物联网和嵌入式作业系统：安全认证和即时功能推动需求和差异化

物联网应用的整体成长预计将继续推动对物联网和嵌入式作业系统的需求。嵌入式市场中先进技术的兴起，包括 ADAS（高级驾驶辅助系统）、自动驾驶系统和工业预测性维护，正在推动对能够满足可靠性和低延迟要求并提供安全关键合规性的操作系统的需求。这些需求推动因素共同为支援跨行业和跨用例的广泛复杂功能的解决方案创造了新的市场机会。此外，作业系统供应商正在扩大其解决方案所遵循的功能安全认证，使其处于产品行销讯息的最前沿。这样一来，曾经专注于特定市场的供应商现在正在向其他邻近行业提供解决方案，这些行业重视他们在安全关键解决方案方面的资历和专业知识。

在航空航太、国防和汽车等安全关键型市场中，不断上升的成本压力促使越来越多的开发商和工程组织转向开源解决方案，以避免高昂的版税和授权费用。此外，开源作业系统的进步、其满足安全敏感行业需求的能力以及强大的开发者社群正在推动嵌入式开发人员在其专案中整合开源解决方案的信心。商业供应商继续扩展其基于 Linux 的作业系统产品及其专有解决方案，并且最近将重点转向开源安全认证工作。设备处理能力和记忆体容量的进步为 RTOS 供应商提供了满足基于 MCU 的设备需求的市场机会。虽然过去有几家主要的作业系统供应商都提供过此类服务，但现在它已成为新进入者的一个有希望的市场空白。

将会解答哪些问题？

• 就营收和单位而言，全球物联网和嵌入式作业系统市场规模是多少？
• 开源作业系统在哪些方面对商业专有解决方案构成竞争威胁？
• 对于嵌入式工程师来说，哪些作业系统购买决策因素仍然最重要？
• 最近的併购如何改变了汽车产业的竞争格局？
• 商业专有作业系统、商业开源作业系统和公共开源作业系统的使用如何因行业垂直和地区而异？

本报告中介绍的组织

报告摘录

安全性和可靠性仍然是购买决策的关键因素

本报告分析了物联网和嵌入式作业系统市场及新兴趋势。它深入报告了影响长期市场规范并开闢新机会的新兴趋势、技术、标准和法规、工程师偏好和竞争策略。

目录

本报告内容

提出的问题

谁该阅读本报告？

本报告中介绍的组织

执行摘要

• 主要发现

世界市场概览

介绍

• 开源，注重安全认证
• MCU 的新商业机会
• RISC-V 支援对于未来发展至关重要

近期市场趋势

• 标准和法规
• 组织
• 合作与收购

垂直市场

• 航天与国防
• 汽车/铁路/运输
• 工业自动化

区域市场

• 美洲
• 欧洲/中东/非洲
• 亚太地区

竞争格局

• 主要供应商洞察
  • eSol
  • Green Hills Software
  • Lynx
  • Microsoft
  • PX5
  • QNX
  • Red Hat
  • Siemens
  • Wind River

最终用户洞察

• 开源作业系统的使用增加
• 安全性和可靠性仍然是购买决策的关键因素
• 对即时功能的需求不断增长
• 对安全关键型开源的开放性

关于作者

关于 VDC Research

Inside this Report

The overall market for IoT & embedded operating systems will continue steady growth over the forecast period, while emerging trends and dynamics will lead to shifts in the internal market makeup. Factors including engineering practices, commercial strategies, government pressures, and industry group initiatives will lead to shifts in the markets for proprietary, commercial open source, and publicly available open source operating systems. Continued advancements in embedded hardware performance has exposed gaps in the market servicing certain processor types, while emerging architectures are forcing vendors to adapt to future development needs.

This report analyzes the market and emerging trends for IoT & embedded operating systems. It includes detailed discussion of emerging trends and technologies, standards and regulations, engineer preferences, and competitive strategies that are impacting longstanding market norms and opening up new commercial opportunities.

What Questions are Addressed?

• How large is the global market for IoT & Embedded Operating Systems, both in terms of attributable revenue and unit shipments?
• In what ways are open source operating systems posing a competitive threat to commercial proprietary solutions?
• Which operating system purchasing decision factors remain top of mind for embedded engineers?
• What shifts have recent mergers and acquisitions (M&A) activity caused within the automotive industry's competitive landscape?
• How does use of commercial proprietary, commercial open source, and publicly available open source OSs differ by vertical and regional market?

Who Should Read this Report?

