封面
市场调查报告书
商品编码
1558209

泻盐市场报告:2030 年趋势、预测与竞争分析

Epsom Salt Market Report: Trends, Forecast and Competitive Analysis to 2030

出版日期: | 出版商: Lucintel | 英文 150 Pages | 商品交期: 3个工作天内

价格

本网页内容可能与最新版本有所差异。详细情况请与我们联繫。

简介目录

泻盐趋势和预测

到 2030 年,全球泻盐市场预计将达到 55 亿美元,2024 年至 2030 年复合年增长率为 5.1%。这个市场的主要驱动因素是人们对有机产品益处的认识不断提高,工业级泻盐在农业和园艺应用中的使用不断增加,以及消费者对健康的认识不断增强。全球泻盐市场的未来性可能包括食品和饮料、农业、个人护理和製药市场的机会。

Lucintel 预测,由于颗粒的高溶解度,在预测期内仍将是最大的细分市场。

在这个市场中,由于消费者对自我护理和健康的兴趣不断增加,个人照护仍将是最大的细分市场。

由于个人护理行业的显着增长以及人们对泻盐药用特性的认识不断提高,北美在预测期内将继续成为最大的地区。

泻盐市场新趋势

泻盐市场趋势是由影响其应用和生产的几个新兴趋势决定的。

  • 永续生产:采用永续采矿和加工方法减少了泻盐的生态足迹,使其更加环保。
  • 健康与保健:使用硫酸镁的保健产品越来越受欢迎,这是由浴盐和营养补充剂等食品推动的,这些产品被认为是治疗许多疾病的灵丹妙药。
  • 农业:人们越来越认识到使用泻盐可以改善土壤肥力和促进作物健康,这推动了泻盐在世界各地农村地区的使用。
  • 化妆品用途:高端化妆品和水疗产品融合了泻盐的治疗和护肤功效。
  • 工业创新:泻盐为各种工业流程带来了新方法,打破了最初将泻盐仅用于传统用途的特定领域和活动的界限。

这些趋势正在重塑该行业,促进永续性,改善健康,影响农业,并开拓新的工业应用。实际上,这些变化将透过技术创新带来多个领域的成长。

泻盐市场的最新趋势

生产方法的进步、应用的扩大和市场机会的扩大是泻盐产业近期趋势的特征。

  • 健康与保健:由于其益处,泻盐越来越多地用于开发浴盐和补充品等保健产品。
  • 农业进步:​​泻盐用于提高土壤肥力和强化农业作物,增加其经济价值。
  • 化妆品创新:泻盐因其治疗功效而被纳入优质化妆品和水疗产品。
  • 工业用途:泻盐在其传统使用领域之外还有新的工业用途。

这些发展正在提高生产效率,增加泻盐在健康和保健、农业和化妆品中的使用,并开拓新的工业应用。这扩大了泻盐的市场潜力,并将其定位为具有内在价值的多功能产品。

泻盐市场的策略性成长机会

泻盐市场具有广泛的应用领域,由于技术进步和不断变化的消费者需求,这些领域提供了策略机会。

  • 健康和保健产品:由于富含镁的医疗保健市场的成长,泻盐被用作营养食品、浴盐和放鬆治疗,并且具有巨大的成长潜力。
  • 农业集约化:对土壤健康和作物营养的关注为使用泻盐作为肥料和土壤改良剂的主要成分之一提供了机会。
  • 化妆品和个人护理:泻盐可用于豪华化妆品品牌、脸部和护肤产品以及水疗系统,以发展个人护理行业。此外,透过采用奢华化妆品品牌进军个人护理领域将进一步推动销售。
  • 工业用途:这种需求是透过创建製造流程扩展到其他各种市场而产生的,这些製造流程涉及有影响力的化学品,为泻盐开拓了新的用途。
  • 永续实践:投资永续生产方法和环保产品,透过满足监管要求和消费者需求的永续方式来确保我们的市场地位并提高我们的行销吸引力。

这些可以被视为泻盐产业在健康和保健、农业、化妆品产业和工业应用领域的成长选择。透过这样做,泻盐产业可以扩大其在市场中的影响力并刺激多个行业的创新。

泻盐市场驱动因素与挑战

泻盐业务有几个驱动和阻碍因素,影响市场动态和成长前景。

推动泻盐市场的因素是:

