市场调查报告书
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1121183
全球和中国 WEEE(废电器电子)回收市场预测(2022-2028 年)Global and China WEEE (Waste Electrical and Electronic Equipment) Recycling Market Report Forecast 2022-2028 |
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每年,全球产生超过 5000 万吨的电子垃圾。
其中一些最终进入垃圾填埋场,随着时间的流逝,它会浸出有害化学物质。电子废物也流入发展中国家,在那里非正式的电子废物处置会导致严重的健康和污染问题。
2019年全球WEEE 5360万吨,收集回收仅930万吨,回收率17.4%,2021年全球WEEE 5740万吨,收集回收仅930万吨,回收率1117万吨,或20.13%,人均产生7.5公斤废电子产品。
美国没有国家电子废物管理立法,但有 25 个州和哥伦比亚特区颁布了某种形式的立法。各州法律在范围、影响以及是否禁止消费者在垃圾填埋场处理电子产品方面各不相同。这些法律共同覆盖了 75-80% 的美国人口。但是,许多司法管辖区,包括法律涵盖的州,由于覆盖范围不同,没有方便的收集方法。除加利福尼亚州和犹他州外,所有已立法的州都采用了生产者责任延伸 (EPR)。加拿大没有有效管理电子废物的国家立法,因为没有联邦机构拥有此权力。然而,除了加拿大人口最少的省份努纳武特之外,12 个省和地区已经制定了使用行业控制计划的法规。平均而言,产品范围比美国要广泛得多。在加拿大的许多省份,EPR 合规性是通过参与经批准的电子废物合规计划来实现的。拉丁美洲的监管一直很缓慢,只有少数几个国家能够制定电子废物法。在过去的五到十年里,拉丁美洲在实施特定的电子废物法规方面取得了相当大的进展,但这种进展仅限于一些国家,而对于其他国家来说,前进的道路仍然很长。墨西哥、哥斯达黎加、哥伦比亚和秘鲁很可能成为该地区绿色电子废物管理的主要参与者,并致力于在 2020 年前改进现有系统。只有巴西和智利正在为开始实施正式的电子废物奠定基础监管框架。巴西最近发布了“实施从家庭看到的 WEEE 逆向物流系统的部门协议”,并正在征求公众意见。该协议预计将于2020年正式签署。继 2016 年颁布《废物管理、生产者责任延伸和回收促进框架法》后,智利目前正在製定具体的电子废物法规,包括收集和回收目标,以及正式的收集我们计划制定係统政策实施指南。关于计算机、打印机和外围设备废物的第 1512 号法令执行七年后,哥伦比亚制定了新条例,将电子废物分类扩展到所有电子废物类别 但是,我们正在调整我们的系统,考虑到根据第 1672 号 WEEE 法案和 WEEE 国家电子废物综合管理政策制定的经验教训和指南。回顾自实施第一个电子废物管理系统以来的五年,秘鲁正在非常仔细地评估这一经验,以便填补空白并与该国的城市固体废物管理战略保持一致。即将发布的修订法规将强制收集小型和大型电器,特别是冷却装置,并扩大电子垃圾分类范围。
据目前统计,中国是全球最大的电子垃圾生产国,2019年产生了1010吨电子垃圾。中国在全球电子电气设备行业中发挥重要作用的主要原因有两个。中国作为世界上人口最多的国家,国内对电子电气设备的需求量非常大,电子电气设备製造业实力雄厚。此外,中国在电子垃圾的翻新、再利用和回收方面发挥着重要作用。在电子垃圾法规和设施扩建的推动下,正规的电子垃圾回收行业在容量和质量方面取得了长足的进步,每年拆除超过 7000 万件电子垃圾(生态环境部,2019 年)。根据中国政府的数据,实际收集和回收率为40%,但这个数字仅针对5种EEE产品,而不是《国际电子废物分类》(附件1)中列出的54种EEE产品。应注意。(联合国大学)。考虑到所有 54 种产品,收集和回收率下降到 15%。由于中国新的环境法规定更加严格,非正规部门急剧减少。由于禁止固体废物进口的政策,非法进口电子废物正在迅速消失。但资金缺口正在扩大。税收和补贴对电子垃圾融资政策提出了独特的挑战(Zeng 等,2017)。中国政府制定了一个目标,即到 2025 年,新电子产品原材料的 20% 来自可回收材料,50% 的电子垃圾回收利用(世界经济论坛 2018)。2018年台湾电子垃圾收集回收率达到法定产品的64%(37个),这一重大成果集中在将EPR概念应用于回收系统,基于4in1回收系统。在回收基金管理委员会(RFMB)的监督下,该系统得到了很大的改进。台湾约有20家电子废物回收设施,产能超过目前国内电子废物产生量,台湾电子废物回收业务面临困境。
此外,南非、摩洛哥、埃及、纳米比亚和卢旺达等一些非洲国家拥有电子垃圾回收设施,但这些设施与大型非正规产业并存。因此,其中一些回收商正在试行新举措并动员努力推进和增加其吞吐量。另一方面,尼日利亚、肯尼亚和加纳等大国仍然严重依赖非正规回收。根据在尼日利亚进行的一项研究,2015 年和 2016 年,每年约有 60,000-71,000 吨废电子电气设备通过拉各斯的两个主要港口进口到尼日利亚。研究发现,大部分进口的废旧电子产品来自德国、英国、比利时和美国等发达国家。我们还发现,在执行基本功能测试时,平均至少有 19% 的设备失败。
本报告重点关注全球和中国 WEEE(废弃电气和电子)回收市场,还涵盖了世界其他地区的区域和县级细分数据。
全球 WEEE(废弃电气和电子)回收市场规模预计将在 2028 年达到 65.3459 亿美元,在审查期间以 8.79% 的复合年增长率增长,而 2022 年为 39.4079 亿美元。2021年占全球WEEE(电器电子垃圾)回收市场35%的小型电器电子设备(如小家电、家用电器、手电筒、小风扇等),2028年将达到24.5897亿美元,与 COVID 预计在 19 年后的复合年增长率为 9.89%。金属冶炼是领先的细分市场,在 2021 年占据超过 81.74% 的市场份额,在整个预测期内以 9.03% 的复合年增长率变化。
预计中国 WEEE(废弃电气电子)回收市场规模将从 2021 年的 15.4198 亿美元增长到 2028 年的 27.3962 亿美元,预测期内復合年增长率为 8.72%。
WEEE(电气和电子废物)回收市场按地区和国家层面、参与者、类型和应用进行细分。全球 WEEE(电气和电子废物)回收市场的参与者、利益相关者和其他参与者将能够通过将此报告用作强大的资源来获得优势。细分分析侧重于 2017 年至 2028 年按类型和应用划分的收入和预测。
对于中国市场,2017-2028 WEEE(废弃电气和电子)回收市场规模按参与者、类型和应用汇总。领先企业包括在中国发挥重要作用的全球企业和本土企业。
More than 50 million tons of e-waste are generated globally every year. Some of it ends up in landfills, where toxic chemicals can leach out over time. E-waste can also flow to developing countries, where informal e-waste disposal can cause serious health and pollution problems.
