铁矿球团市场－全球产业规模、份额、趋势、机会及预测（细分、按产品、按产业、按球团技术、按地区及竞争情况，2020-2030 年预测）

2024 年铁矿球团市场价值为 535.6 亿美元，预计到 2030 年将达到 774.4 亿美元，复合年增长率为 6.18%。铁矿球团市场是指从事铁矿石球团生产、分销和利用的全球产业。铁矿球团是透过製粒製程製成的小型球形铁矿石粉团聚体，以提高其在炼铁和炼钢作业中的适用性。铁矿球团的生产方法是将铁矿石研磨成细颗粒，将其与膨润土等黏合剂混合，然后将混合物製成均匀的球，随后透过热处理使其硬化。所得产品具有高铁含量、出色的均匀性以及优异的物理和冶金性能，使其成为高炉和直接还原製程的有效原料。

市场涵盖多种类型的球团，包括用于传统钢铁生产的高炉球团，以及日益受到低碳炼钢技术青睐的直接还原品位球团。人们对永续和节能钢铁生产方法的日益重视，推动了对高品位铁矿石球团的需求，因为与块矿或烧结矿相比，高品位铁矿石球团可以提高生产率、降低燃料消耗并减少温室气体排放。这种转变与全球脱碳趋势和鼓励在炼钢过程中采用更清洁原料的严格环境法规相一致。

铁矿球团市场的主要参与者包括矿业公司、球团厂营运商、钢铁生产商和技术提供者。这些利害关係人在整个价值链中通力合作，以确保稳定的供应、提高球团品质并优化生产流程。选矿技术的改进、球团厂的自动化以及硬化技术的改进等技术进步，使得生产具有客製化特性的球团成为可能，以满足特定的最终用户需求。此外，数位监控系统的整合正在改善球团生产的製程控制、营运效率和成本效益。

关键市场驱动因素

炼钢对高品位铁矿石球团的需求不断成长

主要市场挑战

原物料价格波动与供应链中断

主要市场趋势

脱碳措施推动优质球团需求上升

目录

第 1 章：产品概述

第二章：研究方法

第三章：执行摘要

第四章：顾客之声

第五章：全球铁矿球团市场展望

• 市场规模和预测
  • 按价值
• 市场占有率和预测
  • 副产品（高炉级球团、直接还原级球团）
  • 按贸易（自营、海运）
  • 按压球技术（压球盘、压球鼓）
  • 按地区
• 按公司分类（2024 年）
• 市场地图

第六章：北美铁矿球团市场展望

• 市场规模和预测
• 市场占有率和预测
• 北美：国家分析
  • 美国
  • 加拿大
  • 墨西哥

第七章：欧洲铁矿球团市场展望

• 市场规模和预测
• 市场占有率和预测
• 欧洲：国家分析
  • 德国
  • 英国
  • 义大利
  • 法国
  • 西班牙

第八章：亚太铁矿石球团市场展望

• 市场规模和预测
• 市场占有率和预测
• 亚太地区：国家分析
  • 中国
  • 印度
  • 日本
  • 韩国
  • 澳洲

第九章：南美洲铁矿球团市场展望

• 市场规模和预测
• 市场占有率和预测
• 南美洲：国家分析
  • 巴西
  • 阿根廷
  • 哥伦比亚

第十章：中东和非洲铁矿石球团市场展望

• 市场规模和预测
• 市场占有率和预测
• 中东和非洲：国家分析
  • 南非
  • 沙乌地阿拉伯
  • 阿联酋
  • 科威特
  • 土耳其

第 11 章：市场动态

• 驱动程式
• 挑战

第 12 章：市场趋势与发展

• 合併与收购（如有）
• 产品发布（如有）
• 最新动态

第十三章：公司简介

• Vale SA
• Rio Tinto
• BHP Group
• ArcelorMittal
• Cleveland-Cliffs Inc.
• Metso Outotec
• Ferrexpo plc
• LKAB (Luossavaara-Kiirunavaara AB)
• Jindal Steel & Power Ltd.
• Bahrain Steel

第 14 章：策略建议

第15章调查会社について・免责事项

The Iron Ore Pellets Market was valued at USD 53.56 Billion in 2024 and is expected to reach USD 77.44 Billion by 2030 with a CAGR of 6.18%. The iron ore pellets market refers to the global industry involved in the production, distribution, and utilization of iron ore pellets-small, spherical agglomerates of iron ore fines that are created through pelletizing processes to enhance their suitability for use in ironmaking and steelmaking operations. Iron ore pellets are produced by grinding iron ore into fine particles, mixing it with binders such as bentonite, and then forming the mixture into uniform balls, which are subsequently hardened through thermal treatment. The resulting product exhibits high iron content, excellent uniformity, and superior physical and metallurgical properties, making it an efficient raw material for blast furnaces and direct reduction processes.

