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市场调查报告书
商品编码
1916506
全球疫苗市场:市场规模、份额、成长率、产业分析、按类型、应用和地区划分的考量、未来预测(2026-2034)Vaccines Market Size, Share, Growth and Global Industry Analysis By Type & Application, Regional Insights and Forecast to 2026-2034 |
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预计2025年全球疫苗市场规模将达到889.2亿美元,2026年将成长至956.8亿美元,到2034年将达到2115.8亿美元。预计在预测期内(2026-2034年),其复合年增长率(CAGR)为10.43%。北美地区在全球疫苗市场占据主导地位,2025年市占率将达到45.42%,这得益于其较高的疫苗接种率、有利的报销制度以及主要疫苗生产商的存在。
疫苗仍然是预防传染病和降低长期医疗保健成本最具成本效益的公共卫生工具之一。疾病流行率上升、疫苗接种计划扩大以及公众意识提升正在推动全球疫苗接种率的增长。
市场驱动因素
传染病发生率上升是疫苗需求的主要驱动因素。根据美国疾病管制与预防中心 (CDC) 统计,2023 年美国报告的脑膜炎球菌疾病病例数达到 422 例,为 2014 年以来的最高值。疾病爆发的增加促使各国政府加强免疫接种支出,并扩大常规疫苗和加强疫苗的采购。
大规模公共卫生计画也进一步推动了市场成长。 2024 年 11 月,印度卫生和家庭福利部宣布将每年的 11 月 10 日定为“世界免疫日”,并加强了全民免疫计划 (UIP) 的宣传活动。 UIP 是全球规模最大的公共卫生计划之一。
在强大的生产管线、全球供应协议和改进的分销网络的推动下,儿童和成人人口的疫苗接种覆盖率持续提高。
市场限制因子
儘管需求强劲,但高昂的研发和生产成本阻碍了市场扩张,尤其是在低收入国家。根据美国助理部长办公室(负责专案和评估)的报告,预防性疫苗的平均研发成本为1.327亿美元,这还不包括生产和分销基础设施。
复杂的监管要求、漫长的临床开发週期和严格的品质控制加剧了价格压力。这些因素限制了发展中国家的疫苗可负担性,并延缓了较小区域市场的产品上市。
市场机会
研发投入的增加为扩大病毒性和细菌性疾病疫苗管线创造了强劲的机会。对肝炎、登革热、伊波拉出血热、肺炎球菌感染和带状疱疹的关注度不断提高,正在加速临床研发活动。
新冠肺炎疫情表明,透过先进的平台和国际资金协调,快速研发疫苗是可行的。目前,各公司正在利用mRNA、病毒载体和重组技术来缩短研发週期。
2024年6月,Dynavax Technologies启动了其带状疱疹候选疫苗Z-1018的I/II期临床试验,这反映出私部门对预防医学领域的投资不断增加。
市场挑战
各地区严格的监管准则使合规变得复杂,并延误了审批。此外,疫苗需要严格的冷链物流,这使得在偏远和欠发达地区运输和储存变得困难。
供应链中断、冷藏能力有限以及基础设施不足阻碍了最后一公里配送,影响了新兴市场的疫苗接种覆盖率,并减缓了国家疫苗接种计划的推进。
疫苗市场趋势
製造商正在加速从传统小瓶到预灌封注射器 (PFS) 的过渡,PFS 可以降低污染风险、剂量错误和产品浪费。 PFS 也有助于提高大规模疫苗接种计画的效率。
2022 年 9 月,BD 推出了新一代玻璃预灌封注射器,以满足不断变化的疫苗生产需求。基于 PFS 的疫苗获得监管部门批准,进一步加速了其应用。
按类型
重组/结合/次单位疫苗细分市场在2026年占据市场主导地位,市占率达46.88%,主要得益于其卓越的安全性、强大的免疫反应和可扩展的生产过程。巴伐利亚北欧公司的重组基孔肯雅疫苗VIMKUNYA于2025年2月获得欧洲批准。
灭活疫苗细分市场占据第二大市场份额,这主要得益于狂犬病、流感、甲型肝炎和伤寒疫苗需求的成长。赛诺菲公司的狂犬病疫苗VeroRab于2024年4月在英国上市,进一步推动了该细分市场的成长。
由于适应症范围扩大到新冠肺炎以外的其他疾病,mRNA细分市场预计将实现最快成长。 2024年8月,辉瑞和BioNTech发表了其流感和新冠病毒联合mRNA疫苗候选产品的3期临床试验数据。
依给药途径
2026年,注射剂疫苗占据市场主导地位,市占率高达85.18%,主要得益于多种肌肉注射和皮下注射剂型。注射剂疫苗的监管审批数量持续增加。
由于製剂方面的挑战,口服疫苗的推广速度较为缓慢,但霍乱和小儿麻痹预防计画仍持续成长。
依疾病类型
2026年,病毒性疾病疫苗将占66.01%的市场份额,主要得益于流感疫苗、人类乳突病毒(HPV)疫苗、呼吸道合胞病毒(RSV)疫苗、肝炎疫苗和带状疱疹疫苗的推广。政府的宣传活动和定期加强免疫接种计画将继续推动病毒疫苗的普及。
由于抗生素抗药性的增加和新生儿疫苗接种计划的实施,因此预计细菌疫苗的复合年增长率将更高。 2025年3月,默克公司(Merck & Co.)的肺炎链球菌疫苗CAPVAXIVE获得欧盟批准。
依年龄组别划分
受出生率上升和强制性儿童疫苗接种计划的推动,儿科市场将在2026年占据52.74%的市场份额。政府资助的免疫接种计划仍然是主要推动因素。
由于针对老年人的呼吸道合胞病毒(RSV)、人类乳突病毒(HPV)和猴痘(Mpox)疫苗接种计画的增加,成人市场也在成长。
依通路划分
政府采购机构透过联合国儿童基金会(UNICEF)、泛美卫生组织(PAHO)和各国计画主导采购。由于就医便利性提高,预计到 2025 年,医院和零售药局将占据 48.1% 的市场份额。
在公共资金、美国疾病管制与预防中心 (CDC) 的建议以及製造商的推动下,预计北美市场规模将在 2025 年达到 403.9 亿美元,并在 2026 年达到 438.2 亿美元。光是美国预计在 2026 年就将达到 369.2 亿美元。
亚太地区市场规模预计在 2025 年达到 221.4 亿美元,主要得益于出生率上升、政府项目以及製造业产能的扩张。预计中国在2026年将录得26.8亿美元的市场规模,印度在2025年将录得24.6亿美元的市场规模。
欧洲在2025年将录得190.7亿美元的市场规模,这得益于其集中化的医疗保健体系和不断增加的监管审批。德国录得51.1亿美元的市场规模,法国则录得43.6亿美元的市场规模。
拉丁美洲在2025年将达到59.5亿美元的市场规模,海湾合作委员会(GCC)国家在2025年将占5.3亿美元的市场规模,这得益于各国不断扩大的疫苗接种预算。
