封面
市场调查报告书
商品编码
1887122

三乙醇胺市场规模、占有率、成长及全球产业分析:依类型、应用和地区划分的洞察与预测(2024-2032)

Triethanolamine Market Size, Share, Growth and Global Industry Analysis By Type & Application, Regional Insights and Forecast to 2024-2032

出版日期: | 出版商: Fortune Business Insights Pvt. Ltd. | 英文 220 Pages | 商品交期: 请询问到货日

价格

三乙醇胺市场成长驱动因素

受个人护理、建筑和农业化学品行业消费量增长的推动,全球三乙醇胺市场持续稳步扩张。根据近期报告,预计2024年市场规模将达13.3亿美元,2025年将增加至14亿美元,2032年将达19.8亿美元。这意味着2025年至2032年间的复合年增长率将达到5.1%。亚太地区将引领市场,预计2024年市场占有率将达到44.36%,这主要得益于中国、印度和东南亚地区工业化进程的加速、建筑活动的增加以及对个人护理和家居护理产品需求的增长。

三乙醇胺 (TEA),化学式为 N(CH2CH2OH)3,是一种多功能叔胺,因其乳化剂、pH调节剂和界面活性剂的特性而被广泛应用。其高水溶性和与多种溶剂的相容性使其成为化妆品、清洁剂、水泥、工业流体、涂料和除草剂等众多应用领域的重要成分。巴斯夫、陶氏、英力士、纽瑞安和沙乌地基础工业公司等产业领导者正透过投资绿色化学、改进配方和扩大产能来满足全球需求。

市场动态

市场驱动因素

1.个人护理和化妆品产业的蓬勃发展

化妆品产业仍然是三乙醇胺 (TEA) 的最大消费产业,TEA 在保湿霜、洗髮精、护髮素和防晒霜等产品中用作乳化剂、黏度调节剂和 pH 值稳定剂。消费者在护肤品上的支出不断增长,以及高端美容产品在全球的流行,持续推动对 TEA 的需求。电子商务的成长以及美容产品在新兴经济体中日益普及,进一步促进了市场扩张。

2. 建筑和基础设施产业的需求不断增长

TEA 作为水泥添加剂和混凝土研磨助剂发挥重要作用。它能够促进水泥水化并改善粉末分散性,因此被广泛应用于大型建设项目中。随着亚太地区、拉丁美洲和中东地区大规模基础设施投资的推进,预计水泥和建筑化学品中三乙醇胺 (TEA) 的使用量将稳定成长。

市场限制因子

北美和欧洲严格的化学物质监管环境是限制市场发展的关键因素。出于环境和健康方面的考虑,REACH 等监管机构对化学配方施加了严格的限制,迫使企业投入大量资金进行研发以确保合规。中小製造商可能难以承担实施环保製程的成本,这可能会限制它们的竞争力。

市场机会

人们对生物基和可持续三乙醇胺的兴趣日益浓厚,这带来了巨大的机会。製造商正在加速开发以甘蔗乙醇等再生原料为原料的三乙醇胺,旨在减少碳排放并达到环境标准。此外,三乙醇胺在先进润滑剂、洗涤剂、除草剂、电子加工和药物製剂等领域的应用不断扩展,也提供了多元化的成长路径。由于快速的城市化、工业化和消费者收入的成长,印度、巴西、印尼和越南等国家正成为重要的机会市场。

市场挑战

来自单乙醇胺 (MEA)、二乙醇胺 (DEA) 和其他氨基醇等替代品的竞争构成了重大挑战。许多此类替代品以更低的成本提供类似的性能,或具有监管优势,从而限制了 TEA 在某些配方中的应用。

依细分市场分析

依功能分析

预计乳化剂细分市场将在 2024 年占最大的市场占有率,并保持领先地位至 2032 年。 TEA 具有稳定油水乳液的能力,使其成为乳霜、乳液、护髮配方和化妆品乳液中不可或缺的成分。

由于三乙胺 (TEA) 广泛用于中和酸性化合物,确保个人护理配方中 pH 值与皮肤相容,因此 pH 调节剂市场预计将快速增长。

依应用领域划分

2024 年,个人护理和化妆品领域占最大占有率,这主要归功于 TEA 在乳化、黏度控制和配方稳定方面发挥的核心作用。

清洁剂和家用清洁剂领域预计将实现强劲增长,因为 TEA 可以增强除油效果并稳定表面活性剂系统。

TEA 在水泥和混凝土行业的应用日益广泛,旨在提高熟料研磨效率和最终水泥品质。

区域展望

亚太地区

亚太地区是最大的区域市场,预计到2024年市场规模将达到5.9亿美元。光是中国就占2.9亿美元,主要得益于大规模建筑、化学品製造和农业除草剂的需求。快速的城市化和政府的生产激励措施,例如印度的生产关联激励计划(PLI),都促进了该地区三乙醇胺(TEA)的消费。

欧洲

由于监管合规、化妆品和製药业对高纯度三乙醇胺的使用,以及巴斯夫和英力士对永续生产方法的投资,欧洲的需求保持稳定。

北美

美国凭藉其强大的个人护理、农业化学品和工业部门,正在推动区域成长。工业需求主要受三乙胺在页岩气加工、缓蚀剂和特种化学品领域的应用所驱动。

拉丁美洲、中东和非洲

巴西、阿根廷和墨西哥在拉丁美洲的成长主要得益于三乙胺在农业化学品和建筑领域的应用。在中东,沙乌地阿拉伯的NEOM等大型基础建设项目显着增加了三乙胺的消耗量。

目录

第一章:引言

第二章:摘要整理

第三章:市场动态

  • 市场驱动因素
  • 市场限制因素
  • 市场机遇

第四章:主要发现

  • 全球市场主要趋势
  • 重大发展:併购、合作等
  • 监理环境分析
  • 最新技术进展
  • 波特五力分析
  • 关税影响分析

第五章:全球三乙醇胺市场分析、洞察与预测 (2019-2032)

  • 主要发现/总结
  • 依功能(价值/销售)
    • 乳化剂
    • pH调节剂
    • 界面活性剂
    • 其他
  • 依应用程式(价值/销售)
    • 个人护理及化妆品
    • 洗涤剂及家用清洁剂
    • 水泥及混凝土
    • 金属加工及工业流体
    • 纺织及皮革加工
    • 除草剂中间体
    • 其他
  • 依地区(价值/销售)
    • 北美
    • 欧洲
    • 亚太地区
    • 拉丁美洲
    • 中东及非洲

