市场调查报告书
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全球绿色氢市场:到 2028 年的预测——按可再生能源(风能、太阳能、其他可再生能源)、应用(运输、发电、其他应用)、最终用户、地区分类Green Hydrogen Market Forecasts to 2028 - Global Analysis By Renewable Source (Wind Energy, Solar Energy and Other Renewable Sources), Application (Transport, Power generation and Other Applications), End User and By Geography |
根据 Stratistics MRC 的数据,全球绿色氢市场预计到 2022 年将达到 45 亿美元,到 2028 年将达到 363 亿美元,预测期内的复合年增长率为 41.6%。
绿色氢是通过电解水生产的,利用风能和太阳能等可再生能源产生的电力。 政府出台促进氢经济的有利政策,以及对化石燃料使用增加二氧化碳排放量的日益增长的环境担忧,预计将推动对氢经济的需求。
根据美国能源部的数据,传统燃烧发电厂的效率为 33-35%,但氢动力燃料电池系统的发电效率高达 60%。 根据国际能源署 (IEA) 的数据,约有 26,000 辆乘用车、6,000 辆公共汽车、3,000 辆中型卡车、49 辆轻型商用车和 14 辆重型卡车使用氢燃料电池。
使用氢燃料电池不会产生温室气体或其他污染物。 已发现氢燃料电池比传统的基于燃烧的发电厂更有效。 人们越来越接受使用氢作为能源,这推动了市场的增长。
氢气是一种高度易燃易挥发的物质,需要采取广泛的安全措施来防止洩漏和爆炸。 一般来说,氢的生产,尤其是绿色氢的生产,比其他燃料需要更多的能源。 安全问题和高能耗是製约市场增长的因素。
人们越来越意识到利用氢作为能源载体,预计将推动市场增长。 因为它是一种可持续的能源。 此外,日益严重的环境问题强调了可再生能源发电减少排放的必要性,推动了市场扩张。
与製造、转换、存储和运输相关的高成本正在阻碍增长。 建设氢基础设施的高初始投资要求和高维护成本是限制绿色氢市场增长的主要因素。
绿色氢产业并未受到 COVID-19 中断的影响。 然而,与冠状病毒相关的封锁给行业参与者带来了许多问题,包括供应链中断、运输最终产品的后勤困难以及从检疫站僱用员工。 大流行还推动了可再生能源市场,并继续增加能源需求。 随着许多国家放宽停工规定,绿色氢市场正在迅速恢復正常,预计将进一步增长。
碱性电解槽是一个利润丰厚的增长领域,因为它们是项目中使用的传统电解槽技术。 碱性电解槽使用氢氧化钾或氢氧化钠的碱性溶液作为电解质,并提供较长的正常运行时间。 廉价的可用性也有望促进该行业的扩张。
由于能源效率高,预计交通运输部门在预测期内将以最快的复合年增长率增长。 在交通领域,氢气可用于燃料电池和内燃机。 氢燃料电池的效率是汽油内燃机的两到三倍,这是增长的关键驱动力。
在预测期内,亚太地区预计将占据最大的市场份额。 这是由于这项技术的可行性越来越高。 在许多製造业集中的钢铁和汽车行业,对氢气的需求正在迅速增长。 因此,它是支持该地区扩张的一个因素。
由于对可再生能源的需求不断增长,预计欧洲在预测期内的复合年增长率最高。 先进电解技术的出现、所有主要工业部门对清洁能源的需求不断增加,以及碳排放造成的日益严峻的环境挑战,预计将推动该地区的增长。
绿色氢能市场的主要参与者有: Toshiba Energy Systems & Solutions Corporation、Siemens Energy Corporation、Air Products & Chemicals Corporation、Linde PLC、Reliance Industries Limited、Uniper SE、Ballard Power Systems、Hydrogenics、Nel ASA、Royal Dutch Shell plc、Bloom Energy、Cummins Inc ., Engie, Nikola Motors, SGH2 Energy Global LLC, ITM Power PLC, Air Liquide, SRI Energy, Inc, Green Hydrogen Systems 和 Messer Group GMBH。
2022 年 6 月,液化空气集团 (Air Liquide) 与西门子能源 (Siemens Energy) 宣布成立合资企业,专门致力于在欧洲生产可持续的氢电解槽。 西门子将拥有合资企业 74.9% 的股份,液化空气集团将拥有 25.1% 的股份。
2022 年 5 月,Air Products & Chemicals 宣布将与 Schenck Tank Transport 和 Road Transport 项目合作,在鹿特丹建造氢燃料汽车和公共加氢站。
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According to Stratistics MRC, the Global Green Hydrogen Market is accounted for $4.5 billion in 2022 and is expected to reach $36.3 billion by 2028 growing at a CAGR of 41.6% during the forecast period. Green hydrogen is produced by the electrolysis of water for which electric power is utilized which is generated by renewable energy sources such as wind energy or solar energy. The presence of favorable government policies pushing toward the hydrogen economy along with growing environmental concerns regarding increasing carbon emissions from fossil fuel usage are expected to drive the demand for the hydrogen economy.
