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到 2028 年的全球垂直农业市场预测——按作物类型、生长机制、结构、组成部分和地区分析Vertical Farming Market Forecasts to 2028 - Global Analysis By Crop Type, Growth mechanism, Structure, Component and By Geography |
根据 Stratistics MRC 的数据,全球垂直农业市场预计到 2022 年将达到 41.6 亿美元,到 2028 年将达到 182.1 亿美元,复合年增长率将达到 27.9%。
垂直农业是垂直堆迭农场的农业。 这使得一小块土地可用于更多生产。 它是一种非常规的农作物种植方法,易于收穫,受气候影响较小,产量较高,农药使用量较少,需要的土地较少,耗水量较少。 例如,1公顷的垂直农场,相当于9公顷的普通户外农场,每天可节水约200吨。 这种耕作方式降低了确保耕地的难度。
根据美国农业部的报告,耕地面积逐年减少,据报导,2017 年减少到 36436 万公顷,2021 年减少到 36231 万公顷。
垂直农业的优势在于不受天气影响。 换句话说,垂直农业可以让您全年种植农作物,而不必担心恶劣天气条件对收成质量和概况的影响。 在受保护、受到良好监控和监管的环境中进行耕种可确保提供高质量的食品,并为生产者提供可重复和可编程的产品。 此外,垂直农业可以成功缩短收穫时间并提高产量,同时保持 100% 一致的产品质量和风味。 这使生产商能够自信地遵守客户要求的交货时间表和回收合同。
空间、光、水、二氧化碳和土地在传统农业中都很容易获得。 然而,在垂直农业中,所有这些变量都意味着高供应成本。 室内农场使用人工照明。 它还包括用于空气冷却和加热的软件,用于温度稳定和精确监控。 它们还需要结构来提供生长所需的营养,并为生长奠定基础。 因此,垂直农场的维护和资源成本很高。
随着大麻需求的快速上升,供应方也开始以各种方式建立业务以满足需求。 为满足需求,大量垂直大麻农场和大麻经销商开花结果。 在当前的生产情况下,在垂直种植园中种植大麻可能是一项成本高昂的工作。 在阴影介质中种植大麻时需要考虑一些事项。 例如,高压钠灯 (HPS) 释放的热量会危害农产品。 因此,在低温下工作的 LED 可能是解决过度散热的方法。
植物需要光、空间、二氧化碳和水等自然资源才能生长。 然而,垂直农业要求所有这些需要有成本地从外部供应,例如所有建筑物都必须点亮才能种植植物。 然而,电费如此之高,要在电费和建筑费之间盈利是不可行的。 此外,无论设施有多大,每个工厂消耗的能源量都保持不变,因此需要全套设备。 此外,需要管理和维护人员监督大规模操作,这会损害种植者的盈利能力,从而使大规模垂直农业难以运营。
COVID-19 疫情减缓了全球经济并损害了多个行业,包括食品和农业。 由于供应链中断、粮食短缺和国家间进出口暂停,农业受到重创。 COVID-19 疫情凸显了对当地食品和城市农业(例如垂直农业和室内农业)的需求。 由于人口密度高,COVID-19 流行病影响了该市的食品系统、零售和分销。 然而,COVID-19 大流行增加了对安全和营养饮食的需求。 由于大流行期间对有机种植商品的需求增加,垂直农场可能会受到关注。
由于其易于安装且具有成本效益的垂直耕作方法,水培行业预计将实现有利可图的增长。 在水培系统中,溶解在水中的矿物质营养素被直接输送到植物根部,使植物长得又大又长,从而促进更快的生长、更快的收穫和更高的产量。 水培法是一种全年使用惰性介质在室内或室外种植草药、树叶和食物的系统。 此外,由于可以完全控制养分水平,因此养分成本低,并且可以预期持续的高产。
集装箱化垂直农业预计在预测期内将实现最快的复合年增长率,这种扩张归因于结构支持作物生产的能力,无论地理位置如何。 集装箱式垂直农业的主要优势之一是易于运输,不需要大面积土地或特殊结构即可开始生产。 此外,由于购买旧集装箱的成本相对较低,竞争加剧将压低航运集装箱的价格,从而允许其他公司进入市场。 但也存在相对生产率低、光、热、布局相互竞争等缺点。
由于美国存在许多垂直农场以及机器人和自动化技术在整个农场的采用,预计在预测期内北美将占据最大的市场份额。 对有机、新鲜和优质食品不断增长的需求正在推动美国和加拿大的市场增长。 此外,美国和加拿大已将大麻的使用部分合法化。 垂直农场适合种植大麻,预计将推动垂直农场市场的扩张。 例如,2019 年 1 月,Thrive Agritech, Inc. 向密歇根大麻种植者 Choice Labs 提供了 1,900 盏 LED 生长灯。 这些灯有助于提高工厂质量,同时降低运营成本。
预计亚太地区在预测期内的复合年增长率最高。 随着中国、印度和一些亚洲国家失去肥沃的农业用地,对这种新型农业方法的需求预计会增加。 印度、中国和日本的水资源短缺和不断增长的食品需求预计将为该地区带来新的商机。 亚洲农民面临着多年的干旱、降雨不足、气候变化、灌溉系统不足、财务问题、作物歉收、对化肥的依赖增加以及作物品种有限。 因此,预计未来几年对创新农业技术的需求将会增加。
垂直农业市场的主要参与者包括:Agrilution GmbH、Green Sense Farms, LLC、Illumitex, Inc.、AeroFarms、Vertical Farm Systems、Freight Farms。GrowUp Urban Farms Ltd.、Brightfarms Inc.、American Hydroponics、Everlight Electronics Co. Ltd.、SkyGreens Pte Ltd、Jones Food Company 和 SweGreen。
2022 年 10 月,AeroFarms 决定将业务扩展到东北地区的所有 Whole Foods 市场,尤其是在看到对其特色蔬菜的需求不断增长之后。 AeroFarms 将成为第一家加入 Whole Foods Market 全球货架图的室内农业公司。
2020 年 10 月,Bright Farms 获得 1 亿美元资金用于扩大其室内农场。 本轮融资由 Cox Enterprises 牵头。 该公司将利用这笔资金投资现有农场和零售农场。 此外,该公司正在寻求扩大其在美国的业务。
2020 年 2 月,Illumitex Inc. 开始提供基于计算机视觉技术的 AI 平台,以改进 FarmVisionAI。 该平台提供增强的人工智能和可视化功能来监测和控制农业环境。
