment Market Value Share, by Drug Type, 2023
  • Figure 04: Global Metachromatic Leukodystrophy Treatment Market Revenue (US$ Bn), by End-user, 2023
  • Figure 05: Global Metachromatic Leukodystrophy Treatment Market Value Share, by End-user, 2023
  • Figure 06: Global Metachromatic Leukodystrophy Treatment Market Value Share, by Region, 2023
  • Figure 07: Global Metachromatic Leukodystrophy Treatment Market Value (US$ Bn) Forecast, 2020-2034
  • Figure 08: Global Metachromatic Leukodystrophy Treatment Market Value Share Analysis, by Drug Type, 2023 and 2034
  • Figure 09: Global Metachromatic Leukodystrophy Treatment Market Attractiveness Analysis, by Drug Type, 2020-2034
  • Figure 10: Global Metachromatic Leukodystrophy Treatment Market Value Share Analysis, by End-user, 2023 and 2034
  • Figure 11: Global Metachromatic Leukodystrophy Treatment Market Attractiveness Analysis, by End-user, 2020-2034
  • Figure 12: Global Metachromatic Leukodystrophy Treatment Market Value Share Analysis, by Region, 2023 and 2034
  • Figure 13: Global Metachromatic Leukodystrophy Treatment Market Attractiveness Analysis, by Region, 2020-2034
  • Figure 14: North America Metachromatic Leukodystrophy Treatment Market Value (US$ Bn) Forecast and Y-o-Y Growth (%), 2020-2034
  • Figure 15: North America Metachromatic Leukodystrophy Treatment Market Attractiveness Analysis, by Country, 2020-2034
  • Figure 16: North America Metachromatic Leukodystrophy Treatment Market Value Share Analysis, by Country, 2023 and 2034
  • Figure 17: North America Metachromatic Leukodystrophy Treatment Market Value Share Analysis, by Drug Type, 2023 and 2034
  • Figure 18: North America Metachromatic Leukodystrophy Treatment Market Value Share Analysis, by End-user, 2023 and 2034
  • Figure 19: North America Metachromatic Leukodystrophy Treatment Market Attractiveness Analysis, by Drug Type, 2020-2034
  • Figure 20: North America Metachromatic Leukodystrophy Treatment Market Attractiveness Analysis, by End-user, 2020-2034
  • Figure 21: Europe Metachromatic Leukodystrophy Treatment Market Value (US$ Bn) Forecast and Y-o-Y Growth (%), 2020-2034
  • Figure 22: Europe Metachromatic Leukodystrophy Treatment Market Attractiveness Analysis, by Country/Sub-region, 2020-2034
  • Figure 23: Europe Metachromatic Leukodystrophy Treatment Market Value Share Analysis, by Country/Sub-region, 2023 and 2034
  • Figure 24: Europe Metachromatic Leukodystrophy Treatment Market Value Share Analysis, by Drug Type, 2023 and 2034
  • Figure 25: Europe Metachromatic Leukodystrophy Treatment Market Value Share Analysis, by End-user, 2023 and 2034
  • Figure 26: Europe Metachromatic Leukodystrophy Treatment Market Attractiveness Analysis, by Drug Type, 2020-2034
  • Figure 27: Europe Metachromatic Leukodystrophy Treatment Market Attractiveness Analysis, by End-user, 2020-2034
  • Figure 28: Asia Pacific Metachromatic Leukodystrophy Treatment Market Value (US$ Bn) Forecast and Y-o-Y Growth (%), 2020-2034
  • Figure 29: Asia Pacific Metachromatic Leukodystrophy Treatment Market Attractiveness Analysis, by Country/Sub-region, 2020-2034
  • Figure 30: Asia Pacific Metachromatic Leukodystrophy Treatment Market Value Share Analysis, by Country/Sub-region, 2023 and 2034
  • Figure 31: Asia Pacific Metachromatic Leukodystrophy Treatment Market Value Share Analysis, by Drug Type, 2023 and 2034
  • Figure 32: Asia Pacific Metachromatic Leukodystrophy Treatment Market Value Share Analysis, by End-user, 2023 and 2034
  • Figure 33: Asia Pacific Metachromatic Leukodystrophy Treatment Market Attractiveness Analysis, by Drug Type, 2020-2034
  • Figure 34: Asia Pacific Metachromatic Leukodystrophy Treatment Market Attractiveness Analysis, by End-user, 2020-2034
  • Figure 35: Latin America Metachromatic Leukodystrophy Treatment Market Value (US$ Bn) Forecast and Y-o-Y Growth (%), 2020-2034
  • Figure 36: Latin America Metachromatic Leukodystrophy Treatment Market Attractiveness Analysis, by Country/Sub-region, 2020-2034
  • Figure 37: Latin America Metachromatic Leukodystrophy Treatment Market Value Share Analysis, by Country/Sub-region, 2023 and 2034
  • Figure 38: Latin America Metachromatic Leukodystrophy Treatment Market Value Share Analysis, by Drug Type, 2023 and 2034
  • Figure 39: Latin America Metachromatic Leukodystrophy Treatment Market Value Share Analysis, by End-user, 2023 and 2034
  • Figure 40: Latin America Metachromatic Leukodystrophy Treatment Market Attractiveness Analysis, by Drug Type, 2020-2034
  • Figure 41: Latin America Metachromatic Leukodystrophy Treatment Market Attractiveness Analysis, by End-user, 2020-2034
  • Figure 42: Middle East & Africa Metachromatic Leukodystrophy Treatment Market Size (US$ Bn) Forecast and Y-o-Y Growth (%), 2020-2034
  • Figure 43: Middle East & Africa Metachromatic Leukodystrophy Treatment Market Attractiveness Analysis, by Country/Sub-region, 2020-2034
  • Figure 44: Middle East & Africa Metachromatic Leukodystrophy Treatment Market Value Share Analysis, by Country/Sub-region, 2023 and 2034
  • Figure 45: Middle East & Africa Metachromatic Leukodystrophy Treatment Market Value Share Analysis, by Drug Type, 2023 and 2034
  • Figure 46: Middle East & Africa Metachromatic Leukodystrophy Treatment Market Value Share Analysis, by End-user, 2023 and 2034
  • Figure 47: Middle East & Africa Metachromatic Leukodystrophy Treatment Market Attractiveness Analysis, by Drug Type, 2020-2034
  • Figure 48: Middle East & Africa Metachromatic Leukodystrophy Treatment Market Attractiveness Analysis, by End-user, 2020-2034