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市场调查报告书
商品编码
1766036
2032 年 PEM 燃料电池材料市场预测:按材料类型、功率、应用、最终用户和地区进行的全球分析Materials for PEM Fuel Cells Market Forecasts to 2032 - Global Analysis By Material Type, Power Output, Application, End User and By Geography |
根据 Stratistics MRC 的数据,全球 PEM 燃料电池材料市场预计在 2025 年达到 20.4 亿美元,到 2032 年将达到 66.9 亿美元,预测期内的复合年增长率为 18.5%。
质子交换膜 (PEM) 燃料电池材料经过精心挑选,以提供卓越的性能、使用寿命和效率。质子交换膜是其关键组件,它传输质子并充当气体屏障。它通常由磺酸盐磺酸聚合物(例如 Nafion)构成。阳极和阴极使用铂基催化剂来驱动电化学反应。气体扩散层 (GDL) 通常由碳纤维纸或碳纤维布构成,可确保均匀的气体分布和有效的湿度控制。
根据美国能源部的数据,仅铂催化剂一项就约占质子交换膜燃料电池堆成本的41%(2020年燃料电池堆成本细分基于40美元/千瓦的目标)。这反映出,为实现美国能源部40美元/千瓦的汽车燃料电池系统成本目标,铂金的成本负担庞大。
人们对零排放汽车的兴趣日益浓厚
随着全球转向绿色交通,尤其是在公共交通、货运卡车和市政车辆等行业,对燃料电池电动车 (FCEV) 的需求急剧增长。与纯电动车 (BEV) 相比,质子交换膜 (PEM) 燃料电池车具有更长的续航里程和更短的加氢时间,使其成为远距重载应用的理想选择。此外,FCEV 需求的成长也直接推动了对高性能质子交换膜 (PEM) 燃料电池组件的需求,包括铂基催化剂、气体扩散层以及像 Nafion 这样的长效膜。
昂贵而重要的材料
原料成本高昂,尤其是铂金(常用于质子交换膜燃料电池的催化剂)是最大的障碍之一。铂金稀缺且昂贵,主要集中在南非和俄罗斯等少数国家,这使得铂金供应容易受到市场波动和地缘政治不稳定的影响。磺酸盐磺酸 (PFSA) 基膜,例如 Nafion,由于其复杂的化学结构和製造工艺,价格也非常昂贵。此外,这些昂贵的组件推高了质子交换膜燃料电池的总成本,限制了其可用性和广泛应用,尤其是在消费者对价格敏感的行业和领域。
替代材料和触媒技术的开发
正在进行的非铂族金属(non-PGM)催化剂研究,例如铁-氮-碳(Fe-NC)和掺杂碳基催化剂,为大幅降低燃料电池价格提供了创新机会。同样,化学稳定性更高、製造成本更低的碳氢化合物基膜和复合膜也正在被研究作为传统Nafion膜的替代品。此外,由于这些进展,更便宜、更丰富且更具永续的下一代电解质膜材料正在出现。如果这些替代品能够规模化并实现商业化,企业将能够在材料市场上占据优势。
蕴藏量有限且氢气基础设施不足
可靠的氢能基础设施(包括生产、配送和加氢站)对于PEM燃料电池的广泛应用至关重要,因此其所用材料也至关重要。大多数地区,尤其是开发中国家,氢能基础设施尚不存在或仍在建设中。如果没有同步的基础建设,PEM燃料电池材料的投资可能会受到威胁。此外,还有其他一些障碍会间接阻碍市场扩张,例如氢气的储存问题、安全隐患以及压缩和液化过程中的能量损失。
由于封锁、劳动力短缺和运输限制,新冠疫情首先扰乱了全球供应链,并减缓了生产活动。包括铂金和全氟辛烷磺酸(PFSA)薄膜在内的关键原料采购问题导致计划延期和成本变动。然而,作为新冠疫情后復苏努力的一部分,疫情增加了政府对清洁能源的兴趣,从而增加了对燃料电池和氢能技术的资金投入。因此,市场一度遭遇挫折,但由于对能源韧性和脱碳、绿色奖励策略以及氢能蓝图的关注度不断提高,市场迅速復苏。
预计预测期内膜电极组件(MEA)部分将成为最大的部分。
预计膜电极组件 (MEA) 领域将在预测期内占据最大的市场占有率。将氢气和氧气转化为电能、水和热量的电化学反应发生在膜电极组件 (MEA) 中,它是燃料电池的核心部件。该组件是燃料电池堆中最有价值、最复杂的部分,因为它包含许多关键组件,例如离聚物、催化剂层和薄膜。此外,固定式、携带式和汽车燃料电池应用对长寿命、高性能膜电极组件的需求不断增长,以及为提高效率和降低铂含量而进行的持续研发,显着提升了该市场的主导地位。
预计汽车OEM和一级供应商部门在预测期内将呈现最高的复合年增长率。
预计汽车原始设备製造商 (OEM) 和一级供应商细分市场将在预测期内实现最高成长。这一增长主要源于全球对零排放出行的追求以及氢燃料电池电动车 (FCEV) 日益增长的使用,尤其是在商用车队、公车和卡车领域。主要汽车製造商和供应商正在大力投入燃料电池研发,以满足严格的排放法规并延长续航里程。此外,对高性能材料(例如坚固的膜电极组件 (MEA)、轻质双极板和高效催化剂)的需求,也为整个汽车供应链的技术创新和广泛的材料采购注入了强劲动力。
在预测期内,亚太地区预计将占据最大的市场占有率,这得益于其积极的氢燃料电池技术部署、快速的工业化进程以及政府的大力支持,尤其是在中国、日本和韩国等国家。为了鼓励燃料电池汽车的使用和基础设施建设,一些国家製定了国家氢能规划并提供大量补贴。例如,韩国和日本正在推进燃料电池在汽车和住宅中的应用,而中国则在燃料电池公车的部署方面处于领先地位。此外,该地区完善的材料供应链和製造能力进一步巩固了其在全球市场的主导地位。
预计北美地区在预测期内的复合年增长率最高。这得归功于清洁能源技术投资的增加、氢动力汽车的普及,以及《通膨控制法案》和美国能源局的「氢能计画」等有效的政府计画。高性能质子交换膜 (PEM) 材料在该地区需求旺盛,因为它们在工业脱碳、备用电源和交通运输等应用领域不断扩展。此外,由于北美拥有领先的汽车製造商、研究机构和先进的製造能力,推动催化剂、薄膜和双极板的快速创新,北美预计将在未来几年成为重要的成长中心。
According to Stratistics MRC, the Global Materials for PEM Fuel Cells Market is accounted for $2.04 billion in 2025 and is expected to reach $6.69 billion by 2032 growing at a CAGR of 18.5% during the forecast period. Proton Exchange Membrane (PEM) fuel cell materials are carefully chosen to provide excellent performance, longevity, and efficiency. The proton exchange membrane, which carries protons while serving as a gas barrier, is one of the essential parts. It is usually composed of perfluorosulfonic acid polymers like Nafion. Both the anode and the cathode employ catalysts, most frequently based on platinum, to speed up electrochemical reactions. Typically composed of carbon fiber papers or cloths, gas diffusion layers (GDLs) guarantee uniform gas distribution and effective water control.
