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5G - 从微蜂巢到Attocell：射频、光纤无线行动回程 - 市场、技术、应用
市场调查报告书
商品编码
1539239

5G - 从微蜂巢到Attocell：射频、光纤无线行动回程 - 市场、技术、应用

5G - From Microcells to Attocells: RF and Optical Wireless Mobile Backhauls - Markets, Technologies and Applications
出版日期: | 出版商: PracTel, Inc. | 英文 159 Pages | 商品交期: 最快1-2个工作天内

价格

本报告包括小型基地台（SC）及其应用、产业、行销和技术发展。提供回程解决方案作为 SC 的组成部分。 详细分析了微波回程的细节并强调了其优点。还引进了一组相对较新的SC 回程技术，即 OWC（光无线通讯）。 特别是，Free Space Fiber（FSF）和VLC/LiFi-Visible Light Communication/Light Fidelity证实了极低的延迟和 "无限" 的频宽。 FSF/LiFi 混合解决方案也兴起，以增强 SC 回程。

光纤和微波是具有不同用例的互补技术。与光纤相比，微波回程可以实现更快、更具成本效益的部署，而光纤则提供更大的容量。越来越多的国家将 E 频段用于微波回程，是一个积极的进展。

微波是长距离传输的合适解决方案。在印度和埃及等国家，微波也是更好的选择，这些国家的监管问题使光纤部署变得复杂。

SC无线回程目前已成为主流，预计未来仍将维持此领先地位。

本报告研究和分析 5G 市场，并提供有关小型基地台（SC）及其应用、产业、行销和技术发展的资讯。

目录

第1章 简介

  • 摘要
  • 小蜂巢的现况与作用
  • 进一步緻密化：Hikari Atocel
  • SC回程
  • 范围
  • 报告结构
  • 调查方法
  • 目标受众

第2章 行动科技的世代

  • 4G 详细信息
    • 流量和 SC
    • 从 3G 到 4G - 体验
    • 4G 显着特点
  • 5G 详细信息
    • IMT 的演变
    • 5G 时间表（3GPP - ITU）和 SC
    • 5G - 成就
  • 高级 5G 和 6G 详细信息
    • 时间表
    • 5G Advanced
    • 5G 和 6G
  • 流程

第3章 小蜂巢开发

  • 理性
  • 术语
    • 组
  • 背景
    • 方法
  • 应用
    • 室内用例
    • 户外用例
    • 公共安全通信
    • 摘要
  • 优点和问题
    • 回程问题
    • 比较
  • 小蜂巢市场
    • 市场地理
    • 估计
  • 标准化
    • 组织
    • 第一标准
    • 标准介面 - 3GPP
    • 3GPP Rel.12 和 SC
  • 小蜂巢产业
    • AirHop Communications
    • Baicells
    • Broadcom (acquired by Avago in 2015)
    • Cisco
    • CommScope
    • Contela
    • Corning
    • Ericsson
    • Fujitsu
    • Juniper
    • Huawei
    • Intel
    • Gilat
    • Mavenir
    • NEC
    • Nokia
    • Qualcomm
    • Parallel Wireless
    • Radisys
    • Samsung
    • Sercomm
    • TI
    • Xilinx
    • ZTE

第4章 小基地台回程

  • 摘要
  • 分类
  • 详情
    • 课题
    • 差异
  • 参数
    • 因素
    • 计划
  • 需要标准化
  • 市场特征
    • 元件
    • TCO 因素
  • 小蜂窝回程业
    • Airvine Scientific
    • Actelis (wireline)
    • Airspan (integrated wireless backhaul - Wi-Fi 5 - NLOS)
    • Cambium (sub-6 GHz)
    • Cambridge Broadband (Microwave Backhaul)
    • Exalt (Microwave)
    • Fastback Networks (Wireless)
    • Intracom (Microwave)
    • Radwin (sub-6 GHz)
    • Ceragon (sub-6 GHz and other)
    • Siklu
    • TI (NLoS)
  • 摘要

