封面
市场调查报告书
商品编码
1612858

全球切割设备市场:产业分析、规模、占有率、成长、趋势与预测(2024-2031)

Cutting Equipment Market: Global Industry Analysis, Size, Share, Growth, Trends, and Forecast, 2024-2031

出版日期: | 出版商: Persistence Market Research | 英文 226 Pages | 商品交期: 2-5个工作天内

价格
简介目录

重要见解

  • 切割设备市场规模(2024年):42.1亿美元
  • 市场规模预测(2031年):约68亿美元
  • 全球市场成长率(2024-2031):复合年增长率7.1%

市场推动因素:

对机械化切割设备的需求不断增长是市场的关键驱动力,尤其是在製造业。在北美和欧洲等已开发地区,熟练劳动力的短缺刺激了切割自动化技术的采用。劳动成本上升进一步放大了这一趋势,这增加了製造成本,尤其是在已开发国家。切割机器人和先进机械越来越多地被用来减少对人类劳动力的依赖并提高精确度。此外,汽车、建筑和造船等行业的快速工业化和成长对市场扩张做出了重大贡献,特别是在亚太地区。

市场限制:

儘管成长轨迹良好,但市场也面临课题。尤其对于中小企业来说,切割机的高成本是一个障碍。製造商主要位于北美和欧洲,这限制了先进切割技术在价格敏感的亚洲市场的采用。此外,将此类技术整合到现有製造系统中是资源密集且复杂的,这可能会进一步限制市场成长。

市场机会:

工业对自动化的日益关注也为切割设备市场创造了利润丰厚的机会。随着公司优先考虑效率和精度,对雷射切割和等离子切割等先进切割技术的需求预计将会增加。此外,新兴国家建筑、造船、汽车等终端产业的快速成长也提供了巨大的市场拓展潜力。在工业现代化努力的推动下,发展中地区也逐渐采用机械化和自动化切割技术。

本报告调查了全球切割设备市场,并提供了市场定义和概述、市场促进和阻碍因素、各种趋势、市场机会、课题、市场规模(数量和部分数量)趋势和预测以及各种信息,它总结了详细的分析。

目录

第1章执行摘要

第2章 市场概况

  • 市场分类
  • 市场定义

第3章 市场前景

  • 宏观经济因素

第4章全球切割设备市场分析与预测

  • 市场规模预测
  • 市场规模/年成长率
  • 获利机会
  • 价值链
  • 市场动态

第5章全球切割设备市场分析与预测:依切割技术分类

  • 市场规模趋势和预测
    • 等离子体
    • 氧气燃料
    • 雷射
    • 水刀
    • 碳弧
  • 市场吸引力分析

第6章全球切割设备市场分析与预测:依设备类型

  • 市场规模趋势和预测
    • 手动的
    • 机械化
  • 市场吸引力分析

第7章全球切割设备市场分析与预测:依最终使用者分类

  • 市场规模趋势和预测
    • 建造
    • 重型机械製造
    • 造船/近海
    • 汽车/交通
    • 其他
  • 市场吸引力分析

第8章全球切割设备市场分析与预测:分地区

  • 市场规模趋势和预测
    • 北美
    • 拉丁美洲
    • 亚太地区
    • 欧洲
    • 中东/非洲
  • 市场吸引力分析

第9章北美切割设备市场分析与预测

  • 价格分析
  • 市场规模趋势与预测:按细分市场
  • 市场规模趋势/预测:按国家/地区划分
    • 美国
    • 加拿大
  • 市场规模趋势与预测:透过切割技术
  • 市场规模趋势与预测:按设备类型
  • 市场规模趋势与预测:按最终用户分类
  • 促进因素与抑制因素:影响分析
  • 市场吸引力分析

第10章拉丁美洲切割设备市场分析与预测

  • 主要规定
  • 价格分析
  • 市场动态
  • 市场规模趋势与预测:按细分市场
  • 市场规模趋势/预测:按国家/地区划分
    • 巴西
    • 墨西哥
    • 其他
  • 市场规模趋势与预测:透过切割技术
  • 市场规模趋势与预测:按设备类型
  • 市场规模趋势与预测:按最终用户分类
  • 促进因素与抑制因素:影响分析
  • 市场吸引力分析