According to the U.S. DOE, platinum catalysts alone contribute approximately 41 % of the cost of a PEM fuel cell stack (based on a 2020 stack-cost breakdown targeting US $40/kW). This aligns with the 41% figure you mentioned and reflects the significant cost burden of platinum in achieving DOE's cost target of $40/kW for automotive fuel cell systems.
Increasing interest in zero-emission automobiles
The need for fuel cell electric vehicles (FCEVs) has grown dramatically as a result of the global shift to greener transportation, particularly in industries including public transportation, freight trucks, and municipal fleets. PEM fuel cell vehicles are perfect for long-distance and heavy-duty applications since they have greater ranges and quicker refueling periods than battery electric vehicles (BEVs). Additionally, the requirement for high-performance PEM fuel cell components, such as platinum-based catalysts, gas diffusion layers, and long-lasting membranes like Nafion, is directly increased by the rise in demand for FCEVs.
Expensive critical materials
The high cost of raw materials, especially platinum, which is frequently employed as a catalyst in PEM fuel cells, is one of the biggest obstacles. Due to its scarcity, high cost, and significant concentration in a small number of countries, likes South Africa and Russia, platinum supply is susceptible to market swings and geopolitical unrest. Perfluorosulfonic acid (PFSA)-based membranes, such as Nafion, is also expensive because of their intricate chemical makeup and production procedures. Furthermore, PEM fuel cells' overall cost is increased by these pricey components, which restricts their accessibility and widespread use, particularly in areas or industries where consumers are price-sensitive.
Developments in material substitution and catalyst technology
An innovative chance to drastically lower fuel cell prices is presented by ongoing research into non-platinum group metal (non-PGM) catalysts, such as iron-nitrogen-carbon (Fe-N-C) or doped carbon-based catalysts. Comparably, hydrocarbon-based or composite membranes, which have better chemical durability and cheaper production costs, are being explored as substitutes for conventional Nafion membranes. Moreover, next-generation PEM materials, which are more affordable, more plentiful, and possibly more sustainable, are emerging as a result of these advancements. Businesses will have an advantage in the materials market if they can scale up and commercialize these alternatives.
Limited storage and inadequate hydrogen infrastructure
The availability of dependable hydrogen infrastructure, including manufacturing, delivery, and filling stations, is crucial for the uptake of PEM fuel cells and, consequently, the materials utilized in them. Hydrogen infrastructure is either nonexistent or in its infancy in the majority of places, particularly in developing nations. Investing in PEM fuel cell materials may be jeopardized if infrastructure is not scaled up in tandem. Additionally, barriers that may indirectly jeopardize market expansion include issues with hydrogen storage, safety issues, and energy losses during compression or liquefaction.