In 2019, global WEEE was 53.6 million tons, with only 9.3 million tons of recorded collection and recycling, a recovery rate of 17.4%, compared with 57.4 million tons of global WEEE in 2021, with only 9.3 million tons of recorded collection and recycling 11.17 million tons, the recycling rate is 20.13%, and 7.5 kg of waste electronic products are produced per capita.
The United States has no national legislation on e-waste management, but 25 states and the District of Columbia have enacted some form of legislation. State laws vary in scope and impact, as well as in whether to prohibit consumers from disposing of electronic products in landfills. Collectively, these laws cover 75-80% of the U.S. population. However, many areas of the country, including the states covered by law, do not have convenient collection methods due to varying scope. Except for California and Utah, all states that have implemented laws use Extended Producer Responsibility (EPR). Canada does not have national legislation to effectively manage e-waste because federal agencies do not have this authority. However, 12 provinces and territories have developed regulations using industry management plans, with the exception of Nunavut, Canada's least populous territory. On average, the product range is much wider than in the United States; in many Canadian provinces, compliance with the EPR can be achieved by joining an approved e-waste compliance program. Regulation in Latin America has moved slowly, with only a few countries managing to establish e-waste laws. Although Latin America has made considerable progress in implementing specific e-waste regulations over the past 5-10 years, this progress has been limited to a few countries, while for others the road ahead remains very long. With the exception of Mexico, Costa Rica, Colombia and Peru, which are likely to be the leading players in the region's environmentally sound e-waste management and are committed to improving the systems already in place in 2020, only Brazil and Chile are building the foundations from which to begin implementing formal E-waste regulatory framework. Brazil recently published the "Sectoral Agreement for the Implementation of the WEEE Reverse Logistics System from a Household Perspective" for public comment. The agreement is expected to be formally signed in 2020. Following the enactment of the Waste Management, Extended Producer Responsibility and Promotion of Recycling Framework Law in 2016, Chile is currently developing specific e-waste regulations, which will include collection and recycling targets and develop guidance for the implementation of a formal collection system policy. Seven years after implementing Decree No. 1512 on waste from computers, printers and peripherals, Colombia is developing a new ordinance to expand e-waste classification to all e-waste categories and for integrated e-waste management The system is adjusted, taking into account lessons learned and guidelines established in accordance with WEEE Law No. 1672 and the WEEE National Management Policy. Looking back on the five years since the implementation of the first e-waste management system, Peru has been evaluating this experience very carefully so that it can fill the gaps and align with the country's general waste management strategy. The revised regulations are expected to be published soon and will expand the scope of e-waste categories with mandatory collection of small and large household appliances, especially cooling equipment.