第5章 光回程

  • 为什么选择光学类型？
  • 光保真度
    • 摘要
  • IEEE 802.15.7
    • 考虑因素
    • 项目
  • 差异 - LiFi 和 VLC
  • 5G视图
    • 阿塞尔
    • 蜂巢结构
    • 混合：类型

第6章 自由空间光纤

  • 摘要
    • 背景
  • 主要特点
  • 保护
  • 主要用例
    • 要求
    • 楼内通讯
    • 建筑物间的通信
    • 摘要
  • FSF 通讯的优点和限制：摘要
    • 天气因素
    • 建筑物晃动
    • 大气衰减
  • 设计问题
    • 方向
    • 主要用例
    • 增强功能
  • FSF市场
    • 摘要
    • 市场驱动因素与用例
    • 细分市场
    • 衝突
    • 预测
  • VLC 和 FSF
  • FSF行业
    • AIRLINX 通讯
    • BridgeComm
    • 无电缆
    • CBL
    • 共线
    • 大连旭工程公司
    • fSONA
    • 桂林
    • 普莱恩特里
    • SA Photonics（CASI 公司）
    • 泰萨特
    • 超天
    • 塔拉

第7章 OWC 的好处 - 摘要

第8章 结论

This report is about Small Cells (SCs), their applications, the industry and marketing and technological developments. As an integral part of SC, backhaul solutions are detailed. Specifics of microwave backhauls are analyzed and their advantages are emphasized. The report also introducing a relatively new group of technologies for SC backhauling: OWC - Optical Wireless Communications; and particular Free Space Fiber (FSF) and VLC/LiFi- Visible Light Communications/Light Fidelity, which guarantee extremely low latency and "unlimited" bandwidth. A hybrid solution - FSF/LiFi - is also coming to the picture to enhance SC backhauls.

In particular, the report analyzing dynamically evolving small cells technologies, concentrating on their advantages, varieties and specifics. Major applications are analyzed; and standardization developments are emphasized. Based on the in-depth industry analysis of multiple studies and interviews with vendors, market prognoses (2024-2028) are presented. The survey of more than thirty-five small cell equipment vendors and their portfolios is also provided. It is shown that 4G mobile technologies (concurrent with 5G) will concentrate on building HetNets in which small cells play an important role.

The report emphasizes that the small cells backhaul solution may prove or break the small cell business case. Specifics of small cells backhauls, their varieties and differences from macro cells backhauls are analyzed in details. The need for standardization is emphasized. The study of industry trends, interviews with vendors and the analysis of publicly available statistical data helped to perform the marketing analysis. The survey of vendors (about 30 manufacturers of small cells backhaul solutions) reflects this industry specifics and trends. There is a range of use cases for open access small cells, from targeted demand hotspots in city centers, through generalized capacity uplift, to serving not-spots in remote rural areas. In each case the emphasis on backhaul requirements shifts and aspects that are critical to one type of deployment can be relaxed in others. Solutions with different characteristics will address the needs of different types of small cells backhaul in different areas.

Fiber and microwave are complementary technologies with different use cases. Microwave backhaul allows for a faster and more cost-efficient rollout compared with fiber while fiber offers greater capacities. In a positive development, more countries have been making the E-band available for microwave backhaul.

Microwave is the preferred solution for long-distance transfers. It is also the better choice in countries where regulatory problems complicate fiber rollouts, such as India or Egypt.

Wireless backhauls for SCs are prevailing now and it is expected that they will keep this leadership position in future.

This report also provides details of optical wireless backhauls that bringing multiple enhancements. Two Optical Wireless Communications subclasses - Visible Light Communications/Light Fidelity (VLC/LiFi) and Free Space Fiber (FSF) are addressed. Attocell-based networks allow to build super-dense structures, which characteristics are superior to RF-based networks in many aspects.

