市场调查报告书
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2030 年合成气市场预测:按类型、原料、技术、应用和地区进行全球分析Syngas Market Forecasts to 2030 - Global Analysis By Type (Entrained Flow, Fixed Bed Fluidized Bed and Other Types), Feedstock, Technology, Application, and By Geography |
根据 Stratistics MRC 的数据,2023 年全球合成气市场规模为 536 亿美元,预计在预测期内将以 8.1% 的复合年增长率成长,到 2030 年达到 925 亿美元。
合成气是合成气的缩写,是一种用途广泛的燃料和化学原料,主要成分为一氧化碳(CO)和氢气(H2)。合成气通常透过气化生产,气化是煤、生物质和天然气等碳质材料与受控量的氧气和水蒸气发生高温反应的过程。合成气是各种工业製程的前驱物,包括氢气、氨和甲醇的生产。它的弹性在于能够转化为各种有价值的产品,包括液体燃料和化学品,使其成为向永续和多样化能源来源过渡的重要组成部分。
根据《美国地质2022》,2021年全球氨产量预估为1.5亿吨。
政府支持和奖励
政府经常提供财政支持、税收优惠和补贴来鼓励合成气技术的开发和使用。这些奖励旨在刺激对合成气生产厂、研发和基础设施发展的投资。此外,可再生能源目标、碳定价机制和排放目标等监管政策也进一步推动了合成气市场的发展。
高成本
煤炭和生物质等原料的开采和加工成本高昂,需要对采矿作业以及生物质收集和加工设施进行大量投资。此外,与这些原材料相关的运输成本可能会进一步增加整体费用。这些过程包括高温、高压和市场催化剂的使用,所有这些都会增加营业成本并阻碍市场扩张。
气化技术的进展
气化製程的创新使得能够生产出成分适合各种最终用途的高品质合成气。这些技术进步扩大了合成气在发电、化学品、燃料和化肥等各个领域的用途。此外,这种多样性正在刺激全球对合成气相关计划的投资并推动市场成长。
对环境造成的影响
碳排放是与合成气相关的主要环境问题之一,它导致气候变迁和全球暖化。燃烧合成气用于能源产出会释放污染物,对空气品质、人类健康和生态系统产生负面影响。此外,用于合成气生产的某些原料(例如煤炭和生物质)的提取和加工可能会对土地、水和生物多样性产生不利影响,这极大地阻碍了这个市场的成长。
COVID-19 的影响
全球合成气市场受到COVID-19大流行的严重影响,对整个产业产生了负面影响。由于产能下降和消费者需求减少,严重依赖合成气的石化、化肥和能源产出等产业面临营运挑战。疫情造成的景气衰退导致合成气产业投资减少和计划延误。此外,旅行限制和健康问题阻碍了该市场的成长。
固定床细分市场预计将在预测期内成为最大的细分市场
由于其主要由一氧化碳和氢气组成的多功能气体混合物,固定台部分预计将占据最大份额。这些反应器由催化材料的固定台组成,通常由网格或其他结构支撑。此外,在固定台反应器中,催化剂床为反应发生提供了较大的表面积,有利于原料转化为合成气,以实现连续操作和长时间有效利用催化剂,这使得该部分推动增长
预计汽车热改性领域在预测期内复合年增长率最高。
汽车热改性领域涉及碳氢化合物与氧气和水蒸气同时反应,产生由氢气(H2)和一氧化碳(CO)组成的合成气。此外,ATR 技术由于其在利用各种原料方面的多功能性而具有巨大的潜力,包括天然气、甲烷,甚至生物质和废弃物等可再生资源。
北美在预测期内占据最大的市场占有率,因为它拥有丰富的页岩气蕴藏量,并透过蒸汽甲烷改性和气化等製程为合成气生产提供具有成本效益的原料。严格的环境法规正在刺激更清洁的合成气生产技术的采用。此外,对合成气应用基础设施的投资增加,例如氨生产、甲醇合成和液体燃料的费托合成,也推动了该地区的市场成长。
由于能源需求增加、环境问题以及政府推广再生能源来源的措施等多种因素,预计欧洲在预测期内的复合年增长率最高。该地区的主要企业包括BASF股份公司、空气化学产品公司和壳牌公司。此外,重点转向更清洁的替代能源和减少对石化燃料的依赖也有助于该地区的市场扩张。
According to Stratistics MRC, the Global Syngas Market is accounted for $53.6 billion in 2023 and is expected to reach $92.5 billion by 2030 growing at a CAGR of 8.1% during the forecast period. Syngas, short for synthesis gas, is a versatile fuel and chemical feedstock composed primarily of carbon monoxide (CO) and hydrogen (H2). It is typically produced through gasification, a process where carbonaceous materials such as coal, biomass, or natural gas undergo high-temperature reactions with a controlled amount of oxygen or steam. Syngas serves as a precursor for various industrial processes, including the production of hydrogen, ammonia, and methanol. Its flexibility lies in its ability to be transformed into a range of valuable products, including liquid fuels and chemicals, making it a vital component in the transition towards sustainable and diverse energy sources.