第六章 北美三乙醇胺市场分析、洞察与预测(2019-2032)

  • 依国家划分
    • 美国
    • 加拿大

第七章:欧洲三乙醇胺市场分析、洞察与预测(2019-2032)

  • 依国家划分
    • 德国
    • 英国
    • 法国
    • 义大利
    • 欧洲其他地区

第八章:亚太地区三乙醇胺市场分析、洞察与预测(2019-2032)

  • 依国家划分
    • 中国
    • 印度
    • 日本
    • 韩国
    • 其他地区亚太地区

第九章:拉丁美洲三乙醇胺市场分析、洞察与预测(2019-2032)

  • 依国家划分
    • 巴西
    • 墨西哥
    • 其他拉丁美洲国家

第十章:中东与非洲三乙醇胺市场分析、洞察与预测(2019-2032)

  • 依国家划分
    • 海湾合作委员会
    • 南非
    • 其他中东和非洲国家

第十一章:竞争格局

  • 主要公司全球市占率/排名分析(2024)
  • 公司简介
    • 巴斯夫公司(德国)
    • 陶氏化学(美国)
    • Indorama Ventures Public Company Limited(泰国)
    • 英力士(英国)
    • 诺力昂(荷兰)
    • 沙乌地基础工业公司(沙乌地阿拉伯)
    • 俄光集团(俄罗斯)
    • OUCC(台湾)
    • 关东化学(日本)
    • Shree Vallabh Chemical(印度)

第十二章 策略建议

Product Code: FBI112907

Growth Factors of triethanolamine Market

The global triethanolamine market is witnessing steady expansion driven by rising consumption in personal care, construction, and agrochemical industries. According to the latest report, the market was valued at USD 1.33 billion in 2024 and is projected to rise to USD 1.40 billion in 2025, ultimately reaching USD 1.98 billion by 2032. This reflects a healthy CAGR of 5.1% between 2025 and 2032. In 2024, Asia Pacific dominated the market with a 44.36% share, supported by accelerating industrialization, construction activity, and growing demand for personal care and homecare products across China, India, and Southeast Asia.

Triethanolamine (TEA), with the chemical formula N(CH2CH2OH)3, is a multifunctional tertiary amine widely used for its emulsifying, pH-adjusting, and surfactant properties. Due to its high water solubility and compatibility with various solvents, TEA plays an essential role across cosmetics, detergents, cements, industrial fluids, coatings, and herbicides. Leading industry players-such as BASF SE, Dow, INEOS, Nouryon, and SABIC-are investing in green chemistry, enhanced formulations, and expanding production capacity to meet global demand.

Market Dynamics

Market Drivers

1. Expanding Personal Care & Cosmetics Industry

The cosmetics sector remains the largest consumer of TEA, where it functions as an emulsifier, viscosity regulator, and pH stabilizer in products such as moisturizers, shampoos, conditioners, and sunscreen creams. Rising consumer spending on skincare and the global popularity of premium beauty products continue to drive TEA demand. Growth in e-commerce and increased beauty product penetration among emerging economies further support market expansion.

2. Rising Demand from Construction & Infrastructure

TEA plays a crucial role as a cement additive and concrete grinding aid. Its ability to enhance cement hydration and improve powder dispersion supports use in large-scale construction projects. With massive infrastructure investments in Asia Pacific, Latin America, and the Middle East, the use of TEA in cement and construction chemicals is expected to rise steadily.

Market Restraints

A major restraint is the stringent regulatory environment governing chemical use in North America and Europe. Agencies such as REACH impose tight controls on chemical formulations due to environmental and health concerns, requiring companies to invest significantly in R&D to ensure compliance. Smaller manufacturers may struggle with the costs of adopting eco-friendly processes, which may limit their competitiveness.

Market Opportunities

Growing emphasis on bio-based and sustainable TEA presents strong opportunities. Manufacturers are increasingly developing TEA from renewable feedstocks such as sugarcane ethanol to reduce carbon emissions and meet environmental standards. Additionally, expanding applications in advanced lubricants, detergents, herbicides, electronics processing, and pharmaceutical formulations offer diverse growth avenues. Countries like India, Brazil, Indonesia, and Vietnam are becoming key opportunity markets due to rapid urbanization, industrialization, and rising consumer incomes.

Market Challenges

Competition from substitutes such as monoethanolamine (MEA), diethanolamine (DEA), and other amino alcohols poses a significant challenge. Many of these alternatives offer similar performance at lower cost or with regulatory advantages, limiting TEA's adoption in certain formulations.

Segmental Insights

By Function

The emulsifier segment held the largest market share in 2024 and is expected to continue leading through 2032. TEA's capability to stabilize oil-water emulsions makes it indispensable in creams, lotions, hair care formulations, and cosmetic emulsions.

The pH adjuster segment is projected to grow rapidly, as TEA is widely used to neutralize acidic compounds and ensure skin-friendly pH levels in personal care formulations.

By Application

Personal care & cosmetics accounted for the largest share in 2024 due to TEA's central role in emulsification, viscosity control, and formulation stability.

Detergents & household cleaners are expected to grow strongly as TEA enhances grease removal and stabilizes surfactant systems.

In cement & concrete, TEA is increasingly used to improve clinker grinding efficiency and final cement quality.

Regional Outlook

Asia Pacific

Asia Pacific is the largest regional market, valued at USD 0.59 billion in 2024. China alone accounted for USD 0.29 billion, driven by large construction, chemical manufacturing, and agricultural herbicide demand. Rapid urbanization and government production incentives such as India's PLI scheme support regional TEA consumption.

Europe

Europe shows consistent demand supported by regulatory compliance, high-purity TEA use in cosmetics and pharmaceuticals, and investments by BASF and INEOS in sustainable manufacturing approaches.

North America

The U.S. leads regional growth through strong personal care, agrochemical, and industrial sectors. TEA's use in shale gas treatment, corrosion inhibitors, and specialty chemicals boosts its industrial demand.

Latin America & Middle East-Africa

Brazil, Argentina, and Mexico drive Latin American growth through agrochemical and construction usage. In the Middle East, large-scale infrastructure projects such as Saudi Arabia's NEOM significantly increase TEA consumption.

