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市场调查报告书
商品编码
1704030
汽车数位钥匙(UWB、NearLink、BLE 6.0)产业趋势(2025年)Automotive Digital Key (UWB, NearLink, and BLE 6.0) Industry Trend Report, 2025 |
2024年,中国乘用车数位钥匙市场规模将创历史新高,安装量年增58.7%,市场规模突破30亿元,安装率跃升至47.5%,较去年同期成长15个百分点。预计2030年中国乘用车数位钥匙安装率将达80.8%。
从公司类型来看,新兴品牌遥遥领先。2024年新兴品牌数位钥匙安装率将达89.0%,较2023年提升8.1个百分点。在受访的新兴品牌中,60% 已为其所有车辆配备数位钥匙。
新兴品牌的数位钥匙系统供应商包括YF Tech、Pektron、Gosuncn、UAES、Kostal等。前五大企业占66.7%的市占率。
凭藉Harmony Intelligent Mobility Alliance(HIMA)(AITO、LUXEED、Maextro、STELATO)及其他新兴大众品牌的支持,YF Tech在2024年的市占率将达到27.5%,位居第一。
得益于Tesla,排名第二的 Pektron 占据了 17.2% 的市场占有率。
在Geely Galaxy的带领下,Gosuncn以8.9%的市占率位居第三。
UAES以ZEEKR、Xiaomi等品牌为首,占7.7%的市占率。
一些 NIO 车型帮助Kostal占据了 5.4% 的市场占有率。
从技术角度来看,数位钥匙主要经历了四代:
第一代数位钥匙基于NFC技术,实现车辆进入和启动功能。
第二代数位钥匙采用BLE技术,通讯距离比第一代更长。同时,蓝牙讯号的强度有助于确定钥匙相对于车辆的大致位置。
第三代数位钥匙融合了UWB、BLE和NFC技术。UWB技术大幅提升了第三代数位钥匙的位置辨识精准度。
第四代数位钥匙以NearLink为代表,其位置辨识精准度为蓝牙的5倍,锁定精准度是蓝牙的6倍(基于实验室测试数据)。同时,NearLink被Huawei垄断,更容易基于HarmonyOS实现生态协同。
根据OEM和供应商的计划,未来几年数位钥匙将有三大支柱:BLE、UWB和NearLink。
具体而言,从效能提升与成本降低两方面考虑,BLE+NFC融合方案具有较高的性价比,可望成为市场主流。
BLE解决方案的渗透率预计将保持在20%左右,并主要应用于经济型车型。经过未来的升级,BLE 6.0可望扩大BLE解决方案的应用週期。
由于通讯范围较短、应用场景有限,独立NFC解决方案的改善空间有限。
UWB方案凭藉其性能优势,高精度定位和雷达,将未来数位钥匙和其他功能整合在一起,例如监控和踢雷达等多路復用功能,从而优化整体成本。但UWB面临系统成本高、与手机相容性有限等瓶颈。
NearLink 解决方案预计将于 2025 年投入生产,并在 2025 年至 2030 年间逐渐在车辆中广泛采用。
本报告对中国数位汽车钥匙产业进行了调查分析,提供了通讯技术及标准规范、产业链及竞争状况、OEM应用及规划、晶片供应商及系统整合商等资讯。
Digital key research: which will dominate digital keys, growing UWB, emerging NearLink or promising Bluetooth 6.0?
ResearchInChina has analyzed and predicted the digital key market, communication technology and standard specifications, industry chain and competition landscape, OEM applications and planning, chip vendors and system integrators.
In 2024, China's passenger car digital key market hit a new high, with the installations growing by 58.7% year-on-year, the market size exceeding RMB3 billion and the installation rate jumping by 15 percentage points year-on-year to 47.5%. Therefore, we raised market expectations in the Automotive Digital Key Industry Trend Report 2025. It is expected that the installation rate of digital keys for Chinese passenger cars will reach 80.8% by 2030.
