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市场调查报告书
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1836337

2032年形状记忆合金市场预测：按产品类型、形状、功能、应用和地区进行的全球分析

Shape Memory Alloy Market Forecasts to 2032 - Global Analysis By Product Type (Nickel-Titanium Alloys (Nitinol), Copper-Based Alloys and Iron-Based Alloy), Form, Function, Application and By Geography
出版日期: | 出版商: Stratistics Market Research Consulting | 英文 200+ Pages | 商品交期: 2-3个工作天内

价格

根据 Stratistics MRC 的数据，全球形状记忆合金市场预计到 2025 年将达到 174 亿美元，到 2032 年将达到 419 亿美元，预测期内的复合年增长率为 13.3%。

形状记忆合金 (SMA) 是一种特殊的金属材料，在特定的热或机械条件下能够恢復到预定的形状。这种独特的行为被称为“形状记忆效应”，它透过马氏体和奥氏体晶体结构之间的可逆相位变换来实现。 SMA 在经历较大变形后能够恢復其原始形状且不会造成永久性损坏，使其成为致动器、医疗设备、机器人和航太部件等应用的理想选择。 SMA 兼具弹性、耐用性和热响应性，使其有别于传统金属，并能够实现创新的工程解决方案。

航太和国防领域的进步

国防现代化和航太创新正在重塑对高性能智慧材料的需求。形状记忆合金越来越多地应用于致动器、阀门和结构部件，以减轻重量并提高可靠性。它们能够透过热刺激或机械刺激恢復形状，从而提升了飞机、卫星和太空探勘设备的性能。製造商正在将这些合金纳入自适应振动控制和温度调节系统。政府支持的研发和战略国防投资正在加速其应用。

材料和生产成本高

高昂的材料和製造成本正在影响消费性电子产品和中檔汽车等价格敏感领域的应用。镍钛合金和其他先进合金需要精确的成分控制和专门的加工设备。製造商面临平衡性能和价格的挑战，尤其是在微型或复杂部件方面。原料供应有限以及加工过程中的高能耗增加了加工成本。这些限制因素正在减缓更广泛的市场渗透。

汽车产业的成长

汽车产业的蓬勃发展催生了对形状记忆合金的需求，这些合金应用于气候控制系统、智慧锁定机构和轻量化致动器。形状记忆合金与电动车和自动驾驶平台的集成，正在提升能源效率和机械适应性。原始设备製造商正在探索这些合金，以增强碰撞安全性和电池系统的温度控管。汽车製造商与材料科学家之间的伙伴关係正在加速创新进程。

复杂的製造工艺

复杂的製造流程需要严格控制合金成分、热处理和机械校准。由于製程不一致导致的效能波动会降低关键任务应用的可靠性。扩大微型和多功能组件的生产需要先进的工具和熟练的劳动力。品质保证和可重复性仍然是大众市场整合面临的关键挑战。这些问题会延长产品上市时间并增加开发成本。

COVID-19的影响：

疫情扰乱了航太、汽车和医疗领域的供应链，导致研发进度延迟。选择性医疗程序和非必需汽车零件对形状记忆合金的需求暂时下降。停工期间，製造商面临原料短缺和劳动力减少的困境。此后，復苏工作加速了对高韧性基础设施和智慧材料的投资。自动化、远距离诊断和自适应系统等疫情时代的优先事项正在推动长期需求。这场危机强化了形状记忆合金在关键应用上的战略价值。

预计镍钛合金（镍钛合金）市场在预测期内将占最大份额

镍钛合金（镍钛诺）因其优异的形状恢復性、生物相容性和抗疲劳性，预计将在预测期内占据最大的市场份额。这些合金广泛应用于医疗设备，例如支架、导管导引线和整形外科植入。它们在航太致动器和减震器中的优异性能也推动了其在工业领域的应用。製造商正在优化镍钛诺，以用于微型部件和高週波应用。对混合成分和表面处理的研究正在提高其耐久性和耐腐蚀性。

预计预测期内汽车产业将以最高的复合年增长率成长。

随着智慧材料成为车辆设计和性能不可或缺的一部分，预计汽车产业将在预测期内实现最高成长率。形状记忆合金正被用于电动车温度控管、自我调整悬吊系统和智慧锁定係统。与自动驾驶平台和人工智慧驾驶控制的整合正在扩展其功能。轻量化、反应迅速的零件正在提高燃油效率和乘员安全性。原始设备製造商正在投资可扩展的合金解决方案，以打造下一代行动出行解决方案。这一领域正在重新定义车辆与环境的互动方式。