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According to Stratistics MRC, the Global Vertical Farming Market is accounted for $4.16 billion in 2022 and is expected to reach $18.21 billion by 2028 growing at a CAGR of 27.9% during the forecast period. Vertical farming is the practise of stacking farms vertically. This has allowed tiny plots of land to be used for more output. It is an unconventional crop cultivation approach that allows for easy harvesting, a minor effect of climate, high yield, less pesticide use, less land required, and less water consumption. For example, one hectare of vertical farming is equivalent to nine hectares of regular outdoor farming and saves roughly 200 tonnes of water each day. This agricultural method decreases the difficulty of obtaining arable land.
According to the USDA report area of land on farms has been decreasing year by year, in 2017 the area was reported to be 364.36 million hectares and in 2021 it dropped to 362.31 million hectares.
The benefit of vertical farming is that it is not weather dependent; this means that vertical farming may produce crops all year long without worrying about the influence of unfavorable weather conditions on yield quality and profile. Farming in a protected, well-monitored, and regulated setting ensures high-quality food and provides growers with repeatable, programmable output. Furthermore, vertical farming successfully reduces harvest times and increases production while maintaining 100% consistency in produce quality and flavor. This helps the growers to confidently commit to the delivery schedules and offtake agreements demanded by their customers.
Space, light, water, carbon dioxide, and land are all readily available in conventional farming. Yet, for vertical farms, all of these variables imply a high supply cost. Indoor farms make use of artificial lighting. The cost of air cooling and heating to keep the temperature stable, as well as precise monitoring and other relevant software, is included. Similarly, appropriate structures must be built to deliver nutrients and create a platform for crop growth. As a result, vertical farm upkeep and resource supply are highly expensive.
As the demand for cannabis grows rapidly, the supply side has begun to build operations in various forms to meet the need. There has been a massive blooming in cannabis vertical farms and cannabis distributors, which is helping to meet demand. Growing cannabis on a vertical farm might be a costly operation in the current production scenario. Several aspects must be considered when growing cannabis in a sunless medium. For example, the heat released by high-pressure sodium lamps (HPS) might harm produce. As a result, LEDs, which operate at significantly lower temperatures, may provide a solution to the excessive heat emitted.