In terms of enterprise type, emerging brands are far ahead. In 2024, the digital key installation rate of emerging brands reached 89.0%, an increase of 8.1 percentage points from 2023. Among the emerging brands surveyed, 60% installed digital keys in 100% of their vehicles.
For emerging brands, digital key system suppliers include YF Tech, Pektron, Gosuncn, UAES, Kostal, etc. The top five suppliers account for 66.7% of the market share together.
With the support of Harmony Intelligent Mobility Alliance (HIMA) (AITO, LUXEED, Maextro and STELATO) and other emerging popular brands, YF Tech boasted a market share of 27.5% in 2024, ranking first.
Thanks to Tesla, the second-ranked Pektron gained a market share of 17.2%.
Driven by Geely Galaxy, Gosuncn achieved a market share of 8.9%, ranking third.
UAES, prompted by brands such as ZEEKR and Xiaomi, secured a 7.7% share;
Due to some NIO models, Kostal achieved a 5.4% share.
From a technical perspective, digital keys mainly undergo four generations:
Based on NFC technology, the first-generation digital keys realized the function of vehicle entry and start.
The second generation digital key uses BLE technology, which has a longer communication distance than the first generation. At the same time, they can roughly perceive the positional relationship between vehicles and keys through the Bluetooth signal strength.
The third-generation digital keys combine UWB, BLE, and NFC technologies. UWB technology has made a qualitative leap in the position perception accuracy of the third-generation digital keys.
The fourth-generation digital keys are represented by NearLink, which has a positioning accuracy 5 times higher than Bluetooth and a locking accuracy 6 times higher (as per laboratory test data). At the same time, NearLink is dominated by Huawei, making it easier to achieve ecological synergy based on HarmonyOS.
From the perspective of the plans of OEMs and suppliers, digital keys will have three pillars - BLE, UWB, and NearLink in the next few years. Specifically:
Given the performance improvement and cost reduction, the fusion solution of BLE+NFC has outstanding cost-effectiveness and will become the mainstream of the market;
The penetration rate of the BLE solution will remain at around 20%, mainly available in economical models. After the upgrade in the future, BLE 6.0 is expected to extend the application cycle of the BLE solution;
Due to the short communication distance and limited application scenarios, the standalone NFC solution will have limited room for improvement;
With its performance advantages, high-precision positioning and radar, the UWB solution will integrate future digital keys with other functions, such as multiplexing functions like monitoring and kick radar to make the overall cost optimal. However, UWB still has bottlenecks like high system cost and limited mobile phone support.
The NearLink solution will be put into mass production in 2025, and will gradually land on vehicles on a large scale in 2025-2030.
In 2024, UWB keys for passenger cars entered mass production in China, with the installations increasing by 354.6% year-on-year. NIO, Zeekr, Harmony Intelligent Mobility Alliance (HIMA) , Mercedes-Benz, BMW, etc. are the main UWB carriers, and the top 5 of them accounted for 77.1% of the installations. In the next three years, more OEMs, such as domestic brands (SAIC Passenger Vehicle, SAIC GM, etc.) and joint venture brands (like Audi and Toyota), will carry UWB to upgrade the digital key system. It is expected that the application of UWB in vehicles will continue to grow in the next few years.
In the process of UWB installation, sensor multiplexing has become a highlight. Based on unique characteristics, UWB brings more possibilities for the functional integration of digital keys. On the one hand, UWB can locate occupants and cars with high precision, thereby providing intelligent and personalized services, such as intelligent adjustment of audio and lighting according to the position of the occupants, automated parking according to the position of the cars, and active location-based recommendations.
On the other hand, UWB can act as radar used for in-cabin liveness detection, kicking open the trunk and other functions. The C-NCAP Management Regulations 2024 includes the Child Presence Detection (CPD) as a bonus item, which will become an important functional extension of UWB.