占比最大的地区：

在预测期内，亚太地区预计将占据最大的市场份额，因为其在製造业、汽车生产和医疗设备出口方面占据主导地位。中国、日本、韩国和印度等国家正在扩大形状记忆合金在医疗保健、航太和消费性电子产品领域的应用。政府支持的研发和外国投资正在刺激技术创新。区域供应商正在开发符合区域需求的经济高效的合金。不断成长的基础设施和出口导向策略正在增强市场实力。

复合年增长率最高的地区：

在预测期内，由于航太、国防和医疗领域对先进材料的需求不断增长，预计北美将实现最高的复合年增长率。美国和加拿大正在投资智慧基础设施和下一代行动平台。研究机构和原始设备製造商正在推动合金成分和製造技术的创新。监管支援和国防资金正在推动其在关键任务应用中的应用。该地区在机器人、穿戴式装置和自适应消费技术方面的应用也日益广泛。

免费客製化服务：

此报告的订阅者可以使用以下免费自订选项之一：

  • 公司简介
    • 对最多三家其他市场公司进行全面分析
    • 主要企业的SWOT分析（最多3家公司）
  • 区域细分
    • 根据客户兴趣对主要国家进行的市场估计、预测和复合年增长率（註：基于可行性检查）
  • 竞争基准化分析
    • 根据产品系列、地理分布和策略联盟对主要企业基准化分析

目录

第一章执行摘要

第二章 前言

  • 概述
  • 相关利益者
  • 调查范围
  • 调查方法
    • 资料探勘
    • 数据分析
    • 数据检验
    • 研究途径
  • 研究材料
    • 主要研究资料
    • 次级研究资讯来源
    • 先决条件

第三章市场走势分析

  • 驱动程式
  • 抑制因素
  • 机会
  • 威胁
  • 产品分析
  • 应用分析
  • 新兴市场
  • COVID-19的影响

第四章 波特五力分析

  • 供应商的议价能力
  • 买方的议价能力
  • 替代品的威胁
  • 新进入者的威胁
  • 竞争对手之间的竞争

5. 全球形状记忆合金市场（依产品类型）

  • 镍钛合金（镍钛诺）
  • 铜基合金
  • 铁基合金

6. 全球形状记忆合金市场（依形状）

  • 金属丝
  • 床单
  • 管子
  • 桿
  • 挫败

7. 全球形状记忆合金市场（依功能）

  • 单向形状记忆效应
  • 双向形状记忆效应
  • 超弹性

8. 全球形状记忆合金市场（依应用）

  • 生物医学设备
    • 支架
    • 整形外科植入
    • 导管导引线
  • 航太和国防
    • 致动器
    • 紧固件
    • 热控制系统
  • 车
    • 阀门驱动
    • 碰撞安全系统
    • 轻量级元件
  • 家电
    • 连接器
    • 致动器
  • 其他用途

9. 全球形状记忆合金市场（按地区）

  • 北美洲
    • 美国
    • 加拿大
    • 墨西哥
  • 欧洲
    • 德国
    • 英国
    • 义大利
    • 法国
    • 西班牙
    • 其他欧洲国家
  • 亚太地区
    • 日本
    • 中国
    • 印度
    • 澳洲
    • 纽西兰
    • 韩国
    • 其他亚太地区
  • 南美洲
    • 阿根廷
    • 巴西
    • 智利
    • 其他南美
  • 中东和非洲
    • 沙乌地阿拉伯
    • 阿拉伯聯合大公国
    • 卡达
    • 南非
    • 其他中东和非洲地区

第十章：重大进展

  • 协议、伙伴关係、合作和合资企业
  • 收购与合併
  • 新产品发布
  • 业务扩展
  • 其他关键策略

第十一章 公司概况

  • Confluent Medical Technologies
  • SAES Getters SpA
  • ATI Inc.
  • Fort Wayne Metals
  • Nippon Steel & Sumitomo Metal
  • Furukawa Electric Co., Ltd.
  • Johnson Matthey
  • Dynalloy, Inc.
  • Euroflex GmbH
  • G.RAU GmbH & Co. KG
  • Nippon Seisen Co., Ltd.
  • Allegheny Technologies Incorporated
  • Seabird Metal Materials Co., Ltd.
  • Ultimate NiTi Technologies
  • Admedes Schuessler GmbH
Product Code: SMRC31461