第11章欧洲切割设备市场分析与预测

  • 主要规定
  • 价格分析
  • 市场动态
  • 市场规模趋势与预测:按细分市场
  • 市场规模趋势/预测:按国家/地区划分
    • 德国
    • 义大利
    • 法国
    • 英国
    • 西班牙
    • 俄罗斯
    • 其他
  • 市场规模趋势与预测:透过切割技术
  • 市场规模趋势与预测:按设备类型
  • 市场规模趋势与预测:按最终用户分类
  • 促进因素与抑制因素:影响分析
  • 市场吸引力分析

第12章亚太切割设备市场分析与预测

  • 主要规定
  • 价格分析
  • 市场动态
  • 市场规模趋势与预测:按细分市场
  • 市场规模趋势/预测:按国家/地区划分
    • 中国
    • 印度
    • 日本
    • ASEAN
    • 其他
  • 市场规模趋势与预测:透过切割技术
  • 市场规模趋势与预测:按设备类型
  • 市场规模趋势与预测:按最终用户分类
  • 促进因素与抑制因素:影响分析
  • 市场吸引力分析

第13章中东及非洲切割设备市场分析及预测

  • 主要规定
  • 价格分析
  • 市场动态
  • 市场规模趋势与预测:按细分市场
  • 市场规模趋势/预测:按国家/地区划分
    • 海湾合作委员会国家
    • 土耳其
    • 南非
    • 其他
  • 市场规模趋势与预测:透过切割技术
  • 市场规模趋势与预测:按设备类型
  • 市场规模趋势与预测:按最终用户分类
  • 促进因素与抑制因素:影响分析
  • 市场吸引力分析

第14章全球切割设备耗材及配件市场预测:按地区

第15章 竞争格局

  • 市场占有率
  • 比赛仪表板
  • 公司简介(详细资料:概述、财务状况、策略、最新发展)
    • The Lincoln Electric Company
    • Colfax Corporation
    • Illinois Tool Works
    • Ador Welding Ltd.
    • Jet Edge, Inc.
    • DAIHEN Corporation
    • Hypertherm Inc.
    • GCE HOLDING AB
    • Amada Miyachi America, Inc.
    • KOIKE ARONSON INC
    • WB ALLOY WELDING PRODUCTS LTD.
    • Kennametal Inc.
    • CERATIZIT S.A.
    • OMAX Corporation
    • Flow International Corporation
    • Barton International Inc.
    • Wardjet Inc.
    • Opta Minerals Inc.
    • V.V. Minerals

第16章研究方法

第17章假设与缩写

简介目录
Product Code: PMRREP13255

Persistence Market Research has recently released an extensive report on the global Cutting Equipment Market, offering detailed insights into its key dynamics, growth trends, opportunities, and challenges. This report aims to provide industry stakeholders with a comprehensive understanding of the market landscape and facilitate informed decision-making.

Key Insights

  • Cutting Equipment Market Size (2024E): US$ 4.21 Billion
  • Projected Market Value (2031F): Nearly US$ 6.8 Billion
  • Global Market Growth Rate (CAGR 2024 to 2031): 7.1%

Cutting Equipment Market - Report Scope:

The global cutting equipment market encompasses a wide array of technologies and tools used for precision cutting across industries such as construction, automotive, shipbuilding, and heavy metal fabrication. Cutting technologies, including plasma, oxy-fuel, laser, waterjet, and carbon arc cutting, are pivotal in fabrication and manufacturing processes. The market has been experiencing steady growth driven by increasing industrial automation and technological advancements. Cutting equipment is available in manual and mechanized variants, with each catering to specific end-use applications. This diversity has solidified the market's presence across various industries worldwide.

Market Drivers:

The rising demand for mechanized cutting equipment, particularly in fabrication, is a key driver of the market. In developed regions like North America and Europe, the shortage of skilled labor has spurred the adoption of cutting automation technologies. This trend has been further amplified by the growing labor costs, which increase manufacturing expenses, particularly in developed countries. Cutting robots and advanced mechanized equipment are being increasingly utilized to mitigate dependency on manpower and enhance precision. Furthermore, rapid industrialization and growth in sectors such as automotive, construction, and shipbuilding are contributing significantly to the market's expansion, especially in the Asia Pacific region.