This research program is written for those making critical business decisions regarding product, market, channel, and competitive strategy and tactics. This report is intended for senior decision-makers who are developing embedded technology, including:

• CEO or other C-level executives
• Corporate development and M&A teams
• Marketing executives
• Business development and sales leaders
• Product development and product strategy leaders
• Channel management and channel strategy leaders

Organizations Listed in this Report:

Executive Summary

Overall growth in IoT deployments will continue to drive demand for IoT & embedded operating systems. The rise of advanced technologies across embedded markets, including advanced driver assistance systems (ADAS), autonomous systems, and industrial predictive maintenance, are increasing demand for operating systems (OSs) that can provide safety-critical compliance while addressing reliability and low latency requirements. Together, these drivers of demand have opened up a new market opportunity for solutions that can support broad, industry- and use-case agnostic sophisticated functionalities. At the same time, OS vendors are expanding the functional safety certifications their solutions adhere to, placing them at the forefront of product marketing messaging. In doing so, vendors that once focused on specific markets are increasingly offering their solutions to other adjacent industries that value their lineage of safety-critical solutions and expertise.

Within safety-critical markets including aerospace & defense and automotive, rising cost pressures have turned more developers and engineering organizations towards open source solutions to avoid expensive royalty and licensing fees. At the same time, advancements in open source operating systems' ability to address the needs of these safety and security sensitive industries combined with a robust developer community has increased embedded developers' confidence with integrating open source solutions into their projects. Commercial vendors are continuing to expand their Linux-based OS offerings alongside their proprietary solutions, with recent focus shifting to open source safety-certification efforts. Advancements in device processing power and memory capabilities have exposed a market opportunity for RTOS vendors to address demand from MCU-based devices that, while in the past has been serviced by multiple leading OS vendors, has now emerged as a potential future- proofed market gap for a new entrant.

Embedded development organizations are seeking to consolidate the oftentimes disparate tool sets their use within projects and across enterprises. As such, OS vendors are responding in kind with unified platforms, offering their OS solutions alongside software development tools, acting as single source for engineers to help simplify development processes and ensure compatibility.

Key Findings:

• Bare metal development and use of lightweight executives has decreased within MCU-based embedded projects, highlighting a growing demand and commercial opportunity for operating systems targeting smaller hardware footprints.
• The IoT & embedded operating systems market is experiencing significant M&A activity, corporate restructurings, and partnerships that have the potential to redefine the competitive landscape.
• The expansion of product portfolios through both internally developed solutions as well as collaborative partnerships will drive vendor differentiation within the IoT & embedded operating system market, as engineers seek to consolidate toolsets and look for ease of integration.

Report Excerpt

Security and Reliability Remain Key Drivers of Purchasing Decision

With advancements in regulations combined with increasingly complex and demanding standards across industries, embedded engineers are demanding more stringent safety and security certifications built into their operating systems. Offerings from leading vendors including BlackBerry QNX, SEGGER, and WITTENSTEIN offer built-in certifications to leading industry standards such as ISO 26262, IEC 62304, and IEC 61508. Aside from longstanding purchasing decision factors such as overall cost and overall reliability, security capabilities serve as a leading driver of primary embedded operating system selection. The importance of this factor has increased since 2022, highlighting the growing emphasis that embedded engineers place upon safety and security functions. Vendors across the ecosystem regularly highlight the safety and security certifications of their commercial operating system solutions - a marketing approach that should continue to be utilized to attract business and confidence among safety-critical embedded industries.

Being able to offer engineers suites of complementary solutions remains a considerable driver of embedded operating system purchasing decision, ranking fifth (25.8%). Vendors such as Green Hills Software and Wind River offer product development tools alongside their operating systems, with their tool suites acting as strategic launching pads to penetrate into large development organizations. Once developing both brand reputation as well as familiarity with their tooling solutions, vendors can effectively cross-sell their OS solutions, increasing overall wallet share and account size. This dynamic can be spurred along by the growing consolidation sought out among developers seeking to standardize dispersed sets of development tools on one specific vendor. A considerable downside to open source OS use is the lack of robust and readily available complementary development tools, which may hamper sustained use of open source operating systems. The growing and extending software lifecycle will only increase the premium associated with advanced development tools, especially as more OEMs look for platforms not only for code composition, but also to audit and manage code updates across deployed devices.

A notable increase in the importance of overall cost has occurred since 2022, highlighting the need for vendors of commercial non open source OS solutions to address their offerings. While multiple companies including eSOL and Red Hat have experimented with and introduced new pricing structures more akin to multi-year contracts and subscription models that include support and service than traditional perpetual licensing schemes, a more holistic approach considering a total reconsideration of value proposition may prove to be more fruitful in addressing cost sensitivities. Changes to licensing structures within the OS market are not a new dynamic, with Wind River adopting a term licensing structure over a decade ago. Siemens has ceased offering its OS solutions as standalone solutions, deciding instead to roll them into its new Innexis product portfolio to inadvertently enhance the capabilities of its solutions through packaged complementary offerings. Elsewhere, vendors like SEGGER are adapting to this increased price sensitivity by lowering licensing costs for its OS solutions for R&D purposes, incentivizing experimentation that will hopefully translate to realized revenue down the line.

Table of Contents

Inside this Report

What Questions are Addressed?

Who Should Read this Report?