Due to lockdowns, labour shortages, and limited transportation, the COVID-19 pandemic first disrupted global supply chains and delayed production activities, this had a mixed effect on the materials market for PEM fuel cells. Project delays and cost changes resulted from procurement issues with essential raw materials, including platinum and PFSA membranes. But as part of post-COVID recovery efforts, the epidemic also heightened government attention to clean energy, leading to more funding for fuel cell and hydrogen technology. As a result, even if the market suffered brief setbacks, it quickly recovered owing to greater attention on energy resilience and decarbonisation, green stimulus packages, and hydrogen roadmaps.
The membrane electrode assemblies (MEA) segment is expected to be the largest during the forecast period
The membrane electrode assemblies (MEA) segment is expected to account for the largest market share during the forecast period. The electrochemical reactions that turn hydrogen and oxygen into electricity, water, and heat take place in MEAs, which are the central component of fuel cells. This component is the most valuable and complex portion of the fuel cell stack since it incorporates a number of essential components, such as the ionomers, catalyst layers, and membrane. Moreover, the dominance of this market is greatly increased by the growing demand for long-lasting, high-performance MEAs in stationary, portable, and automotive fuel cell applications, as well as by continuous research and development to increase efficiency and lower platinum content.
The automotive OEMs & tier-1 suppliers segment is expected to have the highest CAGR during the forecast period
Over the forecast period, the automotive OEMs & tier-1 suppliers segment is predicted to witness the highest growth rate. This expansion is fueled by the global movement toward zero-emission mobility and the growing usage of hydrogen fuel cell electric vehicles (FCEVs), particularly in commercial fleets, buses, and trucks. Fuel cell research and development is being heavily funded by major automakers and suppliers in order to meet strict emission regulations and increase driving range. Additionally, strong momentum for innovation and extensive material procurement throughout the automotive supply chain is being created by the segment's demand for high-performance materials, including robust MEAs, lightweight bipolar plates, and effective catalysts.
During the forecast period, the Asia Pacific region is expected to hold the largest market share fueled by aggressive hydrogen fuel cell technology deployment, fast industrialization, and robust government assistance, especially in nations like China, Japan, and South Korea. In order to encourage the use of fuel cell vehicles and the construction of infrastructure, several countries have established national hydrogen plans and provide sizeable subsidies. For example, South Korea and Japan are developing fuel cell applications for both cars and homes, while China is at the forefront of fuel cell bus deployment. Furthermore, the areas established supply chains for materials and manufacturing capabilities further contribute to its supremacy in the worldwide market.
Over the forecast period, the North America region is anticipated to exhibit the highest CAGR, driven by rising investments in clean energy technologies, the expanding use of vehicles that run on hydrogen, and effective government programs like the Inflation Reduction Act and the Hydrogen Shot program of the U.S. Department of Energy. High-performance PEM materials are in high demand in the region because of growing applications in industrial decarburization, backup power, and transportation. Moreover, North America is positioned as a major growth hub in the years to come due to the presence of major automakers, research institutes, and advanced manufacturing capabilities that facilitate rapid innovation in catalysts, membranes, and bipolar plates.
Key players in the market
Some of the key players in Materials for PEM Fuel Cells Market include BASF SE, ITM Power PLC, PowerCell Sweden AB, Nuvera Fuel Cells, LLC, W.L. Gore & Associates Inc, Johnson Matthey, Plug Power Inc., Intelligent Energy Limited, Giner Inc., Ballard Power Systems, Shanghai Shenli Technology Co., Ltd., Pragma Industries Inc, Umicore, DuPont and ElringKlinger Inc.
In May 2025, Johnson Matthey has reached an agreement to sell its Catalyst Technologies (CT) business to Honeywell International for £1.8bn. The cash and debt-free basis transaction is expected to deliver net sale proceeds of c.£1.6bn to the Group, subject to customary closing adjustments. JM will be repositioned as a highly streamlined group focused on Clean Air and PGMS, driving sustained strong cash generation to support attractive ongoing returns to shareholders.
In May 2025, ITM Power has signed an agreement confirming our selection as the supplier of over 300MW of electrolysers. ITM Power is pleased to announce that we have signed an agreement with a customer, who wishes to remain confidential at this stage, confirming our selection as the supplier of over 300MW of electrolysers to produce green hydrogen for use in a power plant in the Asia-Pacific (APAC) region, thereby avoiding carbon emissions.
In April 2025, BASF and the University of Toronto have signed a Master Research Agreement (MRA) to streamline innovation projects and increase collaboration between BASF and Canadian researchers. This partnership is part of a regional strategy to extend BASF's collaboration with universities in North America into Canada. This is a great achievement for BASF, as it marks the company's first MRA with a Canadian university.
Note: Tables for North America, Europe, APAC, South America, and Middle East & Africa Regions are also represented in the same manner as above.