Market Restraints:

Despite its positive growth trajectory, the cutting equipment market faces notable challenges. The high cost of mechanized cutting equipment acts as a barrier, particularly for small and medium enterprises. Manufacturers are predominantly based in North America and Europe, leading to limited adoption of advanced cutting technologies in price-sensitive Asian markets. Additionally, the integration of such technologies into existing manufacturing systems can be resource-intensive and complex, further restraining market growth.

Market Opportunities:

The increasing focus on automation in industries presents a lucrative opportunity for the cutting equipment market. As companies prioritize efficiency and precision, demand for advanced cutting technologies like laser and plasma cutting is expected to rise. Additionally, the rapid growth of end-use industries such as construction, shipbuilding, and automotive in emerging economies offers significant potential for market expansion. Developing regions are also witnessing a gradual adoption of mechanized and automated cutting technologies, driven by industrial modernization efforts.

Key Questions Answered in the Report:

  • What factors are driving the growth of the global cutting equipment market?
  • How are automation and mechanized cutting technologies influencing market trends?
  • What challenges does the cutting equipment market face, and how can they be mitigated?
  • Which regions are expected to witness the highest growth during the forecast period?
  • Who are the key players in the market, and what strategies are they employing to maintain a competitive edge?
  • How are end-use industries such as automotive, construction, and shipbuilding impacting market dynamics?
  • What role do advancements in cutting technologies like laser and plasma cutting play in shaping the market's future?
  • How does the adoption of cutting equipment differ between developed and developing regions?

Competitive Intelligence and Business Strategy:

Prominent players in the cutting equipment market, including ESAB, Lincoln Electric, Colfax Corporation, and Koike Aronson, are investing in research and development to introduce innovative solutions. Companies are also focusing on strategic partnerships and acquisitions to expand their product portfolios and global reach. The increasing use of cutting robots and automation technologies further highlights the competitive landscape's emphasis on reducing operational costs and enhancing productivity.

Key Companies Profiled:

  • The Lincoln Electric Company
  • Colfax Corporation
  • Illinois Tool Works
  • Ador Welding Ltd.
  • Jet Edge, Inc.
  • DAIHEN Corporation
  • Hypertherm Inc.
  • GCE HOLDING AB
  • Amada Miyachi America, Inc.
  • KOIKE ARONSON INC
  • WB ALLOY WELDING PRODUCTS LTD.
  • Kennametal Inc.
  • CERATIZIT S.A.
  • OMAX Corporation
  • Flow International Corporation
  • Barton International Inc.
  • Wardjet Inc.
  • Opta Minerals Inc.
  • V.VMinerals
  • Others

Cutting Equipment Market Segmentation:

By Equipment Type:

  • Manual
  • Mechanized

By Cutting Technology:

  • Plasma Cutting
  • Oxy-fuel Cutting
  • Laser Cutting
  • Waterjet Cutting
  • Carbon Arc Cutting

By End-Use Industry:

  • Construction
  • Heavy Metal Fabrication
  • Shipbuilding & Offshore
  • Automotive
  • Others

By Type:

  • Equipment
  • Consumables/Accessories

By Region:

  • North America
  • Latin America
  • Europe
  • Asia Pacific
  • Middle East and Africa

Table of Contents

1. Executive Summary

  • 1.1. Overview
  • 1.2. Market Analysis
  • 1.3. PMR Analysis and Recommendations
  • 1.4. Wheel of Fortune

2. Market Introduction

  • 2.1. Market Taxonomy
  • 2.2. Market Definition

3. Market Viewpoint

  • 3.1. Macro-Economic Factors

4. Global Cutting Equipment Market Analysis 2019 - 2023 and Forecast 2024 - 2031

  • 4.1. Introduction
    • 4.1.1. Market Volume Projections
    • 4.1.2. Market Size and Y-o-Y Growth
    • 4.1.3. Absolute $ Opportunity
  • 4.2. Value Chain
  • 4.3. Dynamics

5. Global Cutting Equipment Market Analysis 2019 - 2023 and Forecast 2024 - 2031 By Cutting Technology

  • 5.1. Introduction / Key Findings
  • 5.2. Historical Market Size (US$ Bn) and Volume Analysis By Cutting Technology, 2019 - 2023
  • 5.3. Current Market Size (US$ Bn) and Volume Forecast By Cutting Technology, 2024 - 2031
    • 5.3.1. Plasma
    • 5.3.2. Oxy-fuel
    • 5.3.3. Laser
    • 5.3.4. Waterjet
    • 5.3.5. Carbon Arc
  • 5.4. Market Attractiveness Analysis By Cutting Technology