Among foreign suppliers, Continental, Valeo, Hella, etc. have launched system solutions integrating UWB keys and in-cabin monitoring. For example, Hella added the Smart Presence Detection function to the Smart Car Access solution. Continental has embedded CPD into the already existing CoSmA UWB Digital Access Solution, which enables drivers to use their smartphone as a car key for hands-free access. Even the tiniest motion like the movement of a child's chest while breathing can be detected by the sensors. Based on unique respiration rates and micro-body-movements, the CPD with UWB system can classify passengers as infants, children or adults. If children are left behind in the car, the CPD system can send an audible, visual or haptic alert to the driver after ten seconds at the latest.
Among domestic suppliers, YF Tech, TsingCar , UbiTraq and so on have similar solutions. For example, YF Tech's UWB keys already allow functions such as kick sensing for opening trunks and liveness monitoring, and have been mass-produced for Hyper, AITO M9, etc.
The liveness detection function developed by YF Tech for the 2025 AITO M9 reuses the anchor points in the car to offer a liveness detection solution with better performance, safety and reliability. Whether it is the front passenger seat, the back seat or the rear trunk, the system can detect liveness.
At the same time, YF Tech's liveness detection system can provide a series of functional services including early warning, alarm, intervention and care, improving intelligence and humanity.
Early warning: When locking, the system reminds the car owner to pay attention to children left behind through sound and light;
Alarm: Via the mobile phone, it reminds the car owner that there is a child left behind and s/he should return as soon as possible;
Intervention: If the car owner fails to acknowledge the alarm for a long time, the air conditioner will be turned on or the windows will be lowered automatically;
Attention: It can automatically activate lighting, audio, video, entertainment, etc. to care for the child left behind..
The multiplexing of digital key modules can bring more functions while reducing system costs and power consumption. For example, in the sentinel monitoring solution of YF Tech, the UWB node performs pre-monitoring, and the camera can be turned off until an object is found approaching, thereby reducing the overall power consumption. Assuming that the sentinel mode is activated for 10 hours per night and the alarm is triggered during 5% of the time, 2kWh of power can be saved approximately per night.
With its unique technical route, the NearLink digital car key can achieve more accurate positioning, more stable unlocking, stronger anti-interference capability and concurrency of more devices, avoiding the embarrassing scenario of "standing by the locked doors" or the "ping-pong problem" (doors repeatedly unlocked and locked) caused by traditional digital key solutions, and greatly improving the convenience, safety and reliability of user experience from getting on the car to controlling the car.
YF Tech is currently the first supplier that has achieved mass production of NearLink digital keys. In November 2024, YF Tech and Shanghai HiSilicon developed the world's first digital car key solution with the NearLink standard. This solution uses one master module inside the vehicle and four slave modules outside the vehicle to realize functions such as active welcome, locking/unlocking without feeling, key sharing, RPA, keyless start, multi-user connection, and OTA updates. In March 2025, the first batch of NearLink digital keys were mass-produced and installed on vehicles.
In the NearLink digital key solution, YF Tech has further improved the security, compatibility, positioning accuracy, multi-scenario intelligent interaction and anti-interference of digital car keys by deploying a high-difficulty architecture that is compatible with both NearLink (SLE) and Bluetooth (BLE) communication protocols on the same chip. So far, YF Tech has been designated by 5 OEMs. In the first three quarters of 2025, 7 models equipped with YF Tech's NearLink digital car key technology will be launched. Overall, NearLink keys are rising and will be installed on a large scale in the next 5 years.
In September 2024, the Bluetooth Technology Alliance released Bluetooth 6.0 whose biggest highlight lies in a new Bluetooth high-precision positioning technology: Channel Sounding (CS for short). Bluetooth CS combines two different distance measurement methods: Phase-Based Ranging (PBR) + Round-Trip Time (RTT). It is positioned as a safer and more accurate positioning technology than Bluetooth RSSI.
From the test results, Bluetooth CS can cover 100 meters, with the accuracy error within +-50 cm; when the distance is less than 5 meters, the accuracy error can even be theoretically close to 10 cm. With this "centimeter-level" perception capability, Bluetooth CS is expected to be first applied to digital keys, enhancing its "competitiveness" in the digital key system.
Bluetooth 6.0 is expected to be implemented in 2026-2027, and its application in digital keys is promising.