According to Stratistics MRC, the Global Shape Memory Alloy Market is accounted for $17.4 billion in 2025 and is expected to reach $41.9 billion by 2032 growing at a CAGR of 13.3% during the forecast period. Shape Memory Alloys (SMAs) are specialized metallic materials capable of returning to a pre-defined shape when subjected to specific thermal or mechanical conditions. This unique behavior, known as the "shape memory effect," occurs due to a reversible phase transformation between martensite and austenite crystal structures. SMAs can undergo significant deformation and recover their original form without permanent damage, making them ideal for applications in actuators, medical devices, robotics, and aerospace components. Their ability to combine elasticity, durability, and thermal responsiveness distinguishes them from conventional metals, enabling innovative engineering solutions.

Market Dynamics:

Driver:

Advancements in aerospace & defense

Defense modernization and aerospace innovation are reshaping demand for high-performance smart materials. Shape memory alloys are increasingly used in actuators, valves, and structural components to reduce weight and improve reliability. Their ability to recover shape under thermal or mechanical stimuli is enhancing performance in aircraft, satellites, and space exploration gear. Manufacturers are integrating these alloys into adaptive systems for vibration control and thermal regulation. Government-backed R&D and strategic defense investments are accelerating adoption.

Restraint:

High material and production costs

High material and production costs are affecting adoption in price-sensitive sectors such as consumer electronics and mid-tier automotive. Nitinol and other advanced alloys require precise composition control and specialized processing equipment. Manufacturers face challenges in balancing performance with affordability, especially in miniaturized or complex components. Limited availability of raw materials and high energy input during fabrication add to operational overhead. These constraints are slowing broader market penetration.

Opportunity:

Growth in automotive industry

Growth in the automotive industry is creating demand for shape memory alloys in climate control systems, intelligent locking mechanisms, and lightweight actuators. Integration into electric vehicles and autonomous platforms is improving energy efficiency and mechanical adaptability. OEMs are exploring these alloys for crash safety enhancements and thermal management in battery systems. Partnerships between automakers and material scientists are accelerating innovation pipelines.

Threat:

Complex manufacturing processes

Complex manufacturing processes require tight control over alloy composition, thermal treatment, and mechanical calibration. Variability in performance due to processing inconsistencies can degrade reliability in mission-critical applications. Scaling production for miniaturized or multi-functional components demands advanced tooling and skilled labor. Quality assurance and repeatability remain key challenges for mass-market integration. These issues are slowing time-to-market and increasing development costs.

Covid-19 Impact:

The pandemic disrupted supply chains and delayed R&D timelines across aerospace, automotive, and medical sectors. Demand for shape memory alloys in elective medical procedures and non-essential automotive components declined temporarily. Manufacturers faced raw material shortages and reduced workforce availability during lockdowns. Recovery efforts have since accelerated investment in resilient infrastructure and smart materials. Post-pandemic priorities around automation, remote diagnostics, and adaptive systems are boosting long-term demand. The crisis reinforced the strategic value of shape memory alloys in critical applications.

The nickel-titanium alloys (Nitinol) segment is expected to be the largest during the forecast period

The nickel-titanium alloys (Nitinol) segment is expected to account for the largest market share during the forecast period due to their superior shape recovery, biocompatibility, and fatigue resistance. These alloys are widely used in medical devices such as stents, guidewires, and orthopaedic implants. Their performance in aerospace actuators and vibration dampers is also driving industrial adoption. Manufacturers are optimizing Nitinol for miniaturized components and high-cycle applications. Research into hybrid compositions and surface treatments is enhancing durability and corrosion resistance.

The automotive segment is expected to have the highest CAGR during the forecast period

Over the forecast period, the automotive segment is predicted to witness the highest growth rate as smart materials become integral to vehicle design and performance. Shape memory alloys are being deployed in EV thermal management, adaptive suspension systems, and intelligent locking mechanisms. Integration with autonomous platforms and AI-driven controls is expanding functionality. Lightweight and responsive components are improving fuel efficiency and occupant safety. OEMs are investing in scalable alloy solutions for next-gen mobility. This segment is redefining how vehicles interact with their environment.