The market encompasses a diverse range of pellet types, including blast furnace pellets, which are used in traditional steel production, and direct reduced grade pellets, which are increasingly favored for low-carbon steelmaking technologies. The growing emphasis on sustainable and energy-efficient steel production methods is driving the demand for high-grade iron ore pellets, as they allow for higher productivity, lower fuel consumption, and reduced greenhouse gas emissions compared to lump ore or sinter feed. This shift is aligned with global decarbonization trends and stringent environmental regulations that encourage the adoption of cleaner raw materials in steelmaking.

Key participants in the iron ore pellets market include mining companies, pelletizing plant operators, steel producers, and technology providers. These stakeholders collaborate across the value chain to ensure consistent supply, improve pellet quality, and optimize production processes. Technological advancements, such as enhanced beneficiation techniques, automation in pelletizing plants, and improved induration technologies, are enabling the production of pellets with tailored properties to meet specific end-user requirements. Furthermore, the integration of digital monitoring systems is improving process control, operational efficiency, and cost-effectiveness in pellet production.

Key Market Drivers

Rising Demand for High-Grade Iron Ore Pellets in Steelmaking

The global iron ore pellets market is experiencing strong growth momentum, primarily driven by the escalating demand for high-grade raw materials in steel production. As steel remains a fundamental material for infrastructure, automotive, construction, machinery, and energy projects, the need for superior feedstock has intensified. Iron ore pellets, with their uniform size, high iron content, and lower levels of impurities, have emerged as the preferred alternative to traditional lump and sinter feed in blast furnaces and direct reduction processes. These attributes enable steelmakers to achieve higher productivity, reduced energy consumption, and lower emissions per tonne of steel produced, aligning with global efficiency and sustainability objectives.

The shift toward high-grade pellets is further reinforced by stricter environmental regulations worldwide, which mandate the reduction of carbon footprints in steelmaking. Pellets allow for more efficient furnace operation, producing fewer greenhouse gases compared to lower-grade ore inputs. This is particularly crucial in regions adopting carbon pricing mechanisms, as using pellets can significantly reduce compliance costs. In addition, the growing adoption of electric arc furnaces (EAFs) and direct reduced iron (DRI) technology in steelmaking processes increases the preference for pellets, which serve as an ideal input for producing high-purity steel grades used in automotive, construction, and specialty applications.

Moreover, expanding urbanization and industrialization in emerging economies is pushing demand for steel-intensive infrastructure projects such as bridges, railways, ports, and urban housing. These projects require high-strength and durable steel, further fueling the need for consistent, high-quality raw materials. The rising trend of lightweight automotive designs for fuel efficiency also boosts the consumption of premium steel grades, indirectly amplifying the demand for high-grade pellets.

Global steel producers are investing in pelletizing capacity expansion and technological upgrades to meet the growing requirements for efficiency, cost-effectiveness, and environmental compliance. Furthermore, strategic partnerships between mining companies and steel manufacturers are ensuring a stable and long-term supply of pellets. This integrated approach helps mitigate price volatility in iron ore markets and secures competitive advantages in downstream steel production.

In summary, the increasing focus on sustainable and high-performance steelmaking is a critical driver for the iron ore pellets market. The superior metallurgical properties of pellets, combined with global decarbonization efforts and infrastructure expansion, ensure their rising adoption across both mature and developing markets. As steel remains integral to economic growth, the demand for high-grade iron ore pellets is expected to witness sustained and significant expansion in the coming years. Global steel production exceeds 1.8 billion metric tons annually, with high-grade steel accounting for an increasing share due to demand in automotive, construction, and energy sectors. Consumption of high-grade steel is estimated to grow at 5-7% CAGR over the next decade, outpacing overall steel demand growth. Automotive-grade high-strength steels now contribute to over 15% of total flat steel demand worldwide. Demand from renewable energy projects, such as wind turbines, is pushing high-grade steel usage to over 10 million metric tons annually.

