全球充电即服务市场研究报告 - 产业分析、规模、份额、成长、趋势及 2025 年至 2033 年预测

全球充电即服务市场规模预计将从 2024 年的 73.8 亿美元成长到 2033 年的 298.3 亿美元，在 2026 年至 2033 年的预测期内，年复合成长率(CAGR) 将达到 16.78%。

随着全球电动车需求的持续成长，充电即服务 (CaaS) 市场正在经历显着成长。 CaaS 为电动车车主提供了一个便利且灵活的解决方案，无需大量前期投资即可使用充电基础设施。在环保意识和政府激励措施的推动下，电动车的普及率不断提高，预计充电即服务市场将进一步扩大。这一趋势在城市地区尤其明显，因为这些地区对便利高效的充电解决方案的需求至关重要。

此外，对永续性和减少碳排放的日益重视，正在显着影响充电即服务 (CaaS) 市场。随着消费者和企业优先考虑环保实践，对支援向电动车转型的充电解决方案的需求日益增长。 CaaS 供应商正在积极开发全面的充电网络，涵盖快速充电器、智慧充电解决方案和再生能源集成，以吸引具有环保意识的消费者。随着企业寻求符合消费者价值观和监管要求，这种向永续交通解决方案的转变预计将推动充电即服务市场的发展。

此外，科技的进步也增强了充电即服务解决方案的功能。充电基础设施、支付系统和行动应用程式的创新正在提升充电即服务平台的使用者体验和营运效率。此外，资料分析和智慧电网技术的融合也为充电网路提供了更高层级的功能和最佳化。随着充电即服务市场持续拥抱这些趋势和技术进步，预计将持续成长，巩固其在电动车领域的关键地位。

我们的报告经过精心设计，旨在为客户提供关于各个行业和市场的全面且切实可行的洞察。每份报告都包含几个关键部分，以确保客户全面了解市场格局：

市场概览：市场的详细介绍，包括定义、分类和行业现状概述。

市场动态：深入分析影响市场成长的关键驱动因素、限制因素、机会与挑战。本部分探讨技术进步、监管变化和新兴趋势等因素。

細項分析：根据产品类型、应用、最终用户和地理位置等标准，将市场细分为不同的细分市场。此分析重点在于突出每个细分市场的表现和潜力。

竞争格局：对主要市场参与者的全面评估，包括其市场份额、产品组合、策略倡议和财务表现。本部分深入分析了竞争态势以及领先公司采用的关键策略。

市场预测：根据历史资料和当前市场状况，对特定时期的市场规模和成长趋势进行预测。这包括定量分析和图形表示，以说明未来的市场发展轨迹。

区域分析：评估不同地理区域的市场表现，确定关键市场和区域趋势。这有助于了解区域市场动态和机会。

新兴趋势与机会：识别当前及新兴市场趋势、技术创新以及潜在投资领域。本部分将深入探讨未来市场发展与成长前景。

目录

第一章：前言

• 报告描述
  • 客观的
  • 目标受众
  • 独特的销售主张 (USP) 和产品
• 研究范围
• 研究方法
  • 市场研究流程
  • 市场研究方法

第 2 章：执行摘要

• 市集亮点
• 全球市场概况

第三章：充电即服务业分析

• 简介 - 市场动态
• 市场驱动因素
• 市场限制
• 机会
• 产业趋势
• 波特五力分析
• 市场吸引力分析
  • 按服务类型分析市场吸引力
  • 市场吸引力分析：按应用
  • 按充电站类型进行的市场吸引力分析
  • 按最终用户进行的市场吸引力分析
  • 市场吸引力分析：按地区

第四章：价值链分析

• 价值链分析
• 原料分析
  • 原料清单
  • 原料製造商清单
  • 主要原物料价格走势
• 潜在买家名单
• 行销管道
  • 直效行销
  • 间接行销
  • 行销通路发展趋势