6. Global Cutting Equipment Market Analysis 2019 - 2023 and Forecast 2024 - 2031 By Equipment Type

  • 6.1. Introduction / Key Findings
  • 6.2. Historical Market Size (US$ Bn) and Volume Analysis By Equipment Type, 2019 - 2023
  • 6.3. Current Market Size (US$ Bn) and Volume Forecast By Equipment Type, 2024 - 2031
    • 6.3.1. Manual
    • 6.3.2. Mechanized
  • 6.4. Market Attractiveness Analysis By Equipment Type

7. Global Cutting Equipment Market Analysis 2019 - 2023 and Forecast 2024 - 2031 By End-use

  • 7.1. Introduction / Key Findings
  • 7.2. Historical Market Size (US$ Bn) and Volume Analysis By End-use, 2019 - 2023
  • 7.3. Current Market Size (US$ Bn) and Volume Forecast By End-use, 2024 - 2031
    • 7.3.1. Construction
    • 7.3.2. Heavy Equipment Fabrication
    • 7.3.3. Shipbuilding & Offshore
    • 7.3.4. Automotive & Transportation
    • 7.3.5. Others
  • 7.4. Market Attractiveness Analysis By End-use

8. Global Cutting Equipment Market Analysis 2019 - 2023 and Forecast 2024 - 2031 By Region

  • 8.1. Introduction / Key Findings
  • 8.2. Historical Market Size (US$ Bn) and Volume Analysis By Region, 2019 - 2023
  • 8.3. Current Market Size (US$ Bn) and Volume Forecast By Region, 2024 - 2031
    • 8.3.1. North America
    • 8.3.2. Latin America
    • 8.3.3. Asia Pacific
    • 8.3.4. Europe
    • 8.3.5. Middle East and Africa
  • 8.4. Market Attractiveness Analysis By Region

9. North America Cutting Equipment Market Analysis 2019 - 2023 and Forecast 2024 - 2031

  • 9.1. Introduction
  • 9.2. Pricing Analysis
  • 9.3. Historical Market Size (US$ Bn) and Volume Analysis By Market Taxonomy, 2019 - 2023
    • 9.3.1. By Country
    • 9.3.2. By Cutting Technology
    • 9.3.3. By Equipment Type
    • 9.3.4. By End-use
  • 9.4. Current Market Size (US$ Bn) and Volume Forecast By Country 2024 - 2031
    • 9.4.1. U.S.
    • 9.4.2. Canada
  • 9.5. Current Market Size (US$ Bn) and Volume Forecast By Cutting Technology 2024 - 2031
    • 9.5.1. Plasma
    • 9.5.2. Oxy-fuel
    • 9.5.3. Laser
    • 9.5.4. Waterjet
    • 9.5.5. Carbon Arc
  • 9.6. Current Market Size (US$ Bn) and Volume Forecast By Equipment Type 2024 - 2031
    • 9.6.1. Manual
    • 9.6.2. Mechanized
  • 9.7. Current Market Size (US$ Bn) and Volume Forecast By End-use 2024 - 2031
    • 9.7.1. Construction
    • 9.7.2. Heavy Equipment Fabrication
    • 9.7.3. Shipbuilding & Offshore
    • 9.7.4. Automotive & Transportation
    • 9.7.5. Others
  • 9.8. Drivers and Restraints: Impact Analysis
  • 9.9. Market Attractiveness Analysis
    • 9.9.1. By Country
    • 9.9.2. By Cutting Technology
    • 9.9.3. By Equipment Type
    • 9.9.4. By End-use

