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合成气市场:现况分析与预测(2024-2032)Syngas Market: Current Analysis and Forecast (2024-2032) |
推动合成气市场的另一个因素是国际社会对使用清洁能源的兴趣日益浓厚。随着世界各国政府和产业致力于解决碳排放问题,合成气具有巨大的潜力,因为它可以生产更清洁的燃料并减少传统燃料来源的使用。合成气的需求不断增加,因为它在发电中的使用,特别是在联合循环发电厂中,可以实现高效且环保的系统。此外,该市场还观察到气化技术的改进,提高了合成气生产的效率和成本效益。这项进步增加了合成气应用于各种产品的潜力,包括先进的生物燃料和化学合成。例如,2024年,Siemens AG与Boson Energy签署协议,透过废弃物氢气技术加速向绿色能源转型。 Boson的气化技术可以从不可回收的固体废弃物(包括城市固体废弃物(MSW))中生产高品质、稳定的合成气,且资本和营运成本较低。
根据生产技术,合成气市场分为蒸气重整法和部分氧化法。蒸气重整在合成气市场中占有很大占有率。蒸汽重整是一种广泛应用的技术,透过使包括天然气在内的碳氢化合物与蒸汽反应来生产合成气。此製程非常经济,因此广泛用于氢气、氨和甲醇合成所需的大规模合成气生产。此外,与部分氧化等其他技术相比,蒸汽重整具有较低的运行成本和较高的能量转换效率,这对其较高的市场占有率做出了重要贡献。
根据原料,市场细分分为天然气、煤炭、生物质/废弃物等。到2023年,煤炭领域预计将在合成气市场中占据主要占有率。煤炭气化在煤炭资源丰富的亚太地区尤其受欢迎。煤气化生产合成气的技术已相对成熟,可望大规模增产。此外,除了用于发电之外,煤基合成气还可以用于化学工业,例如生产氨和甲醇。随着气化和碳捕获与封存(CCS)方法的改进抵消了化石燃料的有害影响,支撑了煤炭产业的主导地位,人们对煤炭造成的环境污染的担忧密切关注。然而,随着永续发展努力的推进,市场可能会逐渐转向天然气和生物质等更清洁的原料。
依气化炉类型,市场分为固定床、混流床、流体化床等。混流气化炉在合成气市场中占有很大占有率。其成长得益于其高效能、大规模加工各种原料的能力,包括低品位煤炭和生物质。混流气化炉在高温下运行,使其能够有效地气化原料,生产出杂质较少的高品质合成气。这使其适合用于大规模工业製程和发电。
依应用,市场分为甲醇、氨、氢气、液体燃料、直接还原铁、合成天然气、电力等。甲醇合成部门在合成气市场中占有重要占有率。这主要是由于用途广泛,包括作为生产甲醛乙酸和其他化学品的原料。由于对环保能源的需求,甲醇也日益被用作替代燃料和生物柴油生产。
为了更了解合成气的市场介绍,市场为北美(美国、加拿大等北美地区)、欧洲(德国、英国、法国、西班牙等欧洲地区)、亚太地区(中国、印度、日本、亚太地区其他地区)和世界其他地区。亚太地区对合成气市场的扩张做出了重大贡献。这主要是由于该地区工业化率高、能源消耗率不断上升以及产业对化学产品生产的浓厚兴趣。中国和印度由于其化学工业和不断成长的发电需求而在市场上处于领先地位。其中,由于煤炭丰富且政府计划减少对进口天然气和石油的依赖,中国在合成气市场占最大占有率。此外,该地区清洁发电的发展以及利用合成气生产氢气也推动全球市场的发展。由于工业化趋势和合成气技术资本投入的增加,亚太地区在全球合成气市场中处于战略地位。
The syngas or synthesis gas market is proliferating with various uses in chemicals, electricity production, vehicle fuels, and others. Syngas, a combination of hydrogen, carbon monoxide, and carbon dioxide, are usually manufactured through gasification of carbon substances including coal, biomass, or natural gas. Due to its versatility as a feedstock for creating numerous chemical products such as methanol, ammonia, and synthetic natural gas, it plays a crucial role in the global energy and chemicals industry.