According to the United States Geological 2022, global ammonia production is estimated to be 150 million metric tons in 2021.
Government support and incentives
Governments often offer financial aid, tax incentives, and subsidies to encourage the development and utilization of syngas technologies. These incentives aim to stimulate investment in syngas production plants, research and development, and infrastructure development. In addition, regulatory policies such as renewable energy targets, carbon pricing mechanisms, and emission reduction goals further bolster the syngas market.
High cost
The extraction or processing of feedstocks like coal or biomass can be expensive, requiring significant investments in mining operations or biomass collection and processing facilities. Additionally, the transportation costs associated with these feedstocks can further add to the overall expense. These processes involve high temperatures, pressures, and the use of catalysts, all of which contribute to the operational costs and hamper this market expansion.
Advancements in gasification technologies
Innovations in gasification processes have enabled the production of high-quality syngas with tailored compositions suitable for diverse end uses. These technological advancements have led to expanded applications of syngas across various sectors, including power generation, chemicals, fuels, and fertilizers. Furthermore, this versatility has spurred investment in syngas-related projects worldwide, driving market growth.
Environmental impacts
Carbon emissions are one of the primary environmental concerns associated with the syngas that contribute to climate change and global warming. The combustion of syngas for energy generation can release pollutants, adversely affecting air quality, human health, and ecosystems. Moreover, the extraction and processing of certain feedstocks for syngas production, such as coal or biomass, can have detrimental effects on land, water, and biodiversity, which significantly impede this market growth.
Covid-19 Impact
The global syngas market has been severely impacted by the COVID-19 pandemic, which has had a negative impact on the industry as a whole. Industries such as petrochemicals, fertilizers, and energy generation, which heavily rely on syngas, faced operational challenges due to reduced production capacities and decreased consumer demand. The economic downturn resulting from the pandemic led to a decline in investments and project delays in the syngas sector. Additionally, travel restrictions and health concerns hindered this market's growth.
The fixed bed segment is expected to be the largest during the forecast period
The fixed bed segment is estimated to hold the largest share due to its versatile gas mixture, which is primarily composed of carbon monoxide and hydrogen. These reactors consist of a stationary bed of catalyst material, typically supported by a grid or other structure. Moreover, in fixed-bed reactors, the catalyst bed provides a large surface area for reactions to occur, promoting the conversion of feedstock into syngas for continuous operation and efficient utilization of the catalyst over time, which is driving this segment's growth.
The auto thermal reforming segment is expected to have the highest CAGR during the forecast period
The auto thermal reforming segment is anticipated to have highest CAGR during the forecast period due to the simultaneous reaction of hydrocarbons with oxygen and steam, typically facilitated by a catalyst, to generate syngas comprising hydrogen (H2) and carbon monoxide (CO). In addition, ATR technology holds significant promise due to its versatility in utilizing a wide range of feedstocks, including natural gas, methane, and even renewable sources like biomass or waste, thereby reducing energy consumption and costs and driving the size of this segment.
North America commanded the largest market share during the extrapolated period owing to the region's abundant shale gas reserves, which provide a cost-effective feedstock for syngas production through processes like steam methane reforming and gasification. Stringent environmental regulations have spurred the adoption of cleaner syngas production technologies. Moreover, increasing investment in infrastructure for syngas-based applications, including ammonia production, methanol synthesis, and Fischer-Tropsch synthesis for liquid fuels, has propelled market growth in this region.
Europe is expected to witness highest CAGR over the projection period, owing to various factors, including increasing energy demand, environmental concerns, and government initiatives to promote renewable energy sources. This region is home to some of the key players, such as BASF SE, Air Products and Chemicals Inc., and Shell PLC. Additionally, the region's emphasis on transitioning towards cleaner energy alternatives and reducing dependence on fossil fuels is also contributing to its market expansion in the region.
Key players in the market
Some of the key players in the Syngas Market include Air Products and Chemicals Inc., A.H.T Syngas Technology NV, John Wood Group PLC, Air Liquide, Linde PLC, Maire Tecnimont Spa, Airpower Technologies Limited, KBR Inc., Technip Energies NV, Sasol, Topsoe AS, Shell PLC, BASF SE, Dakota Gasification Company and OXEA GmbH.
In January 2024, Air Liquide and TotalEnergies announce the launch of TEAL Mobility, a joint venture to create the leader in hydrogen distribution for heavy duty vehicles in Europe.
In January 2024, Shell has reached an agreement to sell its Nigerian onshore subsidiary, The Shell Petroleum Development Company of Nigeria Limited (SPDC), to Renaissance, a consortium of five companies comprising four exploration and production companies based in Nigeria and an international energy group.
In November 2023, Air Liquide, signed a Memorandum of Understanding (MoU) to collaborate on accelerating the development of low-carbon hydrogen in Japan and contribute to the energy transition.
In October 2023, KBR announced that it has developed an advanced green methanol technology, PureM(SM), augmenting its leading portfolio of clean ammonia and hydrogen technologies.