1. 技术进步:新的萃取和加工技术使得在保持环保方法的同时获得更有效的治疗方法成为可能。

2. 健康意识增强:随着消费者对健康和保健的兴趣日益浓厚,对含有泻盐的营养食品以及有助于改善个人整体健康的放鬆产品的需求也随之增加。

3. 农业需求:泻盐的使用是因为它能够提高土壤肥力和提高农作物产量。

4. 扩大化妆品市场:奢侈化妆品系列与泻盐的整合开启了其他可能性。

永续性趋势:对环保和永续产品的关注正在扩大市场规模,同时强调全球环境标准。

泻盐市场面临的挑战包括:

1.生产成本:开采硫酸镁的开采成本较高,会降低企业的盈利,降低其竞争优势。

2. 监管合规性:保健食品法规包含无数复杂的要求,在进入市场之前必须满足这些要求。

3.市场竞争:对于泻盐产品来说,替代品的存在会影响价格地位。

4.供应链问题:供应链中断会影响生产成本和通路。

5. 环境影响:克服对不同生产方法影响的担忧对于公司建立正面形象至关重要。

技术创新、成本管理方法、监管合规需求、永续性等是泻盐产业必须考虑的驱动力。必须解决这些因素,并充分利用其他因素,以保持在该市场的地位并利用其成长前景。

泻盐按细分市场

该研究包括按形式、用途和地区对全球泻盐的预测。

各国泻盐市场前景

泻盐含有硫酸镁,广泛应用于农业、医药、卫生等各个领域。新兴市场的近期趋势是由于生产技术的进步、应用领域的扩大以及市场需求的变化。

  • 美国:美国透过永续采矿技术提高了泻盐的生产效率和环境影响。最终,它越来越多地被用作健康和保健产品的成分,例如富含镁的浴盐和食品补充品。此外,它在美国农业部门的土壤改良和作物营养方面的应用正在增加。
  • 中国:由于农业和工业应用的需求不断增长,中国的泻盐产量正在大幅增加。该国正在投资提高提取和加工技术的有效性。此外,中国正在透过增加大宗出口(尤其是农产品出口)来增加全球市场占有率。
  • 德国:在德国,泻盐主要用于高品质药品和化妆品。人们正在不断创新以精製泻盐并提高其治疗效果。此外,该国正在研究镁在健康中的作用,包括减少肌肉痉挛和压力。
  • 印度:印度已将泻盐纳入各种农业实践中,强调其在改善土壤健康和提高单位面积作物产量方面的好处。因此,印度当今面临的主要挑战之一是开发一种经济的方法在国内生产足够的泻盐,同时满足国外不断增长的需求。最终,该产品可以引入传统医疗系统,因为它涵盖现代和古代用途。
  • 日本:在日本,泻盐越来越多地用于美容护理产品,例如水疗护理和护肤霜。这是因为有必要利用泻盐中所含的放鬆作用来保持美丽。除了传统用途外,泻盐还可用于肥料和製造过程。

常问问题

Q1.市场规模为:

A1. 到 2030 年,全球泻盐市场预计将达到 55 亿美元。

Q2.市场成长预测是多少:

A2. 2024年至2030年,全球泻盐市场预计将以5.1%的复合年增长率成长。

Q3.影响市场成长的主要驱动因素是:

A3. 该市场的主要驱动因素是人们对有机产品益处的认识不断提高,工业级泻盐在农业和园艺应用中的使用不断增加,以及消费者的健康意识不断提高。

Q4.市场的主要细分市场是:

A4. 泻盐市场在食品饮料、农业、个人护理和医药市场的未来性。

Q5.市场的主要企业是:

A5.主要企业如下:

  • Dadakarides Salt
  • Kneipp
  • Giles Chemical
  • STANDERS
  • L'Occitane International
  • Shiseido Company
  • Unilever

Q6.未来最大的细分市场是什么?

A6.Lucintel 预计,由于颗粒的高溶解度,在预测期内仍将是最大的细分市场。

Q7. 未来五年预计哪些地区的市场成长最大?

A7. 由于个人护理行业的显着增长以及人们对泻盐药用价值的认识不断提高,北美在预测期内将继续成为最大的地区。

Q8. 可以客製化报告吗?