Conclusion

The triethanolamine market-valued at USD 1.33 billion in 2024 and expected to reach USD 1.98 billion by 2032-is set for steady growth supported by personal care expansion, construction activity, and the global shift toward sustainable formulations. As manufacturers invest in bio-based TEA and high-purity applications, the market will continue to advance across diverse industries.

Segmentation By Function

  • Emulsifier
  • pH Adjuster
  • Surfactant
  • Others

By Application

  • Personal Care & Cosmetics
  • Detergents & Household Cleaners
  • Cement & Concrete
  • Metalworking & Industrial Fluids
  • Textiles & Leather Processing
  • Herbicide Intermediate
  • Others

By Region

  • North America (By Function, Application, and Country)
    • U.S. (By Application)
    • Canada (By Application)
  • Europe (By Function, Application, and Country)
    • Germany (By Application)
    • U.K. (By Application)
    • France (By Application)
    • Italy (By Application)
    • Rest of Europe (By Application)
  • Asia Pacific (By Function, Application, and Country)
    • China (By Application)
    • India (By Application)
    • Japan (By Application)
    • South Korea (By Application)
    • Rest of Asia Pacific (By Application)
  • Latin America (By Function, Application, and Country)
    • Brazil (By Application)
    • Mexico (By Application)
    • Rest of Latin America (By Application)
  • Middle East & Africa (By Function, Application, and Country)
    • GCC (By Application)
    • South Africa (By Application)
    • Rest of the Middle East & Africa (By Application)

Table of Content

1. Introduction

  • 1.1. Research Scope
  • 1.2. Market Segmentation
  • 1.3. Research Methodology
  • 1.4. Definitions and Assumptions

2. Executive Summary

3. Market Dynamics

  • 3.1. Market Drivers
  • 3.2. Market Restraints
  • 3.3. Market Opportunities

4. Key Insights

  • 4.1. Key Market Trends in the Global Market
  • 4.2. Key Developments: Mergers, Acquisition, Partnership, etc. .
  • 4.3. Insights on Regulatory Scenario
  • 4.4. Latest Technological Advancement
  • 4.5. Porters Five Forces Analysis
  • 4.6. Tariff Impact Analysis

5. Global Triethanolamine Market Analysis, Insights and Forecast, 2019-2032

  • 5.1. Key Findings / Summary
  • 5.2. By Function (Value/Volume)
    • 5.2.1. Emulsifier
    • 5.2.2. PH Adjuster
    • 5.2.3. Surfactant
    • 5.2.4. Others
  • 5.3. By Application (Value/Volume)
    • 5.3.1. Personal Care & Cosmetics
    • 5.3.2. Detergents & Household Cleaners
    • 5.3.3. Cement & Concrete
    • 5.3.4. Metalworking & Industrial Fluids
    • 5.3.5. Textiles & Leather Processing
    • 5.3.6. Herbicide Intermediate
    • 5.3.7. Others
  • 5.4. By Region (Value/Volume)
    • 5.4.1. North America
    • 5.4.2. Europe
    • 5.4.3. Asia Pacific
    • 5.4.4. Latin America
    • 5.4.5. Middle East & Africa

6. North America Triethanolamine Market Analysis, Insights and Forecast, 2019-2032

  • 6.1. Key Findings / Summary
  • 6.2. By Function (Value/Volume)
    • 6.2.1. Emulsifier
    • 6.2.2. PH Adjuster
    • 6.2.3. Surfactant
    • 6.2.4. Others
  • 6.3. By Application (Value/Volume)
    • 6.3.1. Personal Care & Cosmetics
    • 6.3.2. Detergents & Household Cleaners
    • 6.3.3. Cement & Concrete
    • 6.3.4. Metalworking & Industrial Fluids
    • 6.3.5. Textiles & Leather Processing
    • 6.3.6. Herbicide Intermediate
    • 6.3.7. Others
  • 6.4. By Country (Value/Volume)
    • 6.4.1. U.S.
      • 6.4.1.1. By Application (Value/Volume)
        • 6.4.1.1.1. Personal Care & Cosmetics
        • 6.4.1.1.2. Detergents & Household Cleaners
        • 6.4.1.1.3. Cement & Concrete
        • 6.4.1.1.4. Metalworking & Industrial Fluids
        • 6.4.1.1.5. Textiles & Leather Processing
        • 6.4.1.1.6. Herbicide Intermediate
        • 6.4.1.1.7. Others
    • 6.4.2. Canada
      • 6.4.2.1. By Application (Value/Volume)
        • 6.4.2.1.1. Personal Care & Cosmetics
        • 6.4.2.1.2. Detergents & Household Cleaners
        • 6.4.2.1.3. Cement & Concrete
        • 6.4.2.1.4. Metalworking & Industrial Fluids
        • 6.4.2.1.5. Textiles & Leather Processing
        • 6.4.2.1.6. Herbicide Intermediate
        • 6.4.2.1.7. Others