The global vaccines market size was valued at USD 88.92 billion in 2025 and is projected to grow to USD 95.68 billion in 2026, reaching USD 211.58 billion by 2034, registering a CAGR of 10.43% during the forecast period (2026-2034). North America dominated the global vaccines market with a 45.42% market share in 2025, supported by strong immunization coverage, favorable reimbursement frameworks, and the presence of leading vaccine manufacturers.
Vaccines remain one of the most cost-effective public health tools for preventing infectious diseases and reducing long-term healthcare expenditure. Rising disease prevalence, expanding immunization schedules, and increasing awareness programs are strengthening global vaccine adoption.
Market Drivers
The rising incidence of infectious diseases is a major factor driving vaccine demand. According to the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 422 meningococcal disease cases were reported in the U.S. in 2023, the highest since 2014. Growing disease outbreaks increase government spending on immunization and expand procurement of routine and booster doses.
Large-scale public health programs are further supporting market growth. In November 2024, India's Ministry of Health and Family Welfare announced annual observance of World Immunization Day on November 10, strengthening awareness under the Universal Immunization Programme (UIP), one of the world's largest public health initiatives.
Strong manufacturer pipelines, global supply contracts, and improved delivery networks continue to increase vaccine coverage across pediatric and adult populations.
Market Restraints
Despite strong demand, high development and production costs restrict market expansion, particularly in low-income countries. According to the U.S. Assistant Secretary for Planning and Evaluation, the average preventive vaccine development cost is USD 132.7 million, excluding manufacturing facilities and distribution infrastructure.
Complex regulatory requirements, long clinical development timelines, and strict quality controls increase pricing pressures. These factors reduce affordability in developing economies and slow product launches in smaller regional markets.
Market Opportunities
Expanding R&D investment is creating strong opportunities for pipeline expansion across viral and bacterial disease segments. Growing focus on hepatitis, dengue, Ebola, pneumococcal disease, and shingles is accelerating clinical development activity.
The COVID-19 pandemic demonstrated rapid vaccine development feasibility using advanced platforms and global funding coordination. Companies are now leveraging mRNA, viral vector, and recombinant technologies to shorten development cycles.
In June 2024, Dynavax Technologies initiated Phase 1/2 trials for Z-1018, an investigational shingles vaccine candidate, reflecting increasing private-sector investments in preventive medicine.
Market Challenges
Stringent regulatory guidelines across regions increase compliance complexity and delay approvals. Additionally, vaccines require strict cold-chain logistics, making transportation and storage difficult in remote and underdeveloped regions.