Current statistics show that China is the largest e-waste producer in the world, generating 1,010 tons of e-waste in 2019. China plays a key role in the global EEE industry for two main reasons: China is the most populous country in the world, so domestic demand for EEE is very high, and it has a strong EEE manufacturing industry. In addition, China plays an important role in the refurbishment, reuse and recycling of e-waste. Driven by e-waste regulation and facility expansion, the formal e-waste recycling industry has made great strides in processing capacity and quality; more than 70 million e-waste units are dismantled each year (Ministry of Ecology and Environment, 2019 year). According to the Chinese government, the actual collection and recycling rate is 40%, but it is important to note that this figure is only for 5 EEE products, not the 54 EEE products listed in the International Classification of Electronic Waste (Annex 1). (United Nations University - Keys). If all 54 products are taken into account, the collection and recycling rate drops to 15%. The informal sector has been in sharp decline due to tighter controls imposed by China's new environmental law. Illegal imports of e-waste are disappearing more rapidly due to the policy of banning the import of solid waste. However, the funding gap is growing. Taxation and subsidies present unique challenges to e-waste funding policies (Zeng et al., 2017). The Chinese government has set a target that, by 2025, 20% of the raw materials for new electronic products will be sourced from recycled materials and 50% of electronic waste will be recycled (World Economic Forum 2018). In 2018, the collection and recycling rate of e-waste in Taiwan Province of China reached 64% of products covered by legislation (37); this significant achievement is based on a 4-in-1 recycling system that focuses on applying the EPR concept to recycling systems. Under the supervision of the Recycling Fund Management Board (RFMB), the mechanism has been greatly improved. There are about 20 e-waste recycling facilities in Taiwan Province of China, and their production capacity is higher than the current domestic e-waste generation, so the e-waste recycling business in Taiwan Province of China is facing challenges.
And few countries in Africa, such as South Africa, Morocco, Egypt, Namibia and Rwanda, have some e-waste recycling facilities, but these facilities coexist with large informal industries. As a result, some of these recycling companies have been working hard to advance and increase their processing volumes, mobilizing new pilots and efforts through new initiatives. On the other hand, sizable countries such as Nigeria, Kenya and Ghana still rely heavily on informal recycling. A study conducted in Nigeria showed that in 2015 and 2016, around 60,000-71,000 tonnes of used EEE were imported into Nigeria through the two main ports of Lagos each year. The survey found that most of the imported waste electronic waste comes from developed countries, such as Germany, the United Kingdom, Belgium, and the United States. In addition, a basic functional test showed that, on average, at least 19% of the devices did not work properly.
This report focuses on global and China WEEE (Waste Electrical and Electronic Equipment) Recycling market, also covers the segmentation data of other regions in regional level and county level.
Due to the COVID-19 pandemic, the global WEEE (Waste Electrical and Electronic Equipment) Recycling market size is estimated to be worth US$ 3,940.79 million in 2022 and is forecast to a readjusted size of US$ 6,534.59 million by 2028 with a CAGR of 8.79% during the review period. Fully considering the economic change by this health crisis, Small Electrical and Electronic Devices (Small Household Appliances, Consumer Electronics, Flashlights, Small Fans, etc.) accounting for 35% of the WEEE (Waste Electrical and Electronic Equipment) Recycling global market in 2021, is projected to value US$ 2,458.97 million by 2028, growing at a revised 9.89% CAGR in the post-COVID-19 period. While Metal Smelting was the leading segment, accounting for over 81.74 percent market share in 2021, and altered to an 9.03 % CAGR throughout this forecast period.
In China the WEEE (Waste Electrical and Electronic Equipment) Recycling market size is expected to grow from US$ 1,541.98 million in 2021 to US$ 2,739.62 million by 2028, at a CAGR of 8.72% during the forecast period.
WEEE (Waste Electrical and Electronic Equipment) Recycling market is segmented in regional and country level, by players, by Type, and by Application. Players, stakeholders, and other participants in the global WEEE (Waste Electrical and Electronic Equipment) Recycling market will be able to gain the upper hand as they use the report as a powerful resource. The segmental analysis focuses on revenue and forecast by Type and by Application for the period 2017-2028.
For China market, this report focuses on the WEEE (Waste Electrical and Electronic Equipment) Recycling market size by players, by Type, and by Application, for the period 2017-2028. The key players include the global and local players which play important roles in China.