10. Latin America Market Analysis 2019 - 2023 and Forecast 2024 - 2031

  • 10.1. Introduction
  • 10.2. Key Regulations
  • 10.3. Pricing Analysis
  • 10.4. Regional Market Dynamics
    • 10.4.1. Drivers
    • 10.4.2. Restraints
    • 10.4.3. Trends
  • 10.5. Historical Market Size (US$ Bn) and Volume Analysis By Market Taxonomy, 2019 - 2023
    • 10.5.1. By Country
    • 10.5.2. By Cutting Technology
    • 10.5.3. By Equipment Type
    • 10.5.4. By End-use
  • 10.6. Current Market Size (US$ Bn) and Volume Forecast By Country 2024 - 2031
    • 10.6.1. Brazil
    • 10.6.2. Mexico
    • 10.6.3. Rest of Latin America
  • 10.7. Current Market Size (US$ Bn) and Volume Forecast By Cutting Technology 2024 - 2031
    • 10.7.1. Plasma
    • 10.7.2. Oxy-fuel
    • 10.7.3. Laser
    • 10.7.4. Waterjet
    • 10.7.5. Carbon Arc
  • 10.8. Current Market Size (US$ Bn) and Volume Forecast By Equipment Type 2024 - 2031
    • 10.8.1. Manual
    • 10.8.2. Mechanized
  • 10.9. Current Market Size (US$ Bn) and Volume Forecast By End-use 2024 - 2031
    • 10.9.1. Construction
    • 10.9.2. Heavy Equipment Fabrication
    • 10.9.3. Shipbuilding & Offshore
    • 10.9.4. Automotive & Transportation
    • 10.9.5. Others
  • 10.10. Drivers and Restraints: Impact Analysis
  • 10.11. Market Attractiveness Analysis
    • 10.11.1. By Country
    • 10.11.2. By Cutting Technology
    • 10.11.3. By Equipment Type
    • 10.11.4. By End-use

11. Europe Market Analysis 2019 - 2023 and Forecast 2024 - 2031

  • 11.1. Introduction
  • 11.2. Key Regulations
  • 11.3. Pricing Analysis
  • 11.4. Regional Market Dynamics
    • 11.4.1. Drivers
    • 11.4.2. Restraints
    • 11.4.3. Trends
  • 11.5. Historical Market Size (US$ Bn) and Volume Analysis By Market Taxonomy, 2019 - 2023
    • 11.5.1. By Country
    • 11.5.2. By Cutting Technology
    • 11.5.3. By Equipment Type
    • 11.5.4. By End-use
  • 11.6. Current Market Size (US$ Bn) and Volume Forecast By Country 2024 - 2031
    • 11.6.1. Germany
    • 11.6.2. Italy
    • 11.6.3. France
    • 11.6.4. U.K.
    • 11.6.5. Spain
    • 11.6.6. Russia
    • 11.6.7. Rest of Europe
  • 11.7. Current Market Size (US$ Bn) and Volume Forecast By Cutting Technology 2024 - 2031
    • 11.7.1. Plasma
    • 11.7.2. Oxy-fuel
    • 11.7.3. Laser
    • 11.7.4. Waterjet
    • 11.7.5. Carbon Arc
  • 11.8. Current Market Size (US$ Bn) and Volume Forecast By Equipment Type 2024 - 2031
    • 11.8.1. Manual
    • 11.8.2. Mechanized
  • 11.9. Current Market Size (US$ Bn) and Volume Forecast By End-use 2024 - 2031
    • 11.9.1. Construction
    • 11.9.2. Heavy Equipment Fabrication
    • 11.9.3. Shipbuilding & Offshore
    • 11.9.4. Automotive & Transportation
    • 11.9.5. Others
  • 11.10. Drivers and Restraints: Impact Analysis
  • 11.11. Market Attractiveness Analysis
    • 11.11.1. By Country
    • 11.11.2. By Cutting Technology
    • 11.11.3. By Equipment Type
    • 11.11.4. By End-use