Region with largest share:

During the forecast period, the Asia Pacific region is expected to hold the largest market share due to its dominance in manufacturing, automotive production, and medical device exports. Countries like China, Japan, South Korea, and India are scaling shape memory alloy use across healthcare, aerospace, and consumer electronics. Government-backed R&D and foreign investment are accelerating innovation. Regional suppliers are developing cost-effective alloys tailored to local needs. Infrastructure growth and export-oriented strategies are reinforcing market strength.

Region with highest CAGR:

Over the forecast period, the North America region is anticipated to exhibit the highest CAGR as demand for advanced materials in aerospace, defense, and medical sectors intensifies. The United States and Canada are investing in smart infrastructure and next-gen mobility platforms. Research institutions and OEMs are driving innovation in alloy composition and manufacturing techniques. Regulatory support and defense funding are boosting adoption in mission-critical applications. The region is also expanding use in robotics, wearables, and adaptive consumer technologies.

Key players in the market

Some of the key players in Shape Memory Alloy Market include Confluent Medical Technologies, SAES Getters S.p.A., ATI Inc., Fort Wayne Metals, Nippon Steel & Sumitomo Metal, Furukawa Electric Co., Ltd., Johnson Matthey, Dynalloy, Inc., Euroflex GmbH, G.RAU GmbH & Co. KG, Nippon Seisen Co., Ltd., Allegheny Technologies Incorporated, Seabird Metal Materials Co., Ltd., Ultimate NiTi Technologies and Admedes Schuessler GmbH.

Key Developments:

In April 2024, SAES announced a non-binding expression of interest to acquire HeatWave Labs, Inc., a California-based company specializing in cathode integrated systems. This move aims to enhance SAES's capabilities in advanced materials and expand its portfolio in the high-tech sector.

In January 2024, Confluent Medical Technologies announced a significant investment exceeding $50 million in collaboration with Allegheny Technologies Incorporated (ATI) to expand ATI's Nitinol melt and materials conversion infrastructure. This partnership aims to more than triple ATI's melt capacity for medical-grade Nitinol, with Confluent serving as ATI's fulfillment partner, providing a suite of value-added services and order fulfillment for ATI's medical Nitinol mill products.

Product Types Covered:

  • Nickel-Titanium Alloys (Nitinol)
  • Copper-Based Alloys
  • Iron-Based Alloys

Forms Covered:

  • Wires
  • Sheets
  • Tubes
  • Rods
  • Foils

Functions Covered:

  • One-Way Shape Memory Effect
  • Two-Way Shape Memory Effect
  • Superelasticity

Applications Covered:

  • Biomedical Devices
  • Aerospace & Defense
  • Automotive
  • Consumer Electronics
  • Other Applications

Regions Covered:

  • North America
    • US
    • Canada
    • Mexico
  • Europe
    • Germany
    • UK
    • Italy
    • France
    • Spain
    • Rest of Europe
  • Asia Pacific
    • Japan
    • China
    • India
    • Australia
    • New Zealand
    • South Korea
    • Rest of Asia Pacific
  • South America
    • Argentina
    • Brazil
    • Chile
    • Rest of South America
  • Middle East & Africa
    • Saudi Arabia
    • UAE
    • Qatar
    • South Africa
    • Rest of Middle East & Africa

What our report offers:

  • Market share assessments for the regional and country-level segments
  • Strategic recommendations for the new entrants
  • Covers Market data for the years 2024, 2025, 2026, 2028, and 2032
  • Market Trends (Drivers, Constraints, Opportunities, Threats, Challenges, Investment Opportunities, and recommendations)
  • Strategic recommendations in key business segments based on the market estimations
  • Competitive landscaping mapping the key common trends
  • Company profiling with detailed strategies, financials, and recent developments
  • Supply chain trends mapping the latest technological advancements

Free Customization Offerings:

All the customers of this report will be entitled to receive one of the following free customization options:

  • Company Profiling
    • Comprehensive profiling of additional market players (up to 3)
    • SWOT Analysis of key players (up to 3)
  • Regional Segmentation
    • Market estimations, Forecasts and CAGR of any prominent country as per the client's interest (Note: Depends on feasibility check)
  • Competitive Benchmarking
    • Benchmarking of key players based on product portfolio, geographical presence, and strategic alliances

