市场调查报告书
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全球增强型地热系统市场规模研究,依资源类型、深度、模拟方法、最终用途和区域预测 2022-2032Global Enhanced Geothermal System Market Size Study, by Resource Type, by Depth, by Simulation Method, by End Use and Regional Forecasts 2022-2032 |
2023年,全球增强型地热系统市场价值约21亿美元,预计在2024-2032年预测期内将以超过5.2%的健康成长率成长。增强型地热系统(EGS)代表了地热能的变革性方法,利用地球的核心热能来发电。与依赖自然产生的蒸汽和热水的传统地热系统不同,EGS 透过将水注入地壳深处炎热干燥的岩层中来创建人工地热储层。然后,这些水被周围的岩石加热并带回地表,转化为蒸汽来驱动涡轮机并产生电力。 EGS 利用水力压裂形成裂缝进行水循环、注入流体以增强热交换以及有效的蒸汽提取等技术,提供稳定、可持续的可再生能源,同时将温室气体排放量降至最低。
在几个关键因素的推动下,增强型地热系统市场正在经历强劲成长。对清洁能源解决方案不断增长的需求是主要驱动力,因为EGS 被认为是一种清洁能源选择,对环境影响可以忽略不计,并且能够提供可靠、可持续的电力,且不会产生大量温室气体排放。与涉及燃烧的传统化石燃料不同,EGS 利用地球的自然热量,大幅减少有害污染物和温室气体的排放。此外,EGS 不会产生空气污染,有助于改善空气品质并降低附近人群的健康风险。与太阳能和风能等间歇性再生能源不同,EGS 提供稳定基荷电力的能力进一步增强了其吸引力,确保持续可靠的电力供应。
推动增强型地热系统市场成长的另一个重要因素是全球电力的高消耗。随着各国越来越多地转向更清洁的再生能源,地热发电已成为可行的选择。地热库如果管理得当,可以长期供应能源,满足社会不断发展和城市化对稳定可靠电力供应日益增长的需求。在工业化和城市化推动电力需求不断增长的情况下,地热发电厂提供基荷电力的能力对于维持系统稳定性至关重要。
然而,市场成长受到与增强型地热系统相关的高投资成本的限制。技术、钻井和施工过程以及地热储层的初始开发的复杂性导致了巨大的前期成本。钻深井以到达提取热量所需的岩层需要精度、效率和专用设备,导致初始费用更高。此外,建造必要的基础设施,包括建井、流体注入系统和地面设施,需要大量投资。儘管营运费用较低,但这些初始投资的较长投资回收期可能会阻止一些寻求更快回报的投资者。
建筑活动的增加为增强型地热系统市场提供了利润丰厚的成长机会。在建筑领域,EGS 可用于发电、供暖和製冷建筑,支援更环保的建筑实践,并可能降低营运成本。地热热泵利用地球稳定的地下温度,可以提高建筑物供暖和冷却系统的效率。 EGS 还可以支援区域供热系统,将热量从中央源分配到多个建筑物,减少对单独供暖系统的需求并促进建筑实践的可持续性。
全球增强型地热系统市场研究考虑的关键区域包括亚太地区、北美、欧洲、拉丁美洲和世界其他地区。就收入而言,欧洲是增强型地热系统市场的主导地区。该地区市场的成长归因于严格的气候目标和再生能源指令、强大的研发生态系统、某些地区现有的地热基础设施以及对能源独立和安全的关注等因素。鑑于能源需求增加、严格的环境法规、政府对再生能源的支持、某些地区丰富的地热资源以及对稳定可靠的需求的推动,亚太地区的市场预计在预测期内将以显着的速度增长。
Global Enhanced Geothermal System Market is valued approximately at USD 2.10 billion in 2023 and is anticipated to grow with a healthy growth rate of more than 5.2% over the forecast period 2024-2032. Enhanced Geothermal Systems (EGS) represent a transformative approach to geothermal energy, harnessing the Earth's core heat to generate power. Unlike traditional geothermal systems, which rely on naturally occurring steam and hot water, EGS creates artificial geothermal reservoirs by injecting water into hot, dry rock formations deep below the Earth's crust. This water is then heated by the surrounding rocks and brought back to the surface, where it converts into steam to drive turbines and generate electricity. Utilizing techniques such as hydraulic fracturing to create fractures for water circulation, fluid injection to enhance heat exchange, and effective steam extraction, EGS provides a steady and sustainable source of renewable energy with minimal greenhouse gas emissions.
The enhanced geothermal system market is experiencing robust growth driven by several key factors. The increasing demand for clean energy solutions is a primary driver, as EGS is considered a clean energy option with negligible environmental impact and the ability to provide reliable, sustainable power without significant greenhouse gas emissions. Unlike traditional fossil fuels that involve combustion, EGS leverages the Earth's natural heat, substantially reducing the emission of harmful pollutants and greenhouse gases. Additionally, EGS does not produce air pollution, contributing to improved air quality and reduced health risks for nearby populations. The ability of EGS to provide consistent baseload power further enhances its appeal, ensuring a continuous and reliable electricity supply, unlike intermittent renewable sources such as solar and wind.
Another significant factor driving the growth of the enhanced geothermal system market is the high consumption of electricity globally. As nations increasingly transition to cleaner, renewable energy sources, geothermal power has emerged as a viable option. Geothermal reservoirs, with proper management, can supply energy for extended periods, aligning with the growing need for a stable and reliable power supply as societies continue to develop and urbanize. The capability of geothermal power plants to provide baseload power is crucial for maintaining system stability amidst the increasing demand for electricity driven by industrialization and urbanization.
However, the market growth is constrained by the high investment costs associated with enhanced geothermal systems. The complexity of the technology, drilling and construction processes, and initial development of geothermal reservoirs contribute to the significant upfront costs. Drilling deep wells to reach the necessary rock strata for heat extraction requires precision, efficiency, and specialized equipment, leading to higher initial expenses. Additionally, constructing the necessary infrastructure, including well construction, fluid injection systems, and surface facilities, involves substantial investment. Despite low operating expenses once operational, the longer payback period for these initial investments may deter some investors seeking quicker returns.
The rise in construction activities presents a lucrative growth opportunity for the enhanced geothermal system market. In the construction sector, EGS can be used for power generation, heating, and cooling buildings, supporting more environmentally responsible building practices and potentially lowering operational costs. Geothermal heat pumps, which utilize the Earth's stable subsurface temperature, can enhance the efficiency of heating and cooling systems in buildings. EGS can also support district heating systems, distributing heat to multiple buildings from a central source, reducing the need for individual heating systems and promoting sustainability in construction practices.
The key regions considered for the global Enhanced Geothermal System Market study include Asia Pacific, North America, Europe, Latin America, and Rest of the World. Europe is a dominating region in the Enhanced Geothermal System Market in terms of revenue. The market growth in the region is being attributed to factors including stringent climate targets and renewable energy mandates, a robust research and development ecosystem, existing geothermal infrastructure in some regions, and a focus on energy independence and security. Whereas, the market in Asia Pacific is anticipated to grow at a significant rate over the forecast period fueled by increasing energy demand, stringent environmental regulations, government support for renewable energy, abundant geothermal resources in certain regions, and the need for a stable and reliable baseload power source to support rapid industrialization and urbanization.