Key Market Challenges

Volatility in Raw Material Prices and Supply Chain Disruptions

One of the most pressing challenges in the iron ore pellets market is the persistent volatility in raw material prices, particularly iron ore fines, which are the primary input for pellet production. Fluctuations in global iron ore prices are often influenced by factors such as geopolitical tensions, changes in mining regulations, environmental restrictions, and global demand-supply imbalances. When iron ore prices surge, pellet manufacturers face increased production costs, which can erode profit margins, especially in competitive markets where price pass-through to end users is limited. Additionally, freight and energy costs-integral to pellet manufacturing-are subject to similar volatility, further compounding the challenge.

Supply chain disruptions also pose a critical risk to market stability. Events such as extreme weather, port congestions, transportation bottlenecks, and mining accidents can cause sudden supply shortages, leading to delayed deliveries and increased operational costs. Global incidents like pandemics or geopolitical conflicts can amplify these disruptions, impacting both the availability and affordability of raw materials. For instance, any restriction on major iron ore-exporting countries can cause ripple effects across the entire pellet value chain, disrupting production schedules for steelmakers who rely on pellets as a feedstock.

The situation is further complicated by the industry's shift toward decarbonization. As pellet manufacturers transition to more sustainable production methods-such as using renewable energy or alternative binders-the costs associated with technology upgrades, compliance, and environmental certifications add additional layers of financial strain. While these measures align with long-term sustainability goals, they can exacerbate short-term cost pressures, especially for smaller or mid-sized producers with limited capital reserves.

In highly competitive global markets, such volatility and uncertainty can hinder strategic planning, making it difficult for producers to secure long-term contracts at stable pricing. The inability to predict raw material costs with reasonable accuracy forces companies to maintain higher inventory levels as a buffer, tying up working capital and impacting overall operational efficiency. This challenge underscores the need for robust risk management strategies, diversified sourcing networks, and investments in supply chain resilience to mitigate the effects of unpredictable raw material pricing and supply interruptions in the iron ore pellets market.

Key Market Trends

Rising Demand for High-Grade Pellets Driven by Decarbonization Initiatives

The global iron ore pellets market is witnessing a notable shift toward high-grade pellet production as steelmakers intensify efforts to reduce carbon emissions in line with global decarbonization targets. The steel industry, being one of the largest contributors to industrial greenhouse gas emissions, is under increasing regulatory and investor pressure to adopt cleaner production methods. High-grade iron ore pellets, characterized by low impurities and higher iron content, offer a significant advantage in this regard. They enable the production of direct reduced iron (DRI) and other low-emission steelmaking routes that require less energy during the reduction process compared to traditional blast furnaces.

This trend is particularly pronounced in regions where environmental regulations are stringent, such as Europe and North America, but it is also gaining traction in Asia as countries commit to net-zero emission goals. High-grade pellets not only help in reducing the overall carbon footprint but also improve furnace productivity and reduce fuel consumption. Steelmakers are increasingly prioritizing long-term supply contracts with pellet producers that can consistently deliver premium quality, thereby ensuring operational efficiency and sustainability compliance.

The transition toward green hydrogen-based steelmaking is another driving factor supporting this trend. Hydrogen direct reduction processes demand uniform and high-grade pellets to maintain efficiency and reduce process variability. As hydrogen-based steel production scales up in the coming decade, the demand for premium pellets is expected to rise significantly. Additionally, the growing preference for electric arc furnaces (EAFs) in place of traditional blast furnaces, especially in developed economies, further amplifies the need for high-quality pellet feedstock.

Mining and pelletizing companies are responding to this shift by upgrading beneficiation and pelletizing facilities, integrating advanced ore sorting and flotation technologies, and investing in research to enhance pellet characteristics. Several producers are also focusing on reducing silica, alumina, and phosphorus levels to cater to this premium segment. This movement toward high-grade pellet supply is not only a technological and operational upgrade but also a strategic positioning to remain relevant in an increasingly sustainability-driven market.

Over the next few years, the balance between supply and demand for premium pellets could tighten, especially as multiple large-scale green steel projects move from planning to operational stages. This could create opportunities for early movers in the high-grade pellet segment to command premium pricing and secure long-term partnerships with major steel producers. In summary, the rise in demand for high-grade pellets is not just a market preference but an inevitable transition driven by environmental commitments, emerging steel production technologies, and the global push toward sustainable industrial operations.