第五章：全球充电即服务市场分析：依服务类型

• 依服务类型概览
• 按服务类型分析历史和预测数据
• 公共充电
• 私人充电
• 车队充电

第六章：全球充电即服务市场分析：按应用

• 概述：按应用
• 历史和预测数据分析：按应用
• 电动车
• 消费性电子产品
• 工业设备

第七章：全球充电即服务市场分析：依充电站类型

• 按充电站类型概览
• 按充电站类型分析历史和预测数据
• 交流充电
• 直流快速充电
• 无线充电

第 8 章：全球充电即服务市场分析：按最终用户

• 最终用户概览
• 最终用户的历史和预测数据分析
• 住宅
• 商业的
• 工业的

第九章：全球充电即服务市场分析：依地域划分

• 区域展望
• 介绍
• 北美销售分析
  • 概述、历史和预测数据销售分析
  • 北美各细分市场销售分析
  • 北美各国销售分析
  • 美国销售分析
  • 加拿大销售分析
  • 墨西哥销售分析
• 欧洲销售分析
  • 概述、历史和预测数据销售分析
  • 欧洲各细分市场销售分析
  • 欧洲各国销售分析
  • 英国销售分析
  • 法国销售分析
  • 德国销售分析
  • 义大利销售分析
  • 俄罗斯销售分析
  • 欧洲其他地区销售分析
• 亚太地区销售分析
  • 概述、历史和预测数据销售分析
  • 亚太地区分部销售分析
  • 亚太地区国家销售分析
  • 中国销售分析
  • 印度销售分析
  • 日本销售分析
  • 韩国销售分析
  • 澳洲销售分析
  • 东南亚销售分析
  • 亚太地区其他地区销售分析
• 拉丁美洲销售分析
  • 概述、历史和预测数据销售分析
  • 拉丁美洲各细分市场销售分析
  • 拉丁美洲各国销售分析
  • 巴西销售分析
  • 阿根廷销售分析
  • 秘鲁销售分析
  • 智利销售分析
  • 拉丁美洲其他地区销售分析
• 中东和非洲销售分析
  • 概述、历史和预测数据销售分析
  • 中东和非洲分部销售分析
  • 中东和非洲国家销售分析
  • 沙乌地阿拉伯销售分析
  • 阿联酋销售分析
  • 以色列销售分析
  • 南非销售分析
  • 中东和非洲其他地区销售分析

第十章：充电即服务公司的竞争格局

• 充电即服务市场竞争
• 合作/协作/协议
• 合併与收购
• 新产品发布
• 其他发展

第 11 章：公司简介

• 顶级公司市占率分析
• 市场集中度
• Tesla Inc.
• 公司概况
• 公司收入
• 产品
• 最新动态
• ChargePoint Inc.
• 公司概况
• 公司收入
• 产品
• 最新动态
• EVBox Group
• 公司概况
• 公司收入
• 产品
• 最新动态
• ABB Ltd.
• 公司概况
• 公司收入
• 产品
• 最新动态
• Siemens AG
• 公司概况
• 公司收入
• 产品
• 最新动态
• Schneider Electric SE
• 公司概况
• 公司收入
• 产品
• 最新动态
• BP Chargemaster
• 公司概况
• 公司收入
• 产品
• 最新动态
• Shell Recharge Solutions
• 公司概况
• 公司收入
• 产品
• 最新动态
• Blink Charging Co.
• 公司概况
• 公司收入
• 产品
• 最新动态
• Engie SA
• 公司概况
• 公司收入
• 产品
• 最新动态
• Allego BV
• 公司概况
• 公司收入
• 产品
• 最新动态
• EVgo Services LLC
• 公司概况
• 公司收入
• 产品
• 最新动态
• Tritium Pty Ltd
• 公司概况
• 公司收入
• 产品
• 最新动态
• Greenlots (A Shell Group Company)
• 公司概况
• 公司收入
• 产品
• 最新动态
• Ionity GmbH
• 公司概况
• 公司收入
• 产品
• 最新动态

注意 - 在公司简介中，财务细节和最新发展取决于可用性，对于私人公司，可能不予涵盖

Global Charging As A Service Market size is anticipated to grow from USD 7.38 Billion in 2024 to USD 29.83 Billion by 2033, showcasing a robust Compound Annual Growth Rate (CAGR) of 16.78% during the forecast period of 2026 to 2033.

The charging as a service (CaaS) market is experiencing significant growth as the demand for electric vehicles (EVs) continues to rise globally. CaaS offers a convenient and flexible solution for EV owners by providing access to charging infrastructure without the need for significant upfront investment. As the adoption of electric vehicles increases, driven by environmental concerns and government incentives, the market for charging as a service is expected to expand further. This trend is particularly evident in urban areas, where the need for accessible and efficient charging solutions is paramount.