This report provides SCs and their backhaul solutions technological and marketing analysis. It can be useful for service providers, vendors, network operators and managers, Enterprise IT staff, investors and end users seeking to gain a deeper understanding of the SC developmental trends in the mobile industry.

The end users will gain a more thorough understanding of technologies and their capabilities as well as economics.

Table of Contents

1.0. Introduction

  • 1.1. General
  • 1.2. Current Situation and Role of Small Cells
  • 1.3. Further Densification: Optical Attocells
  • 1.4. SC Backhaul
  • 1.5. Scope
  • 1.6. Report Structure
  • 1.7. Research Methodology
  • 1.8. Target Audience

2.0. Mobile Technologies Generations

  • 2.1 4G Specifics
    • 2.1.1. Traffic Volume and SC
    • 2.1.2. From 3G to 4G - Experience
    • 2.1.3. 4G Distinct Features
  • 2.2 5G Specifics
    • 2.2.1. IMT Evolution
    • 2.2.2. 5G Timetable (3GPP-ITU) and SCs
    • 2.2.3. 5G - Achievements
  • 2.3. Advanced 5G and 6G Specifics
    • 2.3.1. Timetable
    • 2.3.2. 5G Advanced
    • 2.3.3. 5G and 6G
  • 2.4. Process

3.0. Small Cells Development

  • 3.1. Rational
  • 3.2. Nomenclature
    • 3.2.1. Group
  • 3.3. Background
    • 3.3.1. Methods
  • 3.4. Applications
    • 3.4.1. Indoor Use Cases
    • 3.4.2. Outdoor Use Cases
    • 3.4.3. Public Safety Communications
    • 3.4.4. Summary
  • 3.5. Benefits and Issues
    • 3.5.1. Backhaul Challenge
    • 3.5.2. Comparison
  • 3.6. Small Cell Market
    • 3.6.1. Market Geography
    • 3.6.2. Estimate
  • 3.7. Standardization
    • 3.7.1. Organizations
    • 3.7.2. First Standard
    • 3.7.3. Standard Interfaces - 3GPP
    • 3.7.4. 3GPP Rel.12 and SCs
  • 3.8. Small Cell Industry
    • Airspan
    • AirHop Communications
    • Baicells
    • Broadcom (acquired by Avago in 2015)
    • Cisco
    • CommScope
    • Contela
    • Corning
    • Ericsson
    • Fujitsu
    • Juniper
    • Huawei
    • Intel
    • Gilat
    • Mavenir
    • NEC
    • Nokia
    • Qualcomm
    • Parallel Wireless
    • Radisys
    • Samsung
    • Sercomm
    • TI
    • Xilinx
    • ZTE

4.0. Small Cell Backhaul

  • 4.1. General
  • 4.2. Classification
  • 4.3. Specifics
    • 4.3.1. Challenge
    • 4.3.2. Differences
  • 4.4. Parameters
    • 4.4.1. Factors
    • 4.4.2. Planning
  • 4.5. Need for Standardization
  • 4.6. Market Characteristics
    • 4.6.1. Components
    • 4.6.2. TCO Factor
  • 4.7. Small Cell Backhaul Industry
    • Airvine Scientific
    • Actelis (wireline)
    • Airspan (integrated wireless backhaul - Wi-Fi 5 - NLOS)
    • Cambium (sub-6 GHz)
    • Cambridge Broadband (Microwave Backhaul)
    • Exalt (Microwave)
    • Fastback Networks (Wireless)
    • Intracom (Microwave)
    • Radwin (sub-6 GHz)
    • Ceragon (sub-6 GHz and other)
    • Siklu
    • TI (NLoS)
  • 4.8. Summary

5.0. Optical Backhaul

  • 5.1. Why Optical
  • 5.2. Light Fidelity
    • 5.2.1. General
  • 5.3. IEEE 802.15.7
    • 5.3.1. Considerations
    • 5.3.2. Project
  • 5.4. Differences - LiFi and VLC
  • 5.5. 5G View
    • 5.5.1. Attocell
    • 5.5.2. Cell Structures
    • 5.5.3. Hybrid: Varieties