Key Market Players

• Vale S.A.
• Rio Tinto
• BHP Group
• ArcelorMittal
• Cleveland-Cliffs Inc.
• Metso Outotec
• Ferrexpo plc
• LKAB (Luossavaara-Kiirunavaara AB)
• Jindal Steel & Power Ltd.
• Bahrain Steel

Report Scope:

In this report, the Global Iron Ore Pellets Market has been segmented into the following categories, in addition to the industry trends which have also been detailed below:

Iron Ore Pellets Market, By Product:

• Blast Furnace Grade Pellets
• Direct Reduced Grade Pellets

Iron Ore Pellets Market, By Trade:

• Captive
• Seaborne

Iron Ore Pellets Market, By Balling Technology:

• Balling Disc
• Balling Drum

Iron Ore Pellets Market, By Region:

• North America
  • United States
  • Canada
  • Mexico
• Europe
  • France
  • United Kingdom
  • Italy
  • Germany
  • Spain
• Asia-Pacific
  • China
  • India
  • Japan
  • Australia
  • South Korea
• South America
  • Brazil
  • Argentina
  • Colombia
• Middle East & Africa
  • South Africa
  • Saudi Arabia
  • UAE
  • Kuwait
  • Turkey

Competitive Landscape

Company Profiles: Detailed analysis of the major companies presents in the Global Iron Ore Pellets Market.

Available Customizations:

Global Iron Ore Pellets Market report with the given Market data, Tech Sci Research offers customizations according to a company's specific needs. The following customization options are available for the report:

Company Information

• Detailed analysis and profiling of additional Market players (up to five).

Table of Contents

1. Product Overview

• 1.1. Market Definition
• 1.2. Scope of the Market
  • 1.2.1. Markets Covered
  • 1.2.2. Years Considered for Study
• 1.3. Key Market Segmentations

2. Research Methodology

• 2.1. Objective of the Study
• 2.2. Baseline Methodology
• 2.3. Formulation of the Scope
• 2.4. Assumptions and Limitations
• 2.5. Sources of Research
  • 2.5.1. Secondary Research
  • 2.5.2. Primary Research
• 2.6. Approach for the Market Study
  • 2.6.1. The Bottom-Up Approach
  • 2.6.2. The Top-Down Approach
• 2.7. Methodology Followed for Calculation of Market Size & Market Shares
• 2.8. Forecasting Methodology
  • 2.8.1. Data Triangulation & Validation

3. Executive Summary

• 3.1. Overview of the Market
• 3.2. Overview of Key Market Segmentations
• 3.3. Overview of Key Market Players
• 3.4. Overview of Key Regions/Countries
• 3.5. Overview of Market Drivers, Challenges, and Trends

4. Voice of Customer

5. Global Iron Ore Pellets Market Outlook

• 5.1. Market Size & Forecast
  • 5.1.1. By Value
• 5.2. Market Share & Forecast
  • 5.2.1. By Product (Blast Furnace Grade Pellets, Direct Reduced Grade Pellets)
  • 5.2.2. By Trade (Captive, Seaborne)
  • 5.2.3. By Balling Technology (Balling Disc, Balling Drum)
  • 5.2.4. By Region
• 5.3. By Company (2024)
• 5.4. Market Map

6. North America Iron Ore Pellets Market Outlook

• 6.1. Market Size & Forecast
  • 6.1.1. By Value
• 6.2. Market Share & Forecast
  • 6.2.1. By Product
  • 6.2.2. By Trade
  • 6.2.3. By Balling Technology
  • 6.2.4. By Country
• 6.3. North America: Country Analysis
  • 6.3.1. United States Iron Ore Pellets Market Outlook
    • 6.3.1.1. Market Size & Forecast
      • 6.3.1.1.1. By Value
    • 6.3.1.2. Market Share & Forecast
      • 6.3.1.2.1. By Product
      • 6.3.1.2.2. By Trade
      • 6.3.1.2.3. By Balling Technology
  • 6.3.2. Canada Iron Ore Pellets Market Outlook
    • 6.3.2.1. Market Size & Forecast
      • 6.3.2.1.1. By Value
    • 6.3.2.2. Market Share & Forecast
      • 6.3.2.2.1. By Product
      • 6.3.2.2.2. By Trade
      • 6.3.2.2.3. By Balling Technology
  • 6.3.3. Mexico Iron Ore Pellets Market Outlook
    • 6.3.3.1. Market Size & Forecast
      • 6.3.3.1.1. By Value
    • 6.3.3.2. Market Share & Forecast
      • 6.3.3.2.1. By Product
      • 6.3.3.2.2. By Trade
      • 6.3.3.2.3. By Balling Technology