Table of Contents

1 Executive Summary

2 Preface

  • 2.1 Abstract
  • 2.2 Stake Holders
  • 2.3 Research Scope
  • 2.4 Research Methodology
    • 2.4.1 Data Mining
    • 2.4.2 Data Analysis
    • 2.4.3 Data Validation
    • 2.4.4 Research Approach
  • 2.5 Research Sources
    • 2.5.1 Primary Research Sources
    • 2.5.2 Secondary Research Sources
    • 2.5.3 Assumptions

3 Market Trend Analysis

  • 3.1 Introduction
  • 3.2 Drivers
  • 3.3 Restraints
  • 3.4 Opportunities
  • 3.5 Threats
  • 3.6 Product Analysis
  • 3.7 Application Analysis
  • 3.8 Emerging Markets
  • 3.9 Impact of Covid-19

4 Porters Five Force Analysis

  • 4.1 Bargaining power of suppliers
  • 4.2 Bargaining power of buyers
  • 4.3 Threat of substitutes
  • 4.4 Threat of new entrants
  • 4.5 Competitive rivalry

5 Global Shape Memory Alloy Market, By Product Type

  • 5.1 Introduction
  • 5.2 Nickel-Titanium Alloys (Nitinol)
  • 5.3 Copper-Based Alloys
  • 5.4 Iron-Based Alloys

6 Global Shape Memory Alloy Market, By Form

  • 6.1 Introduction
  • 6.2 Wires
  • 6.3 Sheets
  • 6.4 Tubes
  • 6.5 Rods
  • 6.6 Foils

7 Global Shape Memory Alloy Market, By Function

  • 7.1 Introduction
  • 7.2 One-Way Shape Memory Effect
  • 7.3 Two-Way Shape Memory Effect
  • 7.4 Superelasticity

8 Global Shape Memory Alloy Market, By Application

  • 8.1 Introduction
  • 8.2 Biomedical Devices
    • 8.2.1 Stents
    • 8.2.2 Orthopedic Implants
    • 8.2.3 Guidewires
  • 8.3 Aerospace & Defense
    • 8.3.1 Actuators
    • 8.3.2 Fasteners
    • 8.3.3 Thermal Control Systems
  • 8.4 Automotive
    • 8.4.1 Valve Actuation
    • 8.4.2 Crash Safety Systems
    • 8.4.3 Lightweight Components
  • 8.5 Consumer Electronics
    • 8.5.1 Connectors
    • 8.5.2 Microactuators
  • 8.6 Other Applications

9 Global Shape Memory Alloy Market, By Geography

  • 9.1 Introduction
  • 9.2 North America
    • 9.2.1 US
    • 9.2.2 Canada
    • 9.2.3 Mexico
  • 9.3 Europe
    • 9.3.1 Germany
    • 9.3.2 UK
    • 9.3.3 Italy
    • 9.3.4 France
    • 9.3.5 Spain
    • 9.3.6 Rest of Europe
  • 9.4 Asia Pacific
    • 9.4.1 Japan
    • 9.4.2 China
    • 9.4.3 India
    • 9.4.4 Australia
    • 9.4.5 New Zealand
    • 9.4.6 South Korea
    • 9.4.7 Rest of Asia Pacific
  • 9.5 South America
    • 9.5.1 Argentina
    • 9.5.2 Brazil
    • 9.5.3 Chile
    • 9.5.4 Rest of South America
  • 9.6 Middle East & Africa
    • 9.6.1 Saudi Arabia
    • 9.6.2 UAE
    • 9.6.3 Qatar
    • 9.6.4 South Africa
    • 9.6.5 Rest of Middle East & Africa

10 Key Developments

  • 10.1 Agreements, Partnerships, Collaborations and Joint Ventures
  • 10.2 Acquisitions & Mergers
  • 10.3 New Product Launch
  • 10.4 Expansions
  • 10.5 Other Key Strategies