According to the US Department of Energy, a traditional combustion-based power plant generates electricity at 33 to 35% efficiency, but hydrogen-based fuel cell systems can create electricity at up to 60% efficiency. According to the International Energy Agency, about 26,000 passenger cars, 6000 buses, 3000 medium-duty trucks, 49 light commercial vehicles, and 14 heavy-duty trucks used hydrogen fuel cells.
The utilization of hydrogen fuel cells produces no greenhouse gases or other pollutants. Hydrogen fuel cells are found to be more efficient than traditional combustion-based power plants. The growing acceptance of using hydrogen as a form of energy is driving growth in the market.
Hydrogen is highly flammable and volatile substances and extensive safety measures are required to prevent leakage and explosions. The production of hydrogen in general and green hydrogen in particular requires more energy than other fuels. Safety concerns and high energy consumption are the factors restraining the growth of the market.
The increased awareness of the usage of hydrogen as an energy carrier is predicted to propel the market growth. It is a sustainable energy source. In addition, growth in environmental issues, highlighting the need for renewable energy generation to reduce emission levels fuels the growth of market expansion.
High cost associated with the production, conversion, storage and transportation impede the growth. High initial investment requirements for setting up hydrogen infrastructure as well as prohibitive maintenance costs are the major factors that limit the green hydrogen market growth.
The green hydrogen industry was unaffected by COVID-19 disruption. However, coronavirus-related lockdowns posed a number of problems for industry participants, including disrupted supply chains, logistical difficulties in shipping end goods, and recruiting staff from quarantines. In addition, the pandemic ensured a strong rise in renewable energy market, resulting in constant increase in energy demand. Following relaxation of lockdown mandates in many countries, the green hydrogen market is quickly returning to normal and is expected to pick up even further.
The alkaline electrolyzer segment is estimated to have a lucrative growth, due to it being the conventional electrolyzer technology used in projects. It uses a liquid alkaline solution of potassium or sodium hydroxide as its electrolyte and it has higher operating hours. Additionally, the availability of these at a reduced price is anticipated to stimulate expansion in this industry.
The transport segment is anticipated to witness the fastest CAGR growth during the forecast period, due to its energy efficiency. In transportation, hydrogen can be used in fuel cells or internal combustion engines. A hydrogen fuel cell is two to three times more efficient than an internal combustion engine fuelled by gasoline is the major factor propelling the growth.
Asia Pacific is projected to hold the largest market share during the forecast period owing to increasing viability of the technology. Demand for hydrogen in the steelmaking and automobile industries quickly expanding, where manufacturing companies are concentrated. Therefore, these are the elements driving the region's expansion.
Europe is projected to have the highest CAGR over the forecast period, owing to the rising demand for renewable energy sources. Emergence of advanced electrolysis technologies, rising demand for cleaner energy from all major industry sectors and escalating environmental issues arising from carbon emissions are the prospects fueling the growth of the region.
Some of the key players profiled in the Green Hydrogen Market include: Toshiba Energy Systems and Solutions Corp., Siemens Energy, Air Products and Chemicals, Inc., Linde PLC, Reliance Industries Limited, Uniper SE, Ballard Power Systems, Hydrogenics, Nel ASA, Royal Dutch Shell plc, Bloom Energy, Cummins Inc., Engie, Nikola Motors, SGH2 Energy Global LLC, ITM Power PLC, Air Liquide, SRI Energy, Inc, Green Hydrogen Systems and Messer Group GMBH.
In June 2022, joint venture between Air Liquide and Siemens Energy, which is only dedicated to producing sustainable hydrogen electrolyzes throughout Europe, was announced. Siemens will have a 74.9% overall ownership in the joint venture, while Air Liquide will have a 25.1% stake.
In May 2022, Air Products and Chemicals, Inc. announced its collaboration with Schenk Tank transport and Road Transport Project to create hydrogen vehicles and a public hydrogen filling station in Rotterdam.
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