Another factor driving the syngas market is the rising concern of global society towards the usage of cleaner sources of energy. Due to its ability to provide for the manufacture of cleaner fuels and cut down on the use of conventional sources of fuel, syngas is highly relevant as governments and industries across the globe focus on tackling the problem of carbon emissions. The use of syngas in power generation, especially in combined cycle power plants makes use of efficient and environmentally friendly systems, which in turn increases demand for syngas. Moreover, the market is also experiencing enhancements in gasification technologies, which enhance the efficacy and cost-effectiveness of producing syngas. This progress has enhanced the possibility of applying syngas in a broad range of products such as advanced biofuels and chemical synthesis. For example, in 2024, Siemens AG and Boson Energy entered into an agreement to accelerate the green energy transition through waste-to-hydrogen technology. Boson gasification-based technology can create syngas with high quality and stability from nonrecyclable solid waste, including municipal solid waste (MSW) with low capital expenditures and operating expenses.
Based on production technology, the Syngas market is categorized into steam reforming and partial oxidation. Steam reforming caters significant share in the syngas market. Steam reforming is a widely applied technology based on the reaction of hydrocarbons, including natural gas, with steam to yield syngas. This process is highly economical and therefore widely used for large-scale syngas generation required for hydrogen synthesis, ammonia synthesis, and methanol synthesis. Besides, the lower operating costs and higher energy conversion efficiency of steam reforming in comparison with some other technologies including partial oxidation greatly influenced its high market share.
Based on feedstock, the Syngas market is segmented into natural gas, coal, biomass/waste, and others. In 2023, the coal segment is expected to cater to an extensive share of the syngas market. Coal gasification has particularly in the Asia-Pacific region owing to its large resources in coal. The technology of gasification of coal to produce syngas is relatively mature and expected to increase its production at a large scale. Further, the application of coal-based syngas is in the chemical industries such as the production of ammonia and methanol besides usage in the generation of power. Concerns over pollution of the environment by coal are closely addressed as improvements in the method of gasification and carbon capture and storage (CCS) offset any detrimental effects of the fossil fuel, thereby supporting the domination of the coal segment. However, as sustainability efforts continue to grow, the market could slowly transform to cleaner feedstock such as natural gas and biomass.
Based on gasifier type, the market is segmented into fixed bed gasifiers, entrained flow gasifiers, fluidized bed gasifiers, and others. The entrained flow gasifiers catered to a significant share of the syngas market. The factors attributed to its growth are to handle a wide range of feedstocks, including low-grade coals and biomass, with high efficiency and at a large scale. The entrained flow gasifiers work at high-temperature levels and hence the feedstocks can be gasified efficiently enough to produce higher standard syngas with low-level impurities. This makes them suitable for usage in large-scale industrial processes and power generation more appropriate.
Based on application, the market is categorized into methanol, ammonia, hydrogen, liquid fuels, direct reduced iron, synthetic natural gas, electricity, and others. The methanol synthesis segment caters to a significant share of the syngas market. It is mainly due to its wide range of applications such as a starting material for the manufacture of formaldehyde acetic acid, and other chemicals. Methanol is also increasingly used as an alternative fuel and for biodiesel manufacturing, due to the demand for environmentally friendly energy sources.
For a better understanding of the market adoption of Syngas, the market is analyzed based on its worldwide presence in countries such as North America (U.S., Canada, and the Rest of North America), Europe (Germany, UK, France, Spain, Rest of Europe), Asia-Pacific (China, India, Japan, and Rest of Asia-Pacific), Rest of World. Asia-Pacific has significantly contributed to the expansion of the Syngas market. This is mainly due to the high industrialization rate, rising energy consumption rates in the region, and a strong industrial focus on the manufacture of chemicals. China and India are leading the pack owing to chemical industries and growing power generation needs. Among the countries, China has the largest share in the syngas market due to the abundance of coal and the government's plan for less reliance on imported natural gas and oil. Additionally, the emphasis on developing clean power generation in the area, and hydrogen production through syngas, also propels the global market. The increasing trend in industrialization and the increased capital sunk on syngas technologies place Asia Pacific in a strategic position for the global syngas market.
Some of the major players operating in the market include Siemens AG, Linde Plc, Sasol, Shell Plc, Topsoe AS, Maire Tecnimont Spa, Dow Inc, Technip Energies NV, Air Products and Chemicals Inc, and Air Liquide.