Supply chain disruptions, refrigeration limitations, and infrastructure gaps hinder last-mile delivery, affecting coverage in emerging markets and slowing national immunization rollouts.
Vaccines Market Trends
Manufacturers are increasingly shifting from traditional vials to prefilled syringe (PFS) formats, which reduce contamination risks, dosing errors, and product wastage. PFS also improves vaccination efficiency during mass immunization programs.
In September 2022, BD launched next-generation glass prefillable syringes to meet evolving vaccine manufacturing needs. Regulatory approvals for PFS-based vaccines are further accelerating adoption.
By Type
The recombinant/conjugate/subunit vaccine segment dominated the market with 46.88% share in 2026, driven by strong safety profiles, stable immune responses, and scalable production processes. Bavarian Nordic's VIMKUNYA recombinant chikungunya vaccine received European approval in February 2025.
The inactivated segment held the second-largest share, supported by rising demand for rabies, influenza, hepatitis A, and typhoid vaccines. Sanofi's Verorab rabies vaccine launch in the U.K. in April 2024 supported segment growth.
The mRNA segment is expected to grow at the fastest rate due to expanding indications beyond COVID-19. In August 2024, Pfizer and BioNTech reported Phase 3 data for combined influenza-COVID mRNA vaccine candidates.
By Route of Administration
Parenteral vaccines dominated the market with 85.18% share in 2026, supported by widespread intramuscular and subcutaneous formulations. Regulatory approvals for injectable vaccines continue to rise.
Oral vaccines show slower adoption due to formulation challenges but maintain growth in cholera and polio prevention programs.
By Disease Indication
Viral diseases accounted for 66.01% market share in 2026, driven by influenza, HPV, RSV, hepatitis, and shingles vaccines. Government awareness campaigns and routine booster programs continue to expand viral vaccine uptake.
Bacterial vaccines are expected to grow at higher CAGR due to antibiotic resistance and rising neonatal immunization programs. In March 2025, Merck received EU approval for CAPVAXIVE pneumococcal vaccine.
By Age Group
The pediatric segment dominated with 52.74% share in 2026, supported by birth rates and mandatory childhood vaccination schedules. Government-funded immunization programs remain major contributors.
The adult segment is growing due to increased RSV, HPV, and Mpox vaccination programs targeting older populations.
By Distribution Channel
Government suppliers dominated procurement through UNICEF, PAHO, and national programs. Hospital and retail pharmacies accounted for 48.1% share in 2025, supported by improved accessibility and consumer convenience.
North America generated USD 40.39 billion in 2025 and USD 43.82 billion in 2026, supported by public funding, CDC recommendations, and manufacturer presence. The U.S. alone reached USD 36.92 billion in 2026.
Asia Pacific reached USD 22.14 billion in 2025, driven by rising birth rates, government programs, and expanding manufacturing capacity. China reached USD 2.68 billion in 2026, while India stood at USD 2.46 billion in 2025.
Europe generated USD 19.07 billion in 2025, supported by centralized healthcare systems and increasing regulatory approvals, with Germany at USD 5.11 billion and France at USD 4.36 billion.
Latin America reached USD 5.95 billion in 2025, while GCC countries accounted for USD 0.53 billion in 2025, supported by expanding national immunization budgets.
Competitive Landscape
Major players including GSK, Pfizer, Sanofi, Merck, Moderna, CSL, AstraZeneca, and Bavarian Nordic dominate through strong product portfolios and continuous R&D investment. Strategic acquisitions, regulatory approvals, and pipeline expansion remain core growth strategies across the vaccines industry.
Conclusion
The global vaccines market is on a strong growth trajectory, expanding from USD 88.92 billion in 2025 to USD 95.68 billion in 2026, and projected to reach USD 211.58 billion by 2034, driven by rising infectious disease burden, expanding national immunization programs, and continuous innovation in vaccine technologies. North America remains the leading region with a 45.42% share in 2025, supported by strong public health funding and rapid regulatory approvals, while Asia Pacific is emerging as a high-growth region due to increasing birth rates and government vaccination initiatives. Segment-wise, recombinant/conjugate/subunit vaccines (46.88% share in 2026) and parenteral administration (85.18% share in 2026) dominate due to proven efficacy and widespread clinical adoption, while viral disease vaccines account for the majority of demand with 66.01% share in 2026. Although high development costs, regulatory complexity, and cold-chain logistics remain key challenges, rising R&D investments, expansion of mRNA platforms, and the shift toward prefilled syringes are strengthening production efficiency and distribution reliability. Overall, vaccines continue to remain a cornerstone of global preventive healthcare, with sustained demand across pediatric and adult populations supporting long-term market expansion.
Segmentation By Type
By Route of Administration
By Disease Indication
By Age Group
By Distribution Channel
By Region