Moreover, the growing emphasis on sustainability and reducing carbon emissions is significantly influencing the CaaS market. As consumers and businesses prioritize eco-friendly practices, there is a rising demand for charging solutions that support the transition to electric mobility. CaaS providers are responding by developing comprehensive charging networks that include fast chargers, smart charging solutions, and renewable energy integration, appealing to environmentally conscious consumers. This shift towards sustainable transportation solutions is expected to propel the charging as a service market, as companies seek to align with consumer values and regulatory requirements.

Additionally, advancements in technology are enhancing the capabilities of charging as a service solutions. Innovations in charging infrastructure, payment systems, and mobile applications are improving the user experience and operational efficiency of CaaS platforms. Furthermore, the integration of data analytics and smart grid technologies is providing additional levels of functionality and optimization for charging networks. As the charging as a service market continues to embrace these trends and technological advancements, it is expected to experience sustained growth, solidifying its position as a key player in the electric mobility sector.

Our reports are meticulously crafted to provide clients with comprehensive and actionable insights into various industries and markets. Each report encompasses several critical components to ensure a thorough understanding of the market landscape:

Market Overview: A detailed introduction to the market, including definitions, classifications, and an overview of the industry's current state.

Market Dynamics: In-depth analysis of key drivers, restraints, opportunities, and challenges influencing market growth. This section examines factors such as technological advancements, regulatory changes, and emerging trends.

Segmentation Analysis: Breakdown of the market into distinct segments based on criteria like product type, application, end-user, and geography. This analysis highlights the performance and potential of each segment.

Competitive Landscape: Comprehensive assessment of major market players, including their market share, product portfolio, strategic initiatives, and financial performance. This section provides insights into the competitive dynamics and key strategies adopted by leading companies.

Market Forecast: Projections of market size and growth trends over a specified period, based on historical data and current market conditions. This includes quantitative analyses and graphical representations to illustrate future market trajectories.

Regional Analysis: Evaluation of market performance across different geographical regions, identifying key markets and regional trends. This helps in understanding regional market dynamics and opportunities.

Emerging Trends and Opportunities: Identification of current and emerging market trends, technological innovations, and potential areas for investment. This section offers insights into future market developments and growth prospects.

SEGMENTATION COVERED IN THE REPORT

By Service Type

• Public Charging
• Private Charging
• Fleet Charging

By Application

• Electric Vehicles
• Consumer Electronics
• Industrial Equipment

By Charging Station Type

• AC Charging
• DC Fast Charging
• Wireless Charging

By End-User

• Residential
• Commercial
• Industrial
• COMPANIES PROFILED
• Tesla Inc.
• ChargePoint Inc.
• EVBox Group
• ABB Ltd.
• Siemens AG
• Schneider Electric SE
• BP Chargemaster
• Shell Recharge Solutions
• Blink Charging Co.
• Engie SA
• Allego BV
• EVgo Services LLC
• Tritium Pty Ltd
• Greenlots (a Shell Group company)
• Ionity GmbH
• The above list can be customized.

TABLE OF CONTENTS

1. PREFACE

• 1.1. Report Description
  • 1.1.1 Objective
  • 1.1.2 Target Audience
  • 1.1.3 Unique Selling Proposition (USP) & offerings
• 1.2. Research Scope
• 1.3. Research Methodology
  • 1.3.1 Market Research Process
  • 1.3.2 Market Research Methodology

2. EXECUTIVE SUMMARY

• 2.1. Highlights of Market
• 2.2. Global Market Snapshot

3. CHARGING AS A SERVICE INDUSTRY ANALYSIS

• 3.1. Introduction - Market Dynamics
• 3.2. Market Drivers
• 3.3. Market Restraints
• 3.4. Opportunities
• 3.5. Industry Trends
• 3.6. Porter's Five Force Analysis
• 3.7. Market Attractiveness Analysis
  • 3.7.1 Market Attractiveness Analysis By Service Type
  • 3.7.2 Market Attractiveness Analysis By Application
  • 3.7.3 Market Attractiveness Analysis By Charging Station Type
  • 3.7.4 Market Attractiveness Analysis By End-User
  • 3.7.5 Market Attractiveness Analysis By Regions