7. Europe Triethanolamine Market Analysis, Insights and Forecast, 2019-2032

  • 7.1. Key Findings / Summary
  • 7.2. By Function (Value/Volume)
    • 7.2.1. Emulsifier
    • 7.2.2. PH Adjuster
    • 7.2.3. Surfactant
    • 7.2.4. Others
  • 7.3. By Application (Value/Volume)
    • 7.3.1. Personal Care & Cosmetics
    • 7.3.2. Detergents & Household Cleaners
    • 7.3.3. Cement & Concrete
    • 7.3.4. Metalworking & Industrial Fluids
    • 7.3.5. Textiles & Leather Processing
    • 7.3.6. Herbicide Intermediate
    • 7.3.7. Others
  • 7.4. By Country (Value/Volume)
    • 7.4.1. Germany
      • 7.4.1.1. By Application (Value/Volume)
        • 7.4.1.1.1. Personal Care & Cosmetics
        • 7.4.1.1.2. Detergents & Household Cleaners
        • 7.4.1.1.3. Cement & Concrete
        • 7.4.1.1.4. Metalworking & Industrial Fluids
        • 7.4.1.1.5. Textiles & Leather Processing
        • 7.4.1.1.6. Herbicide Intermediate
        • 7.4.1.1.7. Others
    • 7.4.2. U.K.
      • 7.4.2.1. By Application (Value/Volume)
        • 7.4.2.1.1. Personal Care & Cosmetics
        • 7.4.2.1.2. Detergents & Household Cleaners
        • 7.4.2.1.3. Cement & Concrete
        • 7.4.2.1.4. Metalworking & Industrial Fluids
        • 7.4.2.1.5. Textiles & Leather Processing
        • 7.4.2.1.6. Herbicide Intermediate
        • 7.4.2.1.7. Others
    • 7.4.3. France
      • 7.4.3.1. By Application (Value/Volume)
        • 7.4.3.1.1. Personal Care & Cosmetics
        • 7.4.3.1.2. Detergents & Household Cleaners
        • 7.4.3.1.3. Cement & Concrete
        • 7.4.3.1.4. Metalworking & Industrial Fluids
        • 7.4.3.1.5. Textiles & Leather Processing
        • 7.4.3.1.6. Herbicide Intermediate
        • 7.4.3.1.7. Others
    • 7.4.4. Italy
      • 7.4.4.1. By Application (Value/Volume)
        • 7.4.4.1.1. Personal Care & Cosmetics
        • 7.4.4.1.2. Detergents & Household Cleaners
        • 7.4.4.1.3. Cement & Concrete
        • 7.4.4.1.4. Metalworking & Industrial Fluids
        • 7.4.4.1.5. Textiles & Leather Processing
        • 7.4.4.1.6. Herbicide Intermediate
        • 7.4.4.1.7. Others
    • 7.4.5. Rest of Europe
      • 7.4.5.1. By Application (Value/Volume)
        • 7.4.5.1.1. Personal Care & Cosmetics
        • 7.4.5.1.2. Detergents & Household Cleaners
        • 7.4.5.1.3. Cement & Concrete
        • 7.4.5.1.4. Metalworking & Industrial Fluids
        • 7.4.5.1.5. Textiles & Leather Processing
        • 7.4.5.1.6. Herbicide Intermediate
        • 7.4.5.1.7. Others

8. Asia-Pacific Triethanolamine Market Analysis, Insights and Forecast, 2019-2032

  • 8.1. Key Findings / Summary
  • 8.2. By Function (Value/Volume)
    • 8.2.1. Emulsifier
    • 8.2.2. PH Adjuster
    • 8.2.3. Surfactant
    • 8.2.4. Others
  • 8.3. By Application (Value/Volume)
    • 8.3.1. Personal Care & Cosmetics
    • 8.3.2. Detergents & Household Cleaners
    • 8.3.3. Cement & Concrete
    • 8.3.4. Metalworking & Industrial Fluids
    • 8.3.5. Textiles & Leather Processing
    • 8.3.6. Herbicide Intermediate
    • 8.3.7. Others
  • 8.4. By Country (Value/Volume)
    • 8.4.1. China
      • 8.4.1.1. By Application (Value/Volume)
        • 8.4.1.1.1. Personal Care & Cosmetics
        • 8.4.1.1.2. Detergents & Household Cleaners
        • 8.4.1.1.3. Cement & Concrete
        • 8.4.1.1.4. Metalworking & Industrial Fluids
        • 8.4.1.1.5. Textiles & Leather Processing
        • 8.4.1.1.6. Herbicide Intermediate
        • 8.4.1.1.7. Others
    • 8.4.2. India
      • 8.4.2.1. By Application (Value/Volume)
        • 8.4.2.1.1. Personal Care & Cosmetics
        • 8.4.2.1.2. Detergents & Household Cleaners
        • 8.4.2.1.3. Cement & Concrete
        • 8.4.2.1.4. Metalworking & Industrial Fluids
        • 8.4.2.1.5. Textiles & Leather Processing
        • 8.4.2.1.6. Herbicide Intermediate
        • 8.4.2.1.7. Others
    • 8.4.3. Japan
      • 8.4.3.1. By Application (Value/Volume)
        • 8.4.3.1.1. Personal Care & Cosmetics
        • 8.4.3.1.2. Detergents & Household Cleaners
        • 8.4.3.1.3. Cement & Concrete
        • 8.4.3.1.4. Metalworking & Industrial Fluids
        • 8.4.3.1.5. Textiles & Leather Processing
        • 8.4.3.1.6. Herbicide Intermediate
        • 8.4.3.1.7. Others
    • 8.4.4. South Korea
      • 8.4.4.1. By Application (Value/Volume)
        • 8.4.4.1.1. Personal Care & Cosmetics
        • 8.4.4.1.2. Detergents & Household Cleaners
        • 8.4.4.1.3. Cement & Concrete
        • 8.4.4.1.4. Metalworking & Industrial Fluids
        • 8.4.4.1.5. Textiles & Leather Processing
        • 8.4.4.1.6. Herbicide Intermediate
        • 8.4.4.1.7. Others
    • 8.4.5. Rest of Asia-Pacific
      • 8.4.5.1. By Application (Value/Volume)
        • 8.4.5.1.1. Personal Care & Cosmetics
        • 8.4.5.1.2. Detergents & Household Cleaners
        • 8.4.5.1.3. Cement & Concrete
        • 8.4.5.1.4. Metalworking & Industrial Fluids
        • 8.4.5.1.5. Textiles & Leather Processing
        • 8.4.5.1.6. Herbicide Intermediate
        • 8.4.5.1.7. Others

9. Latin America Triethanolamine Market Analysis, Insights and Forecast, 2019-2032

  • 9.1. Key Findings / Summary
  • 9.2. By Function (Value/Volume)
    • 9.2.1. Emulsifier
    • 9.2.2. PH Adjuster
    • 9.2.3. Surfactant
    • 9.2.4. Others
  • 9.3. By Application (Value/Volume)
    • 9.3.1. Personal Care & Cosmetics
    • 9.3.2. Detergents & Household Cleaners
    • 9.3.3. Cement & Concrete
    • 9.3.4. Metalworking & Industrial Fluids
    • 9.3.5. Textiles & Leather Processing
    • 9.3.6. Herbicide Intermediate
    • 9.3.7. Others
  • 9.4. By Country (Value/Volume)
    • 9.4.1. Brazil
      • 9.4.1.1. By Application (Value/Volume)
        • 9.4.1.1.1. Personal Care & Cosmetics
        • 9.4.1.1.2. Detergents & Household Cleaners
        • 9.4.1.1.3. Cement & Concrete
        • 9.4.1.1.4. Metalworking & Industrial Fluids
        • 9.4.1.1.5. Textiles & Leather Processing
        • 9.4.1.1.6. Herbicide Intermediate
        • 9.4.1.1.7. Others
    • 9.4.2. Mexico
      • 9.4.2.1. By Application (Value/Volume)
        • 9.4.2.1.1. Personal Care & Cosmetics
        • 9.4.2.1.2. Detergents & Household Cleaners
        • 9.4.2.1.3. Cement & Concrete
        • 9.4.2.1.4. Metalworking & Industrial Fluids
        • 9.4.2.1.5. Textiles & Leather Processing
        • 9.4.2.1.6. Herbicide Intermediate
        • 9.4.2.1.7. Others
    • 9.4.3. Rest of Latin America
      • 9.4.3.1. By Application (Value/Volume)
        • 9.4.3.1.1. Personal Care & Cosmetics
        • 9.4.3.1.2. Detergents & Household Cleaners
        • 9.4.3.1.3. Cement & Concrete
        • 9.4.3.1.4. Metalworking & Industrial Fluids
        • 9.4.3.1.5. Textiles & Leather Processing
        • 9.4.3.1.6. Herbicide Intermediate
        • 9.4.3.1.7. Others