12. Asia Pacific Market Analysis 2019 - 2023 and Forecast 2024 - 2031

  • 12.1. Introduction
  • 12.2. Key Regulations
  • 12.3. Pricing Analysis
  • 12.4. Regional Market Dynamics
    • 12.4.1. Drivers
    • 12.4.2. Restraints
    • 12.4.3. Trends
  • 12.5. Historical Market Size (US$ Bn) and Volume Analysis By Market Taxonomy, 2019 - 2023
    • 12.5.1. By Country
    • 12.5.2. By Cutting Technology
    • 12.5.3. By Equipment Type
    • 12.5.4. By End-use
  • 12.6. Current Market Size (US$ Bn) and Volume Forecast By Country 2024 - 2031
    • 12.6.1. China
    • 12.6.2. India
    • 12.6.3. Japan
    • 12.6.4. ASEAN
    • 12.6.5. Rest of APAC
  • 12.7. Current Market Size (US$ Bn) and Volume Forecast By Cutting Technology 2024 - 2031
    • 12.7.1. Plasma
    • 12.7.2. Oxy-fuel
    • 12.7.3. Laser
    • 12.7.4. Waterjet
    • 12.7.5. Carbon Arc
  • 12.8. Current Market Size (US$ Bn) and Volume Forecast By Equipment Type 2024 - 2031
    • 12.8.1. Manual
    • 12.8.2. Mechanized
  • 12.9. Current Market Size (US$ Bn) and Volume Forecast By End-use 2024 - 2031
    • 12.9.1. Construction
    • 12.9.2. Heavy Equipment Fabrication
    • 12.9.3. Shipbuilding & Offshore
    • 12.9.4. Automotive & Transportation
    • 12.9.5. Others
  • 12.10. Drivers and Restraints: Impact Analysis
  • 12.11. Market Attractiveness Analysis
    • 12.11.1. By Country
    • 12.11.2. By Cutting Technology
    • 12.11.3. By Equipment Type
    • 12.11.4. By End-use

13. Middle East and Africa Market Analysis 2019 - 2023 and Forecast 2024 - 2031

  • 13.1. Introduction
  • 13.2. Key Regulations
  • 13.3. Pricing Analysis
  • 13.4. Regional Market Dynamics
    • 13.4.1. Drivers
    • 13.4.2. Restraints
    • 13.4.3. Trends
  • 13.5. Historical Market Size (US$ Bn) and Volume Analysis By Market Taxonomy, 2019 - 2023
    • 13.5.1. By Country
    • 13.5.2. By Cutting Technology
    • 13.5.3. By Equipment Type
    • 13.5.4. By End-use
  • 13.6. Current Market Size (US$ Bn) and Volume Forecast By Country 2024 - 2031
    • 13.6.1. Gulf Co-Operation Council (GCC) Countries
    • 13.6.2. Turkey
    • 13.6.3. South Africa
    • 13.6.4. Rest of MEA
  • 13.7. Current Market Size (US$ Bn) and Volume Forecast By Cutting Technology 2024 - 2031
    • 13.7.1. Plasma
    • 13.7.2. Oxy-fuel
    • 13.7.3. Laser
    • 13.7.4. Waterjet
    • 13.7.5. Carbon Arc
  • 13.8. Current Market Size (US$ Bn) and Volume Forecast By Equipment Type 2024 - 2031
    • 13.8.1. Manual
    • 13.8.2. Mechanized
  • 13.9. Current Market Size (US$ Bn) and Volume Forecast By End-use 2024 - 2031
    • 13.9.1. Construction
    • 13.9.2. Heavy Equipment Fabrication
    • 13.9.3. Shipbuilding & Offshore
    • 13.9.4. Automotive & Transportation
    • 13.9.5. Others
  • 13.10. Drivers and Restraints: Impact Analysis
  • 13.11. Market Attractiveness Analysis
    • 13.11.1. By Country
    • 13.11.2. By Cutting Technology
    • 13.11.3. By Equipment Type
    • 13.11.4. By End-use

14. Global Cutting Equipment Consumable/Accessory Market Forecast, by Region

15. Competition Landscape

  • 15.1. Market Share
  • 15.2. Competition Dashboard
  • 15.3. Company Profiles (Details - Overview, Financials, Strategy, Recent Developments)
    • 15.3.1. The Lincoln Electric Company
    • 15.3.2. Colfax Corporation
    • 15.3.3. Illinois Tool Works
    • 15.3.4. Ador Welding Ltd.
    • 15.3.5. Jet Edge, Inc.
    • 15.3.6. DAIHEN Corporation
    • 15.3.7. Hypertherm Inc.
    • 15.3.8. GCE HOLDING AB
    • 15.3.9. Amada Miyachi America, Inc.
    • 15.3.10. KOIKE ARONSON INC
    • 15.3.11. WB ALLOY WELDING PRODUCTS LTD.
    • 15.3.12. Kennametal Inc.
    • 15.3.13. CERATIZIT S.A.
    • 15.3.14. OMAX Corporation
    • 15.3.15. Flow International Corporation
    • 15.3.16. Barton International Inc.
    • 15.3.17. Wardjet Inc.
    • 15.3.18. Opta Minerals Inc.
    • 15.3.19. V.V. Minerals

16. Research Methodology

17. Assumptions & Acronyms