Organizations Listed in this Report

Executive Summary

• Key Findings

Global Market Overview

Introduction

• Open Source Focusing on Safety Certification
• Renewed Commercial Opportunity for the MCU
• RISC-V Support Critical for Future Development

Recent Market Developments

• Standards & Regulations
  • Portable Operating System Interface (POSIX)
• Organizations
  • The Eclipse Foundation
  • The Linux Foundation
• Partnerships & Acquisitions
  • Azure RTOS is now ThreadX (Again)
  • Bosch Repositions ETAS to Service the Entire SDV
  • Green Hills Software and NXP Partner on SDV Platform
  • Lynx Acquires CoreAVI

Vertical Markets

• Aerospace & Defense
• Automotive/Rail/Transportation
• Industrial Automation

Regional Markets

• The Americas
• Europe, the Middle East & Africa (EMEA)
• Asia-Pacific (APAC)

Competitive Landscape

• Selected Vendor Insights
  • eSol
  • Green Hills Software
  • Lynx
  • Microsoft
  • PX5
  • QNX
  • Red Hat
  • Siemens
  • Wind River

End-User Insights

• Rising Utilization of Open Source Operating Systems
• Security and Reliability Remain Key Drivers of Purchasing Decision
• Increasing Demand for Real-Time Capabilities
• An Openness to Safety-Critical Open Source

About the Authors

About VDC Research

List of Exhibits

• Exhibit 1: Global Revenue of IoT & Embedded Operating Systems & Related Services, 2023 - 2028
• Exhibit 2: Global Revenue of IoT & Embedded Operating Systems & Related Services, Segmented by Operating System Type; 2023 - 2028
• Exhibit 3: Global Unit Shipments of IoT & Embedded Operating Systems, 2023 - 2028
• Exhibit 4: Global Unit Shipments of IoT & Embedded Operating Systems, Segmented by Operating System Type; 2023 - 2028
• Exhibit 5: Most Important Characteristics when Selecting the Primary Embedded Operating System for Current Project, by use of Windows OS
• Exhibit 6: Estimation of Number of Defects and Software Patches Required by Customer Per Year for Most Current Project, Segmented by Primary Operating System Type
• Exhibit 7: Primary Operating System Used on Current Project, Segmented by Primary Application Processor Type
• Exhibit 8: Processor Family/Architecture of Primary/Application Processor in Current Project
• Exhibit 9: Global Revenue of IoT & Embedded Operating Systems & Related Services, Segmented by Vertical Market; 2023 & 2028
• Exhibit 10: Global Revenue of IoT & Embedded Operating Systems & Related Services, Segmented by Vertical Market (Excluding Microsoft); 2023 & 2028
• Exhibit 11: Global Revenue of IoT & Embedded Operating Systems and Related Services, Segmented by Vertical Market and Revenue Leaders; 2023
• Exhibit 12: Global Aerospace & Defense Revenue of IoT & Embedded Operating Systems & Related Services, 2023 - 2028
• Exhibit 13: Global Automotive/Rail/Transportation Revenue of IoT & Embedded Operating Systems & Related Services, 2023 - 2028
• Exhibit 14: Global Industrial Automation Revenue of IoT & Embedded Operating Systems & Related Services, 2023 - 2028
• Exhibit 15: Global Revenue of IoT & Embedded Operating Systems & Related Services, Segmented by Regional Market; 2023 & 2028
• Exhibit 16: Global Revenue of IoT & Embedded Operating Systems & Related Services, Segmented by Regional Market (Excluding Microsoft); 2023 & 2028
• Exhibit 17: Global Revenue of IoT & Embedded Operating Systems and Related Services, Segmented by Regional Market and Revenue Leaders; 2023
• Exhibit 18: The Americas Revenue of IoT & Embedded Operating Systems & Related Services, 2023 - 2028
• Exhibit 19: EMEA Revenue of IoT & Embedded Operating Systems & Related Services, 2023 - 2028
• Exhibit 20: APAC Revenue of IoT & Embedded Operating Systems & Related Services, 2023 - 2028
• Exhibit 21: Global Revenue of IoT & Embedded Operating Systems & Related Services, Segmented by Leading Vendors; 2023
• Exhibit 22: Global Revenue of IoT & Embedded Real-Time Operating Systems & Related Services, Segmented by Leading Vendors; 2023
• Exhibit 23: Global Revenue of IoT & Embedded Linux Operating Systems & Related Services, Segmented by Leading Vendors; 2023
• Exhibit 24: Global Unit Share of IoT & Embedded Operating Systems and Related Services, Segmented by Leading Vendors; 2023
• Exhibit 25: Primary Operating System Used on Current Project
• Exhibit 26: Primary Operating System Expected to be Used in Three Years
• Exhibit 27: Most Important Characteristics When Selecting the Primary Embedded Operating System for Current Project
• Exhibit 28: Capabilities/Features of Current Project
• Exhibit 29: Type of Real-Time Capabilities for Current Project
• Exhibit 30: Primary Operating System Used on Current Project, Segmented by Certification/Process Standard Requirement
• Exhibit 31: Primary Operating System Used on Current Project, Segmented by Lack of Certification/Process Standard Requirement