10. Middle East & Africa Triethanolamine Market Analysis, Insights and Forecast, 2019-2032

  • 10.1. Key Findings / Summary
  • 10.2. By Function (Value/Volume)
    • 10.2.1. Emulsifier
    • 10.2.2. PH Adjuster
    • 10.2.3. Surfactant
    • 10.2.4. Others
  • 10.3. By Application (Value/Volume)
    • 10.3.1. Personal Care & Cosmetics
    • 10.3.2. Detergents & Household Cleaners
    • 10.3.3. Cement & Concrete
    • 10.3.4. Metalworking & Industrial Fluids
    • 10.3.5. Textiles & Leather Processing
    • 10.3.6. Herbicide Intermediate
    • 10.3.7. Others
  • 10.4. By Country (Value/Volume)
    • 10.4.1. GCC
      • 10.4.1.1. By Application (Value/Volume)
        • 10.4.1.1.1. Personal Care & Cosmetics
        • 10.4.1.1.2. Detergents & Household Cleaners
        • 10.4.1.1.3. Cement & Concrete
        • 10.4.1.1.4. Metalworking & Industrial Fluids
        • 10.4.1.1.5. Textiles & Leather Processing
        • 10.4.1.1.6. Herbicide Intermediate
        • 10.4.1.1.7. Others
    • 10.4.2. South Africa
      • 10.4.2.1. By Application (Value/Volume)
        • 10.4.2.1.1. Personal Care & Cosmetics
        • 10.4.2.1.2. Detergents & Household Cleaners
        • 10.4.2.1.3. Cement & Concrete
        • 10.4.2.1.4. Metalworking & Industrial Fluids
        • 10.4.2.1.5. Textiles & Leather Processing
        • 10.4.2.1.6. Herbicide Intermediate
        • 10.4.2.1.7. Others
    • 10.4.3. Rest of Middle East & Africa
      • 10.4.3.1. By Application (Value/Volume)
        • 10.4.3.1.1. Personal Care & Cosmetics
        • 10.4.3.1.2. Detergents & Household Cleaners
        • 10.4.3.1.3. Cement & Concrete
        • 10.4.3.1.4. Metalworking & Industrial Fluids
        • 10.4.3.1.5. Textiles & Leather Processing
        • 10.4.3.1.6. Herbicide Intermediate
        • 10.4.3.1.7. Others

11. Competitive Landscape

  • 11.1. Global Market Share/ Ranking Analysis, By Key Players, 2024
  • 11.2. Company Profiles
    • 11.2.1. BASF SE (Germany)
      • 11.2.1.1. Overview
      • 11.2.1.2. Description
      • 11.2.1.3. Product Portfolio
      • 11.2.1.4. Financials (Data as available in public domain and/or on paid databases)
      • 11.2.1.5. Recent Developments
    • 11.2.2. DOW (U.S)
      • 11.2.2.1. Overview
      • 11.2.2.2. Description
      • 11.2.2.3. Product Portfolio
      • 11.2.2.4. Financials (Data as available in public domain and/or on paid databases)
      • 11.2.2.5. Recent Developments
    • 11.2.3. Indorama Ventures Public Company Limited (Thailand)
      • 11.2.3.1. Overview
      • 11.2.3.2. Description
      • 11.2.3.3. Product Portfolio
      • 11.2.3.4. Financials (Data as available in public domain and/or on paid databases)
      • 11.2.3.5. Recent Developments
    • 11.2.4. INEOS (U.K)
      • 11.2.4.1. Overview
      • 11.2.4.2. Description
      • 11.2.4.3. Product Portfolio
      • 11.2.4.4. Financials (Data as available in public domain and/or on paid databases)
      • 11.2.4.5. Recent Developments
    • 11.2.5. Nouryon (Netherlands)
      • 11.2.5.1. Overview
      • 11.2.5.2. Description
      • 11.2.5.3. Product Portfolio
      • 11.2.5.4. Financials (Data as available in public domain and/or on paid databases)
      • 11.2.5.5. Recent Developments
    • 11.2.6. SABIC (Saudi Arabia)
      • 11.2.6.1. Overview
      • 11.2.6.2. Description
      • 11.2.6.3. Product Portfolio
      • 11.2.6.4. Financials (Data as available in public domain and/or on paid databases)
      • 11.2.6.5. Recent Developments
    • 11.2.7. Sintez OKA Group of Companies (Russia)
      • 11.2.7.1. Overview
      • 11.2.7.2. Description
      • 11.2.7.3. Product Portfolio
      • 11.2.7.4. Financials (Data as available in public domain and/or on paid databases)
      • 11.2.7.5. Recent Developments
    • 11.2.8. OUCC (Taiwan)
      • 11.2.8.1. Overview
      • 11.2.8.2. Description
      • 11.2.8.3. Product Portfolio
      • 11.2.8.4. Financials (Data as available in public domain and/or on paid databases)
      • 11.2.8.5. Recent Developments
    • 11.2.9. Kanto Kagaku (Japan)
      • 11.2.9.1. Overview
      • 11.2.9.2. Description
      • 11.2.9.3. Product Portfolio
      • 11.2.9.4. Financials (Data as available in public domain and/or on paid databases)
      • 11.2.9.5. Recent Developments
    • 11.2.10. Shree Vallabh Chemical (India)
      • 11.2.10.1. Overview
      • 11.2.10.2. Description
      • 11.2.10.3. Product Portfolio
      • 11.2.10.4. Financials (Data as available in public domain and/or on paid databases)
      • 11.2.10.5. Recent Developments