A8. 是的,Lucintel 提供 10% 的客製化服务,无需额外付费。

目录

第一章执行摘要

第二章全球泻盐市场:市场动态

  • 简介、背景、分类
  • 供应链
  • 产业驱动因素与挑战

第三章 2018-2030年市场趋势及预测分析

  • 宏观经济趋势(2018-2023)与预测(2024-2030)
  • 全球泻盐市场趋势(2018-2023)与预测(2024-2030)
  • 按形式分類的全球泻盐市场
    • 颗粒
    • 粉末
    • 结晶
  • 全球泻盐市场(按应用)
    • 食品/饮料
    • 农业
    • 个人护理
    • 药品
    • 其他的

第四章 2018-2030年区域市场趋势及预测分析

  • 按地区分類的全球泻盐市场
  • 北美泻盐市场
  • 欧洲泻盐市场
  • 亚太泻盐市场
  • 其他地区泻盐市场

第五章 竞争分析

  • 产品系列分析
  • 营运整合
  • 波特五力分析

第六章 成长机会与策略分析

  • 成长机会分析
    • 全球泻盐市场成长机会(按形式)
    • 全球泻盐市场成长机会(按应用)
    • 按地区分類的全球泻盐市场成长机会
  • 全球泻盐市场的新兴趋势
  • 战略分析
    • 新产品开发
    • 扩大全球泻盐市场产能
    • 全球泻盐市场的合併、收购和合资企业
    • 认证和许可

第七章主要企业概况

  • Dadakarides Salt
  • Kneipp
  • Giles Chemical
  • STANDERS
  • L'Occitane International
  • Shiseido Company
  • Unilever
简介目录

Epsom Salt Trends and Forecast

The future of the global Epsom salt market looks promising with opportunities in the food & beverage, agriculture, personal care, and pharmaceutical markets. The global Epsom salt market is expected to reach an estimated $5.5 billion by 2030 with a CAGR of 5.1% from 2024 to 2030. The major drivers for this market are rising awareness among people about the benefits of organic products, growing usage of technical-grade Epsom salt in the agriculture and horticulture applications, and increasing consumer awareness towards health.

Lucintel forecasts that granule will remain the largest segment over the forecast period due to its enhanced solubility characteristics.

Within this market, personal care will remain the largest segment due to rising consumer focus on self-care and wellness.

North America will remain the largest region over the forecast period due to significantly growing personal care industry and rising awareness towards medicinal properties of Epsom salt in the region.

Emerging Trends in the Epsom Salt Market

The dynamics of epsom salt market are shaped by several developing trends that have impact on its applications and production.

  • Sustainable Production: The use of sustainable mining and processing practices is lowering the ecological footprint of epsom salts making it more eco-friendly.
  • Health and Wellness: The reason behind this increasing popularity for wellness products with magnesium sulfate includes bath salts, dietary supplements among others which are seen as a panacea to many ailments.
  • Agricultural Use: Growing awareness about the advantages of using epsom salts for improving soil fertility and enhancing crop health is driving their uptake in farming communities across the globe.
  • Cosmetic Applications: High-end cosmetics and spa products are now infused with Epsom salt given its therapeutic effects as well as skin-care attributes.
  • Industrial Innovations: This brings up new approaches in various industrial processes thus breaking down boundaries that were there initially limiting usage of epsom salts to specific sectors only or activities which might be considered traditional applications alone.

These trends are reshaping the industry by promoting sustainability, improving health and wellness implications for agriculture, exploring new industrial uses. In effect, these changes will result in multiple growth areas driven by innovation.

Recent Developments in the Epsom Salt Market

Advancements in production methods, expanding applications, and growing market opportunities characterize recent developments within epsom salt sector.

  • Health and Wellness: Epsom salt is increasingly being applied in the development of health products such as bath salts and supplements based on its perceived advantages.
  • Agricultural Advancements: The use of epsom salt for enhancing soil fertility and crop nutrition in agriculture is gaining popularity thereby increasing its economic value.
  • Innovations in Cosmetic Products: The presence of epsom salt in superior cosmetic and spa products originates from its healing properties.
  • Industrial Applications: There are new industrial applications for epsom salt, which go beyond the conventional sectors where it has been used in the past.

These developments enhance production efficiency, increase usage of epsom salt in health and wellness, agriculture, and cosmetics as well as open up new industrial applications. This expands its market potential and positions it as a versatile product that has intrinsic value.