6.0. Free Space Fiber

  • 6.1. General
    • 6.1.1. Background
  • 6.2. Major Characteristics
  • 6.3. Protection
  • 6.4. Major Use Cases
    • 6.4.1. Requirements
    • 6.4.2. Intra-building Communications
    • 6.4.3. Inter-building Communications
    • 6.4.4. Summary
  • 6.5. FSF Communications Benefits and Limitations: Summary
    • 6.5.1. Weather Factor
    • 6.5.2. Building Swaying
    • 6.5.3. Atmospheric Attenuation
  • 6.6. Design Issues
    • 6.6.1. Directions
    • 6.6.2. Major Use Cases
    • 6.6.3. Enhancements
  • 6.7. FSF Market
    • 6.7.1. General
    • 6.7.2. Market Drivers and Use Cases
    • 6.7.3. Market Segments
    • 6.7.4. Competition
    • 6.7.5. Forecast
  • 6.8. VLC and FSF
  • 6.9. FSF Industry
    • AIRLINX Communications
    • BridgeComm
    • CableFree
    • CBL
    • Collinear
    • Dailianxu Engineering Company
    • fSONA
    • Guilin
    • Plaintree
    • SA Photonics (a CASI Company)
    • Tesat
    • Transcelestial
    • Taara

7.0. Advantages of OWC - Summary

8.0. Conclusions

List of Figures

  • Figure 1: Mobile Data Traffic Growth - Global (Petabytes/Month)
  • Figure 2: Current Developments
  • Figure 3: ITU-R Schedule for IMT-2020 Development
  • Figure 4: 3GPP - Tentative Timeline - 5G Standardization - 3GPP Releases
  • Figure 5: Evolution
  • Figure 6: Small Cell Evolution
  • Figure 7: mmWave Advantages
  • Figure 8: Macro vs Small BSs - Shipped (Ratio)
  • Figure 9: Capacity vs Coverage
  • Figure 10: Estimate: SCs Installed Global Market Size (Mil. Units)
  • Figure 11: Estimate: SC Installed Global Market Size ($B)
  • Figure 12: SCs and 3GPP Releases
  • Figure 13: 3GPP Rel. 12 SC Enhancements
  • Figure 14: Scenario 1
  • Figure 15: Scenario 2
  • Figure 16: SC Backhaul Illustration
  • Figure 17: Technologies - SC Backhaul
  • Figure 18: Technological Changes
  • Figure 19: Summary: Specifics of Backhauls - SCs vs Macrocells
  • Figure 20: Estimate: SC Backhaul - Global Market Size ($B)
  • Figure 21: Estimate: Global Market - SC Microwave Backhaul ($B)
  • Figure 22: PMP and PTP Architectures
  • Figure 23: Electromagnetic Spectrum
  • Figure 24: PHY Types
  • Figure 25: Topologies
  • Figure 26: Hybrid VLC/RF System
  • Figure 27: Hybrid Structures
  • Figure 28: Simplified FSF Channel Diagram
  • Figure 29: FSF Market Segments
  • Figure 30: Estimate: FSF Global Market Value ($B)
  • Figure 31: FSF Market Geography

List of Tables

  • Table 1: Details - 3GPP Releases Schedule (as of 2024)
  • Table 2: Major Characteristics of 5G Network (preliminary)
  • Table 3: Small Cell BS - Characteristics and Classification
  • Table 4: SC Parameters
  • Table 5: SC Use Cases Examples
  • Table 6: SC Backhaul Types
  • Table 7: (a) Non-ideal; and (b) Ideal SC Backhaul Characteristics
  • Table 8: Summary: SC Backhauling Choices - Benefits and Limitations
  • Table 9: VLC Use Cases
  • Table 10: Devices and Characteristics
  • Table 11: Comparison: Position Use Cases
  • Table 12: Frequency Plan
  • Table 13: Atmospheric Attenuation
  • Table 14: VLC vs FSF