12. Strategic Recommendations

List of Tables

  • Table 1: Global Triethanolamine Market Revenue (USD Billion) Forecast, By Function, 2019-2032
  • Table 2: Global Triethanolamine Market Volume (Kiloton) Forecast, By Function, 2019-2032
  • Table 3: Global Triethanolamine Market Revenue (USD Billion) Forecast, By Application, 2019-2032
  • Table 4: Global Triethanolamine Market Volume (Kiloton) Forecast, By Application, 2019-2032
  • Table 5: Global Triethanolamine Market Revenue (USD Billion) Forecast, by Region, 2019-2032
  • Table 6: Global Triethanolamine Market Volume (Kiloton) Forecast, by Region, 2019-2032
  • Table 7: North America Triethanolamine Market Revenue (USD Billion) Forecast, By Function, 2019-2032
  • Table 8: North America Triethanolamine Market Volume (Kiloton) Forecast, By Function, 2019-2032
  • Table 9: North America Triethanolamine Market Revenue (USD Billion) Forecast, By Application, 2019-2032
  • Table 10: North America Triethanolamine Market Volume (Kiloton) Forecast, By Application, 2019-2032
  • Table 11: North America Triethanolamine Market Revenue (USD Billion) Forecast, by Country, 2019-2032
  • Table 12: North America Triethanolamine Market Volume (Kiloton) Forecast, by Country, 2019-2032
  • Table 13: U.S. Triethanolamine Market Revenue (USD Billion) Forecast, By Application, 2019-2032
  • Table 14: U.S. Triethanolamine Market Volume (Kiloton) Forecast, By Application, 2019-2032
  • Table 15: Canada Triethanolamine Market Revenue (USD Billion) Forecast, By Application, 2019-2032
  • Table 16: Canada Triethanolamine Market Volume (Kiloton) Forecast, By Application, 2019-2032
  • Table 17: Europe Triethanolamine Market Revenue (USD Billion) Forecast, By Function, 2019-2032
  • Table 18: Europe Triethanolamine Market Volume (Kiloton) Forecast, By Function, 2019-2032
  • Table 19: Europe Triethanolamine Market Revenue (USD Billion) Forecast, By Application, 2019-2032
  • Table 20: Europe Triethanolamine Market Volume (Kiloton) Forecast, By Application, 2019-2032
  • Table 21: Europe Triethanolamine Market Revenue (USD Billion) Forecast, by Country, 2019-2032
  • Table 22: Europe Triethanolamine Market Volume (Kiloton) Forecast, by Country 2019-2032
  • Table 23: Germany Triethanolamine Market Revenue (USD Billion) Forecast, By Application, 2019-2032
  • Table 24: Germany Triethanolamine Market Volume (Kiloton) Forecast, By Application, 2019-2032
  • Table 25: U.K. Triethanolamine Market Revenue (USD Billion) Forecast, By Application, 2019-2032
  • Table 26: U.K. Triethanolamine Market Volume (Kiloton) Forecast, By Application, 2019-2032
  • Table 27: France Triethanolamine Market Revenue (USD Billion) Forecast, By Application, 2019-2032
  • Table 28: France Triethanolamine Market Volume (Kiloton) Forecast, By Application, 2019-2032
  • Table 29: Italy Triethanolamine Market Revenue (USD Billion) Forecast, By Application, 2019-2032
  • Table 30: Italy Triethanolamine Market Volume (Kiloton) Forecast, By Application, 2019-2032
  • Table 31: Rest of Europe Triethanolamine Market Revenue (USD Billion) Forecast, By Application, 2019-2032
  • Table 32: Rest of Europe Triethanolamine Market Volume (Kiloton) Forecast, By Application, 2019-2032
  • Table 33: Asia Pacific Triethanolamine Market Revenue (USD Billion) Forecast, By Function, 2019-2032
  • Table 34: Asia Pacific Triethanolamine Market Volume (Kiloton) Forecast, By Function, 2019-2032
  • Table 35: Asia Pacific Triethanolamine Market Revenue (USD Billion) Forecast, By Application, 2019-2032
  • Table 36: Asia Pacific Triethanolamine Market Volume (Kiloton) Forecast, By Application, 2019-2032
  • Table 37: Asia Pacific Triethanolamine Market Revenue (USD Billion) Forecast, by Country, 2019-2032
  • Table 38: Asia Pacific Triethanolamine Market Volume (Kiloton) Forecast, by Country, 2019-2032
  • Table 39: China Triethanolamine Market Revenue (USD Billion) Forecast, By Application, 2019-2032
  • Table 40: China Triethanolamine Market Volume (Kiloton) Forecast, By Application, 2019-2032
  • Table 41: India Triethanolamine Market Revenue (USD Billion) Forecast, By Application, 2019-2032
  • Table 42: India Triethanolamine Market Volume (Kiloton) Forecast, By Application, 2019-2032
  • Table 43: Japan Triethanolamine Market Revenue (USD Billion) Forecast, By Application, 2019-2032
  • Table 44: Japan Triethanolamine Market Volume (Kiloton) Forecast, By Application, 2019-2032
  • Table 45: South Korea Triethanolamine Market Revenue (USD Billion) Forecast, By Application, 2019-2032
  • Table 46: South Korea Triethanolamine Market Volume (Kiloton) Forecast, By Application, 2019-2032
  • Table 47: Rest of Asia Pacific Triethanolamine Market Revenue (USD Billion) Forecast, By Application, 2019-2032
  • Table 48: Rest of Asia Pacific Triethanolamine Market Volume (Kiloton) Forecast, By Application, 2019-2032
  • Table 49: Latin America Triethanolamine Market Revenue (USD Billion) Forecast, By Function, 2019-2032
  • Table 50: Latin America Triethanolamine Market Volume (Kiloton) Forecast, By Function, 2019-2032
  • Table 51: Latin America Triethanolamine Market Revenue (USD Billion) Forecast, By Application, 2019-2032
  • Table 52: Latin America Triethanolamine Market Volume (Kiloton) Forecast, By Application, 2019-2032
  • Table 53: Latin America Triethanolamine Market Revenue (USD Billion) Forecast, by Country, 2019-2032
  • Table 54: Latin America Triethanolamine Market Volume (Kiloton) Forecast, by Country, 2019-2032
  • Table 55: Brazil Triethanolamine Market Revenue (USD Billion) Forecast, By Application, 2019-2032
  • Table 56: Brazil Triethanolamine Market Volume (Kiloton) Forecast, By Application, 2019-2032
  • Table 57: Mexico Triethanolamine Market Revenue (USD Billion) Forecast, By Application, 2019-2032
  • Table 58: Mexico Triethanolamine Market Volume (Kiloton) Forecast, By Application, 2019-2032
  • Table 59: Rest of Latin America Triethanolamine Market Revenue (USD Billion) Forecast, By Application, 2019-2032
  • Table 60: Rest of Latin America Triethanolamine Market Volume (Kiloton) Forecast, By Application, 2019-2032
  • Table 61: Middle East & Africa Triethanolamine Market Revenue (USD Billion) Forecast, By Function, 2019-2032
  • Table 62: Middle East & Africa Triethanolamine Market Volume (Kiloton) Forecast, By Function, 2019-2032
  • Table 63: Middle East & Africa Triethanolamine Market Revenue (USD Billion) Forecast, By Application, 2019-2032
  • Table 64: Middle East & Africa Triethanolamine Market Volume (Kiloton) Forecast, By Application, 2019-2032
  • Table 65: Middle East & Africa Triethanolamine Market Revenue (USD Billion) Forecast, by Country, 2019-2032
  • Table 66: Middle East & Africa Triethanolamine Market Volume (Kiloton) Forecast, by Country, 2019-2032
  • Table 67: GCC Triethanolamine Market Revenue (USD Billion) Forecast, By Application, 2019-2032
  • Table 68: GCC Triethanolamine Market Volume (Kiloton) Forecast, By Application, 2019-2032
  • Table 69: South Africa Triethanolamine Market Revenue (USD Billion) Forecast, By Application, 2019-2032
  • Table 70: South Africa Triethanolamine Market Volume (Kiloton) Forecast, By Application, 2019-2032
  • Table 71: Rest of Middle East & Africa Triethanolamine Market Revenue (USD Billion) Forecast, By Application, 2019-2032
  • Table 72: Rest of Middle East & Africa Triethanolamine Market Volume (Kiloton) Forecast, By Application, 2019-2032