7. Europe Iron Ore Pellets Market Outlook

• 7.1. Market Size & Forecast
  • 7.1.1. By Value
• 7.2. Market Share & Forecast
  • 7.2.1. By Product
  • 7.2.2. By Trade
  • 7.2.3. By Balling Technology
  • 7.2.4. By Country
• 7.3. Europe: Country Analysis
  • 7.3.1. Germany Iron Ore Pellets Market Outlook
    • 7.3.1.1. Market Size & Forecast
      • 7.3.1.1.1. By Value
    • 7.3.1.2. Market Share & Forecast
      • 7.3.1.2.1. By Product
      • 7.3.1.2.2. By Trade
      • 7.3.1.2.3. By Balling Technology
  • 7.3.2. United Kingdom Iron Ore Pellets Market Outlook
    • 7.3.2.1. Market Size & Forecast
      • 7.3.2.1.1. By Value
    • 7.3.2.2. Market Share & Forecast
      • 7.3.2.2.1. By Product
      • 7.3.2.2.2. By Trade
      • 7.3.2.2.3. By Balling Technology
  • 7.3.3. Italy Iron Ore Pellets Market Outlook
    • 7.3.3.1. Market Size & Forecast
      • 7.3.3.1.1. By Value
    • 7.3.3.2. Market Share & Forecast
      • 7.3.3.2.1. By Product
      • 7.3.3.2.2. By Trade
      • 7.3.3.2.3. By Balling Technology
  • 7.3.4. France Iron Ore Pellets Market Outlook
    • 7.3.4.1. Market Size & Forecast
      • 7.3.4.1.1. By Value
    • 7.3.4.2. Market Share & Forecast
      • 7.3.4.2.1. By Product
      • 7.3.4.2.2. By Trade
      • 7.3.4.2.3. By Balling Technology
  • 7.3.5. Spain Iron Ore Pellets Market Outlook
    • 7.3.5.1. Market Size & Forecast
      • 7.3.5.1.1. By Value
    • 7.3.5.2. Market Share & Forecast
      • 7.3.5.2.1. By Product
      • 7.3.5.2.2. By Trade
      • 7.3.5.2.3. By Balling Technology

8. Asia-Pacific Iron Ore Pellets Market Outlook

• 8.1. Market Size & Forecast
  • 8.1.1. By Value
• 8.2. Market Share & Forecast
  • 8.2.1. By Product
  • 8.2.2. By Trade
  • 8.2.3. By Balling Technology
  • 8.2.4. By Country
• 8.3. Asia-Pacific: Country Analysis
  • 8.3.1. China Iron Ore Pellets Market Outlook
    • 8.3.1.1. Market Size & Forecast
      • 8.3.1.1.1. By Value
    • 8.3.1.2. Market Share & Forecast
      • 8.3.1.2.1. By Product
      • 8.3.1.2.2. By Trade
      • 8.3.1.2.3. By Balling Technology
  • 8.3.2. India Iron Ore Pellets Market Outlook
    • 8.3.2.1. Market Size & Forecast
      • 8.3.2.1.1. By Value
    • 8.3.2.2. Market Share & Forecast
      • 8.3.2.2.1. By Product
      • 8.3.2.2.2. By Trade
      • 8.3.2.2.3. By Balling Technology
  • 8.3.3. Japan Iron Ore Pellets Market Outlook
    • 8.3.3.1. Market Size & Forecast
      • 8.3.3.1.1. By Value
    • 8.3.3.2. Market Share & Forecast
      • 8.3.3.2.1. By Product
      • 8.3.3.2.2. By Trade
      • 8.3.3.2.3. By Balling Technology
  • 8.3.4. South Korea Iron Ore Pellets Market Outlook
    • 8.3.4.1. Market Size & Forecast
      • 8.3.4.1.1. By Value
    • 8.3.4.2. Market Share & Forecast
      • 8.3.4.2.1. By Product
      • 8.3.4.2.2. By Trade
      • 8.3.4.2.3. By Balling Technology
  • 8.3.5. Australia Iron Ore Pellets Market Outlook
    • 8.3.5.1. Market Size & Forecast
      • 8.3.5.1.1. By Value
    • 8.3.5.2. Market Share & Forecast
      • 8.3.5.2.1. By Product
      • 8.3.5.2.2. By Trade
      • 8.3.5.2.3. By Balling Technology