11 Company Profiling

  • 11.1 Confluent Medical Technologies
  • 11.2 SAES Getters S.p.A.
  • 11.3 ATI Inc.
  • 11.4 Fort Wayne Metals
  • 11.5 Nippon Steel & Sumitomo Metal
  • 11.6 Furukawa Electric Co., Ltd.
  • 11.7 Johnson Matthey
  • 11.8 Dynalloy, Inc.
  • 11.9 Euroflex GmbH
  • 11.10 G.RAU GmbH & Co. KG
  • 11.11 Nippon Seisen Co., Ltd.
  • 11.12 Allegheny Technologies Incorporated
  • 11.13 Seabird Metal Materials Co., Ltd.
  • 11.14 Ultimate NiTi Technologies
  • 11.15 Admedes Schuessler GmbH

List of Tables

  • Table 1 Global Shape Memory Alloy Market Outlook, By Region (2024-2032) ($MN)
  • Table 2 Global Shape Memory Alloy Market Outlook, By Product Type (2024-2032) ($MN)
  • Table 3 Global Shape Memory Alloy Market Outlook, By Nickel-Titanium Alloys (Nitinol) (2024-2032) ($MN)
  • Table 4 Global Shape Memory Alloy Market Outlook, By Copper-Based Alloys (2024-2032) ($MN)
  • Table 5 Global Shape Memory Alloy Market Outlook, By Iron-Based Alloys (2024-2032) ($MN)
  • Table 6 Global Shape Memory Alloy Market Outlook, By Form (2024-2032) ($MN)
  • Table 7 Global Shape Memory Alloy Market Outlook, By Wires (2024-2032) ($MN)
  • Table 8 Global Shape Memory Alloy Market Outlook, By Sheets (2024-2032) ($MN)
  • Table 9 Global Shape Memory Alloy Market Outlook, By Tubes (2024-2032) ($MN)
  • Table 10 Global Shape Memory Alloy Market Outlook, By Rods (2024-2032) ($MN)
  • Table 11 Global Shape Memory Alloy Market Outlook, By Foils (2024-2032) ($MN)
  • Table 12 Global Shape Memory Alloy Market Outlook, By Function (2024-2032) ($MN)
  • Table 13 Global Shape Memory Alloy Market Outlook, By One-Way Shape Memory Effect (2024-2032) ($MN)
  • Table 14 Global Shape Memory Alloy Market Outlook, By Two-Way Shape Memory Effect (2024-2032) ($MN)
  • Table 15 Global Shape Memory Alloy Market Outlook, By Superelasticity (2024-2032) ($MN)
  • Table 16 Global Shape Memory Alloy Market Outlook, By Application (2024-2032) ($MN)
  • Table 17 Global Shape Memory Alloy Market Outlook, By Biomedical Devices (2024-2032) ($MN)
  • Table 18 Global Shape Memory Alloy Market Outlook, By Stents (2024-2032) ($MN)
  • Table 19 Global Shape Memory Alloy Market Outlook, By Orthopedic Implants (2024-2032) ($MN)
  • Table 20 Global Shape Memory Alloy Market Outlook, By Guidewires (2024-2032) ($MN)
  • Table 21 Global Shape Memory Alloy Market Outlook, By Aerospace & Defense (2024-2032) ($MN)
  • Table 22 Global Shape Memory Alloy Market Outlook, By Actuators (2024-2032) ($MN)
  • Table 23 Global Shape Memory Alloy Market Outlook, By Fasteners (2024-2032) ($MN)
  • Table 24 Global Shape Memory Alloy Market Outlook, By Thermal Control Systems (2024-2032) ($MN)
  • Table 25 Global Shape Memory Alloy Market Outlook, By Automotive (2024-2032) ($MN)
  • Table 26 Global Shape Memory Alloy Market Outlook, By Valve Actuation (2024-2032) ($MN)
  • Table 27 Global Shape Memory Alloy Market Outlook, By Crash Safety Systems (2024-2032) ($MN)
  • Table 28 Global Shape Memory Alloy Market Outlook, By Lightweight Components (2024-2032) ($MN)
  • Table 29 Global Shape Memory Alloy Market Outlook, By Consumer Electronics (2024-2032) ($MN)
  • Table 30 Global Shape Memory Alloy Market Outlook, By Connectors (2024-2032) ($MN)
  • Table 31 Global Shape Memory Alloy Market Outlook, By Microactuators (2024-2032) ($MN)
  • Table 32 Global Shape Memory Alloy Market Outlook, By Other Applications (2024-2032) ($MN)

Note: Tables for North America, Europe, APAC, South America, and Middle East & Africa Regions are also represented in the same manner as above.