List of Figures

  • Figure 1: Global Triethanolamine Market Revenue Breakdown (USD Billion, %) by Region, 2024 & 2032
  • Figure 2: Global Triethanolamine Market Volume Breakdown (Kiloton, %) by Region, 2024 & 2032
  • Figure 3: Global Triethanolamine Market Revenue (USD Billion) By Function, 2024 & 2032
  • Figure 4: Global Triethanolamine Market Volume (Kiloton) By Function, 2024 & 2032
  • Figure 5: Global Triethanolamine Market Revenue Share (%) By Function, 2024
  • Figure 6: Global Triethanolamine Market Volume Share (%) By Function, 2024
  • Figure 7: Global Triethanolamine Market Revenue (USD Billion) Forecast, by Emulsifier, 2019 -2032
  • Figure 8: Global Triethanolamine Market Volume (Kiloton) Forecast, by Emulsifier, 2019 -2032
  • Figure 9: Global Triethanolamine Market Revenue (USD Billion) Forecast, by PH Adjuster, 2019 -2032
  • Figure 10: Global Triethanolamine Market Volume (Kiloton) Forecast, by PH Adjuster, 2019 -2032
  • Figure 11: Global Triethanolamine Market Revenue (USD Billion) Forecast, by Surfactant, 2019 -2032
  • Figure 12: Global Triethanolamine Market Volume (Kiloton) Forecast, by Surfactant, 2019 -2032
  • Figure 13: Global Triethanolamine Market Revenue (USD Billion) Forecast, by Others, 2019 -2032
  • Figure 14: Global Triethanolamine Market Volume (Kiloton) Forecast, by Others, 2019 -2032
  • Figure 15: Global Triethanolamine Market Revenue (USD Billion) By Application, 2024 & 2032
  • Figure 16: Global Triethanolamine Market Volume (Kiloton) By Application, 2024 & 2032
  • Figure 17: Global Triethanolamine Market Revenue Share (%) By Application, 2024
  • Figure 18: Global Triethanolamine Market Volume Share (%) By Application, 2024
  • Figure 19: Global Triethanolamine Market Revenue (USD Billion) Forecast, by Personal Care & Cosmetics, 2019 -2032
  • Figure 20: Global Triethanolamine Market Volume (Kiloton) Forecast, by Personal Care & Cosmetics, 2019 -2032
  • Figure 21: Global Triethanolamine Market Revenue (USD Billion) Forecast, by Detergents & Household Cleaners, 2019 -2032
  • Figure 22: Global Triethanolamine Market Volume (Kiloton) Forecast, by Detergents & Household Cleaners, 2019 -2032
  • Figure 23: Global Triethanolamine Market Revenue (USD Billion) Forecast, by Cement & Concrete, 2019 -2032
  • Figure 24: Global Triethanolamine Market Volume (Kiloton) Forecast, by Cement & Concrete, 2019 -2032
  • Figure 25: Global Triethanolamine Market Revenue (USD Billion) Forecast, by Metalworking & Industrial Fluids, 2019 -2032
  • Figure 26: Global Triethanolamine Market Volume (Kiloton) Forecast, by Metalworking & Industrial Fluids, 2019 -2032
  • Figure 27: Global Triethanolamine Market Revenue (USD Billion) Forecast, by Textiles & Leather Processing, 2019 -2032
  • Figure 28: Global Triethanolamine Market Volume (Kiloton) Forecast, by Textiles & Leather Processing, 2019 -2032
  • Figure 29: Global Triethanolamine Market Revenue (USD Billion) Forecast, by Herbicide Intermediate, 2019 -2032
  • Figure 30: Global Triethanolamine Market Volume (Kiloton) Forecast, by Herbicide Intermediate, 2019 -2032
  • Figure 31: Global Triethanolamine Market Revenue (USD Billion) Forecast, by Others, 2019 -2032
  • Figure 32: Global Triethanolamine Market Volume (Kiloton) Forecast, by Others, 2019 -2032
  • Figure 33: Global Triethanolamine Market Revenue (USD Billion) By Region, 2024 & 2032
  • Figure 34: Global Triethanolamine Market Volume (Kiloton) By Region, 2024 & 2032
  • Figure 35: Global Triethanolamine Market Revenue Share (%) by Region, 2024 & 2032
  • Figure 36: Global Triethanolamine Market Volume Share (%) by Region, 2024 & 2032
  • Figure 37: North America Triethanolamine Market Revenue (USD Billion) By Function, 2024 & 2032
  • Figure 38: North America Triethanolamine Market Volume (Kiloton) By Function, 2024 & 2032
  • Figure 39: North America Triethanolamine Market Revenue Share (%) By Function, 2024
  • Figure 40: North America Triethanolamine Market Volume Share (%) By Function, 2024
  • Figure 41: North America Triethanolamine Market Revenue (USD Billion) By Application, 2024 & 2032
  • Figure 42: North America Triethanolamine Market Volume (Kiloton) By Application, 2024 & 2032
  • Figure 43: North America Triethanolamine Market Revenue Share (%) By Application, 2024
  • Figure 44: North America Triethanolamine Market Volume Share (%) By Application, 2024
  • Figure 45: North America Triethanolamine Market Revenue (USD Billion) by Country, 2024 & 2032
  • Figure 46: North America Triethanolamine Market Volume (Kiloton) by Country, 2024 & 2032