Strategic Growth Opportunities for Epsom Salt Market

While there are a wide array of application areas within the epsom salt market that provide strategic opportunities due to technology advancements and evolving consumer needs.

  • Health and Wellness Products: A growing magnesium-rich healthcare market provides substantial growth prospects for epsom salts when used as dietary supplements, bath products or relaxation treatments.
  • Agricultural Enhancements: The focus on soil health and crop nutrition presents an opportunity for using Epsom salt as one of the main ingredients in fertilizers or soil conditioners.
  • Cosmetics and Personal Care: Increasing the use of epsom salt within high-end cosmetics brands, facial skincare items or spa systems can grow personal care industry. Furthermore, expanding into personal care sector by adoption of luxury cosmetic brands will drive further sales.
  • Industrial Uses: Such needs stem from venturing into various other markets through creation such as manufacturing processes involving chemicals with influences like innovating new uses for Epsom salt.
  • Sustainable Practices: Towards securing a place in the market improving marketing appeal through sustainable means that meets regulatory requirements and consumers' demands by investing in sustainable production methods and eco-friendly products.

These could be seen as growth options that are available to the epsom salt industry in health and wellness, agriculture, cosmetic industry and industrial applications. By doing so, the sector can expand its presence in marketplaces and spur innovation across multiple industries.

Epsom Salt Market Driver and Challenges

There are several factors driving or hindering movement of the epsom salt business thereby affecting market dynamics and growth prospects.

The factors responsible for driving the epsom salt market include:

1. Technological Advancements: New techniques of extraction and processing make it possible for getting more efficient remedies while maintaining environment-friendly methods.

2. Growing Health Awareness: With increasing consumer focus on health and well-being, there is a demand for dietary supplements containing epsom salts alongside relaxation products that help to improve general wellness conditions of individuals.

3. Agricultural Demand: The use of epsom salt has been motivated by its ability to enhance soil fertility hence increased crop yield.

4. Cosmetic Market Expansion: There are other possibilities opened up due to integration of high-end cosmetic lines with epsom salts.

5. Sustainability Trends: The focus on green and sustainable products underlines global environmental standards while expanding their market size.

Challenges in the epsom salt market are:

1. Production Costs: High mining costs associated with extracting magnesium sulphates may dampen firms' profitability leading to reduced competitive advantage.

2. Regulatory Compliance: Health products regulations contain a myriad complex requirements that need to be navigated before entering into the market space.

3. Market Competition: The existence of alternative inputs or outputs had an effect on the price position as far as the products from Epsom salt are concerned.

4. Supply Chain Issues: Any form of disruption within supply chain affects both production cost effectiveness and distribution channels.

5. Environmental Impact: Overcoming concerns over impacts from different production practices will be critical for companies to build positive image.

Technological innovation, cost management approaches, regulatory compliance needs, and sustainability are some drivers that must be factored into the epsom salt industry. There will be need to address these and to fully exploit the other drivers in this market so as to remain relevant in it and capitalize on its growth prospects.

List of Epsom Salt Companies

Companies in the market compete on the basis of product quality offered. Major players in this market focus on expanding their manufacturing facilities, R&D investments, infrastructural development, and leverage integration opportunities across the value chain. With these strategies Epsom salt companies cater increasing demand, ensure competitive effectiveness, develop innovative products & technologies, reduce production costs, and expand their customer base. Some of the Epsom salt companies profiled in this report include-

  • Dadakarides Salt
  • Kneipp
  • Giles Chemical
  • STANDERS
  • L'Occitane International
  • Shiseido Company
  • Unilever

Epsom Salt by Segment

The study includes a forecast for the global Epsom salt by form, application, and region.

Epsom Salt Market by Form [Analysis by Value from 2018 to 2030]:

  • Granules
  • Powder
  • Crystal

Epsom Salt Market by Application [Analysis by Value from 2018 to 2030]:

  • Food & Beverages
  • Agriculture
  • Personal Care
  • Pharmaceuticals
  • Others

Epsom Salt Market by Region [ Analysis by Value from 2018 to 2030]:

  • North America
  • Europe
  • Asia Pacific
  • The Rest of the World

Country Wise Outlook for the Epsom Salt Market

Epsom salt, which contains magnesium sulfate is widely used in different sectors like agriculture, pharmaceuticals, and wellness. Developments that have been observed recently are due to advances in production technology, increased areas of application and changing market demands.