4. VALUE CHAIN ANALYSIS

• 4.1. Value Chain Analysis
• 4.2. Raw Material Analysis
  • 4.2.1 List of Raw Materials
  • 4.2.2 Raw Material Manufactures List
  • 4.2.3 Price Trend of Key Raw Materials
• 4.3. List of Potential Buyers
• 4.4. Marketing Channel
  • 4.4.1 Direct Marketing
  • 4.4.2 Indirect Marketing
  • 4.4.3 Marketing Channel Development Trend

5. GLOBAL CHARGING AS A SERVICE MARKET ANALYSIS BY SERVICE TYPE

• 5.1. Overview By Service Type
• 5.2. Historical and Forecast Data Analysis By Service Type
• 5.3. Public Charging Historic and Forecast Sales By Regions
• 5.4. Private Charging Historic and Forecast Sales By Regions
• 5.5. Fleet Charging Historic and Forecast Sales By Regions

6. GLOBAL CHARGING AS A SERVICE MARKET ANALYSIS BY APPLICATION

• 6.1. Overview By Application
• 6.2. Historical and Forecast Data Analysis By Application
• 6.3. Electric Vehicles Historic and Forecast Sales By Regions
• 6.4. Consumer Electronics Historic and Forecast Sales By Regions
• 6.5. Industrial Equipment Historic and Forecast Sales By Regions

7. GLOBAL CHARGING AS A SERVICE MARKET ANALYSIS BY CHARGING STATION TYPE

• 7.1. Overview By Charging Station Type
• 7.2. Historical and Forecast Data Analysis By Charging Station Type
• 7.3. AC Charging Historic and Forecast Sales By Regions
• 7.4. DC Fast Charging Historic and Forecast Sales By Regions
• 7.5. Wireless Charging Historic and Forecast Sales By Regions

8. GLOBAL CHARGING AS A SERVICE MARKET ANALYSIS BY END-USER

• 8.1. Overview By End-User
• 8.2. Historical and Forecast Data Analysis By End-User
• 8.3. Residential Historic and Forecast Sales By Regions
• 8.4. Commercial Historic and Forecast Sales By Regions
• 8.5. Industrial Historic and Forecast Sales By Regions

9. GLOBAL CHARGING AS A SERVICE MARKET ANALYSIS BY GEOGRAPHY

• 9.1. Regional Outlook
• 9.2. Introduction
• 9.3. North America Sales Analysis
  • 9.3.1 Overview, Historic and Forecast Data Sales Analysis
  • 9.3.2 North America By Segment Sales Analysis
  • 9.3.3 North America By Country Sales Analysis
  • 9.3.4 United States Sales Analysis
  • 9.3.5 Canada Sales Analysis
  • 9.3.6 Mexico Sales Analysis
• 9.4. Europe Sales Analysis
  • 9.4.1 Overview, Historic and Forecast Data Sales Analysis
  • 9.4.2 Europe By Segment Sales Analysis
  • 9.4.3 Europe By Country Sales Analysis
  • 9.4.4 United Kingdom Sales Analysis
  • 9.4.5 France Sales Analysis
  • 9.4.6 Germany Sales Analysis
  • 9.4.7 Italy Sales Analysis
  • 9.4.8 Russia Sales Analysis
  • 9.4.9 Rest Of Europe Sales Analysis
• 9.5. Asia Pacific Sales Analysis
  • 9.5.1 Overview, Historic and Forecast Data Sales Analysis
  • 9.5.2 Asia Pacific By Segment Sales Analysis
  • 9.5.3 Asia Pacific By Country Sales Analysis
  • 9.5.4 China Sales Analysis
  • 9.5.5 India Sales Analysis
  • 9.5.6 Japan Sales Analysis
  • 9.5.7 South Korea Sales Analysis
  • 9.5.8 Australia Sales Analysis
  • 9.5.9 South East Asia Sales Analysis
  • 9.5.10 Rest Of Asia Pacific Sales Analysis
• 9.6. Latin America Sales Analysis
  • 9.6.1 Overview, Historic and Forecast Data Sales Analysis
  • 9.6.2 Latin America By Segment Sales Analysis
  • 9.6.3 Latin America By Country Sales Analysis
  • 9.6.4 Brazil Sales Analysis
  • 9.6.5 Argentina Sales Analysis
  • 9.6.6 Peru Sales Analysis
  • 9.6.7 Chile Sales Analysis
  • 9.6.8 Rest of Latin America Sales Analysis
• 9.7. Middle East & Africa Sales Analysis
  • 9.7.1 Overview, Historic and Forecast Data Sales Analysis
  • 9.7.2 Middle East & Africa By Segment Sales Analysis
  • 9.7.3 Middle East & Africa By Country Sales Analysis
  • 9.7.4 Saudi Arabia Sales Analysis
  • 9.7.5 UAE Sales Analysis
  • 9.7.6 Israel Sales Analysis
  • 9.7.7 South Africa Sales Analysis
  • 9.7.8 Rest Of Middle East And Africa Sales Analysis