  • Figure 47: North America Triethanolamine Market Revenue Share (%) by Country, 2024
  • Figure 48: North America Triethanolamine Market Volume Share (%) by Country, 2024
  • Figure 49: Europe Triethanolamine Market Revenue (USD Billion) By Function, 2024 & 2032
  • Figure 50: Europe Triethanolamine Market Volume (Kiloton) By Function, 2024 & 2032
  • Figure 51: Europe Triethanolamine Market Revenue Share (%) By Function, 2024
  • Figure 52: Europe Triethanolamine Market Volume Share (%) By Function, 2024
  • Figure 53: Europe Triethanolamine Market Revenue (USD Billion) By Application, 2024 & 2032
  • Figure 54: Europe Triethanolamine Market Volume (Kiloton) By Application, 2024 & 2032
  • Figure 55: Europe Triethanolamine Market Revenue Share (%) By Application, 2024
  • Figure 56: Europe Triethanolamine Market Volume Share (%) By Application, 2024
  • Figure 57: Europe Triethanolamine Market Revenue (USD Billion) by Country, 2024 & 2032
  • Figure 58: Europe Triethanolamine Market Volume (Kiloton) by Country, 2024 & 2032
  • Figure 59: Europe Triethanolamine Market Revenue Share (%) by Country, 2024
  • Figure 60: Europe Triethanolamine Market Volume Share (%) by Country, 2024
  • Figure 61: Asia Pacific Triethanolamine Market Revenue (USD Billion) By Function, 2024 & 2032
  • Figure 62: Asia Pacific Triethanolamine Market Volume (Kiloton) By Function, 2024 & 2032
  • Figure 63: Asia Pacific Triethanolamine Market Revenue Share (%) By Function, 2024
  • Figure 64: Asia Pacific Triethanolamine Market Volume Share (%) By Function, 2024
  • Figure 65: Asia Pacific Triethanolamine Market Revenue (USD Billion) By Application, 2024 & 2032
  • Figure 66: Asia Pacific Triethanolamine Market Volume (Kiloton) By Application, 2024 & 2032
  • Figure 67: Asia Pacific Triethanolamine Market Revenue Share (%) By Application, 2024
  • Figure 68: Asia Pacific Triethanolamine Market Volume Share (%) By Application, 2024
  • Figure 69: Asia Pacific Triethanolamine Market Revenue (USD Billion) by Country, 2024 & 2032
  • Figure 70: Asia Pacific Triethanolamine Market Volume (Kiloton) by Country, 2024 & 2032
  • Figure 71: Asia Pacific Triethanolamine Market Revenue Share (%) by Country, 2024
  • Figure 72: Asia Pacific Triethanolamine Market Volume Share (%) by Country, 2024
  • Figure 73: Latin America Triethanolamine Market Revenue (USD Billion) By Function, 2024 & 2032
  • Figure 74: Latin America Triethanolamine Market Volume (Kiloton) By Function, 2024 & 2032
  • Figure 75: Latin America Triethanolamine Market Revenue Share (%) By Function, 2024
  • Figure 76: Latin America Triethanolamine Market Volume Share (%) By Function, 2024
  • Figure 77: Latin America Triethanolamine Market Revenue (USD Billion) By Application, 2024 & 2032
  • Figure 78: Latin America Triethanolamine Market Volume (Kiloton) By Application, 2024 & 2032
  • Figure 79: Latin America Triethanolamine Market Revenue Share (%) By Application, 2024
  • Figure 80: Latin America Triethanolamine Market Volume Share (%) By Application, 2024
  • Figure 81: Latin America Triethanolamine Market Revenue (USD Billion) by Country, 2024 & 2032
  • Figure 82: Latin America Triethanolamine Market Volume (Kiloton) by Country, 2024 & 2032
  • Figure 83: Latin America Triethanolamine Market Revenue Share (%) by Country, 2024
  • Figure 84: Latin America Triethanolamine Market Volume Share (%) by Country, 2024
  • Figure 85: Middle East & Africa Triethanolamine Market Revenue (USD Billion) By Function, 2024 & 2032
  • Figure 86: Middle East & Africa Triethanolamine Market Volume (Kiloton) By Function, 2024 & 2032
  • Figure 87: Middle East & Africa Triethanolamine Market Revenue Share (%) By Function, 2024
  • Figure 88: Middle East & Africa Triethanolamine Market Volume Share (%) By Function, 2024
  • Figure 89: Middle East & Africa Triethanolamine Market Revenue (USD Billion) By Application, 2024 & 2032
  • Figure 90: Middle East & Africa Triethanolamine Market Volume (Kiloton) By Application, 2024 & 2032
  • Figure 91: Middle East & Africa Triethanolamine Market Revenue Share (%) By Application, 2024
  • Figure 92: Middle East & Africa Triethanolamine Market Volume Share (%) By Application, 2024
  • Figure 93: Middle East & Africa Triethanolamine Market Revenue (USD Billion) by Country, 2024 & 2032
  • Figure 94: Middle East & Africa Triethanolamine Market Volume (Kiloton) by Country, 2024 & 2032
  • Figure 95: Middle East & Africa Triethanolamine Market Revenue Share (%) by Country, 2024
  • Figure 96: Middle East & Africa Triethanolamine Market Volume Share (%) by Country, 2024