  • United States: The US has improved the efficiency and environmental impact of epsom salt production due to sustainable mining techniques. Eventually it is being increasingly employed as an ingredient in health and wellness merchandise such as magnesium-rich bath products or food supplements. Moreover, there has been a rise in its usage for soil conditioning and crop nutrition mostly within United States' agricultural domain.
  • China: China has witnessed considerable expansion in its epsom salt output based on growing demand from agriculture and industrial applications. The country is investing into improving the effectiveness of extraction and processing technologies. Besides, China is extending its global market share by raising exports especially massive shipments intended for farming.
  • Germany: In Germany, emphasis has been put on the use of Epsom salt mainly in high quality pharmaceuticals and cosmetics. Innovations aim at purifying Epsom salts to enhance their efficacy for therapeutic purposes. Furthermore this country is conducting research on the role of magnesium for health including muscle cramps and stress reduction.
  • India: India's uptake of epsom salt into various agricultural practices highlights benefits associated with enhancing soil health together with increasing crop yield per unit area. As such one of the main challenges facing today's India lies with developing more economical ways to produce enough amounts of it nationally while catering to rising demand abroad too. Ultimately, this product can be introduced into traditional medicine systems since they encompass both modern and age-old applications.
  • Japan: In Japan, there has been an increase in using epsom salts alongside beauty care products such as spa treatments or skin creams. It is necessary to take advantage of relaxation properties found within epsom salts towards maintaining a good look among other things. Additionally, Epsom salt has the potential for use as a fertilizer or in manufacturing operations other than its traditional uses.

Features of the Global Epsom Salt Market

Market Size Estimates: Epsom salt market size estimation in terms of value ($B).

Trend and Forecast Analysis: Market trends (2018 to 2023) and forecast (2024 to 2030) by various segments and regions.

Segmentation Analysis: Epsom salt market size by form, application, and region in terms of value ($B).

Regional Analysis: Epsom salt market breakdown by North America, Europe, Asia Pacific, and Rest of the World.

Growth Opportunities: Analysis of growth opportunities in different forms, applications, and regions for the epsom salt market.

Strategic Analysis: This includes M&A, new product development, and competitive landscape of the epsom salt market.

Analysis of competitive intensity of the industry based on Porter's Five Forces model.

If you are looking to expand your business in this or adjacent markets, then contact us. We have done hundreds of strategic consulting projects in market entry, opportunity screening, due diligence, supply chain analysis, M & A, and more.

FAQ

Q1. What is the Epsom salt market size?

Answer: The global Epsom salt market is expected to reach an estimated $5.5 billion by 2030.

Q2. What is the growth forecast for Epsom salt market?

Answer: The global Epsom salt market is expected to grow with a CAGR of 5.1% from 2024 to 2030.

Q3. What are the major drivers influencing the growth of the Epsom salt market?

Answer: The major drivers for this market are rising awareness among people about the benefits of organic products, growing usage of technical-grade Epsom salt in the agriculture and horticulture applications, and increasing consumer awareness towards health.

Q4. What are the major segments for Epsom salt market?

Answer: The future of the Epsom salt market looks promising with opportunities in the food & beverage, agriculture, personal care, and pharmaceutical markets.

Q5. Who are the key Epsom salt market companies?

Answer: Some of the key Epsom salt companies are as follows:

  • Dadakarides Salt
  • Kneipp
  • Giles Chemical
  • STANDERS
  • L'Occitane International
  • Shiseido Company
  • Unilever

Q6. Which Epsom salt market segment will be the largest in future?

Answer: Lucintel forecasts that granule will remain the largest segment over the forecast period due to its enhanced solubility characteristics.

Q7. In Epsom salt market, which region is expected to be the largest in next 5 years?

Answer: North America will remain the largest region over the forecast period due to significantly growing personal care industry and rising awareness towards medicinal properties of Epsom salt in the region.

Q.8 Do we receive customization in this report?

Answer: Yes, Lucintel provides 10% customization without any additional cost.