10. COMPETITIVE LANDSCAPE OF THE CHARGING AS A SERVICE COMPANIES

• 10.1. Charging As A Service Market Competition
• 10.2. Partnership/Collaboration/Agreement
• 10.3. Merger And Acquisitions
• 10.4. New Product Launch
• 10.5. Other Developments

11. COMPANY PROFILES OF CHARGING AS A SERVICE INDUSTRY

• 11.1. Top Companies Market Share Analysis
• 11.2. Market Concentration Rate
• 11.3. Tesla Inc.
  • 11.3.1 Company Overview
  • 11.3.2 Company Revenue
  • 11.3.3 Products
  • 11.3.4 Recent Developments
• 11.4. ChargePoint Inc.
  • 11.4.1 Company Overview
  • 11.4.2 Company Revenue
  • 11.4.3 Products
  • 11.4.4 Recent Developments
• 11.5. EVBox Group
  • 11.5.1 Company Overview
  • 11.5.2 Company Revenue
  • 11.5.3 Products
  • 11.5.4 Recent Developments
• 11.6. ABB Ltd.
  • 11.6.1 Company Overview
  • 11.6.2 Company Revenue
  • 11.6.3 Products
  • 11.6.4 Recent Developments
• 11.7. Siemens AG
  • 11.7.1 Company Overview
  • 11.7.2 Company Revenue
  • 11.7.3 Products
  • 11.7.4 Recent Developments
• 11.8. Schneider Electric SE
  • 11.8.1 Company Overview
  • 11.8.2 Company Revenue
  • 11.8.3 Products
  • 11.8.4 Recent Developments
• 11.9. BP Chargemaster
  • 11.9.1 Company Overview
  • 11.9.2 Company Revenue
  • 11.9.3 Products
  • 11.9.4 Recent Developments
• 11.10. Shell Recharge Solutions
  • 11.10.1 Company Overview
  • 11.10.2 Company Revenue
  • 11.10.3 Products
  • 11.10.4 Recent Developments
• 11.11. Blink Charging Co.
  • 11.11.1 Company Overview
  • 11.11.2 Company Revenue
  • 11.11.3 Products
  • 11.11.4 Recent Developments
• 11.12. Engie SA
  • 11.12.1 Company Overview
  • 11.12.2 Company Revenue
  • 11.12.3 Products
  • 11.12.4 Recent Developments
• 11.13. Allego BV
  • 11.13.1 Company Overview
  • 11.13.2 Company Revenue
  • 11.13.3 Products
  • 11.13.4 Recent Developments
• 11.14. EVgo Services LLC
  • 11.14.1 Company Overview
  • 11.14.2 Company Revenue
  • 11.14.3 Products
  • 11.14.4 Recent Developments
• 11.15. Tritium Pty Ltd
  • 11.15.1 Company Overview
  • 11.15.2 Company Revenue
  • 11.15.3 Products
  • 11.15.4 Recent Developments
• 11.16. Greenlots (A Shell Group Company)
  • 11.16.1 Company Overview
  • 11.16.2 Company Revenue
  • 11.16.3 Products
  • 11.16.4 Recent Developments
• 11.17. Ionity GmbH
  • 11.17.1 Company Overview
  • 11.17.2 Company Revenue
  • 11.17.3 Products
  • 11.17.4 Recent Developments

Note - In company profiling, financial details and recent developments are subject to availability or might not be covered in the case of private companies