Plants require natural resources such as light, space, CO2, and water for growth. Nevertheless, in vertical farming, all of these necessities must be supplied externally at a cost, such as all buildings must be lighted with electric lights to grow the plants. Yet, the cost of power is so high that earning a profit between the electricity price and the building bill is unfeasible. Furthermore, no matter how large the facility is, the energy spent per plant remains the same, requiring a well-equipped system. A management and maintenance crew is also necessary to oversee large-scale operations, which could damage cultivators' profitability, making it difficult for them to run vertical farms on a large scale.
The COVID-19 epidemic has slowed the global economy and harmed several industries, including food and agriculture. The agriculture industry was severely disrupted as a result of supply chain disruption, food shortages, and the suspension of import and export between nations. The COVID-19 epidemic has highlighted the necessity of local food and urban farming, such as vertical and indoor farms. The COVID-19 epidemic impacted the urban food system, retail, and distribution because to the high population density. Yet, the COVID-19 pandemic has heightened the need for safe and nutritious meals. Vertical farms will gain traction as a result of increasing demand for organically cultivated goods during the pandemic.
The hydroponics segment is estimated to have a lucrative growth, due to simple installation and cost-effective vertical farm setup. Mineral nutrients dissolved in water are given directly to the plant's roots in a hydroponics system, causing the plant to grow largely upward, promoting faster growth, faster harvest, and higher yield. Hydroponics systems are used both indoors and outdoors to grow herbs, foliage, and food items all year long by employing an inert growth medium to attach the plant's roots. Additionally, nutrition levels can be completely managed, leading in cheaper nutrition expenditures and steady and high yields.
The shipping container-based vertical farms segment is anticipated to witness the fastest CAGR growth during the forecast period, this expansion is ascribed to the structure's ability to assist produce crops regardless of geographic location. One of the key advantages of container-based farming is that it is easy to transport, and it does not require a large plot of land or a specialised structure to begin producing. Furthermore, as competition increases, the price of shipping containers falls since the cost of acquiring old containers is relatively low, allowing other enterprises to enter the market. Yet, some of the disadvantages of this type of agriculture are low comparative productivity and antagonism between light, heat, and layout.
North America is projected to hold the largest market share during the forecast period owing to the presence of many vertical farms across the U.S. and the adoption of robotics and automation technologies across the farms. Rising demand for organic, fresh, and high-quality food drives market growth in the United States and Canada. Furthermore, the use of Cannabis is legal in some places in the United States and Canada. Vertical farms are suitable for growing cannabis, which is projected to drive the vertical farming market expansion. For example, in January 2019, Thrive Agritech, Inc. supplied 1,900 LED grow lights to Choice Labs, a marijuana producer in Michigan. The lights help to increase plant quality while lowering operational costs.
Asia Pacific is projected to have the highest CAGR over the forecast period. The loss of fertile land for agriculture in countries such as China, India, and several Asian countries is expected to increase demand for this novel agricultural approach. Water scarcity and rising food demand in India, China, and Japan are projected to open up new business opportunities across the region. Farmers in Asia have faced years of drought, lack of rain, climate change, insufficient irrigation systems, financial issues, crop failure, greater reliance on chemical fertilisers, and limited crop variety. This is projected to increase the demand for innovative farming techniques in the coming years.
Some of the key players profiled in the Vertical Farming Market include: Agrilution GmbH, Green Sense Farms, LLC, Illumitex, Inc., AeroFarms, Vertical Farm Systems, Freight Farms, GrowUp Urban Farms Ltd., Brightfarms Inc., American Hydroponics, Everlight Electronics Co., Ltd., SkyGreens Pte Ltd, Jones Food Company and SweGreen
In October 2022, AeroFarms have decided to expand nationwide from the Northeast region to all whole food markets, especially after seeing increasing demand for their specialty green. AeroFarms will be the first indoor farming company to be part of the Whole Foods Market Global Planogram.
In October 2020, BrightFarms secured USD 100 million to expand its indoor farming. The funding round was led by Cox Enterprises. The company aims to leverage this funding amount to invest in its existing and retail farms. Further, the company aims to expand its presence across the U.S.
In February 2020, Illumitex Inc. launched an AI platform based on computer vision technology to improve FarmVisionAI. The platform provides augmented artificial intelligence and visualization to monitor and control the farming environment.
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