This report answers following 11 key questions:

  • Q.1. What are some of the most promising, high-growth opportunities for the Epsom salt market by form (granules, powder, and crystal), application (food & beverages, agriculture, personal care, pharmaceuticals, and others), and region (North America, Europe, Asia Pacific, and the Rest of the World)?
  • Q.2. Which segments will grow at a faster pace and why?
  • Q.3. Which region will grow at a faster pace and why?
  • Q.4. What are the key factors affecting market dynamics? What are the key challenges and business risks in this market?
  • Q.5. What are the business risks and competitive threats in this market?
  • Q.6. What are the emerging trends in this market and the reasons behind them?
  • Q.7. What are some of the changing demands of customers in the market?
  • Q.8. What are the new developments in the market? Which companies are leading these developments?
  • Q.9. Who are the major players in this market? What strategic initiatives are key players pursuing for business growth?
  • Q.10. What are some of the competing products in this market and how big of a threat do they pose for loss of market share by material or product substitution?
  • Q.11. What M&A activity has occurred in the last 5 years and what has its impact been on the industry?
  • Market Report

Table of Contents

1. Executive Summary

2. Global Epsom Salt Market : Market Dynamics

  • 2.1: Introduction, Background, and Classifications
  • 2.2: Supply Chain
  • 2.3: Industry Drivers and Challenges

3. Market Trends and Forecast Analysis from 2018 to 2030

  • 3.1. Macroeconomic Trends (2018-2023) and Forecast (2024-2030)
  • 3.2. Global Epsom Salt Market Trends (2018-2023) and Forecast (2024-2030)
  • 3.3: Global Epsom Salt Market by Form
    • 3.3.1: Granules
    • 3.3.2: Powder
    • 3.3.3: Crystal
  • 3.4: Global Epsom Salt Market by Application
    • 3.4.1: Food & Beverages
    • 3.4.2: Agriculture
    • 3.4.3: Personal Care
    • 3.4.4: Pharmaceuticals
    • 3.4.5: Others

4. Market Trends and Forecast Analysis by Region from 2018 to 2030

  • 4.1: Global Epsom Salt Market by Region
  • 4.2: North American Epsom Salt Market
    • 4.2.1: North American Epsom Salt Market by Form: Granules, Powder, and Crystal
    • 4.2.2: North American Epsom Salt Market by Application: Food & Beverages, Agriculture, Personal Care, Pharmaceuticals, and Others
  • 4.3: European Epsom Salt Market
    • 4.3.1: European Epsom Salt Market by Form: Granules, Powder, and Crystal
    • 4.3.2: European Epsom Salt Market by Application: Food & Beverages, Agriculture, Personal Care, Pharmaceuticals, and Others
  • 4.4: APAC Epsom Salt Market
    • 4.4.1: APAC Epsom Salt Market by Form: Granules, Powder, and Crystal
    • 4.4.2: APAC Epsom Salt Market by Application: Food & Beverages, Agriculture, Personal Care, Pharmaceuticals, and Others
  • 4.5: ROW Epsom Salt Market
    • 4.5.1: ROW Epsom Salt Market by Form: Granules, Powder, and Crystal
    • 4.5.2: ROW Epsom Salt Market by Application: Food & Beverages, Agriculture, Personal Care, Pharmaceuticals, and Others

5. Competitor Analysis

  • 5.1: Product Portfolio Analysis
  • 5.2: Operational Integration
  • 5.3: Porter's Five Forces Analysis

6. Growth Opportunities and Strategic Analysis

  • 6.1: Growth Opportunity Analysis
    • 6.1.1: Growth Opportunities for the Global Epsom Salt Market by Form
    • 6.1.2: Growth Opportunities for the Global Epsom Salt Market by Application
    • 6.1.3: Growth Opportunities for the Global Epsom Salt Market by Region
  • 6.2: Emerging Trends in the Global Epsom Salt Market
  • 6.3: Strategic Analysis
    • 6.3.1: New Product Development
    • 6.3.2: Capacity Expansion of the Global Epsom Salt Market
    • 6.3.3: Mergers, Acquisitions, and Joint Ventures in the Global Epsom Salt Market
    • 6.3.4: Certification and Licensing

7. Company Profiles of Leading Players

  • 7.1: Dadakarides Salt
  • 7.2: Kneipp
  • 7.3: Giles Chemical
  • 7.4: STANDERS
  • 7.5: L'Occitane International
  • 7.6: Shiseido Company
  • 7.7: Unilever