LIST OF TABLES

• Market Snapshot
• Drivers: Impact Analysis
• Restraints: Impact Analysis
• List of Raw Material
• List of Raw Material Manufactures
• Analysis By Service Type (USD MN)
• Public Charging Market Sales By Geography (USD MN)
• Private Charging Market Sales By Geography (USD MN)
• Fleet Charging Market Sales By Geography (USD MN)
• Analysis By Application (USD MN)
• Electric Vehicles Market Sales By Geography (USD MN)
• Consumer Electronics Market Sales By Geography (USD MN)
• Industrial Equipment Market Sales By Geography (USD MN)
• Analysis By Charging Station Type (USD MN)
• AC Charging Market Sales By Geography (USD MN)
• DC Fast Charging Market Sales By Geography (USD MN)
• Wireless Charging Market Sales By Geography (USD MN)
• Analysis By End-User (USD MN)
• Residential Market Sales By Geography (USD MN)
• Commercial Market Sales By Geography (USD MN)
• Industrial Market Sales By Geography (USD MN)
• Global Charging As A Service Market Sales By Geography (USD MN)
• North America Market Analysis (USD MN)
• United States Market Analysis (USD MN)
• Canada Market Analysis (USD MN)
• Mexico Market Analysis (USD MN)
• Europe Market Analysis (USD MN)
• Europe Market Estimate By Country (USD MN)
• United Kingdom Market Analysis (USD MN)
• France Market Analysis (USD MN)
• Germany Market Analysis (USD MN)
• Italy Market Analysis (USD MN)
• Russia Market Analysis (USD MN)
• Spain Market Analysis (USD MN)
• Rest of Europe Market Analysis (USD MN)
• Asia Pacific Market Analysis (USD MN)
• China Market Analysis (USD MN)
• Japan Market Analysis (USD MN)
• India Market Analysis (USD MN)
• South Korea Market Analysis (USD MN)
• Australia Market Analysis (USD MN)
• South East Asia Market Analysis (USD MN)
• Rest of Asia Pacific Market Analysis (USD MN)
• Latin America Market Analysis (USD MN)
• Brazil Market Analysis (USD MN)
• Argentina Market Analysis (USD MN)
• Peru Market Analysis (USD MN)
• Chile Market Analysis (USD MN)
• Rest of Latin America Market Analysis (USD MN)
• Middle East & Africa Market Analysis (USD MN)
• Saudi Arabia Market Analysis (USD MN)
• UAE Market Analysis (USD MN)
• Israel Market Analysis (USD MN)
• South Africa Market Analysis (USD MN)
• Rest of Middle East and Africa Market Analysis (USD MN)
• Partnership/Collaboration/Agreement
• Mergers And Acquisition

LIST OF FIGURES

• Research Scope of Charging As A Service Report
• Market Research Process
• Market Research Methodology
• Global Charging As A Service Market Size, By Regions (USD MN)
• Porters Five Forces Analysis
• Market Attractiveness Analysis By Service Type
• Market Attractiveness Analysis By Application
• Market Attractiveness Analysis By Charging Station Type
• Market Attractiveness Analysis By End-User
• Market Attractiveness Analysis By Regions
• Value Chain Analysis
• Global Market Analysis By Service Type (USD MN)
• Public Charging Market Sales By Geography (USD MN)
• Private Charging Market Sales By Geography (USD MN)
• Fleet Charging Market Sales By Geography (USD MN)
• Global Market Analysis By Application (USD MN)
• Electric Vehicles Market Sales By Geography (USD MN)
• Consumer Electronics Market Sales By Geography (USD MN)
• Industrial Equipment Market Sales By Geography (USD MN)
• Global Market Analysis By Charging Station Type (USD MN)
• AC Charging Market Sales By Geography (USD MN)
• DC Fast Charging Market Sales By Geography (USD MN)
• Wireless Charging Market Sales By Geography (USD MN)
• Global Market Analysis By End-User (USD MN)
• Residential Market Sales By Geography (USD MN)
• Commercial Market Sales By Geography (USD MN)
• Industrial Market Sales By Geography (USD MN)
• Global Market Sales (USD MN)
• North America Market Sales (USD MN)
• Europe Market Sales (USD MN)
• Asia Pacific Market Sales (USD MN)
• Latin America Market Sales (USD MN)
• Middle East & Africa Market Sales (USD MN)
• Recent Development in Industry
• Top Company Market Share Analysis

Kindly note that the above listed are the basic tables and figures of the report and are not limited to the TOC.