9. South America Iron Ore Pellets Market Outlook

• 9.1. Market Size & Forecast
  • 9.1.1. By Value
• 9.2. Market Share & Forecast
  • 9.2.1. By Product
  • 9.2.2. By Trade
  • 9.2.3. By Balling Technology
  • 9.2.4. By Country
• 9.3. South America: Country Analysis
  • 9.3.1. Brazil Iron Ore Pellets Market Outlook
    • 9.3.1.1. Market Size & Forecast
      • 9.3.1.1.1. By Value
    • 9.3.1.2. Market Share & Forecast
      • 9.3.1.2.1. By Product
      • 9.3.1.2.2. By Trade
      • 9.3.1.2.3. By Balling Technology
  • 9.3.2. Argentina Iron Ore Pellets Market Outlook
    • 9.3.2.1. Market Size & Forecast
      • 9.3.2.1.1. By Value
    • 9.3.2.2. Market Share & Forecast
      • 9.3.2.2.1. By Product
      • 9.3.2.2.2. By Trade
      • 9.3.2.2.3. By Balling Technology
  • 9.3.3. Colombia Iron Ore Pellets Market Outlook
    • 9.3.3.1. Market Size & Forecast
      • 9.3.3.1.1. By Value
    • 9.3.3.2. Market Share & Forecast
      • 9.3.3.2.1. By Product
      • 9.3.3.2.2. By Trade
      • 9.3.3.2.3. By Balling Technology

10. Middle East and Africa Iron Ore Pellets Market Outlook

• 10.1. Market Size & Forecast
  • 10.1.1. By Value
• 10.2. Market Share & Forecast
  • 10.2.1. By Product
  • 10.2.2. By Trade
  • 10.2.3. By Balling Technology
  • 10.2.4. By Country
• 10.3. Middle East and Africa: Country Analysis
  • 10.3.1. South Africa Iron Ore Pellets Market Outlook
    • 10.3.1.1. Market Size & Forecast
      • 10.3.1.1.1. By Value
    • 10.3.1.2. Market Share & Forecast
      • 10.3.1.2.1. By Product
      • 10.3.1.2.2. By Trade
      • 10.3.1.2.3. By Balling Technology
  • 10.3.2. Saudi Arabia Iron Ore Pellets Market Outlook
    • 10.3.2.1. Market Size & Forecast
      • 10.3.2.1.1. By Value
    • 10.3.2.2. Market Share & Forecast
      • 10.3.2.2.1. By Product
      • 10.3.2.2.2. By Trade
      • 10.3.2.2.3. By Balling Technology
  • 10.3.3. UAE Iron Ore Pellets Market Outlook
    • 10.3.3.1. Market Size & Forecast
      • 10.3.3.1.1. By Value
    • 10.3.3.2. Market Share & Forecast
      • 10.3.3.2.1. By Product
      • 10.3.3.2.2. By Trade
      • 10.3.3.2.3. By Balling Technology
  • 10.3.4. Kuwait Iron Ore Pellets Market Outlook
    • 10.3.4.1. Market Size & Forecast
      • 10.3.4.1.1. By Value
    • 10.3.4.2. Market Share & Forecast
      • 10.3.4.2.1. By Product
      • 10.3.4.2.2. By Trade
      • 10.3.4.2.3. By Balling Technology
  • 10.3.5. Turkey Iron Ore Pellets Market Outlook
    • 10.3.5.1. Market Size & Forecast
      • 10.3.5.1.1. By Value
    • 10.3.5.2. Market Share & Forecast
      • 10.3.5.2.1. By Product
      • 10.3.5.2.2. By Trade
      • 10.3.5.2.3. By Balling Technology

11. Market Dynamics

• 11.1. Drivers
• 11.2. Challenges

12. Market Trends & Developments

• 12.1. Merger & Acquisition (If Any)
• 12.2. Product Launches (If Any)
• 12.3. Recent Developments

13. Company Profiles

• 13.1. Vale S.A.
  • 13.1.1. Business Overview
  • 13.1.2. Key Revenue and Financials
  • 13.1.3. Recent Developments
  • 13.1.4. Key Personnel/Key Contact Person
  • 13.1.5. Key Product/Services Offered
• 13.2. Rio Tinto
• 13.3. BHP Group
• 13.4. ArcelorMittal
• 13.5. Cleveland-Cliffs Inc.
• 13.6. Metso Outotec
• 13.7. Ferrexpo plc
• 13.8. LKAB (Luossavaara-Kiirunavaara AB)
• 13.9. Jindal Steel & Power Ltd.
• 13.10. Bahrain Steel

14. Strategic Recommendations

15. About Us & Disclaimer